boron and chlorobenzene

Novel salicyl alcohol derivatives (H(2)X(n)sal), 5-bromo-, 3,5-dibromo-, and 3,5-diiodosalicyl alcohol which were abbreviated to H(2)Brsal, H(2)Br(2)sal, and H(2)I(2)sal, respectively, were synthesized and used for the selective extraction of boric acid. Boric acid was extracted with each H(2)X(n)sal into chlorobenzene containing trioctylmethylammonium chloride (TOMACl) as an ion-pair complex, TOMA·B(X(n)sal)(2), at a different pH range. The extraction constant (K(ex)) of boric acid was determined by the equilibrium analyses including the formation of hydrogen-bonded complex of each H(2)X(n)sal with TOMACl in the organic phase. The K(ex) values obtained by salicyl alcohol (H(2)sal) and its derivatives were decreased in the order of H(2)I(2)sal ≥ H(2)Br(2)sal > H(2)Brsal > H(2)sal. The most powerful extractant, H(2)I(2)sal, was employed for the substoichiometric extraction of boric acid, which was extracted at pH 5 - 9 with a substoichiometric amount of TOMACl in the presence of an excess of H(2)I(2)sal. The present substoichiometric separation method combined with the stable isotope dilution analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) could be successfully applied to the determination of boron in a reference material of high-analysis compound fertilizer (FAMIC-A-08) without any correction as to the isotopic abundance.

Topics: Benzyl Alcohols; Boric Acids; Boron; Chlorobenzenes; Halogenation; Hydrogen Bonding; Mass Spectrometry; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Salts

In this paper the electrochemical degradation of chlorobenzene (CB) was investigated on boron-doped diamond (BDD) and platinum (Pt) anodes, and the degradation kinetics on these two electrodes was compared. Compared with the total mineralization with a total organic carbon (TOC) removal of 85.2% in 6h on Pt electrode, the TOC removal reached 94.3% on BDD electrode under the same operate condition. Accordingly, the mineralization current efficiency (MCE) during the mineralization on BDD electrode was higher than that on the Pt electrode. Besides TOC, the conversion of CB, the productions and decay of intermediates were also monitored. Kinetic study indicated that the decay of CB on BDD and Pt electrodes were both pseudo-first-order reactions, and the reaction rate constant (k(s)) on BDD electrode was higher than that on Pt electrode. The different reaction mechanisms on the two electrodes were investigated by the variation of intermediates concentrations. Two different reaction pathways for the degradation of CB on BDD electrode and Pt electrode involving all these intermediates were proposed.

Topics: Boron; Chlorobenzenes; Diamond; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Kinetics; Platinum; Waste Disposal, Fluid

A unique type of nanoscale Ni(B)/Fe(B) bimetallic catalytic reductant was prepared and used for dechlorination of monochlorobenzene (MCB). The sample Ni(B)/Fe(B) was synthesized by an electroless plating method, in which nanoscale Ni(B) was deposited on the surface of nanoscale Fe(B) synthesized by chemical reduction. The results suggest that the nanoscale Ni(B)/Fe(B) bimetallic catalytic reductant has higher dechlorination efficiency than Ni/Fe(B) catalytic reductant prepared by replacing Fe(B) with Ni(2+) in aqueous solution. The Ni content was found to be an important factor in catalytic dechlorination, with the dechlorination rate increasing with Ni content. The electroless plating method improve the efficiency of the Ni(2+) in the solution. Dechlorination takes place with the existence of nanoscale Ni(B)/Fe(B) bimetallic catalytic reductant via a pseudo-first-order reaction.

Topics: Boron; Catalysis; Chlorine; Chlorobenzenes; Iron; Kinetics; Metals; Nanotechnology; Nickel; Oxidation-Reduction