betaine and proline

betaine has been researched along with proline in 233 studies

Research

Studies (233)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199026 (11.16)18.7374
1990's57 (24.46)18.2507
2000's65 (27.90)29.6817
2010's59 (25.32)24.3611
2020's26 (11.16)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Brandsch, M; Gebauer, S; Laug, L; Schäfer, S; Thondorf, I; Voigt, V; Zebisch, K1
Kilroe-Smith, TA; McLoughlin, JL1
Jones, RG1
Borghetti, AF; Borghetti, P; De Angelis, EM; Petronini, PG; Wheeler, KP1
Bakhrouf, A; Gauthier, MJ; Jeddi, M1
al-Harthi, L; Coyne, VE1
Kelly, AF; Kroll, RG; Patchett, RA2
Booth, IR; Pourkomailian, B2
Cayley, S; Lewis, BA; Record, MT1
Graham, JE; Wilkinson, BJ1
Jones, GP; Naidu, BP; Paleg, LG; Winzor, CL; Winzor, DJ1
Bae, JH; Miller, KJ1
Epstein, W; McLaggan, D1
Goins, B; Rudolph, AS1
Chudek, JA; Reed, RH; Whatmore, AM1
Fougère, F; Le Rudulier, D1
Milner, JL; Wood, JM1
Dattananda, CS; Gowrishankar, J1
Booth, IR; Gallagher, MP; Higgins, CF; Hyde, SC; Mimmack, ML; Pearce, SR1
Burgess, RR; Jovanovich, SB; Martinell, M; Record, MT1
Landfald, B; Larsen, PI; Strøm, AR; Sydnes, LK1
Barron, A; Bremer, E; May, G; Villarejo, M1
Barron, A; Jung, JU; Villarejo, M1
Chambers, ST; Kunin, CM2
Booth, IR; Cairney, J; Elmore, MJ; Higgins, CF; Sutherland, L1
Gowrishankar, J; Jayashree, P; Rajkumari, K1
Booth, IR; Cairney, J; Higgins, CF2
Chambers, S; Kunin, CM1
Crowe, JH; Crowe, LM; Rudolph, AS1
Asafov, GB; Ekisenina, NI; Ivanova, LM; Lumel'skiĭ, VIa; Smagin, VG1
Evered, DF; Nunn, PB1
Evered, DF; Franklin, CS; Nunn, PB1
Baker, RD; George, MJ1
Deren, JJ; Strauss, EW; Wilson, TH1
Munck, BG1
Deren, JJ; Padykula, HA; Wilson, TH1
Bernard, T; Goas, G; Hamelin, J; Le Rudulier, D1
Hansen, JN; Lin, Y1
Deuerling, E; Paeslack, B; Schumann, W1
Amin, US; Lash, TD; Wilkinson, BJ1
Csonka, LN; Gutierrez, JA1
Bremer, E; Faatz, E; Haardt, M; Kempf, B1
Csonka, LN; Fletcher, SA; Ikeda, TP; Kustu, S1
Mellies, J; Villarejo, M; Wise, A1
Abee, T; Beumer, RR; Cox, LJ; Rombouts, FM; Te Giffel, MC1
Hynes, SH; Ingledew, WM; Thomas, KC1
Bason, LM; Chambers, ST; Hayman, CM; Lever, M; Sizeland, PC1
Burnet, M; Dillon, MO; Gage, DA; Hanson, AD; Rathinasabapathi, B; Rivoal, J1
Wright, SH; Wunz, TM1
Alkema, H; Driessen, AJ; Hagting, A; Konings, WN; Molenaar, D1
Anderson, SH; Bae, JH; Miller, KJ1
Abdel-Ghany, Y; Kunin, CM; LeRudulier, D; Miller, DD; Poggi, MC; Tong, HH1
Liu, QR; López-Corcuera, B; Mandiyan, S; Nelson, H; Nelson, N1
Culham, DE; Lasby, B; Marangoni, AG; Milner, JL; Steer, BA; van Nues, RW; Wood, JM1
Chambers, ST; Peddie, BA1
Blanco, C; Bonnassie, S; Gouesbet, G; Trautwetter, A; Wu, LF1
Glaasker, E; Konings, WN; Poolman, B1
Boucher, D; Griveau, JF; Grizard, G; Le Lannou, D; Renard, P; Sion, B1
Cutler, KO; Deutch, CE; Reese, LM1
Bollag, JM; Feng, Y; Racke, KD1
Bayles, DO; Jayaswal, RK; Nadakavukaren, MJ; Vijaranakul, U; Wilkinson, BJ1
Chambers, ST; Lever, M; Peddie, BA; Randall, K1
Rajendrakumar, CS; Reddy, AR; Suryanarayana, T1
Bader, A; Burkovski, A; Krämer, R; Lambert, C; Peter, H1
Krämer, R; Lambert, C; Peter, H; Ruffert, S; Wendisch, VF1
Caprio, J; Valentincic, T1
Boch, J; Bremer, E; Kneip, S; Nau-Wagner, G1
Pourkomaillan, B1
Lindquist, S; Singer, MA1
Bremer, E; Spiegelhalter, F1
Glaasker, E; Heuberger, EH; Konings, WN; Poolman, B1
Burkovski, A; Krämer, R; Morbach, S; Peter, H; Weil, B1
Gage, DA; Hanson, AD; Nolte, KD; Nuccio, ML; Rathinasabapathi, B; Russell, BL1
Chambers, ST; Dellow, WJ; Lever, M; Lunt, H; Robson, RA1
Maxwell, WM; Sánchez-Partida, LG; Setchell, BP1
Alexander, DA; Culham, DE; Kunte, HJ; MacMillan, SV; Marshall, EV; Rochon, D; Wood, JM1
Nakamura, T; Takabe, T1
Hayashi, H; Murata, N; Sakamoto, A1
Ahmad, F; Anjum, F; Rishi, V1
Dantzler, WH; Lien, YH; Moeckel, GW; Pummer, S; Silbernagl, S; Völker, K1
Bayles, DO; Wilkinson, BJ1
Magistrini, M; Palmer, E; Trimeche, A; Vidament, M; Yvon, JM1
Anderson, CF; Capp, MW; Courtenay, ES; Record, MT1
Boncompagni, E; Dupont, L; Lambert, A; Le Rudulier, D; Mignot, T; Osteräs, M; Poggi, MC1
Kumar, SG; Madhusudhan, KV; Sreenivasulu, N; Sudhakar, C1
Baba, S; Hibino, T; Ishii, T; Ishikawa, H; Kawamitsu, Y; Matsuda, N; Meng, YL; Takabe, T; Tanaka, Y; Uehara, N; Wada, K1
Hamilton, EW; Heckathorn, SA1
Diamant, S; Eliahu, N; Goloubinoff, P; Rosenthal, D1
Miller, WM; Schmelzer, AE1
Futsuhara, Y; Hayakawa, S; Hibino, T; Incharoensakdi, A; Kawamitsu, Y; Nakamura, T; Suzuki, S; Takabe, T; Tanaka, Y; Waditee, R1
Chen, TH; Murata, N1
Miller, KJ; Vilhelmsson, O1
Kumar, S; Luthra, R; Rai, SP1
Eriksson, J; Nordström, T; Nyrén, P1
Baliarda, A; Blanco, C; Deschamps, A; Jebbar, M; Le Marrec, C; Robert, H1
Cabrera-Martinez, RM; Setlow, B; Setlow, P; Tovar-Rojo, F1
Bösser, L; Breed, J; Bremer, E; Diederichs, K; Gade, J; Holtmann, G; Kneip, S; Schiefner, A; Welte, W1
Bremer, E; Holtmann, G1
Alexieva, V; Atanassov, A; Djilianov, D; Ivanov, S; Karanov, E; Konstantinova, T; Parvanova, D; Tsvetkov, T1
Krämer, R; Morbach, S1
Bremer, E; Diederichs, K; Holtmann, G; Schiefner, A; Welte, W1
Krämer, R; Morbach, S; Steger, R; Weinand, M1
Bajji, M; Kinet, JM; Lutts, S; Martìnez, JP; Schanck, A1
Botzenhardt, J; Krämer, R; Morbach, S1
Chebotareva, NA; Harding, SE; Kurganov, BI; Winzor, DJ1
Grallath, S; Gumy, C; Meyer, A; Neuhaus, JM; Rentsch, D; Suter-Grotemeyer, M; Weimar, T1
Ganapathy, V; Gatfield, KM; Kennedy, DJ; Thwaites, DT; Winpenny, JP1
Ma, YQ; Weng, YJ; Zhao, Y1
Kisidayová, S; Michałowski, T; Newbold, CJ; Váradyová, Z1
Dubey, RS; Sharma, P1
Cuin, TA; Shabala, S1
Nout, MJ; Rombouts, FM; Thanh, NV1
Chebotareva, NA; Eronina, TB; Kurganov, BI1
Eskandari, S; Grallath, S; Meyer, A; Rentsch, D1
Krämer, R; Morbach, S; Ott, V; Schiller, D1
Breed, J; Bremer, E; Horn, C; Schmitt, L; Sohn-Bösser, L; Welte, W1
Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Okuma, E; Shimoishi, Y1
Dandekar, AM; Le Rudulier, D; Smith, LT; Strom, AR; Valentine, RC1
Boscari, A; Le Rudulier, D; Mandon, K; Van de Sype, G1
Alloing, G; Dupont, L; Le Rudulier, D; Sagot, B; Travers, I1
Jayashree, R; Kala, RG; Kumari Jayasree, P; Rekha, K; Sobha, S; Sushmakumari, S; Thulaseedharan, A; Venkatachalam, P1
Anas, MK; Baltz, JM; Hammer, MA; Lever, M; Stanton, JA1
Amako, K; Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Okuma, E; Shimoishi, Y1
Fleischer, R; Heermann, R; Hunke, S; Jung, K1
Krämer, R; Morbach, S; Weinand, M1
Draper, DE; Lambert, D1
Jaleel, CA; Kishorekumar, A; Lakshmanan, GM; Manivannan, P; Panneerselvam, R; Sankar, B; Somasundaram, R1
Jaleel, CA; Kishorekumar, A; Manivannan, P; Panneerselvam, R; Sankar, B1
Gierasch, LM; Ignatova, Z1
Tuteja, N1
Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Shimoishi, Y1
Atkinson, W; Chambers, ST; Downer, P; George, PM; Lever, M1
Gopi, R; Jaleel, CA; Panneerselvam, R1
Chen, Z; Cuin, TA; Naidu, BP; Shabala, S; Twomey, A; Zhou, M1
Ben Hassine, A; Bouzid, S; Ghanem, ME; Lutts, S2
Banu, NA; Hoque, A; Matsuoka, K; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Shimoishi, Y; Watanabe-Sugimoto, M1
Jaleel, CA; Manivannan, P; Panneerselvam, R; Somasundaram, R1
Jha, B; Mandoli, A; Mishra, A1
Burg, K; Guignard, C; Hausman, JF; Hoffmann, L; Oufir, M; Schulz, N; Sha Vallikhan, PS; Wilhelm, E1
Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Islam, MM; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Okuma, E; Shimoishi, Y1
Ishida, A; Nagata, S; Oshima, A; Sasaki, H; Wang, Y; Zhang, H1
Arias, CR; Hirai, Y; Mori, IC; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Okuma, E; Shimoishi, Y; Sobahan, MA1
Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Islam, MM; Jahan, MS; Jannat, R; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Okuma, E1
Banu, MN; Hoque, MA; Islam, MM; Matsuoka, K; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Uraji, M; Watanabe-Sugimoto, M1
Hagemann, M; Klähn, S1
Bjorge, D; Schwan, WR; Wetzel, KJ1
Bremer, E; Hoffmann, T1
Borwankar, T; Dosche, C; Ignatova, Z; Röthlein, C; Techen, A; Zhang, G1
Considine, KM; Fitzgerald, GF; Hill, C; Kelly, AL; Sleator, RD1
Babbar, SB; Bansal, KC; Goel, D; Murata, N; Singh, AK; Yadav, V1
Cha-Um, S; Kageyama, H; Kirdmanee, C; Promden, W; Takabe, T; Tanaka, Y; Yamada, N1
Sakakibara, S; Takabe, T; Tanaka, Y; Tsutsumi, K; Waditee, R; Yamada, N1
Castro-Puyana, M; Crego, AL; Luisa Marina, M; Sánchez-Hernández, L1
Bremer, E; Gohlke, H; Holtmann, G; Pittelkow, M; Schmitt, L; Smits, SH; Sohn-Bösser, L; Tschapek, B1
Auton, M; Bolen, DW; Holthauzen, LM; Rösgen, J; Sinev, M1
Cawthray, GR; Colmer, TD; Nio, SA; Wade, LJ1
Balestrieri, ML; Bata-Csere, A; Castaldo, D; Cautela, D; Giovane, A; Servillo, L1
Fatma, T; Habib, K; Kumar, S; Manikar, N; Zutshi, S1
Colombetti, G; Fulgentini, L; Marangoni, R; Melck, D; Motta, A; Paris, D1
Balestrieri, ML; Castaldo, D; Cautela, D; Ferrari, G; Giovane, A; Servillo, L1
Fan, W; Zhang, H; Zhang, M; Zhang, P1
Bearden, DW; Boroujerdi, AF; DiTullio, GR; Janech, MG; Lee, PA; Vied, SB1
Ghoul, M; Silini, A; Silini-Chérif, H1
Akter, N; Hirai, Y; Mori, IC; Murata, Y; Nakamura, Y; Ohno, M; Okuma, E; Sobahan, MA1
Bremer, E; Brosius, M; Hoffmann, T; Steil, L; Völker, U; Wensing, A1
Angelova, P; Atanassov, A; Djilianov, D; Doltchinkova, V; Ivanova, E; Konstantinova, T; Moyankova, D1
Flummer, C; Hedemann, MS; Kristensen, NB; Theil, PK1
Capp, MW; Diehl, RC; Guinn, EJ; Record, MT; Tsodikov, OV1
Chen, J; Duan, X; Wu, J1
Myers, JK; Silvers, TR1
Dozen, M; Miyawaki, O; Nomura, K1
Cannistra, JC; Gloer, JB; Rogers, KD; Wicklow, DT1
Johnson, GN; Ogbaga, CC; Stepien, P1
Adamski, J; Gieger, C; Illig, T; Kastenmüller, G; Meisinger, C; Mook-Kanamori, DO; Peters, A; Petersen, AK; Prehn, C; Römisch-Margl, W; Suhre, K; Wang-Sattler, R1
Burke, T; Coumoundouros, C; Culham, DE; Deutch, CE; Ellinger, J; Kerr, CH; Murdock, L; Plater, SM; To, E; Wood, JM; Wright, G1
Alam, MM; Fujita, M; Hasanuzzaman, M; Nahar, K; Rahman, A1
Boyce, MC; Breadmore, MC; Guijt, RM; Kalsoom, U1
Hosoda, K; Terawaki, S; Wakamatsu, K; Wang, H1
Ells, TC; Huang, Y; Truelstrup Hansen, L1
Hussain, I; Mahmood, S; Parveen, A; Rasheed, R; Wahid, A1
Li, ZG1
Balestrieri, ML; Casale, R; Castaldo, D; Cautela, D; Giovane, A; Paolucci, M; Servillo, L; Siano, F; Volpe, MG1
Choudhary, S; Hosur, RV; Kishore, N1
Guo, KN; Li, JH; Li, LJ; Liu, C; Wu, CY1
Chen, H; Chen, XF; Dong, YY; Guo, C; Li, HY; Li, XW; Wang, FW; Wang, ML; Wang, N; Wang, ZM1
Bader, M; Beusch, A; Hofmann, T; Lang, R; Lang, T; Schlagbauer, V1
Csiszár, J; Gallé, Á; Galović, V; Orlović, S; Poór, P; Popović, BM; Štajner, D; Tari, I; Trudić, B; Ždero-Pavlović, R1
Aurich, C; Budik, S; De Oliveira, RA1
Ahanger, MA; Ahmad, P; Alam, P; Alyemeni, MN; Bhardwaj, R; Wijaya, L1
Ahmad, P; Alam, P; Alyemeni, MN; Jan, S; Siddique, KH; Wijaya, L1
Ghassemi-Golezani, K; Mostafaei, E; Salehi-Lisar, Y; Zehtab-Salmasi, S1
Alamri, SA; Alaraidh, IA; Alayafi, AA; Ali, HM; Alsahli, AA; El-Esawi, MA1
Abadía, J; Ebrahimi, M; Hosseini, MS; Khanahmadi, M; Samsampour, D1
Blasco, B; De la Torre-González, A; Montesinos-Pereira, D; Ruiz, JM1
Boutin, R; Culham, DE; Garner, J; Lamoureux, G; Marom, D; Ozturk, TN; Sahtout, N; Tempelhagen, L; Wood, JM1
Cui, W; Fan, Q; Feng, N; He, Z; Zhang, Y1
Behrman, EJ; Krzycki, JA; Picking, JW; Zhang, L1
Cha-Um, S; Samphumphuang, T; Singh, HP; Theerawitaya, C; Tisarum, R1
Govrin, R; Obstbaum, T; Sivan, U1
Åkesson, B; Auriola, S; Hanhineva, K; Hermansen, K; Kärkkäinen, O; Kolehmainen, M; Lehtonen, M; Leppänen, J; Poutanen, K; Risérus, U; Savolainen, MJ; Schwab, U; Thorsdottir, I; Tuomainen, M; Uusitupa, M1
