boron and calcium-fructoborate

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the scientific evidence on the form of organic boron, calcium fructoborate (CF), including health dates, dietary needs, pharmacology, experts opinion, research papers, clinical evidence, and dosing. CF is a natural product with effects in oxidative metabolism and cell apoptosis. We review the biological and biochemical action of chemical natural-identical entity of CF. This mini review provides support for future clinical research.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Arthritis; Borates; Boron; Dietary Supplements; Fructose; Humans; Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress; Plant Preparations; Plants; Trace Elements

Trichotecenes are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium sp., which may contaminate animal feeds and human food. A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of a fusarotoxin-contaminated diet, and to explore the counteracting potential of a calcium fructoborate (CFrB) additive on performance, typical health biochemistry parameters and immune response in weaned pigs. A naturally contaminated maize, containing low doses of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and T-2/HT-2 toxins (1790, 20, 0·6 and 90 parts per billion), was included in a maize-soyabean meal diet, and given ad libitum to eight weaned piglets (two groups: four pigs/group) for a period of 24 d. CFrB was administered to one of the contaminated groups and to another four piglets as a daily supplement, following the manufacturer's recommendation. A decrease in performance was observed in contaminated animals at this concentration of feed toxins, which was ameliorated by the dietary CFrB supplementation. Fusarium toxins also altered the pig immune response by increasing (P < 0·05) the ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation (111·7 % in comparison with control), the respiratory burst of porcine granulocytes (15·4 % for responsive cells v. 5·1 % for unstimulated cells and 70·95 v. 22·65 % for stimulated cells, respectively), the percentage of peripheral T, CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) subsets and the synthesis of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-8 (123·8, 217·1 and 255·1 %, respectively). The diet containing the CFrB additive reduced these exacerbated cellular immune responses induced by Fusarium toxins. However, consumption of CFrB did not counteract the effect of mycotoxins on biochemistry parameters, and increased plasma IgM and IgG of contaminated pigs.

Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Antidotes; Body Weight; Borates; Boron; Cell Proliferation; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Food Additives; Food Contamination; Fructose; Fusarium; Glycine max; Granulocytes; Immunity; Immunoglobulins; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Respiratory Burst; Swine; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Trichothecenes; Zea mays