atropine has been researched along with vasoactive intestinal peptide in 244 studies
| Studies (atropine) | Trials (atropine) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (atropine) | Studies (vasoactive intestinal peptide) | Trials (vasoactive intestinal peptide) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (vasoactive intestinal peptide) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26,711 | 1,259 | 1,697 | 15 | 0 | 3 |
| 26,711 | 1,259 | 1,697 | 10,873 | 123 | 1,221 |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 105 (43.03) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 109 (44.67) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 27 (11.07) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (1.23) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Frieling, T; Neunlist, M; Schemann, M; Weber, E | 1 |
| Kirkpatrick, JR; Phillis, JW; Said, SI | 1 |
| Shimizu, T; Taira, N | 1 |
| Eklund, S; Jodal, M; Lundgren, O; Sjöqvist, A | 1 |
| Adrian, TE; Albuquerque, RH; Bloom, SR; Christofides, ND; Ghatei, MA; Modlin, IM; Sarson, DL | 1 |
| Fahrenkrug, J; Galbo, H; Holst, JJ; Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, OB | 1 |
| Mailman, D | 1 |
| Dauchel, J; Grenier, JF; Hohmatter, D; Kachelhoffer, J; Mendel, C | 1 |
| Nakagawa-Yagi, Y; Nakamura, H; Saito, Y; Takada, Y | 1 |
| Dunér-Engström, M; Fahrenkrug, J; Fredholm, BB; Larsson, O; Lundberg, JM; Lundblad, L | 1 |
| Freed, AN; Tang, GJ | 1 |
| Bersani, M; Harling, H; Holst, JJ; Messell, T; Poulsen, SS | 1 |
| Hussain, S; Ito, T; Martin, JG; Takubo, T | 1 |
| Henning, RJ | 1 |
| Baert, E; Barbier, AJ; Lefebvre, RA | 1 |
| Naruse, S; Ozaki, T; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Calvo, JJ; García, LJ; López, MA; Minguela, A; Montero, A | 1 |
| Alonso, R; Alvarez, C; Calvo, JJ; García, LJ; López, MA | 1 |
| Denoroy, L; Jouvet, M; Petit, JM | 1 |
| Grider, JR; Makhlouf, GM | 2 |
| Aboseif, SR; Benard, F; Lue, TF; Stief, CG; Takahashi, Y; Tanagho, EA | 1 |
| Boeckxstaens, GE; Bogers, JJ; Bult, H; De Man, JG; Herman, AG; Oosterbosch, L; Pelckmans, PA; Van Maercke, YM | 1 |
| Blair-West, JR; Gibson, AP; Shulkes, A; Wright, RD | 1 |
| Koelbel, CB; Leduc, L; Mayer, EA; Snape, WJ; Vandeventer, G | 1 |
| Davison, JS; Dodds, WJ; Doolittle, T; Greenwood, B; Koch, TR; See, NA | 1 |
| Barbanti, G; Giachetti, A; Giuliani, S; Maggi, CA; Meli, A; Patacchini, R; Santicioli, P; Turini, D | 1 |
| Dahlstrand, C | 1 |
| Ikeda, K; Ishihara, H; Sasaki, H; Sasaki, T; Sato, M; Shimura, S; Takishima, T | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Månsson, B | 1 |
| Nakagawa-Yagi, Y; Saito, Y; Takada, Y; Takayama, M | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Lacroix, JS; Lundberg, JM; Stjärne, P | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Crawley, DE; Evans, TW; Liu, SF | 1 |
| Lederis, K; Rorstad, O; Satoh, S; Suzuki, Y | 1 |
| Holmes, EP; O'Malley, NA; Venugopalan, CS | 1 |
| Connors, JM; Hedge, GA; Huffman, LJ; Michalkiewicz, M; Pietrzyk, Z | 1 |
| Culp, DJ; Graham, LA; Hand, AR; Latchney, LR | 1 |
| Farmer, SG; Togo, J | 1 |
| Baccari, MC; Calamai, F; Staderini, G | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Ito, S; Ohga, A; Ohta, T | 2 |
| Beaudet, A; Lapchak, PA | 1 |
| Dahlöf, C; Hjemdahl, P; Kahan, T | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Olgart, L | 1 |
| Nishi, R; Willard, AL | 1 |
| Goto, K; Ishikawa, T; Kimura, S; Masaki, T; Saito, A | 1 |
| Callahan, SM; Creed, KE | 1 |
| Lu, L; Pan, GZ; Qian, JM; Xue, BG | 1 |
| Ekström, J | 2 |
| Hogenboom, F; Mulder, AH; Schoffelmeer, AN | 1 |
| Ito, S; Kimura, A; Ohga, A | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Månsson, B; Olgart, L; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Jacobson, ED; Rozsa, Z | 1 |
| Barbanti, G; Beneforti, P; Giuliani, S; Maggi, CA; Meli, A; Misuri, D; Patacchini, R; Santicioli, P; Turini, D | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Fox, JE; Kostolanska, F; Manaka, H; Manaka, Y | 1 |
| Ekman, R; Ekström, J; Håkanson, R; Luts, A; Sundler, F; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Grider, JR | 2 |
| Lenz, HJ; Rivier, JE; Vale, WW | 1 |
| Biancani, P; Hillemeier, C | 1 |
| Inoue, Y; Kaku, K; Kaneko, T; Kanno, T; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Ellis, JL; Farmer, SG | 2 |
| D'Amato, M; De Beurme, FA; Lefebvre, RA | 1 |
| Ikeda, K; Sasaki, H; Sasaki, T; Shimura, S; Takishima, T | 1 |
| Merritt, AM; Ruckebusch, Y | 1 |
| Chijiiwa, Y; Ibayashi, H; Misawa, T | 2 |
| Bauer, V; Matusák, O | 1 |
| de Groat, WC; Kawatani, M; Rutigliano, MJ | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Hoshino, M; Mochizuki, T; Naruse, S; Ozaki, T; Yanaihara, C; Yanaihara, N; Yasui, A | 1 |
| Reid, AM; Shulkes, A; Titchen, DA | 2 |
| Blank, MA; Jaffe, BM; Kimura, K | 1 |
| Kantoh, M; Kusunoki, M; Takahashi, T; Utsunomiya, J; Yamamura, T | 1 |
| Fredholm, BB; Larsson, O | 1 |
| Bråtveit, M; Helle, KB; Rydningen, HT | 1 |
| Dharmsathaphorn, K; Pandol, SJ | 1 |
| Ahrens, FA; Panichkriangkrai, W | 1 |