Cheng, S; Ge, W; Ji, S; Luo, M; Sun, H; Sun, Y; Wei, B; Zhou, Q; Zhou, X1
Abd Allah, EF; Ahmad, P; Bhardwaj, R; Hashem, A; Khanna, K; Ohri, P; Sharma, A1
Alhaithloul, HA; Ameta, KL; El-Esawi, MA; Elkelish, A; Soliman, MH1
El-Eryan, E; Tarabih, M1
Nawaz, M; Wang, Z1
Bi, S; Qian, F; Wang, P; Xia, N; Xiong, L1
Brown, AP; Chivasa, S; Cummins, I; Goche, T; Ngara, R; Shargie, NG1
Abbasi, S; Abd El-Wahab, A; Abdallah, M; Abebe, G; Aca-Aca, G; Adama, S; Adefegha, SA; Adidigue-Ndiome, R; Adiseshaiah, P; Adrario, E; Aghajanian, C; Agnese, W; Ahmad, A; Ahmad, I; Ahmed, MFE; Akcay, OF; Akinmoladun, AC; Akutagawa, T; Alakavuklar, MA; Álava-Rabasa, S; Albaladejo-Florín, MJ; Alexandra, AJE; Alfawares, R; Alferiev, IS; Alghamdi, HS; Ali, I; Allard, B; Allen, JD; Almada, E; Alobaid, A; Alonso, GL; Alqahtani, YS; Alqarawi, W; Alsaleh, H; Alyami, BA; Amaral, BPD; Amaro, JT; Amin, SAW; Amodio, E; Amoo, ZA; Andia Biraro, I; Angiolella, L; Anheyer, D; Anlay, DZ; Annex, BH; Antonio-Aguirre, B; Apple, S; Arbuznikov, AV; Arinsoy, T; Armstrong, DK; Ash, S; Aslam, M; Asrie, F; Astur, DC; Atzrodt, J; Au, DW; Aucoin, M; Auerbach, EJ; Azarian, S; Ba, D; Bai, Z; Baisch, PRM; Balkissou, AD; Baltzopoulos, V; Banaszewski, M; Banerjee, S; Bao, Y; Baradwan, A; Barandika, JF; Barger, PM; Barion, MRL; Barrett, CD; Basudan, AM; Baur, LE; Baz-Rodríguez, SA; Beamer, P; Beaulant, A; Becker, DF; Beckers, C; Bedel, J; Bedlack, R; Bermúdez de Castro, JM; Berry, JD; Berthier, C; Bhattacharya, D; Biadgo, B; Bianco, G; Bianco, M; Bibi, S; Bigliardi, AP; Billheimer, D; Birnie, DH; Biswas, K; Blair, HC; Bognetti, P; Bolan, PJ; Bolla, JR; Bolze, A; Bonnaillie, P; Borlimi, R; Bórquez, J; Bottari, NB; Boulleys-Nana, JR; Brighetti, G; Brodeur, GM; Budnyak, T; Budnyk, S; Bukirwa, VD; Bulman, DM; Burm, R; Busman-Sahay, K; Butcher, TW; Cai, C; Cai, H; Cai, L; Cairati, M; Calvano, CD; Camacho-Ordóñez, A; Camela, E; Cameron, T; Campbell, BS; Cansian, RL; Cao, Y; Caporale, AS; Carciofi, AC; Cardozo, V; Carè, J; Carlos, AF; Carozza, R; Carroll, CJW; Carsetti, A; Carubelli, V; Casarotta, E; Casas, M; Caselli, G; Castillo-Lora, J; Cataldi, TRI; Cavalcante, ELB; Cavaleiro, A; Cayci, Z; Cebrián-Tarancón, C; Cedrone, E; Cella, D; Cereda, C; Ceretti, A; Ceroni, M; Cha, YH; Chai, X; Chang, EF; Chang, TS; Chanteux, H; Chao, M; Chaplin, BP; Chaturvedi, S; Chaturvedi, V; Chaudhary, DK; Chen, A; Chen, C; Chen, HY; Chen, J; Chen, JJ; Chen, K; Chen, L; Chen, Q; Chen, R; Chen, SY; Chen, TY; Chen, WM; Chen, X; Chen, Y; Cheng, G; Cheng, GJ; Cheng, J; Cheng, YH; Cheon, HG; Chew, KW; Chhoker, S; Chiu, WN; Choi, ES; Choi, MJ; Choi, SD; Chokshi, S; Chorny, M; Chu, KI; Chu, WJ; Church, AL; Cirrincione, A; Clamp, AR; Cleff, MB; Cohen, M; Coleman, RL; Collins, SL; Colombo, N; Conduit, N; Cong, WL; Connelly, MA; Connor, J; Cooley, K; Correa Ramos Leal, I; Cose, S; Costantino, C; Cottrell, M; Cui, L; Cundall, J; Cutaia, C; Cutler, CW; Cuypers, ML; da Silva Júnior, FMR; Dahal, RH; Damiani, E; Damtie, D; Dan-Li, W; Dang, Z; Dasa, SSK; Davin, A; Davis, DR; de Andrade, CM; de Jong, PL; de Oliveira, D; de Paula Dorigam, JC; Dean, A; Deepa, M; Delatour, C; Dell'Aiera, S; Delley, MF; den Boer, RB; Deng, L; Deng, Q; Depner, RM; Derdau, V; Derici, U; DeSantis, AJ; Desmarini, D; Diffo-Sonkoue, L; Divizia, M; Djenabou, A; Djordjevic, JT; Dobrovolskaia, MA; Domizi, R; Donati, A; Dong, Y; Dos Santos, M; Dos Santos, MP; Douglas, RG; Duarte, PF; Dullaart, RPF; Duscha, BD; Edwards, LA; Edwards, TE; Eichenwald, EC; El-Baba, TJ; Elashiry, M; Elashiry, MM; Elashry, SH; Elliott, A; Elsayed, R; Emerson, MS; Emmanuel, YO; Emory, TH; Endale-Mangamba, LM; Enten, GA; Estefanía-Fernández, K; Estes, JD; Estrada-Mena, FJ; Evans, S; Ezra, L; Faria de, RO; Farraj, AK; Favre, C; Feng, B; Feng, J; Feng, L; Feng, W; Feng, X; Feng, Z; Fernandes, CLF; Fernández-Cuadros, ME; Fernie, AR; Ferrari, D; Florindo, PR; Fong, PC; Fontes, EPB; Fontinha, D; Fornari, VJ; Fox, NP; Fu, Q; Fujitaka, Y; Fukuhara, K; Fumeaux, T; Fuqua, C; Fustinoni, S; Gabbanelli, V; Gaikwad, S; Gall, ET; Galli, A; Gancedo, MA; Gandhi, MM; Gao, D; Gao, K; Gao, M; Gao, Q; Gao, X; Gao, Y; Gaponenko, V; Garber, A; Garcia, EM; García-Campos, C; García-Donas, J; García-Pérez, AL; Gasparri, F; Ge, C; Ge, D; Ge, JB; Ge, X; George, I; George, LA; Germani, G; Ghassemi Tabrizi, S; Gibon, Y; Gillent, E; Gillies, RS; Gilmour, MI; Goble, S; Goh, JC; Goiri, F; Goldfinger, LE; Golian, M; Gómez, MA; Gonçalves, J; Góngora-García, OR; Gonul, I; González, MA; Govers, TM; Grant, PC; Gray, EH; Gray, JE; Green, MS; Greenwald, I; Gregory, MJ; Gretzke, D; Griffin-Nolan, RJ; Griffith, DC; Gruppen, EG; Guaita, A; Guan, P; Guan, X; Guerci, P; Guerrero, DT; Guo, M; Guo, P; Guo, R; Guo, X; Gupta, J; Guz, G; Hajizadeh, N; Hamada, H; Haman-Wabi, AB; Han, TT; Hannan, N; Hao, S; Harjola, VP; Harmon, M; Hartmann, MSM; Hartwig, JF; Hasani, M; Hawthorne, WJ; Haykal-Coates, N; Hazari, MS; He, DL; He, P; He, SG; Héau, C; Hebbar Kannur, K; Helvaci, O; Heuberger, DM; Hidalgo, F; Hilty, MP; Hirata, K; Hirsch, A; Hoffman, AM; Hoffmann, JF; Holloway, RW; Holmes, RK; Hong, S; Hongisto, M; Hopf, NB; Hörlein, R; Hoshino, N; Hou, Y; Hoven, NF; Hsieh, YY; Hsu, CT; Hu, CW; Hu, JH; Hu, MY; Hu, Y; Hu, Z; Huang, C; Huang, D; Huang, DQ; Huang, L; Huang, Q; Huang, R; Huang, S; Huang, SC; Huang, W; Huang, Y; Huffman, KM; Hung, CH; Hung, CT; Huurman, R; Hwang, SM; Hyun, S; Ibrahim, AM; Iddi-Faical, A; Immordino, P; 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Mansuri, A; Marelli, E; Margulis, CJ; Marrella, A; Martin, BL; Martín-Francés, L; Martínez de Pinillos, M; Martínez-Navarro, EM; Martinez-Quintanilla Jimenez, D; Martínez-Velasco, A; Martínez-Villaseñor, L; Martinón-Torres, M; Martins, BA; Massongo, M; Mathew, AP; Mathews, D; Matsui, J; Matsumoto, KI; Mau, T; Maves, RC; Mayclin, SJ; Mayer, JM; Maynard, ND; Mayr, T; Mboowa, MG; McEvoy, MP; McIntyre, RC; McKay, JA; McPhail, MJW; McVeigh, AL; Mebazaa, A; Medici, V; Medina, DN; Mehmood, T; Mei-Li, C; Melku, M; Meloncelli, S; Mendes, GC; Mendoza-Velásquez, C; Mercadante, R; Mercado, MI; Merenda, MEZ; Meunier, J; Mi, SL; Michels, M; Mijatovic, V; Mikhailov, V; Milheiro, SA; Miller, DC; Ming, F; Mitsuishi, M; Miyashita, T; Mo, J; Mo, S; Modesto-Mata, M; Moeller, S; Monte, A; Monteiro, L; Montomoli, J; Moore, EE; Moore, HB; Moore, PK; Mor, MK; Moratalla-López, N; Moratilla Lapeña, L; Moreira, R; Moreno, MA; Mörk, AC; Morton, M; Mosier, JM; Mou, LH; Mougharbel, AS; Muccillo-Baisch, AL; Muñoz-Serrano, AJ; Mustafa, B; Nair, GM; Nakanishi, I; Nakanjako, D; Naraparaju, K; Nawani, N; Neffati, R; Neil, EC; Neilipovitz, D; Neira-Borrajo, I; Nelson, MT; Nery, PB; Nese, M; Nguyen, F; Nguyen, MH; Niazy, AA; Nicolaï, J; Nogueira, F; Norbäck, D; Novaretti, JV; O'Donnell, T; O'Dowd, A; O'Malley, DM; Oaknin, A; Ogata, K; Ohkubo, K; Ojha, M; Olaleye, MT; Olawande, B; Olomo, EJ; Ong, EWY; Ono, A; Onwumere, J; Ortiz Bibriesca, DM; Ou, X; Oza, AM; Ozturk, K; Özütemiz, C; Palacio-Pastrana, C; Palaparthi, A; Palevsky, PM; Pan, K; Pantanetti, S; Papachristou, DJ; Pariani, A; Parikh, CR; Parissis, J; Paroul, N; Parry, S; Patel, N; Patel, SM; Patel, VC; Pawar, S; Pefura-Yone, EW; Peixoto Andrade, BCO; Pelepenko, LE; Peña-Lora, D; Peng, S; Pérez-Moro, OS; Perez-Ortiz, AC; Perry, LM; Peter, CM; Phillips, NJ; Phillips, P; Pia Tek, J; Piner, LW; Pinto, EA; Pinto, SN; Piyachaturawat, P; Poka-Mayap, V; Polledri, E; Poloni, TE; Ponessa, G; Poole, ST; Post, AK; Potter, TM; Pressly, BB; Prouty, MG; Prudêncio, M; Pulkki, K; Pupier, C; Qian, H; Qian, ZP; Qiu, Y; Qu, G; Rahimi, S; Rahman, AU; Ramadan, H; Ramanna, S; Ramirez, I; Randolph, GJ; Rasheed, A; Rault, J; Raviprakash, V; Reale, E; Redpath, C; Rema, V; Remucal, CK; Remy, D; Ren, T; Ribeiro, LB; Riboli, G; Richards, J; Rieger, V; Rieusset, J; Riva, A; Rivabella Maknis, T; Robbins, JL; Robinson, CV; Roche-Campo, F; Rodriguez, R; Rodríguez-de-Cía, J; Rollenhagen, JE; Rosen, EP; Rub, D; Rubin, N; Rubin, NT; Ruurda, JP; Saad, O; Sabell, T; Saber, SE; Sabet, M; Sadek, MM; Saejio, A; Salinas, RM; Saliu, IO; Sande, D; Sang, D; Sangenito, LS; Santos, ALSD; Sarmiento Caldas, MC; Sassaroli, S; Sassi, V; Sato, J; Sauaia, A; Saunders, K; Saunders, PR; Savarino, SJ; Scambia, G; Scanlon, N; Schetinger, MR; Schinkel, AFL; Schladweiler, MC; Schofield, CJ; Schuepbach, RA; Schulz, J; Schwartz, N; Scorcella, C; Seeley, J; Seemann, F; Seinige, D; Sengoku, T; Seravalli, J; Sgromo, B; Shaheen, MY; Shan, L; Shanmugam, S; Shao, H; Sharma, S; Shaw, KJ; Shen, BQ; Shen, CH; Shen, P; Shen, S; Shen, Y; Shen, Z; Shi, J; Shi-Li, L; Shimoda, K; Shoji, Y; Shun, C; Silva, MA; Silva-Cardoso, J; Simas, NK; Simirgiotis, MJ; Sincock, SA; Singh, MP; Sionis, A; Siu, J; Sivieri, EM; Sjerps, MJ; Skoczen, SL; Slabon, A; Slette, IJ; Smith, MD; Smith, S; Smith, TG; Snapp, KS; Snow, SJ; Soares, MCF; Soberman, D; Solares, MD; Soliman, I; Song, J; Sorooshian, A; Sorrell, TC; Spinar, J; Staudt, A; Steinhart, C; Stern, ST; Stevens, DM; Stiers, KM; Stimming, U; Su, YG; Subbian, V; Suga, H; Sukhija-Cohen, A; Suksamrarn, A; Suksen, K; Sun, J; Sun, M; Sun, P; Sun, W; Sun, XF; Sun, Y; Sundell, J; Susan, LF; Sutjarit, N; Swamy, KV; Swisher, EM; Sykes, C; Takahashi, JA; Talmor, DS; Tan, B; Tan, ZK; Tang, L; Tang, S; Tanner, JJ; Tanwar, M; Tarazi, Z; Tarvasmäki, T; Tay, FR; Teketel, A; Temitayo, GI; Thersleff, T; Thiessen Philbrook, H; Thompson, LC; Thongon, N; Tian, B; Tian, F; Tian, Q; Timothy, AT; Tingle, MD; Titze, IR; Tolppanen, H; Tong, W; Toyoda, H; Tronconi, L; Tseng, CH; Tu, H; Tu, YJ; Tung, SY; Turpault, S; Tuynman, JB; Uemoto, AT; Ugurlu, M; Ullah, S; Underwood, RS; Ungell, AL; Usandizaga-Elio, I; Vakonakis, I; van Boxel, GI; van den Beucken, JJJP; van der Boom, T; van Slegtenhorst, MA; Vanni, JR; Vaquera, A; Vasconcellos, RS; Velayos, M; Vena, R; Ventura, G; Verso, MG; Vincent, RP; Vitale, F; Vitali, S; Vlek, SL; Vleugels, MPH; Volkmann, N; Vukelic, M; Wagner Mackenzie, B; Wairagala, P; Waller, SB; Wan, J; Wan, MT; Wan, Y; Wang, CC; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wang, JF; Wang, K; Wang, L; Wang, M; Wang, S; Wang, WM; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wang, YD; Wang, YF; Wang, Z; Wang, ZG; Warriner, K; Weberpals, JI; Weerachayaphorn, J; Wehrli, FW; Wei, J; Wei, KL; Weinheimer, CJ; Weisbord, SD; Wen, S; Wendel Garcia, PD; Williams, JW; Williams, R; Winkler, C; Wirman, AP; Wong, S; Woods, CM; Wu, B; Wu, C; Wu, F; Wu, P; Wu, S; Wu, Y; Wu, YN; Wu, ZH; Wurtzel, JGT; Xia, L; Xia, Z; Xia, ZZ; Xiao, H; Xie, C; Xin, ZM; Xing, Y; Xing, Z; Xu, S; Xu, SB; Xu, T; Xu, X; Xu, Y; Xue, L; Xun, J; Yaffe, MB; Yalew, A; 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Corpas, FJ; Iqbal, N; Khan, NA; Umar, S1
Ferdosi, MFH; Habib, S; Khan, KA; Shoaib, A1
Fayyaz, M; Gul, A; Jamil, M; Jan, SU; Rehman, M; Rehman, SU1
Brestic, M; Chen, X; Li, C; Li, D; Liu, Y; Yang, X; Yu, S; Zhang, T; Zhang, W; Zhou, F1
Bello-Bello, JJ; Cruz-Cruz, CA; Martínez-Santos, E; Spinoso-Castillo, JL1
Jiji, J; Juby, B; Minimol, JS; Panchami, PS; Santhoshkumar, AV; Suma, B1
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Li, ZG; Qiu, XM; Sun, YY; Wang, JQ; Xiang, RH1
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Lang, D; Li, Y; Peng, X; Wang, Q; Zhang, W; Zhang, X1
Ferreira, ACS; Marinho, RKM; Monteiro, GGTN; Okumura, RS; Oliveira Neto, CF; Oliveira, SCF; Souza, EFL; Souza, LC1

