betadex and acetylcellulose

Polylactic acid (PLA) and cellulose acetate (CA) as biodegradable polymers are being highly exploited in the development of innovative materials across several industrial sectors. PLA and CA composite films with TiO

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cellulose; Escherichia coli; Food Packaging; Nanocomposites; Polyesters; Polymers; Staphylococcus aureus; Titanium

Topics: beta-Cyclodextrins; Cellulose; Delayed-Action Preparations; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nanofibers; Nanopores; Porosity; Staphylococcus aureus; Thymol

Novel gels were prepared by blending β-cyclodextrin and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) in the presence of K2CO3. The objective of this study was thus to characterize the gels using rheology, modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC), turbidity measurements, and hot stage microscopy, and then investigate the potential use of the gel for topical drug delivery. Two types of supramolecular gels, GelL and GelH were prepared at a low temperature (below 50 °C) and at a high temperature (above 70 °C), respectively. Both gels were thermo-reversible. Upon heating, GelL could turn to GelH. Nevertheless, upon cooling, GelH that was more stable than GelL precipitated and GelL could not be reformed. GelL may form through simple complexation of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) with β-cyclodextrin in the presence of K2CO3. However, GelH may form a specific complex or a pseudopolyrotaxane gel. For pharmaceutical application, GelL was investigated instead of GelH because the forming temperature of this gel was close to the human body temperature. The interactions among diclofenac sodium (DS), a model drug, and the components of the gel were examined using FTIR. These interactions may include ionic attraction and hydrogen bonds between the carboxylate groups of DS and the hydroxyl groups of PEG or β-cyclodextrin and probably also the inclusion of the aromatic ring of DS into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin. Furthermore, the release and permeation of diclofenac from GelL were significantly greater than those from a commercial gel. Therefore, GelL may be useful for the topical delivery of drugs.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; beta-Cyclodextrins; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cellulose; Diclofenac; Drug Delivery Systems; Gels; Humans; Microscopy; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Permeability; Polyethylene Glycols; Rheology; Skin; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Sus scrofa; Temperature

Coupling with triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) technique, hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrins (HPCD) extraction method, and the greenhouse pot experiments, the influences of biochars on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) bioavailability in soil to plant (Brassica chinensis L. and Daucus carota) were investigated. Addition of 2% biochars to soils significantly reduced the uptake of PCBs in plant, especially for di-, tri- and tetra-chlorobiphenyls. PCBs concentrations in the roots of B. chinensis and D. carota were reduced for 61.5-93.7%, and 12.7-62.4%, respectively in the presence of biochars. The kinetic study showed that in the soils amended with/without biochars, PCBs concentrations accumulated in TECAM, as well as in the HPCD extraction solution, followed significant linear relationships with those in plant roots. Application of biochars to soil is a potentially promising method to reduce PCBs bioavailability whereas TECAM technique can be a useful tool to predict the bioavailability of PCBs in soil.

Topics: 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cellulose; Charcoal; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Plants; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Soil Pollutants; Triolein

Nano-structural features were introduced to ultrafine cellulose acetate (CA) fibers by electrospinning of its mixtures with either poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) PVP or beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) in DMF, followed by dissolution of the added PVP or beta-CD. The presence of the charge-holding PVP enabled fiber formation from CA below its entanglement chain length and improved the electrospinning efficiency to produce bicomponent fibers with wide ranging diameters from 30 to 650 nm. At up to 50% contents, the PVP in the bicomponent fibers was phase-separated from CA and, upon removal, resulting in highly angulated fiber surfaces with nanometer-size spherulites and sub-micron size ridges and grooves. Adding beta-CD to CA enabled fiber formation at concentrations below the chain entanglement concentration Ce (16.5%). Hydrogen bonding between beta-CD and CA, as evident by FTIR, helped to distribute beta-CD as individual molecules in the CA matrix and producing more uniform and finer (130-150 nm in diameters) fibers, irrespective of their beta-CD contents. Removal of beta-CD from the fibers originally containing 40% beta-CD, generated nanoporous fibers with 2-nm nanopores and 70% increase in specific surface and doubled pore volume.

Topics: beta-Cyclodextrins; Biocompatible Materials; Cellulose; Electrochemistry; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Chemical; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Povidone; Solubility; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Surface Properties; Temperature; Water

Poorly soluble glipizide was selected as the model drug to prepare osmotic pump tablets (OPT) with proper accessorial material after it was made an inclusion complex by kneading method in order to increase solubility. Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) and cellulose acetate (CA) were selected as the coating materials, and acetone-water (95:5) co-solvent was employed as the coating medium. The effects of the osmotic promoting agent, diameter of the drug-releasing orifice, coating composition, and coat weight on the drug release profile were investigated. The drug release profile of the optimal formulation was compared with a commercialized push-pull osmotic tablet. The results indicated that glipizide-cyclodextrin inclusion complex OPT had excellent zero-order release characteristics in vitro.

Topics: beta-Cyclodextrins; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cellulose; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Cyclodextrins; Delayed-Action Preparations; Excipients; Glipizide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kinetics; Models, Theoretical; Osmosis; Polyethylene Glycols; Solubility