| Carati, CJ; Creed, KE; Keogh, EJ | 1 |
| Landis, SC; Stevens, LM | 2 |
| Ishizawa, M | 1 |
| DeBouno, JF; Guo, YS; Singh, P; Thompson, JC | 1 |
| Carmeliet, P; Denef, C | 1 |
| Rasmussen, H; Takuwa, N; Takuwa, Y | 1 |
| Dartt, DA; Gilbard, JP; Gray, KL; Matkin, C; Rossi, SR; Shulman, M | 1 |
| Dartt, DA; Gray, K; Matkin, C | 1 |
| Kolka, MA; Stephenson, LA | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Greenberg, B; Rhoden, K | 1 |
| Krupin, T; Moolchandani, J | 1 |
| Brayden, JE | 1 |
| Endo, M; Fujita, K; Kimura, F; Praputpittaya, C | 1 |
| Ito, S; Nakazato, Y; Ohga, A; Ohta, T; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Björck, S; Fahrenkrug, J; Jivegård, L; Svanvik, J | 1 |
| Levin, SL | 1 |
| Edvinsson, L; McCulloch, J | 1 |
| Audhya, T; Hollander, CS; Kanie, N; Nakane, T | 1 |
| Costa, E; Eva, C; Meek, JL | 1 |
| Sommer, HJ; Stolze, HH | 1 |
| Enyedi, P; Fredholm, BB | 1 |
| Baker, AK; Dartt, DA; Rose, PE; Vaillant, C | 1 |
| Karlsson, JA; Persson, CG | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Fahrenkrug, J; Larsson, O; Lundberg, JM | 1 |
| Miller, RE | 1 |
| Downes, H; Taylor, SM | 1 |
| Abens, J; Bartfai, T; Hedlund, B | 1 |
| Chihara, K; Fujita, T; Kaji, H; Kodama, H; Minamitani, N; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Jacobowitz, DM; Ohhashi, T; Olschowka, JA | 1 |
| Altiere, RJ; Diamond, L | 1 |
| Björck, S; Svanvik, J | 1 |
| Gardner, JD; Jensen, RT | 1 |
| Edin, R | 1 |
| Andersson, RG; Grundström, N; Wikberg, JE | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Fahrenkrug, J; Lundberg, JM | 3 |
| Gallacher, DV | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Lundberg, JM; Lundblad, L | 1 |
| Andersson, PO; Bloom, SR; Edwards, AV; Järhult, J; Mellander, S | 1 |
| Burnstock, G; Mackenzie, I | 1 |
| Beubler, E | 1 |
| Patterson, B; Volle, RL | 1 |
| Kirkegaard, P; Nexø, E; Olsen, PS; Poulsen, SS | 1 |
| Burhol, PG; Jorde, R; Lygren, I; Waldum, HL | 2 |
| Andersson, PO; Bloom, SR; Mellander, S | 1 |
| Lundberg, JM; Tatemoto, K | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Emson, P; Fahrenkrug, J; Hökfelt, T; Lundberg, JM | 1 |
| Ottesen, B | 1 |
| Dent, J | 1 |
| Lundberg, JM | 1 |
| Håkanson, R; Helm, GH; Leander, S; Owman, C; Sjöberg, NO; Sporrong, B | 1 |
| Fahrenkrug, J; Ottesen, B | 1 |
| Anggård, A; Hökfelt, T; Kimmel, J; Lundberg, JM | 1 |
| Brown, J; Cataland, S; Howe, B; McIntosh, C; Mueller, M; O'Dorisio, T; Pederson, R | 1 |
| Boeck, V; Larsen, JJ; Ottesen, B | 1 |
| Bloom, SR; Edwards, AV | 1 |
| Cho, CK; Kim, YS; Mun, KH; Park, TC; Shin, HC; Suh, JK | 1 |
| Grider, JR; Jin, JG | 1 |
| Ekman, R; Ekström, J; Håkanson, R; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Axelrod, R; Martin, J; Ryan, JP | 1 |
| Cooke, HJ; Javed, N; Reddix, R; Wang, YZ | 1 |
| Fromm, M; Riecken, EO; Schulzke, JD | 1 |
| Davison, B; Ingenito, EP; Lilly, C; Mark, L | 1 |
| Owyang, C; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Lenz, HJ; Silverman, TA | 1 |
| Chowdhury, P; Doi, R; Inoue, K; Kaji, H; Rayford, PL | 1 |
| Aoki, N; Kurosu, Y; Munakata, K; Tanjoh, K; Tomita, R | 1 |
| Ma, RC; Parkman, HP; Stapelfeldt, WH; Szurszewski, JH | 1 |
| Greger, J; Karbownik, M; Lewinski, A; Modrzejewska, H | 1 |
| Inoue, R; Ito, Y; Jing, L; Takahashi, S; Tashiro, K | 1 |
| Alonso, RM; Alvarez, MC; Calvo, JJ; García, LJ; López, MA; San Román, JI | 1 |
| Chang, F; Chevalier, P; Cohen, IS; Danilo, P; Rosen, MR; Shvilkin, A | 1 |
| Conanan, ND; Ellis, JL | 1 |
| Asztély, A; Ekström, J; Helander, HF; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Cooke, HJ; Kuhawara, A; Reddix, R; Wallace, L | 1 |
| Johansson, C; Smedfors, B; Theodorsson, E | 1 |
| Habu, S; Nasushita, R; Takebe, K; Watanobe, H | 1 |
| Lundberg, JM; Modin, A; Weitzberg, E | 1 |
| Goyal, RK; He, XD | 1 |
| Alonso, RM; Bragado, J; Calvo, JJ; García, LJ; López, MA; Montero, A | 1 |
| Demedts, MG; Pype, JL; Verleden, GM | 1 |
| Applegate, RJ; Xenopoulos, NP | 1 |
| Funakoshi, A; Ikeda, S; Jimi, A; Miyazaki, K; Ryu, S; Shinozaki, H; Yasunami, Y | 1 |
| Gharib-Naseri, MK; Grundy, D; Hutson, D | 1 |
| Edwards, AV; Garrett, JR | 1 |
| Dunér-Engström, M; Fredholm, BB | 1 |
| Barrett, J; McDougall, JJ; Morrison, JD | 1 |
| Ayajiki, K; Okamura, T; Toda, N | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Belvisi, MG; Fox, AJ; Miura, M; Tadjkarimi, S; Ward, JK; Yacoub, MH | 1 |
| Kuwahara, A; Kuwahara, Y; Mochizuki, T; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Burnstock, G; Hoyle, CH; Zagorodnyuk, VP | 1 |
| Lenz, HJ; Messmer, B; Zimmerman, FG | 1 |
| Fiorucci, S; Morelli, A | 1 |
| Drucker-Colín, R; Jiménez-Anguiano, A; Prospero-García, O | 1 |
| Canonico, PL; Cavallaro, S; D'Agata, V; Stivala, F | 1 |
| Bloom, SR; Edwards, AV; Ekström, J; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Weekley, LB | 1 |
| Asztély, A; Ekman, R; Ekström, J; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Edvinsson, L; Saetrum Opgaard, O | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Marshall, T; Tobin, G; Williams, KM | 1 |