Reviews

9 review(s) available for betaine and proline

ArticleYear
[Salinity tolerance and functions of compatible solubles].
    Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme, 1999, Volume: 44, Issue:15 Suppl

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Dexamethasone; Osmotic Pressure; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Plants; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Sugar Alcohols

1999
[Gene engineering of salt tolerance in higher plants].
    Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme, 1999, Volume: 44, Issue:15 Suppl

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Genetic Engineering; Heat-Shock Proteins; Osmotic Pressure; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Plant Proteins; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Sugar Alcohols; Transcription Factors; Trehalose

1999
Enhancement of tolerance of abiotic stress by metabolic engineering of betaines and other compatible solutes.
    Current opinion in plant biology, 2002, Volume: 5, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Choline; Fructans; Genetic Engineering; Glycine; Mannitol; Oxidative Stress; Plants; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proline; Sorbitol; Stress, Mechanical; Trehalose

2002
BetP of Corynebacterium glutamicum, a transporter with three different functions: betaine transport, osmosensing, and osmoregulation.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2004, Jul-23, Volume: 1658, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Symporters; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2004
Mechanisms of high salinity tolerance in plants.
    Methods in enzymology, 2007, Volume: 428

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Betaine; Calcium Signaling; DEAD-box RNA Helicases; Ion Pumps; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Osmotic Pressure; Plants; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium Chloride; SOS Response, Genetics; Transcription, Genetic

2007
Compatible solute biosynthesis in cyanobacteria.
    Environmental microbiology, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Cyanobacteria; Glucosides; Proline; Salt Tolerance; Sucrose; Trehalose

2011
    Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health, 2022, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genitalia; Genotype; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Glottis; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucuronides; Glutathione Transferase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Grassland; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Head Kidney; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Septum; HEK293 Cells; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Hemodynamics; Hep G2 Cells; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hesperidin; High-Frequency Ventilation; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; Hippocampus; Hirudins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; HIV Infections; Homeostasis; Hominidae; Housing, Animal; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Immunoconjugates; Immunogenic Cell Death; Indoles; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infrared Rays; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections, Intravenous; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Intermediate Filaments; Intermittent Claudication; Intestine, Small; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Iron; Isomerism; Isotope Labeling; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ketoprofen; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lactobacillus; Lactulose; Lakes; Lamivudine; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Laryngoscopy; Leucine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid A; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lupinus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Machine Learning; Macular Degeneration; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Magnetic Phenomena; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetics; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mannans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mass Spectrometry; Melatonin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Meniscectomy; Menisci, Tibial; Mephenytoin; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metal Nanoparticles; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcirculation; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Video; Microtubules; Microvascular Density; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Models, Animal; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Models, Theoretical; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Morus; Mouth Floor; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Naphthols; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Neisseria meningitidis; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroblastoma; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; New York; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nicotine; Nitriles; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Fixation; North America; Observer Variation; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Oils, Volatile; Olea; Oligosaccharides; Omeprazole; Open Field Test; Optimism; Oregon; Oryzias; Osmolar Concentration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Ozone; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pakistan; Pandemics; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Patient-Centered Care; Pelargonium; Peptides; Perception; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Peroxides; Pets; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Phenobarbital; Phenols; Phenotype; Phosphates; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphines; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoacoustic Techniques; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phylogeny; Phytoestrogens; Pilot Projects; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plant Immunity; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum; Platelet Activation; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia, Viral; Poaceae; Pogostemon; Poloxamer; Poly I; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Polycyclic Compounds; Polyethylene Glycols; Polylysine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Population Dynamics; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Postoperative Complications; Postprandial Period; Potassium Cyanide; Predictive Value of Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prepulse Inhibition; Prevalence; Procalcitonin; Prodrugs; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proline; Proof of Concept Study; Prospective Studies; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Protein Folding; Protein Multimerization; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Protozoan Proteins; Psychometrics; Pulse Wave Analysis; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quality of Life; Quantum Dots; Quinoxalines; Quorum Sensing; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rain; Random Allocation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, PAR-1; Receptors, CXCR4; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Interleukin-17; Receptors, Notch; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reducing Agents; Reflex, Startle; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rituximab; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rosmarinic Acid; Running; Ruthenium; Rutin; Sarcolemma; Sarcoma; Sarcopenia; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; SARS-CoV-2; Scavenger Receptors, Class A; Schools; Seasons; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Shock, Cardiogenic; Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases; Signal Transduction; Silver; Singlet Oxygen; Sinusitis; Skin; Skin Absorption; Small Molecule Libraries; Smoke; Socioeconomic Factors; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solid Phase Extraction; Solubility; Solvents; Spain; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Speech; Speech Perception; Spindle Poles; Spleen; Sporothrix; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stereoisomerism; Stomach Neoplasms; Stress, Physiological; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonamides; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature; Tenofovir; Terpenes; Tetracycline; Tetrapleura; Textiles; Thermodynamics; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thrombin; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Toluidines; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth; Tramadol; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection; Transgender Persons; Translations; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; United Kingdom; United States; Up-Regulation; Vascular Stiffness; Veins; Ventricular Remodeling; Viral Load; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication; Vitis; Voice; Voice Quality; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Weather; Wildfires; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; X-Ray Diffraction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult; Zoogloea

2022
Crosstalk between abscisic acid and nitric oxide under heat stress: exploring new vantage points.
    Plant cell reports, 2021, Volume: 40, Issue:8

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Adaptation, Physiological; Antioxidants; Betaine; Enzymes; Heat-Shock Response; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen Sulfide; Nitric Oxide; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Plant Proteins; Proline; Signal Transduction

2021
Using Exogenous Melatonin, Glutathione, Proline, and Glycine Betaine Treatments to Combat Abiotic Stresses in Crops.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Oct-26, Volume: 23, Issue:21

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Glutathione; Melatonin; Proline; Stress, Physiological

2022

Trials

3 trial(s) available for betaine and proline

ArticleYear
Effects of orange juice and proline betaine on glycine betaine and homocysteine in healthy male subjects.
    European journal of nutrition, 2007, Volume: 46, Issue:8

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Area Under Curve; Betaine; Beverages; Citrus sinensis; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Homocysteine; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Proline

2007
Quantitative assessment of betainized compounds and associations with dietary and metabolic biomarkers in the randomized study of the healthy Nordic diet (SYSDIET).
    The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019, 11-01, Volume: 110, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaine; Biomarkers; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Female; Humans; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Pipecolic Acids; Proline; Whole Grains

