betadex and citral

Free essential oils and their active components have a low physiochemical stability and low aqueous solubility which limit their applications as food preservatives and in packaging industry. The aim of this study was to characterize the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and antimicrobial activity of randomly methylated β cyclodextrin (RAMEB) encapsulated thyme oil, lemon balm oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and their active components that include thymol, citral, linalool, menthol and borneol. Inclusion complex formation of essential oils (EOs) and RAMEB were evaluated by several methods. Antioxidant capacities of RAMEB-EOs/components were reported to be more stable than free EOs/components (P < 0.05). Rapid SYBR green I/propidium iodide live/dead microbial cellular discrimination assay for Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed similar results when compared with flow cytometry analysis (P < 0.01) suggesting that our novel microplate fluorescence method could be applied for the fast live/dead microbial discrimination in antimicrobial assays.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; beta-Cyclodextrins; Escherichia coli; Food Microbiology; Food Preservatives; Lavandula; Mentha piperita; Methylation; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Schizosaccharomyces; Staphylococcus aureus; Thymol

Citral (CIT) is a monoterpene formed by the geranial and neral stereoisomers. CIT is the major compound of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, commonly known as "lemongrass", and has demonstrated potential antihyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. However, CIT shows high volatility, low solubility in water and consequent low bioavailability, which limits its use. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate cell viability, anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of inclusion complexes of CIT on β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). Initially, physical mixture (PM) and freeze-dried inclusion (FD) complexes of CIT/β-CD and CIT/HP-β-CD were obtained in the molar ratio (1:1). The samples were characterized by DSC, TG/DTG, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and the complexation efficiency were performed by HPLC. Cell viability assay was performed by rezasurin reduction technique in J774 macrophages cell line. The motor activity through rota rod apparatus, mechanical hyperalgesia and pleurisy induced by carrageenan were evaluated in mice. The complexation of CIT was evidenced with β-CD and HP-β-CD by the characterization techniques analyzed. The complexation efficiency of CIT/β-CD and CIT/HP-β-CD were 78.6% and 71.7%, respectively. The CIT, CIT/β-CD and CIT/HP-β-CD showed cell viability in macrophages and did not interfere in the motor activity of mice. Besides that, the samples demonstrated antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory activity due to the reduction in total leukocytes and TNF-α levels. However, CIT/β-CD has better pharmacological effects among the three samples evaluated. Therefore, CIT/β-CD has potential for the development of products to treat inflammatory and pain reactions.

Topics: 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Behavior, Animal; beta-Cyclodextrins; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Monoterpenes