| Burns, AJ; Lomax, AE; Sanders, KM; Torihashi, S; Ward, SM | 1 |
| Giuliani, S; Maggi, CA | 1 |
| Kumada, K; Nakamura, T; Naruse, S; Ozaki, T | 1 |
| Kohjitani, A; Obara, H; Okada, S; Shirakawa, J | 1 |
| Canning, BJ; Dey, RD; Karakousis, PC; Undem, BJ | 1 |
| Coers, CM; Feliciano, L; Henning, RJ | 1 |
| Baranowska, B; Kawalec, M; Krawczyk, E; Płlonowski, A; Radzikowska, M; Roguski, K; Wasilewska-Dziubińska, E | 1 |
| Kato, S; Takehara, K; Takeuchi, K; Yagi, K | 1 |
| de Champlain, J; Gaspo, R; Lamarche, L; Yamaguchi, N | 1 |
| Wakade, AR | 1 |
| Baskin, DG; Dunning, BE; Havel, PJ; O'Dorisio, T; Taborsky, GJ; Verchere, CB | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Furukawa, Y; Hirose, M; Lakhe, M; Nagashima, Y | 1 |
| Chakder, S; Rattan, S | 1 |
| Dinoso, VP; Murthy, S; Natrajan, R | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Furukawa, Y; Hirose, M; Lakhe, M; Miyashita, Y; Nagashima, Y | 1 |
| Lacroix, JS; McLachlan, E; Potter, EK | 1 |
| Adeghate, E; Lea, RW; Singh, J; Williams, RM | 1 |
| Chen, L; Glass, JD; Laurie, GW; Walton, SC | 1 |
| Inouye, ST; Shinohara, K; Tominaga, K | 1 |
| Fujimiya, M; Kuwahara, A; Yamamoto, H | 2 |
| Harada, Y; Okamoto, K; Onaga, T | 1 |
| Barcelo, A; Chayvialle, JA; Claustre, J; Cuber, JC; Moro, F; Plaisancié, P | 1 |
| Feliciano, L; Henning, RJ | 1 |
| Hayakawa, T; Ishiguro, H; Ito, O; Kitagawa, M; Ko, S; Nakajima, M; Naruse, S | 1 |
| Altomare, DF; Genualdo, M; Mansi, G; Memeo, V; Mitolo, CI; Mitolo-Chieppa, D; Montagnani, M; Potenza, MA; Rinaldi, M; Rinaldi, R; Serio, M | 1 |
| Morita, K; Munakata, K; Tanjoh, K; Tomita, R | 1 |
| Belvisi, MG; Khawaja, AM; Liu, YC; Patel, HJ; Rogers, DF | 1 |
| Adrien, J; Ahnaou, A; Bourgin, P; Hamon, M; Laporte, AM | 1 |
| Cui, ZJ | 1 |
| Chang, TM; Chey, WY; Kwon, HY; Lee, KY | 1 |
| Khawaja, AM; Liu, YC; Rogers, DF | 1 |
| Holmgren, S; Olsson, C | 1 |
| Cooper, PD; Reina, RD | 1 |
| Giralt, M; Vergara, P | 1 |
| Jenkinson, KM; Reid, JJ | 1 |
| Clark, E; Conklin, JL; Murray, JA; Shahin, W | 1 |
| Hata, F; Niioka, S; Nishio, H; Okishio, Y; Takeuchi, T; Yamaji, M; Yamazaki, Y | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Geisler, F; Neuhuber, WL; Schusdziarra, V; Storr, M | 1 |
| Leclere, PG; Lefebvre, RA | 1 |
| Alcón, S; Camello, PJ; Miller, SM; Morales, S; Pozo, MJ; Salido, GM | 1 |
| Edwards, AV; Titchen, DA | 1 |
| Bennett, LA; Johnson, JM; Kellogg, DL; Saad, AR; Stephens, DP | 1 |
| Corkery, PP; Edwards, AV; Edwards, CM | 1 |
| Guzman, EA; Lin, TR; Mulholland, MW; Zhang, W | 1 |
| Adriaensen, D; Cecio, A; Costagliola, A; De Man, JG; Lakomy, M; Majewski, M; Pelckmans, PA; Robberecht, P; Timmermans, JP | 1 |
| Bianciotti, LG; Corbo, NS; Rodríguez, MR; Sabbatini, ME; Vatta, MS | 1 |
| Kawahara, K; Kokubo, A; Nishikitani, M; Saigenji, K; Yasuoka, Y | 1 |
| Hogan, K; Markos, F | 1 |
| Holmgren, S; Sundqvist, M | 1 |
| Barahona, MV; Benedito, S; Bustamante, S; García-Sacristán, A; Hernández, M; Orensanz, LM; Prieto, D; Recio, P; Rivera, L | 1 |
| Hodges, GJ; Johnson, JM; Kellogg, DL; Orozco, CR; Phillips, TM; Zhao, JL | 1 |
| Bornstein, JC; Larsson, MH; Lindström, E; Sapnara, M; Sjövall, H; Svensson, DJ; Thomas, EA | 1 |
| Capouch, J; Faitová, S; Kuncová, J; Slavíková, J; Stengl, M | 1 |
| Lu, YX; Owyang, C; Yao, H; Zhou, SY | 1 |
| Coy, DH; Igarashi, H; Ito, T; Jensen, RT; Kuwano-Kojima, M; Takayanagi, R | 1 |
| Ishii, H; Izumi, H; Niioka, T | 1 |
| Ai, T; Cheng, J; Delapasse, S; Elayda, M; Gao, L; Mathuria, N; Razavi, M; Shurail, M; Sun, J; Wu, G; Xi, Y; Yang, D | 1 |
| Abbasi, S; Cheng, J; Elayda, M; Fan, C; Gao, L; James Chao, ZY; Lin, SF; Mathuria, N; Patel, M; Sun, J; Wang, S; Wehrens, XH; Wu, G; Xi, Y; Yan, W; Yin, X | 1 |
| Cavalcante, AKM; de Andrade, CR; Feitosa Júnior, VN; Santos, AA; Silva, MTB; Siqueira, RCL | 1 |
5 review(s) available for atropine and vasoactive intestinal peptide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Autonomic control of salivary secretion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Ferrets; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Saliva; Salivary Glands; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Salivation; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Pharmacology of the ruminant gastroduodenal junction.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Antidiarrheals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Dogs; Duodenum; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Metoclopramide; Morphine; Serotonin; Sheep; Somatostatin; Stomach; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Pancreatic neuroendocrinology: peripheral neural mechanisms in the regulation of the Islets of Langerhans.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Arteries; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Cholecystokinin; Deoxyglucose; Epinephrine; Gastric Mucosa; Glucagon; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Intestine, Small; Islets of Langerhans; Neurons, Afferent; Neurons, Efferent; Norepinephrine; Pancreas; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Somatostatin; Vagotomy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Receptor for secretagogues on pancreatic acinar cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Calcium; Cholecystokinin; Cyclic GMP; Guinea Pigs; Pancreas; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cholinergic; Secretin; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1980 |