2019
    Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health, 2022, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genitalia; Genotype; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Glottis; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucuronides; Glutathione Transferase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Grassland; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Head Kidney; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Septum; HEK293 Cells; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Hemodynamics; Hep G2 Cells; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hesperidin; High-Frequency Ventilation; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; Hippocampus; Hirudins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; HIV Infections; Homeostasis; Hominidae; Housing, Animal; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Immunoconjugates; Immunogenic Cell Death; Indoles; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infrared Rays; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections, Intravenous; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Intermediate Filaments; Intermittent Claudication; Intestine, Small; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Iron; Isomerism; Isotope Labeling; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ketoprofen; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lactobacillus; Lactulose; Lakes; Lamivudine; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Laryngoscopy; Leucine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid A; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lupinus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Machine Learning; Macular Degeneration; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Magnetic Phenomena; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetics; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mannans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mass Spectrometry; Melatonin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Meniscectomy; Menisci, Tibial; Mephenytoin; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metal Nanoparticles; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcirculation; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Video; Microtubules; Microvascular Density; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Models, Animal; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Models, Theoretical; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Morus; Mouth Floor; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Naphthols; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Neisseria meningitidis; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroblastoma; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; New York; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nicotine; Nitriles; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Fixation; North America; Observer Variation; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Oils, Volatile; Olea; Oligosaccharides; Omeprazole; Open Field Test; Optimism; Oregon; Oryzias; Osmolar Concentration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Ozone; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pakistan; Pandemics; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Patient-Centered Care; Pelargonium; Peptides; Perception; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Peroxides; Pets; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Phenobarbital; Phenols; Phenotype; Phosphates; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphines; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoacoustic Techniques; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phylogeny; Phytoestrogens; Pilot Projects; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plant Immunity; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum; Platelet Activation; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia, Viral; Poaceae; Pogostemon; Poloxamer; Poly I; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Polycyclic Compounds; Polyethylene Glycols; Polylysine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Population Dynamics; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Postoperative Complications; Postprandial Period; Potassium Cyanide; Predictive Value of Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prepulse Inhibition; Prevalence; Procalcitonin; Prodrugs; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proline; Proof of Concept Study; Prospective Studies; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Protein Folding; Protein Multimerization; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Protozoan Proteins; Psychometrics; Pulse Wave Analysis; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quality of Life; Quantum Dots; Quinoxalines; Quorum Sensing; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rain; Random Allocation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, PAR-1; Receptors, CXCR4; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Interleukin-17; Receptors, Notch; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reducing Agents; Reflex, Startle; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rituximab; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rosmarinic Acid; Running; Ruthenium; Rutin; Sarcolemma; Sarcoma; Sarcopenia; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; SARS-CoV-2; Scavenger Receptors, Class A; Schools; Seasons; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Shock, Cardiogenic; Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases; Signal Transduction; Silver; Singlet Oxygen; Sinusitis; Skin; Skin Absorption; Small Molecule Libraries; Smoke; Socioeconomic Factors; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solid Phase Extraction; Solubility; Solvents; Spain; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Speech; Speech Perception; Spindle Poles; Spleen; Sporothrix; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stereoisomerism; Stomach Neoplasms; Stress, Physiological; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonamides; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature; Tenofovir; Terpenes; Tetracycline; Tetrapleura; Textiles; Thermodynamics; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thrombin; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Toluidines; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth; Tramadol; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection; Transgender Persons; Translations; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; United Kingdom; United States; Up-Regulation; Vascular Stiffness; Veins; Ventricular Remodeling; Viral Load; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication; Vitis; Voice; Voice Quality; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Weather; Wildfires; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; X-Ray Diffraction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult; Zoogloea

2022

Other Studies

222 other study(ies) available for betaine and proline

ArticleYear
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses of substrates of the human proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (hPAT1).
    Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2011, Nov-01, Volume: 19, Issue:21

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Caco-2 Cells; Endocytosis; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Symporters

2011
The effects of sodium arsenate on the free amino acid levels in erythrocytes and plasma in rats.
    Chemico-biological interactions, 1979, Volume: 28, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Arsenates; Arsenic; Aspartic Acid; Betaine; Circadian Rhythm; Erythrocytes; Female; Glutamine; Glycine; Hydroxyproline; Isoleucine; Leucine; Male; Ornithine; Proline; Rats; Serine; Sex Factors; Starvation; Taurine; Valine

1979
An assessment of quaternary ammonium and related compounds as osmotic effectors in crop plants.
    Basic life sciences, 1979, Volume: 14

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Glycine; Osmotic Pressure; Plants, Edible; Proline; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Sodium

1979
Modulation by betaine of cellular responses to osmotic stress.
    The Biochemical journal, 1992, Feb-15, Volume: 282 ( Pt 1)

    Topics: 3T3 Cells; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Cell Division; Cell Line, Transformed; Glycerol; Hypertonic Solutions; Kinetics; Mice; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Biosynthesis; Simian virus 40; Taurine

1992
[Survival of Salmonella paratyphi B and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in seawater after incubation or washing in the presence of osmolytes].
    Canadian journal of microbiology, 1992, Volume: 38, Issue:7

    Topics: Betaine; Choline; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salmonella paratyphi B; Seawater; Water Microbiology

1992
Induction of melanin biosynthesis in Vibrio cholerae.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1992, Volume: 58, Issue:9

    Topics: Betaine; Culture Media; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Melanins; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Temperature; Vibrio cholerae

1992
Effect of sodium chloride on the intracellular solute pools of Listeria monocytogenes.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1992, Volume: 58, Issue:12

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Betaine; Glycine; Intracellular Fluid; Listeria monocytogenes; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Sodium Chloride

1992
Glycine betaine transport by Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for two transport systems and for their possible roles in osmoregulation.
    Journal of general microbiology, 1992, Volume: 138, Issue:12

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Chloromercuribenzoates; Glucose; Kinetics; Osmotic Pressure; p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid; Proline; Staphylococcus aureus; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1992
Origins of the osmoprotective properties of betaine and proline in Escherichia coli K-12.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1992, Volume: 174, Issue:5

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Cell Division; Choline; Culture Media; Cytoplasm; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Models, Biological; Morpholines; Osmosis; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Trehalose

1992
Staphylococcus aureus osmoregulation: roles for choline, glycine betaine, proline, and taurine.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1992, Volume: 174, Issue:8

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Choline; Potassium; Proline; Staphylococcus aureus; Taurine; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1992
Rationalization of the effects of compatible solutes on protein stability in terms of thermodynamic nonideality.
    Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 1992, Volume: 296, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Drug Stability; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Mathematics; Models, Theoretical; Proline; Protein Conformation; Ribonucleases; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Thermodynamics

1992
Identification of two proline transport systems in Staphylococcus aureus and their possible roles in osmoregulation.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1992, Volume: 58, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Kinetics; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Staphylococcus aureus; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1992
Escherichia coli accumulates the eukaryotic osmolyte taurine at high osmolarity.
    FEMS microbiology letters, 1991, Jun-15, Volume: 65, Issue:2

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Culture Media; Escherichia coli; Kinetics; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Proline; Sulfates; Taurine

1991
The effect of hydration stress solutes on the phase behavior of hydrated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1991, Jul-01, Volume: 1066, Issue:1

    Topics: 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; Amines; Betaine; Calorimetry; Glycine; Hydroxyproline; Proline; Solutions; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Trehalose; Water

1991
The effects of osmotic upshock on the intracellular solute pools of Bacillus subtilis.
    Journal of general microbiology, 1990, Volume: 136, Issue:12

    Topics: Amino Acids; Bacillus subtilis; Betaine; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Sodium Chloride

1990
Uptake of glycine betaine and its analogues by bacteroids of Rhizobium meliloti.
    Journal of general microbiology, 1990, Volume: 136, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Choline; Medicago sativa; Osmolar Concentration; Oxygen Consumption; Proline; Rhizobium; Sodium Chloride

1990
Insertion proQ220::Tn5 alters regulation of proline porter II, a transporter of proline and glycine betaine in Escherichia coli.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1989, Volume: 171, Issue:2

    Topics: Alleles; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Betaine; Biological Transport; DNA Transposable Elements; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mutation; Phenotype; Proline; Transcription, Genetic

1989
Osmoregulation in Escherichia coli: complementation analysis and gene-protein relationships in the proU locus.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1989, Volume: 171, Issue:4

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Operon; Proline; Restriction Mapping; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1989
Energy coupling to periplasmic binding protein-dependent transport systems: stoichiometry of ATP hydrolysis during transport in vivo.
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1989, Volume: 86, Issue:21

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Chemotactic Factors; Chemotaxis; Energy Metabolism; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genotype; Glycine; Hydrolysis; Maltose; Maltose-Binding Proteins; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Mutation; Periplasmic Binding Proteins; Proline

1989
Rapid response to osmotic upshift by osmoregulated genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1988, Volume: 170, Issue:2

    Topics: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Cloning, Molecular; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Bacterial; Glycine; Osmolar Concentration; Porins; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Sodium Chloride; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic

1988
Osmoregulation in Escherichia coli by accumulation of organic osmolytes: betaines, glutamic acid, and trehalose.
    Archives of microbiology, 1987, Volume: 147, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Carnitine; Culture Media; Disaccharides; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Trehalose; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1987
Regulation of envelope protein composition during adaptation to osmotic stress in Escherichia coli.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1986, Volume: 167, Issue:2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Escherichia coli; Molecular Weight; Porins; Proline; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1986
Purification and characterization of a glycine betaine binding protein from Escherichia coli.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1987, Aug-25, Volume: 262, Issue:24

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genes; Genes, Bacterial; Membrane Transport Proteins; Molecular Weight; Osmolar Concentration; Periplasmic Binding Proteins; Plasmids; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Subcellular Fractions

1987
Osmoprotective activity for Escherichia coli in mammalian renal inner medulla and urine. Correlation of glycine and proline betaines and sorbitol with response to osmotic loads.
    The Journal of clinical investigation, 1987, Volume: 80, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cattle; Diuresis; Dogs; Escherichia coli; Fasting; Kidney Medulla; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Sodium Chloride; Sorbitol; Swine; Urine; Water Deprivation

1987
Osmotic regulation of transcription: induction of the proU betaine transport gene is dependent on accumulation of intracellular potassium.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1986, Volume: 168, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Bacterial; Mutation; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Transcription, Genetic

1986
Molecular cloning of an osmoregulatory locus in Escherichia coli: increased proU gene dosage results in enhanced osmotolerance.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1986, Volume: 168, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Cloning, Molecular; Culture Media; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Osmotic Pressure; Plasmids; Proline

1986
Isolation of glycine betaine and proline betaine from human urine. Assessment of their role as osmoprotective agents for bacteria and the kidney.
    The Journal of clinical investigation, 1987, Volume: 79, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Escherichia coli; Humans; Kidney; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sodium Chloride

1987
Salmonella typhimurium proP gene encodes a transport system for the osmoprotectant betaine.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1985, Volume: 164, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Gene Expression Regulation; Kinetics; Membrane Transport Proteins; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic

1985
Osmoregulation of gene expression in Salmonella typhimurium: proU encodes an osmotically induced betaine transport system.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1985, Volume: 164, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Chromosome Mapping; Gene Expression Regulation; Kinetics; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1985
The osmoprotective properties of urine for bacteria: the protective effect of betaine and human urine against low pH and high concentrations of electrolytes, sugars, and urea.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 1985, Volume: 152, Issue:6

    Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Betaine; Carbohydrates; Choline; Culture Media; Electrolytes; Enterobacter; Escherichia coli; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Klebsiella; Lactams; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Serratia; Sodium Chloride; Urea; Urine

1985
Effects of three stabilizing agents--proline, betaine, and trehalose--on membrane phospholipids.
    Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 1986, Feb-15, Volume: 245, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Disaccharides; Membrane Lipids; Models, Molecular; Phospholipids; Pressure; Proline; Thermodynamics; Trehalose

1986
[Amino acid levels in the blood serum of patients with chronic colitis].
    Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1974, Volume: 46, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Betaine; Chronic Disease; Citrulline; Colitis; Glutamates; Glutamine; Glycine; Histidine; Humans; Middle Aged; Ornithine; Phenylalanine; Proline; Serine; Taurine; Threonine; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Urea

1974
Transport pathway for glycine betaine in rat kidney cortex in vitro.
    The Biochemical journal, 1970, Volume: 118, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carbon Isotopes; Dinitrophenols; Female; Glycine; Hydroxyproline; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Lysine; Proline; Rats

1970
Transport pathway for glycine betaine in rabbit kidney in vivo.
    The Biochemical journal, 1970, Volume: 118, Issue:2

    Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Chromatography; Creatinine; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Kidney; Male; Proline; Rabbits

1970
Patterns of neutral amino acid uptake along rat small intestine.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1971, Feb-02, Volume: 225, Issue:2

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carbon Isotopes; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Leucine; Male; Methionine; Proline; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical

1971
The development of structure and transport systems of the fetal rabbit intestine.
    Developmental biology, 1965, Volume: 12, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Chromatography, Paper; Fetus; Glycosides; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Lysine; Methionine; Microscopy, Electron; Proline; Rabbits; Valine

1965
Amino acid transport by the small intestine of the rat. The existence and specificity of the transport mechanism of imino acids and its relation to the transport of glycine.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1966, May-12, Volume: 120, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Glycine; Hydroxyproline; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Proline; Rats; Threonine

1966
Development of structure and function in the mammalian yolk sac. 3. The development of amino acid transport by rabbit yolk sac.
    Developmental biology, 1966, Volume: 13, Issue:3

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Fetus; Glycine; Glycosides; In Vitro Techniques; Inulin; Isoleucine; Lysine; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Methionine; Phenylalanine; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Proline; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rabbits; Valine

1966
Osmoregulation in Klebsiella pneumoniae: enhancement of anaerobic growth and nitrogen fixation under stress by proline betaine, gamma-butyrobetaine, and other related compounds.
    Canadian journal of microbiology, 1984, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Topics: Anaerobiosis; Betaine; Carnitine; Humans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Nitrogen Fixation; Nitrogenase; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Stimulation, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1984
Characterization of a chimeric proU operon in a subtilin-producing mutant of Bacillus subtilis 168.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1995, Volume: 177, Issue:23

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport Systems; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteriocins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Escherichia coli; Molecular Sequence Data; Open Reading Frames; Operon; Osmotic Pressure; Peptides; Proline; Recombination, Genetic; Sequence Deletion; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1995
The ftsH gene of Bacillus subtilis is transiently induced after osmotic and temperature upshift.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1995, Volume: 177, Issue:14

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Cell Division; Enzyme Induction; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Reporter; Hot Temperature; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA, Antisense; RNA, Messenger; Sodium Chloride; Transcription, Genetic; Trehalose

1995
Proline betaine is a highly effective osmoprotectant for Staphylococcus aureus.
    Archives of microbiology, 1995, Volume: 163, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis

1995
Glycine betaine transport by Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for feedback regulation of the activity of the two transport systems.
    Microbiology (Reading, England), 1994, Volume: 140 ( Pt 11)

    Topics: Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Feedback; Mutation; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Staphylococcus aureus

