azaguanine and purine

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Azaguanine; Azaserine; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Floxuridine; Fluorouracil; Folic Acid; Glutamine; Leukemia L1210; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Mitomycin; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pharmacology; Purines; Puromycin; Pyrimidines; Research; RNA; RNA, Neoplasm; Thioguanine; Thiouracil

Topics: Azaguanine; Candida; Culture Media; Fluorescence; Metabolism; Purines; Research; Saccharomyces; Xanthines; Yeasts

Topics: Azaguanine; Bacteriolysis; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Metabolism; Pharmacology; Purines; Pyrimidines; Research; RNA; RNA, Bacterial; Thymine; Triazines; Ultraviolet Rays; Uracil; Vibrio; Vibrio cholerae

Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Antiviral Agents; Arboviruses; Azaguanine; Encephalomyocarditis virus; Pharmacology; Purines; Research; RNA; RNA, Viral; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vaccinia virus; Virus Cultivation

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aspartic Acid; Azaguanine; Carbon Isotopes; Glycine; Guanine Nucleotides; Imidazoles; Liver; Lyases; Mercaptopurine; Metabolism; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleotides; Pharmacology; Purines; Research; Sarcoma 180; Thioguanine

Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Aminopterin; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Azaguanine; Biological Products; Colchicine; Cortisone; Glutamates; Leukemia; Leukemia L1210; Leukemia, Experimental; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Mice; Pharmacology; Purines; Research; Tryptophan; Vinblastine

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Azaguanine; Chromatography; Diphosphates; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamine; Mercaptopurine; Nucleotides; Purines; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Research; Thioguanine; Transferases; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Azaguanine; Bacillus subtilis; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Hypoxanthines; Mercaptopurine; Metabolism; Mutation; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Pharmacology; Purines; Research; Xanthines

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Azaguanine; Feathers; Meat; Orotic Acid; Poultry; Purines; Pyrimidines; Skin; Thiouracil

Topics: Alkylating Agents; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Azaguanine; Azaserine; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Fluorouracil; Idoxuridine; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mercaptopurine; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Purines; Research; RNA; RNA, Neoplasm; Sarcoma 180; Thioguanine; Uracil Mustard

Topics: Amino Acids; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Candida; Carbon Isotopes; Fluorouracil; Nucleoproteins; Phenylalanine; Proline; Proteins; Purines; Pyrimidines; Research; RNA

Topics: Acridines; Antineoplastic Agents; Arsenicals; Azaguanine; Azaserine; Busulfan; Cell Division; Chloramines; Colchicine; Humans; Mercaptopurine; Pharmacology; Purines; Thiotepa; Triethylenemelamine

Topics: Azaguanine; Fluorouracil; Neurospora; Purines; RNA; Uracil

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Liver; Metabolism; Mice; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Purines

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Azaguanine; Leukemia; Leukemia L1210; Nucleic Acids; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Purines

Wachsman, J. T. (University of Illinois, Urbana) and R. Mangalo. Use of 8-azaguanine for the isolation of auxotrophic mutants of Bacillus megaterium. J. Bacteriol. 83:35-37. 1962.-8-Azaguanine is bactericidal for Bacillus megaterium strain KM, primarily under conditions where growth is possible. This analogue has been used to enrich for auxotrophic mutants in ultraviolet-irradiated populations. The survivors were found to contain from 1.6 to 33.0% amino acid auxotrophs and from 19 to 29% pyrimidine nucleoside auxotrophs. Since many different biological systems are sensitive to 8-azaguanine, the use of this analogue to enrich for auxotrophic mutants may have a more general application than techniques currently employed.

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus; Bacillus megaterium; Insecta; Purines; Ultraviolet Rays

Coultas, M. Katharine (Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, N.Y.) and Dorris J. Hutchison. Metabolism of resistant mutants of Streptococcus faecalis. IV. Use of a biophotometer in growth-curve studies. J. Bacteriol. 84:393-401. 1962. - Analysis of data obtained using the Bonet-Maury and Jouan biophotometer has shown it to be an accurate, automatic device for recording an entire bacterial growth curve, from which quantitative measurements of growth rate can be calculated. Growth rate values obtained in this manner agree with those obtained by conventional methods. The instrument is described in detail and reference is given to other uses of this type of photometer. The growth curves of Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 8043 and three mutants resistant to purine analogues were compared in media with and without a purine. Differences in these growth curves were evident. In the purine-deficient medium SF/AZAG, the 8-azaguanine-resistant mutant had the shortest doubling time, 61 min, followed by the two 6-mercaptopurine-resistant mutants (SF/MPcc, 72 min; SF/MP, 91 min), and finally the wild strain with a doubling time of 135 min. In the medium supplemented with xanthine, the respective doubling times were 52, 61, 68, and 68 min.