What's new in the esophagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dogs; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophageal Diseases; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagitis; Esophagogastric Junction; Esophagoscopy; Esophagus; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Opossums; Papio; Peristalsis; Rats; Swine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
2 trial(s) available for atropine and vasoactive intestinal peptide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Lack of involvement of the cholinergic mechanism in vasoactive intestinal peptide- and peptide-histidine methionine-induced growth hormone (GH) responses in acromegaly: comparison with the GH responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone and GH-releasing hor
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acromegaly; Adult; Atropine; Basal Metabolism; Female; Growth Hormone; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide PHI; Prolactin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Evidence for a role for vasoactive intestinal peptide in active vasodilatation in the cutaneous vasculature of humans.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Body Temperature Regulation; Cholinergic Fibers; Female; Heat Stress Disorders; Humans; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Skin; Skin Temperature; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 2003 |
237 other study(ies) available for atropine and vasoactive intestinal peptide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Neural components of distension-evoked secretory responses in the guinea-pig distal colon.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Algorithms; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Capsaicin; Chlorides; Colon; Efferent Pathways; Gadolinium; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Nifedipine; Peptide Fragments; Physical Stimulation; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2001 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide excitation of central neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bufo marinus; Central Nervous System; Cerebral Cortex; Gastrointestinal Hormones; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Rats; Spinal Cord; Stimulation, Chemical; Substance P; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1978 |
Assessment of the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on blood flow through and salivation of the dog salivary gland in comparison with those of secretin, glucagon and acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glucagon; Male; Regional Blood Flow; Salivary Glands; Salivation; Secretin; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1979 |
Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on blood flow, motility and fluid transport in the gastrointestinal tract of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Colon; Digestive System; Esophagus; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Gastrointestinal Motility; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Regional Blood Flow; Stomach; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1979 |
Release of gastrointestinal hormones following an oral water load.
Topics: Atropine; Drinking; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; Kinetics; Motilin; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1979 |
Influence of the autonomic nervous system on the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide from the porcine gastrointestinal tract.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium Compounds; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Secretory Rate; Splanchnic Nerves; Swine; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1978 |
Different mechanisms of action of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and glucagon on intestinal secretion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capillary Resistance; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glucagon; Guanethidine; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Water | 1977 |
The effects of VIP on intestinal motility: study on ex vivo perfused isolated canine jejunal loops.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Culture Techniques; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Gastrointestinal Motility; Jejunum; Manometry; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Perfusion; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1976 |
Suppressive effect of carbachol on forskolin-stimulated neurite outgrowth in human neuroblastoma NB-OK1 cells.
