beta-carotene and epicatechin-gallate

The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive compounds in extracts of Rumex vesicarius L. (Polygonaceae), a wild edible herb growing in Egypt. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of leaves of R. vesicarius were conducted by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS-ESI in the negative mode to analyze phenolics content. Results revealed the identification of 13 phenolic compounds: 8-C-glucosyl-apigenin, 8-C-glucosyl-luteolin, 6-C-hexosyl-quercetin, 3-O-rutinosyl-quercetin, 7-O-rhamno-hexosyl-diosmetin, 7-O-rhamno-acetylhexosyl-diosmetin, catechin, epicatechin, ferulohexoside, 6-C-glucosyl-naringenin, epicatechin gallate, 6-C-glucosyl-catechin, and epigallocatechin gallate. Quantification of the identified compounds revealed that 6-C-glucosyl-naringenin was the major compound. Also, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves was carried out for ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, β-carotene. The essential oil as well as lipids analysis of saponifiable and unsaponifiable matters. The biochemical studies were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of roots (REE), leaves (LEE), and fruits (FEE) ethanolic extracts of R. vesicarius (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o., each) against hepatotoxicity induced by CCl(4) (0.5 mL/kg b.wt., p.o., 3 times a week) compared with silymarin (50 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) as standard drug. The results confirmed that coadministration of the tested extracts or silymarin with CCl(4) for 4 wk exhibited a marked hepatoprotective activity, attributed to their antioxidant potential, membrane stabilizing effect, and antifibrogenic activities. Practical Application:  Investigation of the effect of hommad as a safe hepatoprotective diet that prospectively directs the attention to a valuable therapeutic natural herb rich in bioactive constituents.

Topics: 1-Butanol; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Apigenin; beta Carotene; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Egypt; Food Analysis; Fruit; Glucosides; Herbal Medicine; Luteolin; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Quercetin; Rumex; Silymarin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Blood plasma was incubated with 50 mM AAPH [2, 2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride] in the absence or presence of catechins (5-100 microM). Lipid oxidation was evaluated by measuring the formation of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The concentration of alpha-tocopherol (AT), beta-carotene (BC), ascorbic acid (AA), and catechins was determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. All the assayed catechins inhibited plasma TBARS formation. Based on the calculated IC50, the order of effectiveness was: epicatechin gallate (ECG) > epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) > epigallocatechin (EGC) > epicatechin (EC) > catechin (C). Catechins protected plasma AT and BC from AAPH-mediated oxidation. The order of effectiveness for AT protection was ECG > EGCG > EC = C > EGC; and for BC protection, the order was EGCG > ECG > EGC > > EC > C. The addition of catechins modified the kinetics of TBARS formation and AT depletion, but the rate of AA depletion was not affected. Catechin oxidation did not start until the complete depletion of AA, and it preceded AT depletion. These results indicate that catechins are effective antioxidants in human blood plasma, delaying the lipid oxidation and depletion of endogenous lipid-soluble antioxidants (AT and BC).

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flavonoids; Humans; Kinetics; Lipid Peroxidation; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Vitamin E