Topics: Azaguanine; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterococcus faecalis; Mercaptopurine; Photometry; Purines

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Leukemia; Leukemia P388; Leukemia, Experimental; Nucleotidyltransferases; Purines; Pyrophosphatases; Transferases

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Humans; Purines

Mangalo, R. (University of Illinois, Urbana) and J. T. Wachsman. Effect of 8-azaguanine on growth and viability of Bacillus megaterium. J. Bacteriol. 83:27-34. 1962.-The addition of 8-azaguanine to exponentially growing cells of Bacillus megaterium results in an inhibition of growth after a lag of approximately 30 min. However, 8-azaguanine-2-C(14) is incorporated into the nucleic acids in a linear fashion without a detectable lag. The inhibitory action is reversed by purines and their derivatives, but not by uridine, thymidine, or cytidine. 8-Azaguanine is bactericidal, especially under conditions where growth (ribonucleic acid synthesis) is possible. Growth in the presence of a complete amino acid mixture, either before or during exposure to 8-azaguanine, increases the rate of killing. Chloramphenicol has little or no effect on the bactericidal action of the analogue.

Topics: Amino Acids; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus; Bacillus megaterium; Nucleic Acids; Purines; RNA; Thymidine; Uridine

Topics: Azaguanine; Kinetics; Proteins; Purines; Tissue Culture Techniques

Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus; Insecta; Nucleic Acids; Purines

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Brain; Learning; Maze Learning; Memory; Purines; Rats; RNA

Topics: Azaguanine; Bacillus; Caffeine; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Lacticaseibacillus casei; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Purines

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Butylene Glycols; Enzymes; Ethionine; Meprobamate; Mercaptopurine; Pentobarbital; Phenobarbital; Purines; Radiation Effects; Tranquilizing Agents

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Bacillus; Bacillus cereus; Insecta; Purines; Ribosomes; RNA

Topics: Azaguanine; Bacillus; Bacillus cereus; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Purines; RNA

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Enzymes; Liver; Protein Biosynthesis; Purines

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Azaguanine; Mercaptopurine; Purines; Rats

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus cereus; Nucleic Acids; Proteins; Purines

Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Chalcone; Propiophenones; Purines; Rats; Shock

Topics: Aged; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Sulfur; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus cereus; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Purines

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus cereus; Cell Wall; Proteins; Purines

Topics: Azaguanine; Biochemical Phenomena; Purines; Streptococcus pneumoniae

Topics: Azaguanine; Enterococcus faecalis; Guanine; Purines

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Purines; Streptococcus pneumoniae

The purine analogue, 8-azaguanine, was added to cultures of the parasporal crystal-forming organism Bacillus cereus var. alesti at different times during growth and synchronous sporulation. The effect of its incorporation has been studied with particular reference to cell growth, nucleic acid composition, cytology, and the synthesis of the spore and crystal protein. Additions of the analogue during any stage of growth prevented further cell proliferation and all spore and crystal formation. Since both nucleic acids continued to be formed, cells of an increased size developed, containing large masses of chromatin in the form of condensed balls or axial cords. Lipid-containing inclusions also appeared following these additions and were usually aggregated at the centre or poles of the cells. The analogue could be isolated as the ribonucleotide from both the acid soluble and RNA fractions of these inhibited cells. Additions of the analogue following commencement of sporulation did not prevent either spore or crystal formation or affect the nucleic acid content of the sporulating cells. However, as before, the 8-azaguanine was incorporated into both the acid soluble and RNA of the cells, but not into these fractions of the spores ultimately formed. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to crystal protein synthesis.

Topics: Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Bacillus cereus; Nucleic Acids; Proteins; Purines; RNA; Spores, Bacterial

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Biochemical Phenomena; Blastoderm; Chickens; Hemoglobins; Purines

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Guanine; Mercaptopurine; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Purines; Rats

Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Azaguanine; Cell Division; Mercaptopurine; Plants; Purines

Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Azaguanine; Eye Neoplasms; Guanine; Guanosine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Purines

Topics: Animals; Azaguanine; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Glycols; Guanine; Mercaptopurine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Purines