Topics: Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbachol; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Gallic Acid; Humans; Inositol; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; Neurites; Neuroblastoma; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Effects of acute and long-term atropine treatment on levels, release and response to VIP and PHI in the submandibular gland of cat and rat.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cyclic AMP; Guanosine Triphosphate; Imipramine; Male; Organ Size; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Peptide PHI; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
The autonomic nervous system modulates dry air-induced constriction in the canine lung periphery.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Autonomic Nervous System; Bronchi; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Bronchoconstriction; Dogs; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Extrinsic control of the release of galanin and VIP from intrinsic nerves of isolated, perfused, porcine ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Galanin; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Myenteric Plexus; Nerve Fibers; Neuropeptides; Norepinephrine; Peptides; Phentolamine; Radioimmunoassay; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
A peptidergic component to vagally induced tracheal vasodilation in the dog.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Female; Laryngeal Nerves; Male; Peptides; Trachea; Vagus Nerve; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1992 |
Vagal stimulation during muscarinic and beta-adrenergic blockade increases atrial contractility and heart rate.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Myocardial Contraction; Propranolol; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Influence of NG-nitro-L-arginine on non-adrenergic non-cholinergic relaxation in the guinea-pig gastric fundus.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastric Fundus; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
The effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on exocrine pancreatic secretion in dogs.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Dogs; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuropeptides; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Proteins; Secretin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Cholinergic mechanisms for secretin release after intraduodenal alkalinization in the anaesthetized rabbit.
Topics: Alkalies; Animals; Atropine; Carbonates; Duodenum; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections; Male; Parasympathomimetics; Rabbits; Secretin; Solutions; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Cholinergic mechanisms involved in the effect of intraduodenal ethanol on exocrine pancreatic secretion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Duodenum; Ethanol; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Secretin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Effects of chronic atropine administration on regional vasoactive intestinal polypeptide concentrations in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Brain; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Enteric GABA: mode of action and role in the regulation of the peristaltic reflex.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cell Separation; Colon; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Muscle, Smooth; Peristalsis; Rats; Reflex; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Effect of intracavernous simultaneous injection of acetylcholine and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on canine penile erection.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Injections; Male; Penile Erection; Penis; Pressure; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Release of nitric oxide upon stimulation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves in the rat gastric fundus.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastric Fundus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Evidence against the involvement of vasoactive intestinal peptide in ovine parotid secretion and blood flow.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Electric Stimulation; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Parotid Gland; Phosphates; Potassium; Saliva; Salivation; Sheep; Stimulation, Chemical; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Neurokinin inhibition of cholinergic myenteric neurons in canine antrum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dinoprostone; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Neurokinin A; Neurons; Nifedipine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pyloric Antrum; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Effects of substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on contractile activity and epithelial transport in the ferret jejunum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Biological Transport; Epithelium; Ferrets; Gastrointestinal Motility; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Muscles; Myenteric Plexus; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Human isolated ileum: motor responses of the circular muscle to electrical field stimulation and exogenous neuropeptides.
Topics: Aged; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Galanin; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurokinin A; Neuropeptides; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, Neurokinin-2; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Substance P; Tachykinins; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
The vagal nerves and peptides in the control of extrahepatic biliary motility. An experimental study in the cat.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Biliary Tract; Cats; Cholecystokinin; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Movement; Muscle Contraction; Propranolol; Sincalide; Stimulation, Chemical; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Neuropeptides and airway submucosal gland secretion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocrine Glands; Glycoproteins; In Vitro Techniques; Methacholine Chloride; Mucous Membrane; Substance P; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
On the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic contribution to the parasympathetic nerve-evoked secretion of parotid saliva in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Drug Combinations; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Methacholine Chloride; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saliva; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Carbachol enhances forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation via activation of calmodulin system in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Topics: Adenosine; Alprostadil; Atropine; Calmodulin; Carbachol; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Drug Synergism; Humans; Kinetics; Naphthalenes; Neuroblastoma; Pertussis Toxin; Polycyclic Compounds; Protein Kinase C; Trifluoperazine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
Compartment analysis of vascular effects of neuropeptides and capsaicin in the pig nasal mucosa.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Chlorisondamine; Nasal Mucosa; Neuropeptides; Substance P; Swine; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Endothelium-dependent nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neural relaxation in guinea pig pulmonary artery.