1994
Isolation and characterization of adenylate kinase (adk) mutations in Salmonella typhimurium which block the ability of glycine betaine to function as an osmoprotectant.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1995, Volume: 177, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenylate Kinase; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Betaine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1995
The osmoprotectant proline betaine is a major substrate for the binding-protein-dependent transport system ProU of Escherichia coli K-12.
    Molecular & general genetics : MGG, 1995, Mar-20, Volume: 246, Issue:6

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Gene Deletion; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Protein Binding; Symporters

1995
The accumulation of glutamate is necessary for optimal growth of Salmonella typhimurium in media of high osmolality but not induction of the proU operon.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1994, Volume: 176, Issue:20

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mutation; Operon; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Biosynthesis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Salmonella typhimurium; Transcription, Genetic

1994
Transport of glycine-betaine by Listeria monocytogenes.
    Archives of microbiology, 1994, Volume: 162, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Electrochemistry; Kinetics; Listeria monocytogenes; Membrane Potentials; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sodium Chloride

1994
Two different Escherichia coli proP promoters respond to osmotic and growth phase signals.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1995, Volume: 177, Issue:1

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; DNA Mutational Analysis; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Deletion; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Sigma Factor; Signal Transduction; Transcription, Genetic

1995
Effect of exogenous proline, betaine, and carnitine on growth of Listeria monocytogenes in a minimal medium.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1994, Volume: 60, Issue:4

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Carnitine; Culture Media; Food Microbiology; Listeria monocytogenes; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Temperature

1994
Effects of particulate materials and osmoprotectants on very-high-gravity ethanolic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1994, Volume: 60, Issue:5

    Topics: Betaine; Culture Media; Ethanol; Fermentation; Glucose; Glycine; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Solubility

1994
Glycine betaine and proline betaine in human blood and urine.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1994, Aug-18, Volume: 1200, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Betaine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Proline; Rabbits; Reference Values

1994
Osmoprotective compounds in the Plumbaginaceae: a natural experiment in metabolic engineering of stress tolerance.
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994, Jan-04, Volume: 91, Issue:1

    Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Betaine; Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Blotting, Western; Escherichia coli; Mass Spectrometry; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Proline; Salmonella typhimurium; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1994
Betaine transport in rabbit renal brush-border membrane vesicles.
    The American journal of physiology, 1993, Volume: 264, Issue:6 Pt 2

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Membrane Potentials; Microvilli; Models, Biological; Proline; Rabbits; Time Factors

1993
Characteristics and osmoregulatory roles of uptake systems for proline and glycine betaine in Lactococcus lactis.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1993, Volume: 175, Issue:17

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Culture Media; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lactococcus lactis; Mutation; Potassium Chloride; Proline; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1993
Identification of a high-affinity glycine betaine transport system in Staphylococcus aureus.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1993, Volume: 59, Issue:8

    Topics: Betaine; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport, Active; Kinetics; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Staphylococcus aureus

1993
Effect of novel compound, 1-methyl-1-piperidino methane sulfonate (MPMS), on the osmoprotectant activity of glycine betaine, choline and L-proline in Escherichia coli.
    Archives of microbiology, 1993, Volume: 160, Issue:2

    Topics: Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Betaine; Biological Transport; Choline; Escherichia coli; Mesylates; Piperidines; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1993
Molecular characterization of four pharmacologically distinct gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters in mouse brain [corrected].
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1993, Jan-25, Volume: 268, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; beta-Alanine; Betaine; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carrier Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Nipecotic Acids; Oocytes; Organ Specificity; Organic Anion Transporters; Proline; RNA, Messenger; Taurine; Xenopus

1993
Isolation and sequencing of Escherichia coli gene proP reveals unusual structural features of the osmoregulatory proline/betaine transporter, ProP.
    Journal of molecular biology, 1993, Jan-05, Volume: 229, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Molecular Sequence Data; Proline; Protein Structure, Secondary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Symporters

1993
Effects of betaines and urine on the antibacterial activity of aminoglycosides.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1993, Volume: 31, Issue:4

    Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Betaine; Culture Media; Drug Interactions; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia coli; Gentamicins; Glucose Solution, Hypertonic; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Osmolar Concentration; Polymers; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Urea

1993
Characterization of the Erwinia chrysanthemi osmoprotectant transporter gene ousA.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1996, Volume: 178, Issue:2

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids, Diamino; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Culture Media; Dickeya chrysanthemi; DNA-Binding Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Glucuronidase; Membrane Transport Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Nuclear Proteins; Osmolar Concentration; Pipecolic Acids; Proline; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sigma Factor; Symporters

1996
Osmotic regulation of intracellular solute pools in Lactobacillus plantarum.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1996, Volume: 178, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Biological Transport; Glycine; Lactobacillus; Potassium; Proline; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1996
Improvement of motility and fertilization potential of postthaw human sperm using glutamine.
    Cryobiology, 1996, Volume: 33, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cricetinae; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Glutamine; Glycerol; Histidine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesocricetus; Proline; Solutions; Sperm Motility; Sperm-Ovum Interactions; Spermatozoa

1996
Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to proline analogues during osmotic stress and anaerobiosis.
    Letters in applied microbiology, 1996, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Anaerobiosis; Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Betaine; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Stability; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Thiazoles; Thiazolidines; Urinary Tract Infections

1996
Use of immobilized bacteria to treat industrial wastewater containing a chlorinated pyridinol.
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 1997, Volume: 47, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioreactors; Industrial Waste; Proline; Pseudomonas; Pyridones; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Pollutants, Chemical

1997
Characterization of an NaCl-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus mutant and rescue of the NaCl-sensitive phenotype by glycine betaine but not by other compatible solutes.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 1997, Volume: 63, Issue:5

    Topics: Amino Acids; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Blotting, Southern; Choline; DNA Transposable Elements; DNA, Bacterial; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Lac Operon; Microscopy, Electron; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Staphylococcus aureus

1997
Accumulation of natural and synthetic betaines by a mammalian renal cell line.
    Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire, 1996, Volume: 74, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Betaine; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Cations; Cell Line; Dogs; Drug Design; Epithelium; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Hypertonic Solutions; Intracellular Fluid; Kidney Medulla; Molecular Structure; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Species Specificity

1996
DNA helix destabilization by proline and betaine: possible role in the salinity tolerance process.
    FEBS letters, 1997, Jun-30, Volume: 410, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Bacteriophage lambda; Betaine; Cattle; Deoxyribonuclease I; DNA; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Spermine

1997
Isolation of the putP gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum and characterization of a low-affinity uptake system for compatible solutes.
    Archives of microbiology, 1997, Volume: 168, Issue:2

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Corynebacterium; Escherichia coli; Gene Deletion; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Genomic Library; Membrane Transport Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proline; Protein Biosynthesis; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Symporters; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1997
Efflux of compatible solutes in Corynebacterium glutamicum mediated by osmoregulated channel activity.
    European journal of biochemistry, 1997, Jul-15, Volume: 247, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Diamino; Betaine; Corynebacterium; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Homeostasis; Hypotonic Solutions; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Lysine; Membrane Potentials; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Proline; Sodium

1997
Visual and chemical release of feeding behavior in adult rainbow trout.
    Chemical senses, 1997, Volume: 22, Issue:4

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arginine; Betaine; Bites and Stings; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Feeding Behavior; Glycine; Leucine; Movement; Olfactory Pathways; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Photic Stimulation; Proline; Propionates; Reproducibility of Results; Stimulation, Chemical; Swimming; Taste; Valine

1997
Glycine betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis: characterization of an enzyme required for the synthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine.
    Archives of microbiology, 1997, Volume: 168, Issue:4

    Topics: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Amino Acids; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Chromatography, Agarose; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Culture Media; Gene Expression; Kinetics; NAD; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Plasmids; Potassium Chloride; Proline; Recombinant Proteins; Recombination, Genetic; Sodium Chloride; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1997
Possible link between a 35 kDa membrane protein and osmolyte transport in Staphylococcus aureus.
    Letters in applied microbiology, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Weight; Proline; Staphylococcus aureus; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1998
Multiple effects of trehalose on protein folding in vitro and in vivo.
    Molecular cell, 1998, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Coleoptera; Fluorescence Polarization; Fungal Proteins; Genes, Reporter; Glucose; Glycerol; Heat-Shock Proteins; Luciferases; Maltose; Mannitol; Molecular Chaperones; Proline; Protein Folding; Sorbitol; Sucrose; Temperature; Trehalose; Yeasts

1998
Osmoregulation of the opuE proline transport gene from Bacillus subtilis: contributions of the sigma A- and sigma B-dependent stress-responsive promoters.
    Molecular microbiology, 1998, Volume: 29, Issue:1

    Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Biological Transport; Blotting, Northern; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Lipotropic Agents; Molecular Sequence Data; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Sigma Factor; Transcription, Genetic; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1998
Mechanism of osmotic activation of the quaternary ammonium compound transporter (QacT) of Lactobacillus plantarum.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1998, Volume: 180, Issue:21

    Topics: Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Kinetics; Lactobacillus; Mutation; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

1998
Corynebacterium glutamicum is equipped with four secondary carriers for compatible solutes: identification, sequencing, and characterization of the proline/ectoine uptake system, ProP, and the ectoine/proline/glycine betaine carrier, EctP.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1998, Volume: 180, Issue:22

    Topics: Amino Acids, Diamino; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Corynebacterium; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glycine; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Proline; Symporters; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1998
The endogenous choline supply limits glycine betaine synthesis in transgenic tobacco expressing choline monooxygenase.
    The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 1998, Volume: 16, Issue:4

    Topics: Betaine; Choline; Kinetics; Nicotiana; Osmolar Concentration; Oxygenases; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Plants, Genetically Modified; Plants, Toxic; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Spinacia oleracea

1998
Elevated glycine betaine excretion in diabetes mellitus patients is associated with proximal tubular dysfunction and hyperglycemia.
    Diabetes research and clinical practice, 1999, Volume: 43, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alkaloids; Betaine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Middle Aged; Proline

1999
Effect of compatible solutes and diluent composition on the post-thaw motility of ram sperm.
    Reproduction, fertility, and development, 1998, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cryopreservation; Egg Yolk; Fertility; Glycerol; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Proline; Sheep; Solutions; Specimen Handling; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Trehalose; Tromethamine

1998
The ion coupling and organic substrate specificities of osmoregulatory transporter ProP in Escherichia coli.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1999, Aug-20, Volume: 1420, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Choline; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ion Transport; Kinetics; Potassium; Proline; Symporters; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1999
Compatibility of osmolytes with Gibbs energy of stabilization of proteins.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2000, Jan-03, Volume: 1476, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Cytochrome c Group; Glycine; Muramidase; Myoglobin; Proline; Protein Denaturation; Proteins; Ribonucleases; Sarcosine; Temperature; Thermodynamics

2000
Reabsorption of betaine in Henle's loops of rat kidney in vivo.
    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2000, Volume: 278, Issue:3

    Topics: Absorption; Animals; Betaine; Diuresis; Kidney Tubules, Distal; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Kinetics; Loop of Henle; Male; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcosine

2000
Osmoprotectants and cryoprotectants for Listeria monocytogenes.
    Letters in applied microbiology, 2000, Volume: 30, Issue:1

    Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Betaine; Carnitine; Cold Temperature; Cryoprotective Agents; Culture Media; Food Microbiology; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Sulfonium Compounds

2000
Effects of glutamine, proline, histidine and betaine on post-thaw motility of stallion spermatozoa.
    Theriogenology, 1999, Jul-01, Volume: 52, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Egg Yolk; Glutamine; Glycerol; Histidine; Horses; Male; Proline; Semen Preservation; Sperm Motility

1999
Vapor pressure osmometry studies of osmolyte-protein interactions: implications for the action of osmoprotectants in vivo and for the interpretation of "osmotic stress" experiments in vitro.
    Biochemistry, 2000, Apr-18, Volume: 39, Issue:15

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biopolymers; Cattle; Cell Division; Cytoplasm; Dialysis; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glycerol; Methylamines; Osmolar Concentration; Pressure; Proline; Serum Albumin; Solutions; Thermodynamics; Trehalose; Water

2000
Characterization of a Snorhizobium meliloti ATP-binding cassette histidine transporter also involved in betaine and proline uptake.
    Journal of bacteriology, 2000, Volume: 182, Issue:13

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport Systems; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Chromosome Mapping; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Bacterial; Histidine; Molecular Sequence Data; Operon; Periplasmic Binding Proteins; Proline; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sinorhizobium meliloti; Symbiosis

2000
Stress responses in two genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) under NaCl salinity.
    Indian journal of experimental biology, 2000, Volume: 38, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Biomass; Cell Membrane; Genotype; Malondialdehyde; Proline; Rosales; Sodium Chloride

2000
Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the periplasmic binding protein ProX from Escherichia coli.
    Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography, 2001, Volume: 57, Issue:Pt 3

    Topics: Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli; Proline; Protein Conformation

2001
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two kinds of betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase in betaine-accumulating mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh.
    Plant molecular biology, 2001, Volume: 45, Issue:3

    Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Amino Acid Sequence; Betaine; Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Calcium Chloride; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Stability; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Hot Temperature; Isoenzymes; Molecular Sequence Data; Osmolar Concentration; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygenases; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Potassium Chloride; Proline; RNA, Messenger; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sodium Chloride; Species Specificity; Spinacia oleracea; Substrate Specificity; Tissue Distribution

2001
Mitochondrial adaptations to NaCl. Complex I is protected by anti-oxidants and small heat shock proteins, whereas complex II is protected by proline and betaine.
    Plant physiology, 2001, Volume: 126, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Antioxidants; Betaine; Catalase; Electron Transport; Electron Transport Complex I; Electron Transport Complex II; Heat-Shock Proteins; Mitochondria; Multienzyme Complexes; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Superoxide Dismutase; Zea mays

2001
Chemical chaperones regulate molecular chaperones in vitro and in cells under combined salt and heat stresses.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2001, Oct-26, Volume: 276, Issue:43

    Topics: Adaptation, Biological; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Chaperonin 60; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glycerol; Heat-Shock Proteins; Hot Temperature; HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Malate Dehydrogenase; Molecular Chaperones; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Salts; Trehalose; Urea; Viscosity

2001
Effects of osmoprotectant compounds on NCAM polysialylation under hyperosmotic stress and elevated pCO(2).
    Biotechnology and bioengineering, 2002, Feb-15, Volume: 77, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carbon Dioxide; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Glycosylation; Lipotropic Agents; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Sialic Acids

