betadex and 1-phenylpropanol

In this paper the presence of selected prenylated and unprenylated phenylpropanoids, namely ferulic acid 1, boropinic acid 2, 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid 3, umbelliferone 4, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 5, and auraptene 6, have been determined in Italian raw propolis after having been extracted with different methodologies. An aqueous solution of β-cyclodextrin was the best extraction method for ferulic acid 1, treatment with indifferently EtOH or aqueous β-cyclodextrin were the most effective one for umbelliferone 4, boropinic acid 2 gave the best yields either with H2O/β-cyclodextrin or olive oil treatment or in biphasic systems, maceration with biphasic mixtures of aqueous β-cyclodextrin and olive oil was seen to be the most effective procedure for 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 5, the only method providing significant quantities of 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid 3 was the maceration of raw propolis with olive oil, and finally auraptene 4 was best extracted with absolute EtOH. "Classic" maceration in general performed better than ultrasound-assisted one.

Topics: beta-Cyclodextrins; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Coumarins; Italy; Propanols; Propolis; Umbelliferones

A new mixed gas chromatographic stationary phase composed of 2,3,6-tributyl-beta-cyclodextrin and AgNO3(in polyethylene glycol 400) was synthesized for the first time. It was coated on fused silica capillary column. Excellent selectivity was obtained for the separation of seven enantiomeric pairs and four groups of positional isomers of aromatic compounds. The recognition and separation mechanisms were discussed by measuring enthalpy, entropy, free energy and the difference in enthalpy and entropy of these compounds. Results were compared with those obtained on 2,3,6-tributyl-beta-cyclodextrin stationary phase. The results showed that the mixed stationary phase had positive synergistic effects.

Topics: beta-Cyclodextrins; Chromatography, Gas; Cyclodextrins; Lactates; Propanols; Silver Nitrate; Stereoisomerism