Topics: Acetamides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Capsaicin; Chymotrypsin; Drug Interactions; Endothelium, Vascular; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; omega-N-Methylarginine; Phenyl Ethers; Propranolol; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; Pulmonary Artery; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Cerebral vascular effects of peptide histidine methionine in canine and bovine species.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Burimamide; Cattle; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Histamine; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Norepinephrine; Peptide PHI; Propranolol; Serotonin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoconstriction; Vertebral Artery | 1991 |
Evidence for vasoactive intestinal peptide as a mediator of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurotransmission in the trachea.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Sermorelin; Synaptic Transmission; Trachea; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Muscarinic modulation of the vasodilatory effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide at the rat thyroid gland.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1991 |
Rat sublingual gland as a model to study glandular mucous cell secretion.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Carbohydrates; Cell Aggregation; Epinephrine; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Models, Biological; Mucins; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sublingual Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Effects of epithelium removal on relaxation of airway smooth muscle induced by vasoactive intestinal peptide and electrical field stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Captopril; Electric Stimulation; Endopeptidases; Epithelium; Glycopeptides; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Propranolol; Protease Inhibitors; Thiorphan; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Effects of arterial infusions of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on vagal excitatory motor responses in the rabbit stomach 'in vivo'.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Muscle, Smooth; Rabbits; Stomach; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Protein secretion in salivary glands of cats in vivo and in vitro in response to vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Parotid Gland; Proteins; Saliva; Salivary Glands; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Co-release of PHI and VIP in dog stomach by peripheral and central vagal stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, Gel; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Peptide PHI; Regional Blood Flow; Stomach; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Cholinergic regulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide content and release in rat frontal cortex and hippocampus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Cortex; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Influence of acetylcholine, peptides, and other vasodilators on endogenous noradrenaline overflow and vasoconstriction in canine blood perfused gracilis muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Felodipine; Female; Male; Muscles; Neuromuscular Junction; Nifedipine; Nitroglycerin; Norepinephrine; Perfusion; Regional Blood Flow; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilator Agents | 1985 |
Complementary action of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide on the rat parotid secretion.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Female; Nerve Degeneration; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saliva; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Neurons dissociated from rat myenteric plexus retain differentiated properties when grown in cell culture. II. Electrophysiological properties and responses to neurotransmitter candidates.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Cell Differentiation; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Methionine; Myenteric Plexus; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Substance P; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Pharmacological analysis of autonomic innervation of the right atria of rats and guinea pigs: demonstration of nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atenolol; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Denervation; Electric Stimulation; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Rate; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Non-cholinergic neurotransmission and the effects of peptides on the urinary bladder of guinea-pigs and rabbits.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Chymotrypsin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Guinea Pigs; Muscle Contraction; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurotensin; Peptides; Rabbits; Somatostatin; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Urinary Bladder; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Bovine pancreatic polypeptide as an antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cyclic AMP; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Peptide Fragments; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Secretin; Secretory Rate; Sincalide; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Neuropeptides and secretion.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Female; Male; Neurokinin A; Neuropeptides; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saliva; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
M-1 and M-2 muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat neostriatum: a permissive role for D-2 dopamine receptors.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Adenosine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Atropine; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Male; Oxotremorine; Pirenzepine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sulpiride; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Development of non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic excitatory and inhibitory responses to intramural nerve stimulation in rat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic salivary secretion in the ferret.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carnivora; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ferrets; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Neurokinin A; Neuropeptides; Saliva; Salivary Glands; Substance P; Tachykinins; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Capsaicin-sensitive nerves are involved in bile-oleate-induced intestinal hyperemia.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bile; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperemia; Immune Sera; Jejunum; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Regional Blood Flow; Reserpine; Sincalide; Splanchnic Circulation; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Human isolated small intestine: motor responses of the longitudinal muscle to field stimulation and exogenous neuropeptides.
Topics: Aged; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Electric Stimulation; Female; Galanin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; Pancuronium; Peptides; Tachykinins; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Release of VIP and substance P from isolated perfused canine ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dogs; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Peptide Fragments; Perfusion; Radioimmunoassay; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Effects of capsaicin pretreatment on neuropeptides and salivary secretion of rat parotid glands.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Denervation; Female; Neuropeptides; Organ Size; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Salivation; Substance P; Tachykinins; Urinary Bladder; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Identification of neurotransmitters regulating intestinal peristaltic reflex in humans.
Topics: Atropine; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Motor Neurons; Neurokinin A; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peristalsis; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
TRH-induced vagal stimulation of duodenal HCO-3 mediated by VIP and muscarinic pathways.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; beta-Endorphin; Bicarbonates; Brain; Carbachol; Chlorisondamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenum; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Muscarine; Neurotensin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Developmental differences in neurohumoral modulation of the cat lower esophageal sphincter.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Epinephrine; Esophagogastric Junction; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotine; Phenylephrine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide binding to specific receptors on rat parotid acinar cells induces amylase secretion accompanied by intracellular accumulation of cyclic adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Cyclic AMP; Epinephrine; Parotid Gland; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Effects of peptidases on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory responses of tracheal smooth muscle: a comparison with effects on VIP- and PHI-induced relaxation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Chymotrypsin; Electric Stimulation; Endopeptidases; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Papain; Peptide PHI; Propranolol; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
The effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) antagonists, and VIP and peptide histidine isoleucine antisera on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxations of tracheal smooth muscle.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Antibodies; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Peptide PHI; Propranolol; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Influence of VIP antiserum and VIP antagonists on the effect of VIP and of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurone stimulation in the cat gastric fundus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Cats; Gastric Fundus; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Relaxation; Neurons; Serotonin; Swine; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
VIP augments cholinergic-induced glycoconjugate secretion in tracheal submucosal glands.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Drug Synergism; Exocrine Glands; Glycoconjugates; Glycoproteins; In Vitro Techniques; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Mucus; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Evidence of local mechanism involvement in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release from canine small intestine.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Bile; Cattle; Ceruletide; Dogs; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Glucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestinal Secretions; Intestine, Small; Radioimmunoassay; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
The non-adrenergic non-cholinergic innervation and transmission in the small intestine.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide facilitates the late component of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced discharge in the cat superior cervical ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Postganglionic; Cats; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Membrane Potentials; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tropanes; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Effects of hexamethonium and atropine on the basal levels of immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Digestive System; Dogs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Radioimmunoassay; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veins | 1986 |
Corelease of PHI and VIP by vagal stimulation in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, Gel; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Peptide PHI; Portal Vein; Tissue Extracts; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on gastric motility in the lamb.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Sheep; Stomach, Ruminant; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Regulatory mechanisms in the luminal and portal release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide during vagal nerve stimulation in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Jejunum; Kinetics; Male; Reference Values; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Gastric vasodilatation and vasoactive intestinal peptide output in response to vagal stimulation in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Stomach; Vagus Nerve; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1988 |
Different innervation mechanisms between the lesser and greater curvature of guinea pig antrum.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Chymotrypsin; Female; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Phentolamine; Prazosin; Propranolol; Pyloric Antrum; Tetrodotoxin; Theophylline; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Yohimbine | 1989 |
Carbachol stimulation of inositol phosphate accumulation in rat submandibular gland fragments is not modified by VIP.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colforsin; Inositol Phosphates; Male; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Submandibular Gland; Sugar Phosphates; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Comparison of atriopeptins II and III, VIP and beta 2-adrenoceptor-evoked relaxations of the two layers of smooth muscle in the rat portal vein.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Atropine; Female; Isoproterenol; Methoxamine; Methylene Blue; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Norepinephrine; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Mechanism of chloride secretion induced by carbachol in a colonic epithelial cell line.