2002
Functional characterization of betaine/proline transporters in betaine-accumulating mangrove.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2002, May-24, Volume: 277, Issue:21

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Proline; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Trees

2002
Humectant permeability influences growth and compatible solute uptake by Staphylococcus aureus subjected to osmotic stress.
    Journal of food protection, 2002, Volume: 65, Issue:6

    Topics: Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cryoprotective Agents; Glycerol; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Permeability; Population Density; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Staphylococcus aureus; Sucrose; Water

2002
Salt-tolerant mutants in glycophytic salinity response (GSR) genes in Catharanthus roseus.
    TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik, 2003, Volume: 106, Issue:2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alleles; Betaine; Catharanthus; Crosses, Genetic; Genes, Plant; Genotype; Homozygote; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Phenotype; Proline; Seeds; Sodium Chloride

2003
Method enabling firefly luciferase-based bioluminometric assays at elevated temperatures.
    Analytical biochemistry, 2003, Mar-01, Volume: 314, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biosensing Techniques; Coleoptera; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Stability; Hot Temperature; Luciferases; Luminescent Measurements; Proline; Sensitivity and Specificity; Trehalose

2003
Potential osmoprotectants for the lactic acid bacteria Pediococcus pentosaceus and Tetragenococcus halophila.
    International journal of food microbiology, 2003, Jul-15, Volume: 84, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Carnitine; Choline; Food Microbiology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Pediococcus; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Sulfonium Compounds

2003
Studies on the mechanism of the osmoresistance of spores of Bacillus subtilis.
    Journal of applied microbiology, 2003, Volume: 95, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acids; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Culture Media; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Mutation; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Denaturation; Sodium Chloride; Spores, Bacterial; Temperature

2003
Cation-pi interactions as determinants for binding of the compatible solutes glycine betaine and proline betaine by the periplasmic ligand-binding protein ProX from Escherichia coli.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2004, Feb-13, Volume: 279, Issue:7

    Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biochemistry; Carbon; Cations; Crystallography, X-Ray; Disulfides; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Ligands; Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Periplasmic Binding Proteins; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Tryptophan

2004
Thermoprotection of Bacillus subtilis by exogenously provided glycine betaine and structurally related compatible solutes: involvement of Opu transporters.
    Journal of bacteriology, 2004, Volume: 186, Issue:6

    Topics: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Culture Media; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Response; Hot Temperature; Molecular Sequence Data; Proline

2004
Transgenic tobacco plants accumulating osmolytes show reduced oxidative damage under freezing stress.
    Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2004, Volume: 42, Issue:1

    Topics: Acclimatization; Betaine; Catalase; Electrolytes; Freezing; Fructans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Nicotiana; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Plant Leaves; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proline; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2004
Structural basis for the binding of compatible solutes by ProX from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2004, Nov-12, Volume: 279, Issue:46

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Archaeal Proteins; Archaeoglobus fulgidus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli Proteins; Hot Temperature; Ligands; Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Structure; Periplasmic Binding Proteins; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sequence Alignment

2004
LcoP, an osmoregulated betaine/ectoine uptake system from Corynebacterium glutamicum.
    FEBS letters, 2004, Aug-27, Volume: 573, Issue:1-3

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids, Diamino; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Corynebacterium; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; RNA; Sodium Chloride; Sorbitol

2004
Is osmotic adjustment required for water stress resistance in the Mediterranean shrub Atriplex halimus L?
    Journal of plant physiology, 2004, Volume: 161, Issue:9

    Topics: Adaptation, Biological; Atriplex; Betaine; Carbohydrates; Mediterranean Region; Osmosis; Plant Leaves; Proline; Soil; Water

2004
Activity regulation of the betaine transporter BetP of Corynebacterium glutamicum in response to osmotic compensation.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2004, Dec-15, Volume: 1667, Issue:2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Cell Size; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Escherichia coli; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Kinetics; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Proline; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2004
Effect of osmolytes on the interaction of flavin adenine dinucleotide with muscle glycogen phosphorylase b.
    Biophysical chemistry, 2005, Jan-01, Volume: 113, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Glycogen Phosphorylase, Muscle Form; Methylamines; Osmolar Concentration; Phosphorylase b; Proline; Protein Binding; Rabbits

2005
The AtProT family. Compatible solute transporters with similar substrate specificity but differential expression patterns.
    Plant physiology, 2005, Volume: 137, Issue:1

    Topics: Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Multigene Family; Nicotiana; Phylogeny; Proline; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Substrate Specificity

2005
Substrate specificity and functional characterisation of the H+/amino acid transporter rat PAT2 (Slc36a2).
    British journal of pharmacology, 2005, Volume: 144, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Female; Glycine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microinjections; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Proline; Protons; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Substrate Specificity; Symporters; Xenopus laevis

2005
[Variation of betaine and proline contents in wheat seedlings under salt stress].
    Zhi wu sheng li yu fen zi sheng wu xue xue bao = Journal of plant physiology and molecular biology, 2005, Volume: 31, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Proline; Seedlings; Sodium Chloride; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Triticum

2005
Regeneration of cryoresistance of in vitro rumen ciliate cultures.
    Cryobiology, 2005, Volume: 51, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Ciliophora; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Freezing; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol; Insulin; Linoleic Acid; Proline; Rumen; Sheep; Trichostomatida

2005
Modulation of nitrate reductase activity in rice seedlings under aluminium toxicity and water stress: role of osmolytes as enzyme protectant.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2005, Volume: 162, Issue:8

    Topics: Aluminum; Betaine; Dehydration; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Hydrogen Peroxide; Metals; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrate Reductases; Nitrates; Oryza; Polyethylene Glycols; Proline; Seedlings; Sodium Chloride; Sucrose; Water

2005
Exogenously supplied compatible solutes rapidly ameliorate NaCl-induced potassium efflux from barley roots.
    Plant & cell physiology, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:12

    Topics: Betaine; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Homeostasis; Hordeum; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Oxidative Stress; Plant Roots; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Proline; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Protons; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Time Factors

2005
Effect of individual amino acids and glucose on activation and germination of Rhizopus oligosporus sporangiospores in tempe starter.
    Journal of applied microbiology, 2005, Volume: 99, Issue:5

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Betaine; Colony Count, Microbial; Culture Media; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Germination; Glucose; Glycine max; Isoleucine; Leucine; Phosphates; Proline; Rhizopus; Spores, Fungal

2005
Influence of osmolytes on inactivation and aggregation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b by guanidine hydrochloride. Stimulation of protein aggregation under crowding conditions.
    Biochemistry. Biokhimiia, 2005, Volume: 70, Issue:9

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycine; Glycogen Phosphorylase, Muscle Form; Guanidine; Kinetics; Methylamines; Muscle, Skeletal; Proline; Rabbits

2005
AtGAT1, a high affinity transporter for gamma-aminobutyric acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2006, Mar-17, Volume: 281, Issue:11

    Topics: Animals; Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Betaine; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Butylamines; Cell Membrane; Cellular Senescence; Chlorophyll; DNA; Electrophysiology; Escherichia coli; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genetic Complementation Test; Glycine; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Nicotiana; Oocytes; Phylogeny; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Biosynthesis; Protoplasts; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Substrate Specificity; Wound Healing; Xenopus

2006
Influence of membrane composition on osmosensing by the betaine carrier BetP from Corynebacterium glutamicum.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2006, Mar-24, Volume: 281, Issue:12

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Betaine; Biological Transport; Blotting, Western; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Kinetics; Lipids; Liposomes; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Oligonucleotides; Osmosis; Phosphatidylglycerols; Phospholipids; Plasmids; Potassium; Proline; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Symporters

2006
Molecular determinants for substrate specificity of the ligand-binding protein OpuAC from Bacillus subtilis for the compatible solutes glycine betaine and proline betaine.
    Journal of molecular biology, 2006, Mar-24, Volume: 357, Issue:2

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli Proteins; Lipoproteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Alignment; Substrate Specificity

2006
Exogenous proline mitigates the detrimental effects of salt stress more than exogenous betaine by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2007, Volume: 164, Issue:5

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Cells, Cultured; Free Radical Scavengers; Nicotiana; Proline; Singlet Oxygen; Sodium Chloride

2007
Molecular biology of osmoregulation.
    Science (New York, N.Y.), 1984, Jun-08, Volume: 224, Issue:4653

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Escherichia coli; Genes, Plant; Medicago sativa; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Sinorhizobium meliloti; Water-Electrolyte Balance

1984
Overexpression of BetS, a Sinorhizobium meliloti high-affinity betaine transporter, in bacteroids from Medicago sativa nodules sustains nitrogen fixation during early salt stress adaptation.
    Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI, 2006, Volume: 19, Issue:8

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Medicago sativa; Mutation; Nitrogen Fixation; Phenotype; Proline; Sinorhizobium meliloti; Sodium Chloride; Symbiosis

2006
Proline betaine uptake in Sinorhizobium meliloti: Characterization of Prb, an opp-like ABC transporter regulated by both proline betaine and salinity stress.
    Journal of bacteriology, 2006, Volume: 188, Issue:17

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Betaine; Choline; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Membrane Transport Proteins; Oligopeptides; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sinorhizobium meliloti

2006
Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg).
    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2006, Volume: 344

    Topics: Acetophenones; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Betaine; Blotting, Southern; Breeding; Coculture Techniques; Culture Media; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Engineering; Genome, Plant; Genotype; Glucuronidase; Hevea; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proline; Transformation, Genetic; Transgenes

2006
The organic osmolytes betaine and proline are transported by a shared system in early preimplantation mouse embryos.
    Journal of cellular physiology, 2007, Volume: 210, Issue:1

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Blastocyst; Carrier Proteins; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo Culture Techniques; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Kinetics; Mice; Proline; Sarcosine; Sodium; Time Factors; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2007
Exogenous proline and glycinebetaine increase NaCl-induced ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzyme activities, and proline improves salt tolerance more than glycinebetaine in tobacco Bright Yellow-2 suspension-cultured cells.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2007, Volume: 164, Issue:11

    Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Betaine; Cells, Cultured; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glutathione; Nicotiana; Plant Proteins; Proline; Protoplasts; Sodium Chloride; Up-Regulation

2007
Purification, reconstitution, and characterization of the CpxRAP envelope stress system of Escherichia coli.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2007, Mar-23, Volume: 282, Issue:12

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Histidine Kinase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Liposomes; Membrane Proteins; Osmosis; Potassium Chloride; Proline; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Kinases; Signal Transduction; Sodium Chloride

2007
Characterization of compatible solute transporter multiplicity in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2007, Volume: 76, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acids, Diamino; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biotechnology; Carrier Proteins; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Genes, Bacterial; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Symporters

2007
Effects of osmolytes on RNA secondary and tertiary structure stabilities and RNA-Mg2+ interactions.
    Journal of molecular biology, 2007, Jul-27, Volume: 370, Issue:5

    Topics: Base Sequence; Betaine; Cations, Divalent; Ethylene Glycol; Magnesium; Methanol; Methylamines; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; RNA; RNA Stability; Sucrose; Sugar Alcohols; Thermodynamics; Urea

2007
Growth, biochemical modifications and proline metabolism in Helianthus annuus L. as induced by drought stress.
    Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 2007, Oct-01, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Dehydration; Disasters; Helianthus; Proline; Random Allocation

2007
Calcium chloride effects on salinity-induced oxidative stress, proline metabolism and indole alkaloid accumulation in Catharanthus roseus.
    Comptes rendus biologies, 2007, Volume: 330, Issue:9

    Topics: Betaine; Calcium Chloride; Catharanthus; Hydrogen Peroxide; Indole Alkaloids; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidases; Proline; Sodium Chloride

2007
Effects of osmolytes on protein folding and aggregation in cells.
    Methods in enzymology, 2007, Volume: 428

    Topics: Arsenicals; Betaine; Escherichia coli; Fluorescein; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Quaternary; Proteins; Receptors, Retinoic Acid; Trehalose

2007
Proline and glycinebetaine enhance antioxidant defense and methylglyoxal detoxification systems and reduce NaCl-induced damage in cultured tobacco cells.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2008, May-26, Volume: 165, Issue:8

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Disulfides; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Transferase; Inactivation, Metabolic; Lactoylglutathione Lyase; Nicotiana; Oxidation-Reduction; Proline; Protein Carbonylation; Pyruvaldehyde; Sodium Chloride; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Thiolester Hydrolases

2008
Alterations in lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and proline metabolism in Catharanthus roseus under treatment with triadimefon, a systemic fungicide.
    Comptes rendus biologies, 2007, Volume: 330, Issue:12

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Catharanthus; Electrolytes; Fungicides, Industrial; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Plant Stems; Proline; Seeds; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Triazoles

2007
Compatible solute accumulation and stress-mitigating effects in barley genotypes contrasting in their salt tolerance.
    Journal of experimental botany, 2007, Volume: 58, Issue:15-16

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Genotype; Hordeum; Potassium; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium Chloride; Sugar Alcohols

2007
An inland and a coastal population of the Mediterranean xero-halophyte species Atriplex halimus L. differ in their ability to accumulate proline and glycinebetaine in response to salinity and water stress.
    Journal of experimental botany, 2008, Volume: 59, Issue:6

    Topics: Atriplex; Betaine; Carbon Dioxide; Malondialdehyde; Osmotic Pressure; Oxidative Stress; Photosystem II Protein Complex; Plant Shoots; Proline; Salinity; Sodium Chloride; Water

2008
Proline and glycinebetaine induce antioxidant defense gene expression and suppress cell death in cultured tobacco cells under salt stress.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2009, Jan-30, Volume: 166, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Antioxidants; Betaine; Cell Cycle; Cell Death; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; DNA Fragmentation; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Intracellular Space; Lipid Peroxidation; Nicotiana; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Sodium Chloride; Stress, Physiological

2009
Osmoregulation and antioxidant metabolism in drought-stressed Helianthus annuus under triadimefon drenching.
    Comptes rendus biologies, 2008, Volume: 331, Issue:6

    Topics: Amino Acids; Antioxidants; Ascorbate Peroxidases; Betaine; Catalase; Catechol Oxidase; Disasters; Fungicides, Industrial; Helianthus; Peroxidases; Proline; Superoxide Dismutase; Triazoles; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2008
Physiological characterization and stress-induced metabolic responses of Dunaliella salina isolated from salt pan.
    Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology, 2008, Volume: 35, Issue:10

