azoxystrobin and triadimefon

Excess fungicides can pose a serious threat to the soil environment. Fungicides can lower the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil and lead to yield declines. Soils contaminated with fungicides have to be remediated to maintain the optimal function of soil ecosystems. This study evaluates the effect of neutralizing substances on soil enzymatic activity and the yield of Triticum aestivum L. in soil contaminated with fungicides. Sandy loam (Eutric Cambisols) with pH

Topics: Bentonite; Crops, Agricultural; Enzymes; Fungicides, Industrial; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Pyrimidines; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants; Spiro Compounds; Strobilurins; Triazoles; Triticum

Studies with small soil columns (2cm i.d.×5.4cm depth) compared leaching of four pesticides added either as technical material or as commercial formulations. Pesticides were selected to give a gradient of solubility in water between 7 and 93mgL

Topics: Adsorption; Benzamides; Fungicides, Industrial; Herbicides; Pyrimidines; Soil Pollutants; Strobilurins; Triazoles

Although there is some evidence regarding the effect of solarization and biosolarization on pesticide degradation, information is still scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of these disinfection techniques on the degradation of eight fungicides (azoxystrobin, kresoxin methyl, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, triadimenol, cyprodinil, pyrimethanil and fludioxonil) commonly used in pepper crops under greenhouse cultivation. Seventy-five 17-L pots filled with clay-loam soil were placed in a greenhouse during the summer season and then contaminated with the studied fungicides. Treatments consisted of different disinfection treatments, including a control without disinfection, solarization and biosolarization. For the solarization and biosolarization treatments, low-density polyethylene film was used as cover. Five pots per treatment were sampled periodically up to 90d after the beginning of each treatment and fungicide residues were analyzed by GC/MS. The results showed that both solarization and biosolarization enhanced fungicide dissipation rates with regard to the control treatment, an effect which was attributed to the increased soil temperature. Most of the fungicides studied showed similar behavior under solarization and biosolarization conditions. However, triadimenol was degraded to a greater extent in the biosolarization than in the solarization treatment, while fludioxonil behaved in the opposite way. The results confirm that both solarization and biosolarization contribute to pesticide dissipation and can therefore be considered alongside other soil disinfection techniques, as a bioremediation tool for pesticide-polluted soils.

Topics: Dioxoles; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Fungicides, Industrial; Hot Temperature; Methacrylates; Phenylacetates; Photochemical Processes; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Strobilurins; Triazoles

A new bioassay has been developed combining the simplicity of direct bioautography with the improved chromatographic resolution of 2D-TLC. Mixtures of structurally diverse antifungal agents were tested to establish the validity and utility of this method in the discovery of new natural products with activity against agriculturally important fungal pathogens.

Topics: Acrylates; Aniline Compounds; Antifungal Agents; Ascomycota; Benzimidazoles; Biological Assay; Captan; Carbamates; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Colletotrichum; Dimethyldithiocarbamate; Fungicides, Industrial; Guanidines; Maneb; Methacrylates; Nitriles; Nitrobenzenes; Oxazoles; Piperazines; Plant Diseases; Plants; Pyrimidines; Strobilurins; Thiabendazole; Thiophanate; Triazoles