Topics: Alprostadil; Atropine; Barium; Bumetanide; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbachol; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Colon; Cyclic AMP; Drug Synergism; Electric Conductivity; Epithelium; Humans; Kinetics; Potassium; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Colonic peristaltic reflex: identification of vasoactive intestinal peptide as mediator of descending relaxation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Immune Sera; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Peristalsis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Reflex; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
In vitro effects of a mixture of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins on chloride flux in everted jejunal sacs of male pigs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bacterial Toxins; Chlorides; Clonidine; Enterotoxins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Intestinal Absorption; Jejunum; Male; Morphine; Pilocarpine; Swine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Autonomic control and vascular changes during penile erection in monkeys.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Haplorhini; Macaca fascicularis; Macaca nemestrina; Male; Papio; Penile Erection; Penis; Regional Blood Flow; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Developmental interactions between sweat glands and the sympathetic neurons which innervate them: effects of delayed innervation on neurotransmitter plasticity and gland maturation.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Hydroxydopamines; Muscarine; Neuronal Plasticity; Oxidopamine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Sweat Glands; Sweating; Sympathetic Nervous System; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
[Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on the motility of guinea-pig colon in vitro].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Effect of peptide YY on insulin release stimulated by 2-deoxyglucose and neuropeptides in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol Compounds; Blood Glucose; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Dogs; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Neuropeptides; Peptide YY; Peptides; Tetragastrin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Immunocytochemical and pharmacological evidence for an intrinsic cholinomimetic system modulating prolactin and growth hormone release in rat pituitary.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Benztropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dexamethasone; Female; Growth Hormone; Hemicholinium 3; Histocytochemistry; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Isoproterenol; Male; Naphthylvinylpyridine; Organ Culture Techniques; Pirenzepine; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
The effects of isoproterenol on intracellular calcium concentration.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cattle; Colforsin; Isoproterenol; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phorbol Esters; Propranolol; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Stimulation of rabbit lacrimal gland secretion with biologically active peptides.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eye Proteins; Lacrimal Apparatus; Male; Peptide PHI; Peptides; Rabbits; Sincalide; Stimulation, Chemical; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Comparison of proteins in lacrimal gland fluid secreted in response to different stimuli.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Eye Proteins; Lacrimal Apparatus; Ocular Physiological Phenomena; Propoxycaine; Reflex; Stimulation, Chemical; Tears; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Effects of the vagus nerves on gastric motility and release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the anaesthetized lamb.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Gastrointestinal Motility; Pentobarbital; Sheep; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Cutaneous blood flow and local sweating after systemic atropine administration.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Body Temperature Regulation; Forearm; Humans; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Exertion; Regional Blood Flow; Skin; Skin Temperature; Sweating; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoconstriction | 1987 |
Relaxant effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine isoleucine in human and bovine pulmonary arteries.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Cattle; Endothelium; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Peptide PHI; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pulmonary Artery; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Central effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on intraocular pressure and body temperature in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventricular; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Pupil; Rabbits; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Development and properties of the secretory response in rat sweat glands: relationship to the induction of cholinergic function in sweat gland innervation.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Isoproterenol; Norepinephrine; Rats; Sciatic Nerve; Sweat Glands; Sweating; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Atropine potentiates neurogenic vasodilatation of the feline infraorbital artery: possible mechanisms.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arteries; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Face; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neurons; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1987 |
Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on acetylcholine stimulation of rat submandibular gland.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Circadian Rhythm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Secretory Rate; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Effects of avian pancreatic peptide on smooth muscle relaxations by vasoactive intestinal peptide and inhibitory nerve stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Chickens; Colon; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neural Inhibition; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Rats; Regional Blood Flow; Submandibular Gland; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1986 |
Release of immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the gallbladder in response to vagal stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gallbladder; Male; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Syndromes of a complex lesion of greater and lesser superficial petrosal nerves (paradoxical facial hyperaemia, salivation, lacrimation and mucus excretion).