    Topics: Betaine; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyta; DNA, Algal; DNA, Ribosomal; Glycerol; Proline; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; Seawater; Sodium Chloride

2008
Simultaneous measurement of proline and related compounds in oak leaves by high-performance ligand-exchange chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for environmental stress studies.
    Journal of chromatography. A, 2009, Feb-13, Volume: 1216, Issue:7

    Topics: Alkaloids; Betaine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Droughts; Linear Models; Plant Leaves; Proline; Quercus; Reference Standards; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Stress, Physiological

2009
Exogenous proline and glycinebetaine increase antioxidant enzyme activities and confer tolerance to cadmium stress in cultured tobacco cells.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2009, Oct-15, Volume: 166, Issue:15

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Cadmium; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Lipid Peroxidation; Nicotiana; Oxidative Stress; Plant Proteins; Proline; Superoxide Dismutase

2009
Effect of moderate salinity stress treatment on the stimulation of proline uptake and growth in Escherichia coli CSH4 and its mutants under high salinity.
    Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 2009, Volume: 108, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Biotechnology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genotype; Microbiological Techniques; Mutation; Potassium; Proline; Salts; Sodium Chloride; Species Specificity; Time Factors

2009
Abscisic acid has contrasting effects on salt excretion and polyamine concentrations of an inland and a coastal population of the Mediterranean xero-halophyte species Atriplex halimus.
    Annals of botany, 2009, Volume: 104, Issue:5

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Atriplex; Betaine; Biogenic Polyamines; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Plant Shoots; Proline; Putrescine; Pyridones; Salt Tolerance; Sodium Chloride; Spermidine; Spermine; Water-Electrolyte Balance

2009
Exogenous proline and glycinebetaine suppress apoplastic flow to reduce Na(+) uptake in rice seedlings.
    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2009, Volume: 73, Issue:9

    Topics: Apoptosis; Betaine; Oryza; Plant Leaves; Proline; Sodium; Stress, Physiological

2009
Proline and glycinebetaine confer cadmium tolerance on tobacco bright yellow-2 cells by increasing ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzyme activities.
    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2009, Volume: 73, Issue:10

    Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Betaine; Cadmium; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Glutathione; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intracellular Space; Nicotiana; Proline; Stress, Physiological

2009
Proline and glycinebetaine ameliorated NaCl stress via scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and methylglyoxal but not superoxide or nitric oxide in tobacco cultured cells.
    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2010, Volume: 74, Issue:10

    Topics: Betaine; Cells, Cultured; Free Radical Scavengers; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intracellular Space; Nicotiana; Nitric Oxide; Proline; Pyruvaldehyde; Sodium Chloride; Stress, Physiological; Superoxides; Time Factors

2010
Mutational and transcriptional analyses of the Staphylococcus aureus low-affinity proline transporter OpuD during in vitro growth and infection of murine tissues.
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology, 2011, Volume: 61, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Betaine; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Mutational Analysis; Gene Expression Profiling; Mice; Mutant Proteins; Mutation, Missense; Proline; Rodent Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Transcription, Genetic; Urinary Tract; Urinary Tract Infections

2011
Protection of Bacillus subtilis against cold stress via compatible-solute acquisition.
    Journal of bacteriology, 2011, Volume: 193, Issue:7

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Cold Temperature; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors; Up-Regulation

2011
Natural osmolytes remodel the aggregation pathway of mutant huntingtin exon 1.
    Biochemistry, 2011, Mar-29, Volume: 50, Issue:12

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Products; Exons; Methylamines; Mutant Proteins; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Osmosis; Peptides; Proline; Protein Multimerization; Protein Structure, Quaternary; Solubility

2011
A role for proline synthesis and transport in Listeria monocytogenes barotolerance.
    Journal of applied microbiology, 2011, Volume: 110, Issue:5

    Topics: Betaine; Carnitine; Culture Media; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Food Safety; Listeria monocytogenes; Microbial Viability; Pressure; Proline; Sequence Deletion

2011
Transformation of tomato with a bacterial codA gene enhances tolerance to salt and water stresses.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2011, Jul-15, Volume: 168, Issue:11

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Arthrobacter; Betaine; Chlorophyll; Droughts; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genes, Bacterial; Germination; Plant Leaves; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proline; Salt-Tolerant Plants; Seeds; Sodium Chloride; Solanum lycopersicum; Stress, Physiological; Transgenes; Water

2011
Isolation and characterization of proline/betaine transporter gene from oil palm.
    Tree physiology, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:4

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Arecaceae; Base Sequence; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Choline; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; DNA, Plant; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Proline; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Plant; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sodium Chloride; Stress, Physiological

2011
Expression and substrate specificity of betaine/proline transporters suggest a novel choline transport mechanism in sugar beet.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2011, Sep-15, Volume: 168, Issue:14

    Topics: Amaranthus; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Arabidopsis; Atriplex; Base Sequence; Beta vulgaris; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Carrier Proteins; Choline; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Phloem; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Proline; Proton Ionophores; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Substrate Specificity; Xylem

2011
Determination of betaines in vegetable oils by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry--application to the detection of olive oil adulteration with seed oils.
    Electrophoresis, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:11

    Topics: Alkaloids; Betaine; Carnitine; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Linear Models; Olive Oil; Plant Oils; Proline; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2011
Arg149 is involved in switching the low affinity, open state of the binding protein AfProX into its high affinity, closed state.
    Journal of molecular biology, 2011, Aug-05, Volume: 411, Issue:1

    Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Archaeoglobus fulgidus; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Crystallography, X-Ray; DNA Mutational Analysis; Models, Molecular; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation

2011
Osmolyte effects on protein stability and solubility: a balancing act between backbone and side-chains.
    Biophysical chemistry, 2011, Volume: 159, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Glycerol; Models, Biological; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Stability; Proteins; Solubility; Urea

2011
Pattern of solutes accumulated during leaf osmotic adjustment as related to duration of water deficit for wheat at the reproductive stage.
    Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2011, Volume: 49, Issue:10

    Topics: Betaine; Chlorides; Dehydration; Fructose; Glucose; Osmosis; Plant Leaves; Plant Transpiration; Potassium; Proline; Reproduction; Sodium; Soil; Sucrose; Triticum; Water

2011
Betaines in fruits of Citrus genus plants.
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2011, Sep-14, Volume: 59, Issue:17

    Topics: Betaine; Beverages; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrus; Fruit; Proline; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2011
Biochemical effect of carbaryl on oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and osmolytes of cyanobacterium Calothrix brevissima.
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2011, Volume: 87, Issue:6

    Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbate Peroxidases; Betaine; Carbaryl; Carbohydrates; Carotenoids; Catalase; Chlorophyll; Cyanobacteria; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Environmental Monitoring; Environmental Pollutants; Free Radicals; Insecticides; Lipid Peroxidation; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Phycobilins; Proline; Superoxide Dismutase

2011
Understanding UV-driven metabolism in the hypersaline ciliate Fabrea salina.
    European biophysics journal : EBJ, 2012, Volume: 41, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acids, Diamino; Betaine; Cell Membrane; Ciliophora; Glycine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Proline; Sucrose; Time Factors; Trehalose; Ultraviolet Rays

2012
Occurrence of pipecolic acid and pipecolic acid betaine (homostachydrine) in Citrus genus plants.
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2012, Jan-11, Volume: 60, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Citrus; Pipecolic Acids; Plant Extracts; Proline

2012
Improved tolerance to various abiotic stresses in transgenic sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) expressing spinach betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase.
    PloS one, 2012, Volume: 7, Issue:5

    Topics: Betaine; Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Cold Temperature; Ipomoea batatas; Oxidative Stress; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spinacia oleracea; Stress, Physiological; Transformation, Genetic

2012
Identification of isethionic acid and other small molecule metabolites of Fragilariopsis cylindrus with nuclear magnetic resonance.
    Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2012, Volume: 404, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Cold Climate; Culture Media; Diatoms; Isethionic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Picolinic Acids; Principal Component Analysis; Proline; Sulfonium Compounds

2012
Effect of Azotobacter vinelandii and compatible solutes on germination wheat seeds and root concentrations of sodium and potassium under salt stress.
    Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS, 2012, Feb-01, Volume: 15, Issue:3

    Topics: Azotobacter vinelandii; Bacteria; Betaine; Germination; Indoleacetic Acids; Plant Roots; Potassium; Proline; Salinity; Seeds; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Triticum; Water

2012
Effects of exogenous proline and glycinebetaine on the salt tolerance of rice cultivars.
    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2012, Volume: 76, Issue:8

    Topics: Betaine; Cations, Monovalent; Ion Transport; Oryza; Plant Growth Regulators; Plant Leaves; Potassium; Proline; Pyrenes; Salinity; Salt Tolerance; Seeds; Sodium; Species Specificity; Sulfonic Acids

2012
Osmotic control of opuA expression in Bacillus subtilis and its modulation in response to intracellular glycine betaine and proline pools.
    Journal of bacteriology, 2013, Volume: 195, Issue:3

    Topics: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Multigene Family; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Plasmids; Proline; Sodium Chloride

2013
Surface electric charge of thylakoid membranes from genetically modified tobacco plants under freezing stress.
    Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology, 2013, Feb-05, Volume: 119

    Topics: Arabidopsis; Betaine; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Freezing; Fructans; Light; Nicotiana; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proline; Stress, Physiological; Thylakoids

2013
Metabolic profiling of plasma from sows before parturition and during lactation using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based approach.
    Journal of animal science, 2012, Volume: 90 Suppl 4

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Choline; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Lactation; Lipids; Mass Spectrometry; Parturition; Pregnancy; Principal Component Analysis; Proline; Swine; Ureohydrolases

2012
Quantifying additive interactions of the osmolyte proline with individual functional groups of proteins: comparisons with urea and glycine betaine, interpretation of m-values.
    Biochemistry, 2013, Sep-03, Volume: 52, Issue:35

    Topics: Betaine; Models, Chemical; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Solubility; Urea

2013
Optimization of pullulanase production in Escherichia coli by regulation of process conditions and supplement with natural osmolytes.
    Bioresource technology, 2013, Volume: 146

    Topics: Betaine; Biomass; Bioreactors; Culture Media; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzymes; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Glycoside Hydrolases; Industrial Microbiology; Isopropyl Thiogalactoside; Proline; Solubility; Temperature; Time Factors

2013
Osmolyte effects on the self-association of concanavalin A: testing theoretical models.
    Biochemistry, 2013, Dec-23, Volume: 52, Issue:51

    Topics: Betaine; Circular Dichroism; Concanavalin A; Dimerization; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indicators and Reagents; Methylamines; Models, Molecular; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Stability; Sarcosine; Secondary Metabolism; Sorbitol; Sucrose; Thermodynamics; Titrimetry; Trehalose; Urea

2013
Thermodynamic analysis of osmolyte effect on thermal stability of ribonuclease A in terms of water activity.
    Biophysical chemistry, 2014, Volume: 185

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cattle; Enzyme Stability; Glycine; Inositol; Methylamines; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Unfolding; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Sarcosine; Taurine; Thermodynamics; Water

2014
Diplodiatoxin, chaetoglobosins, and diplonine associated with a field outbreak of Stenocarpella ear rot in Illinois.
    Mycotoxin research, 2014, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Topics: Ascomycota; Betaine; Chromones; Cyclopropanes; Disease Outbreaks; Edible Grain; Illinois; Indole Alkaloids; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mycotoxins; Plant Diseases; Proline; Zea mays

2014
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties adopt strongly contrasting strategies in response to drought.
    Physiologia plantarum, 2014, Volume: 152, Issue:2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Carbon; Chlorophyll; Droughts; Fluorescence; Nitrogen; Photosynthesis; Photosystem I Protein Complex; Plant Proteins; Plant Stomata; Proline; Sorghum; Water

2014
Increased amino acids levels and the risk of developing of hypertriglyceridemia in a 7-year follow-up.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Amino Acids; Arginine; Betaine; Body Mass Index; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Isoleucine; Leucine; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Phenylalanine; Proline; Risk Factors; ROC Curve; Triglycerides; Valine

2014
Analysis of strains lacking known osmolyte accumulation mechanisms reveals contributions of osmolytes and transporters to protection against abiotic stress.
    Applied and environmental microbiology, 2014, Volume: 80, Issue:17

    Topics: Betaine; Culture Media; Escherichia coli; Methylamines; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Stress, Physiological; Sulfonium Compounds; Temperature; Urea

2014
Exogenous proline and glycine betaine mediated upregulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems provides better protection against salt-induced oxidative stress in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties.
    BioMed research international, 2014, Volume: 2014

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Oryza; Oxidative Stress; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Salt Tolerance; Seedlings; Sodium Chloride; Thiolester Hydrolases

2014
Evaluation of potential cationic probes for the detection of proline and betaine.
    Electrophoresis, 2014, Volume: 35, Issue:23

    Topics: Beta vulgaris; Betaine; Cations; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Plant Extracts; Proline; Spinacia oleracea; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides

2014
Refolding additive, dimethylbenzylammonium propane sulfonate (NDSB- 256), accelerates gly-pro cis-trans isomerization.
    Protein and peptide letters, 2014, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Arginine; Betaine; Imidazoles; Isomerism; Models, Chemical; Molecular Weight; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Peptides; Proline; Protein Refolding

2014
Role of sigB and osmolytes in desiccation survival of Listeria monocytogenes in simulated food soils on the surface of food grade stainless steel.
    Food microbiology, 2015, Volume: 46

    Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Betaine; Carnitine; Desiccation; Food Additives; Food Handling; Listeria monocytogenes; Microbial Viability; Models, Biological; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Sigma Factor; Sodium Chloride; Stainless Steel

2015
Partial repair of salinity-induced damage to sprouting sugarcane buds by proline and glycinebetaine pretreatment.
    Protoplasma, 2016, Volume: 253, Issue:3

    Topics: Betaine; Calcium; Hydrogen Peroxide; Plant Leaves; Potassium; Proline; Saccharum; Salinity; Salt Tolerance; Sodium; Stress, Physiological

2016
Synergistic effect of antioxidant system and osmolyte in hydrogen sulfide and salicylic acid crosstalk-induced heat tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings.
    Plant signaling & behavior, 2015, Volume: 10, Issue:9

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Antioxidants; Betaine; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen Sulfide; Models, Biological; Proline; Salicylic Acid; Seedlings; Trehalose; Zea mays

2015
Betaines and related ammonium compounds in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.).
    Food chemistry, 2016, Apr-01, Volume: 196

    Topics: Ammonium Compounds; Betaine; Eleocharis; Nuts; Proline

2016
Inhibition of insulin fibrillation by osmolytes: Mechanistic insights.
    Scientific reports, 2015, Nov-30, Volume: 5

    Topics: Amyloid; Betaine; Calorimetry; Insulin; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Aggregation, Pathological; Protein Binding; Sorbitol

2015
Growth and antioxidant production of Spirulina in different NaCl concentrations.
    Biotechnology letters, 2016, Volume: 38, Issue:7

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Peroxidase; Phycocyanin; Proline; Sodium Chloride; Spirulina; Superoxide Dismutase

2016
Cloning and characterization of a novel betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from Suaeda corniculata.
    Genetics and molecular research : GMR, 2016, Jun-20, Volume: 15, Issue:2

    Topics: Betaine; Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Chenopodiaceae; Cloning, Molecular; Droughts; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glycine; Plant Proteins; Proline; Salinity; Stress, Physiological; Superoxide Dismutase

2016
High-Throughput Quantitation of Proline Betaine in Foods and Suitability as a Valid Biomarker for Citrus Consumption.
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017, Mar-01, Volume: 65, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Betaine; Beverages; Biomarkers; Citrus; Female; Fruit; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Male; Proline; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Young Adult

2017
Biochemical response of hybrid black poplar tissue culture (Populus × canadensis) on water stress.
    Journal of plant research, 2017, Volume: 130, Issue:3

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Biochemical Phenomena; Biomarkers; Catalase; Catechol Oxidase; Cell Survival; Dehydration; Enzyme Assays; Enzymes; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Nitric Oxide; Osmotic Pressure; Oxidative Stress; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Peroxynitrous Acid; Phenol; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Populus; Proline; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Tissue Culture Techniques; Water

2017
Influence of partial or total replacement of glycerol by alternative cryoprotectants in Ghent freezing extender on post-thaw sperm quality in stallions.
    Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene, 2017, Volume: 52, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Chromatin; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Freezing; Glucose; Glycerol; Horses; Male; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Proline; Semen Analysis; Semen Preservation; Sperm Motility; Trehalose; Urea

2017
Selenium mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants by modulating chlorophyll fluorescence, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant system.
    Protoplasma, 2018, Volume: 255, Issue:2

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Biomass; Cadmium; Chlorophyll; Electrolytes; Fluorescence; Gases; Hydrogen Peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Minerals; Osmosis; Oxidative Stress; Proline; Seedlings; Selenium; Solanum lycopersicum; Water

2018
Interactive effect of 24-epibrassinolide and silicon alleviates cadmium stress via the modulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems and macronutrient content in Pisum sativum L. seedlings.
    BMC plant biology, 2018, Jul-16, Volume: 18, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Brassinosteroids; Cadmium; Chlorophyll; Lactoylglutathione Lyase; Nutrients; Pisum sativum; Plant Leaves; Proline; Pyruvaldehyde; Seedlings; Silicon; Steroids, Heterocyclic; Thiolester Hydrolases

2018
Changes in photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes and antioxidants of Indian mustard by drought and exogenous polyamines.
    Acta biologica Hungarica, 2018, Volume: 69, Issue:3

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Brassicaceae; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Photosynthesis; Plant Leaves; Polyamines; Proline; Putrescine; Spermidine; Water

2018
Bacillus firmus (SW5) augments salt tolerance in soybean (Glycine max L.) by modulating root system architecture, antioxidant defense systems and stress-responsive genes expression.
    Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2018, Volume: 132

    Topics: Antioxidants; Bacillus firmus; Betaine; Biomass; Chlorophyll; Flavonoids; Gases; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genes, Plant; Glycine max; Hydrogen Peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Nitrogen; Phenols; Phosphorus; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Plant Roots; Proline; Salinity; Salt Tolerance; Solubility; Stress, Physiological; Sugars

2018
Effect of drought stress on growth parameters, osmolyte contents, antioxidant enzymes and glycyrrhizin synthesis in licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) grown in the field.
    Phytochemistry, 2018, Volume: 156

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Droughts; Glycyrrhiza; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Stress, Physiological; Sugars

2018
Influence of the proline metabolism and glycine betaine on tolerance to salt stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) commercial genotypes.
    Journal of plant physiology, 2018, Volume: 231

    Topics: Amino Acids; Betaine; Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Genotype; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Proline; Salt Stress; Salt-Tolerant Plants; Solanum lycopersicum

2018
Dual Role of the C-Terminal Domain in Osmosensing by Bacterial Osmolyte Transporter ProP.
    Biophysical journal, 2018, 12-04, Volume: 115, Issue:11

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Betaine; Biological Transport; Biosensing Techniques; Cell Membrane; Dimerization; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Sequence Homology; Substrate Specificity; Symporters

2018
Naringenin Cocrystals Prepared by Solution Crystallization Method for Improving Bioavailability and Anti-hyperlipidemia Effects.
    AAPS PharmSciTech, 2019, Feb-15, Volume: 20, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Availability; Caffeine; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Crystallization; Flavanones; Hypolipidemic Agents; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Niacinamide; Proline; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Solutions; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

2019
MtpB, a member of the MttB superfamily from the human intestinal acetogen
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2019, 09-13, Volume: 294, Issue:37

    Topics: Betaine; Demethylation; Energy Metabolism; Eubacterium; Folic Acid; Humans; Intestines; Methylamines; Methylation; Methyltransferases; Microbiota; Proline; Tetrahydrofolates

2019
Foliar application of glycinebetaine regulates soluble sugars and modulates physiological adaptations in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) under water deficit.
    Protoplasma, 2020, Volume: 257, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Biomass; Chlorophyll; Droughts; Ipomoea batatas; Osmosis; Photosynthesis; Photosystem II Protein Complex; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Proline; Solubility; Sugars; Water

2020
Common Source of Cryoprotection and Osmoprotection by Osmolytes.
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2019, 08-28, Volume: 141, Issue:34

    Topics: Adsorption; Betaine; Cold Temperature; Cold-Shock Response; Cryoprotective Agents; Ions; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Salts; Surface Properties; Water

2019
Exogenous glycine betaine treatment alleviates low temperature-induced pericarp browning of 'Nanguo' pears by regulating antioxidant enzymes and proline metabolism.
    Food chemistry, 2020, Feb-15, Volume: 306

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Catalase; Cold Temperature; Fruit; Glycine; Peroxidase; Proline; Pyrus; Superoxide Dismutase

2020
Impact of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in the Orchestration of
    Biomolecules, 2019, 10-31, Volume: 9, Issue:11

    Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Betaine; Burkholderia gladioli; Host-Parasite Interactions; Metabolomics; Nematoda; Oxidative Stress; Pest Control, Biological; Photosynthesis; Pigments, Biological; Proline; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Solanum lycopersicum; Symbiosis; Trehalose

2019
Changes in Ecophysiology, Osmolytes, and Secondary Metabolites of the Medicinal Plants of
    Biomolecules, 2019, 12-27, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Betaine; Catharanthus; Droughts; Heat-Shock Response; Mentha piperita; Osmotic Pressure; Plants, Medicinal; Proline; Secondary Metabolism; Sugar Alcohols; Sugars

2019
Glycine Betaine and Proline with Thinning Technique for Resistance Abiotic Stress of Cristalina Cactus Pear.
    Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS, 2020, Volume: 23, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Egypt; Opuntia; Phenols; Proline; Stress, Physiological

2020
Abscisic Acid and Glycine Betaine Mediated Tolerance Mechanisms under Drought Stress and Recovery in Axonopus compressus: A New Insight.
    Scientific reports, 2020, 04-24, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Adaptation, Physiological; Antioxidants; Betaine; Catalase; Cell Membrane; Droughts; Lipid Peroxidation; Peroxidase; Photosynthesis; Pigments, Biological; Poaceae; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stress, Physiological; Superoxide Dismutase

2020
Development of biocompatible DES/NADES as co-solvents for efficient biosynthesis of chiral alcohols.
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11

    Topics: Alcohols; Betaine; Biocatalysis; Biotechnology; Carnitine; Catalysis; Cell-Free System; Choline; Chromatography, Gas; Escherichia coli; Green Chemistry Technology; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Permeability; Proline; Recombinant Proteins; Solvents; Stereoisomerism; Water

2020
Comparative physiological and root proteome analyses of two sorghum varieties responding to water limitation.
    Scientific reports, 2020, 07-16, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Droughts; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Ontology; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Osmoregulation; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Plant Roots; Plant Stomata; Proline; Proteome; Sorghum; Stress, Physiological; Water

2020
Circulating metabolites and lipids are associated with glycaemic measures in South Asians.
    Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2021, Volume: 38, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asia, Western; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Diglycerides; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Linear Models; Lipidomics; Logistic Models; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Proline; Sphingomyelins; Triglycerides; United States

2021
Modulation of salt-induced stress impact in Gladiolus grandiflorus L. by exogenous application of salicylic acid.
    Scientific reports, 2021, 08-02, Volume: 11, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Carotenoids; Catalase; Catechol Oxidase; Chlorophyll; Iridaceae; Peroxidase; Phenols; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; Photosynthesis; Pigments, Biological; Plant Leaves; Principal Component Analysis; Proline; Salicylic Acid; Salt Stress; Salt Tolerance; Superoxide Dismutase

2021
Combined application of two
    International journal of phytoremediation, 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:6

    Topics: Antioxidants; Bacillaceae; Bacillus; Betaine; Biodegradation, Environmental; Brassica napus; Plant Roots; Proline; Soil; Soil Pollutants

2022
Glycinebetaine: a versatile protectant to improve rice performance against aluminium stress by regulating aluminium uptake and translocation.
    Plant cell reports, 2021, Volume: 40, Issue:12

    Topics: Aluminum; Antioxidants; Betaine; Biological Transport; Calcium; Chlorophyll; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Hexuronic Acids; Malondialdehyde; Oryza; Photosystem II Protein Complex; Plant Proteins; Plant Shoots; Proline; Protective Agents; Seedlings; Stress, Physiological

2021
In vitro response of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) to PEG-induced osmotic stress.
    Scientific reports, 2021, 11-19, Volume: 11, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Biotechnology; Chlorophyll; Culture Media; Droughts; Genotype; In Vitro Techniques; Osmotic Pressure; Plant Roots; Polyethylene Glycols; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Vanilla; Water

2021
Drought mitigation in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) through developing tolerant hybrids.
    BMC plant biology, 2021, Dec-15, Volume: 21, Issue:1

    Topics: Acclimatization; Betaine; Cacao; Dehydration; Droughts; Genotype; Hybridization, Genetic; Nitrate Reductase; Plant Breeding; Proline; Superoxide Dismutase

2021
Cellular adaptation of Clostridioides difficile to high salinity encompasses a compatible solute-responsive change in cell morphology.
    Environmental microbiology, 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Betaine; Clostridioides difficile; Proline; Salinity

2022
Involvement of osmoregulation, glyoxalase, and non-glyoxalase systems in signaling molecule glutamic acid-boosted thermotolerance in maize seedlings.
    Protoplasma, 2022, Volume: 259, Issue:6

    Topics: Betaine; Glutamic Acid; Lactate Dehydrogenases; Lactoylglutathione Lyase; Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase; Osmoregulation; Oxidoreductases; Phosphates; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Proline; Pyruvaldehyde; Seedlings; Thermotolerance; Trehalose; Zea mays

2022
Amelioration Effect of Salicylic Acid Under Salt Stress in Sorghum bicolor L.
    Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2022, Volume: 194, Issue:10

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Carbohydrates; Proline; Salicylic Acid; Salt Stress; Sodium Chloride; Sorghum; Superoxide Dismutase

2022
Glycine betaine modulates chromium (VI)-induced morpho-physiological and biochemical responses to mitigate chromium toxicity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars.
    Scientific reports, 2022, 05-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Chlorophyll; Chromium; Cicer; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Proline; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Soil Pollutants

2022
Thiamin stimulates growth, yield quality and key biochemical processes of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. Botrytis) under arid conditions.
    PloS one, 2022, Volume: 17, Issue:5

    Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Betaine; Biochemical Phenomena; Botrytis; Brassica; Dehydration; Hydrogen Peroxide; Proline; Thiamine

2022
Addition of silicon to boron foliar spray in cotton plants modulates the antioxidative system attenuating boron deficiency and toxicity.
    BMC plant biology, 2022, Jul-14, Volume: 22, Issue:1

    Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Boron; Glycine; Gossypium; Hydrogen Peroxide; Plant Leaves; Proline; Silicon

2022
Effect of Exogenous Glycine Betaine on the Germination of Tomato Seeds under Cold Stress.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Sep-09, Volume: 23, Issue:18

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Amylases; Betaine; Catalase; Cold-Shock Response; Germination; Gibberellins; Hormones; Hydrogen Peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Peroxidases; Proline; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seeds; Solanum lycopersicum; Starch; Superoxide Dismutase

2022
Plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) as an eco-friendly option to mitigate water deficit in soybean (Glycine max L.): Growth, physio-biochemical properties and oil content.
    Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2022, Nov-15, Volume: 191

    Topics: alpha-Linolenic Acid; Antioxidants; Ascorbate Peroxidases; Betaine; Catalase; Droughts; Glycine max; Iran; Proline; Sugars; Superoxide Dismutase; Water

2022
A Fine-Tuning of the Plant Hormones, Polyamines and Osmolytes by Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Enhances Drought Tolerance in Pedunculate Oak.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2023, Apr-19, Volume: 24, Issue:8

    Topics: Abscisic Acid; Betaine; Drought Resistance; Droughts; Mycorrhizae; Plant Growth Regulators; Polyamines; Proline; Quercus; Spermidine; Spermine

2023
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2023, Oct-25, Volume: 71, Issue:42

    Topics: Bacillus cereus; Betaine; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Proline; Salt Stress

2023
Nitrogen metabolism in maize plants submitted to drought, brassinosteroids and azospirillum.
    Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia, 2023, Volume: 83

    Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonium Compounds; Azospirillum brasilense; Betaine; Brassinosteroids; Dehydration; Droughts; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Nitrate Reductases; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Plant Roots; Proline; Zea mays

2023