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Facial Nerve Injuries; Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Salivation; Syndrome; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Distribution and vasomotor effects of peptide HI (PHI) in feline cerebral blood vessels in vitro and in situ.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Cimetidine; Cocaine; Dinoprost; Immunochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Peptide PHI; Peptides; Pia Mater; Propranolol; Prostaglandins F; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1985 |
The effects of centrally administered neuropeptides on the development of gastric lesions in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cisterna Magna; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Gastric Mucosa; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Injections; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stress, Physiological; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide which coexists with acetylcholine decreases acetylcholine turnover in mouse salivary glands.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Choline; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Mice; Neurons; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pilocarpine; Salivary Glands; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Influence of secretagogues on volume and protein pattern in rabbit lacrimal fluid.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electrophoresis; Eledoisin; Epinephrine; Eye Proteins; Phentolamine; Pindolol; Rabbits; Stimulation, Chemical; Sympatholytics; Tears; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1985 |
Calcium-dependent enhancement by carbachol of the VIP-induced cyclic AMP accumulation in cat submandibular gland.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cats; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Ethanol; Phospholipids; Receptors, Muscarinic; Submandibular Gland; Trifluoperazine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide stimulation of protein secretion from rat lacrimal gland acini.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cyclic AMP; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Lacrimal Apparatus; Male; Peroxidases; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stimulation, Chemical; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Neither vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) nor purine derivatives may mediate non-adrenergic tracheal inhibition.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Purines; Synaptic Transmission; Theophylline; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Corelease of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and peptide histidine isoleucine in relation to atropine-resistant vasodilation in cat submandibular salivary gland.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Vessels; Cats; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Peptide PHI; Peptides; Submandibular Gland; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1984 |
Distinctive pharmacological profile of a nonadrenergic inhibitory system in bullfrog lung.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Dipyridamole; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Lung; Muscle Relaxation; Norepinephrine; Quinidine; Rana catesbeiana; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and muscarinic receptors: supersensitivity induced by long-term atropine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Salivary Glands; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide into the cerebrospinal fluid of the fourth ventricle of the rat: involvement of cholinergic mechanism.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Ventricles; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veratridine | 1983 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibitory innervation in bovine mesenteric lymphatics. A histochemical and pharmacological study.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bradykinin; Bretylium Compounds; Cattle; Lymphatic System; Mesentery; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Neurotransmitter Agents; Propranolol; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Relaxant effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and bethanechol in cat intrapulmonary artery.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Cats; Drug Interactions; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Phenylephrine; Pulmonary Artery; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
The influence of somatostatin on gallbladder response to intraduodenal acid and autonomic nerve stimulation in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Duodenum; Electric Stimulation; Gallbladder; Hydrochloric Acid; Injections; Injections, Intravenous; Secretin; Somatostatin; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1984 |
The vagal control of the pyloric motor function: a physiological and immunohistochemical study in cat and man.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Male; Pyloric Antrum; Pylorus; Stomach; Substance P; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1980 |
Pharmacological characterization of the autonomous innervation of the guinea pig tracheobronchial smooth muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Bronchi; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Substance P; Sympatholytics; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Complementary role of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and acetylcholine for cat submandibular gland blood flow and secretion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Kinetics; Regional Blood Flow; Submandibular Gland; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1982 |
VIP as a mediator of hexamethonium-sensitive, atropine-resistant vasodilation in the cat tongue.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lingual Nerve; Substance P; Tongue; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1982 |
Substance P is a functional neurotransmitter in the rat parotid gland.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Parotid Gland; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Effects of antidromic trigeminal nerve stimulation in relation to parasympathetic vasodilation in cat nasal mucosa.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium Compounds; Nasal Mucosa; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Regional Blood Flow; Substance P; Trigeminal Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1983 |
Neural vasodilator control in the rectum of the cat and its possible mediation by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Hemodynamics; Muscle Contraction; Rectum; Regional Blood Flow; Substance P; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1983 |
Neuropeptide action on the guinea-pig bladder; a comparison with the effects of field stimulation and ATP.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Chymotrypsin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Substance P; Swine; Urinary Bladder; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Influence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on net water flux and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate formation in the rat jejunum.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Atropine; Body Water; Cyclic AMP; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Jejunum; Morphine; Rats; Theophylline; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1980 |
cAMP in guinea-pig superior cervical ganglia during preganglionic nerve stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Male; Phentolamine; Potassium; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Exocrine secretion of epidermal growth factor from Brunner's glands. Stimulation by VIP and acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Brunner Glands; Drug Synergism; Duodenum; Epidermal Growth Factor; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stimulation, Chemical; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
The effect of insulin-induced hypoglycemia with and without atropine on plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in man.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Gastric Acid; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Insulin Coma; Male; Receptors, Nicotinic; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Haemodynamics of pelvic nerve induced penile erection in the dog: possible mediation by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Male; Pelvis; Penis; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1984 |
Vascular effects of the peptides PYY and PHI: comparison with APP and VIP.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hemodynamics; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Peptide PHI; Peptide YY; Peptides; Regional Blood Flow; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 1982 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and cholinergic mechanisms in cat nasal mucosa: studies on choline acetyltransferase and release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Nasal Mucosa; Regional Blood Flow; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP): effect on rabbit uterine smooth muscle in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dinoprost; Evoked Potentials; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Muscle, Smooth; Oxytocin; Prostaglandins F; Rabbits; Sympatholytics; Uterine Contraction; Uterus; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Evidence for coexistence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and acetylcholine in neurons of cat exocrine glands. Morphological, biochemical and functional studies.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cell Fractionation; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Exocrine Glands; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Nasal Mucosa; Neurons; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Radioimmunoassay; Salivation; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1981 |
Neurogenic relaxation mediated by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the isthmus of the human fallopian tube.
Topics: Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Propranolol; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasopressins | 1982 |
The effect of atropine on plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide after intraduodenal infusion of fat in man.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; Male; Triglycerides; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1982 |
Nervous release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide from the feline uterus: pharmacological characteristics.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neurons, Efferent; Pelvis; Regional Blood Flow; Sympatholytics; Time Factors; Uterus; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1982 |
Avian pancreatic polypeptide (APP) inhibits atropine resistant vasodilation in cat submandibular salivary gland and nasal mucosa: possible interaction with VIP.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Drug Resistance; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Nasal Mucosa; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Regional Blood Flow; Salivation; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1980 |
Vagal release of IR-VIP and IR-gastrin from the isolated perfused rat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on cerebral blood flow in the goat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Goats; Naloxone; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1981 |
Complementary role of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and acetylcholine for cat submandibular gland blood flow and secretion. II. Effects of cholinergic antagonists and VIP antiserum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium Compounds; Immune Sera; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Salivation; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 1981 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide in relation to atropine resistant vasodilatation in the submaxillary gland of the cat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bradykinin; Cats; Chorda Tympani Nerve; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Heart Rate; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Regional Blood Flow; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1980 |
Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide and acetylcholine on penile erection in the rat in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Injections; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Penile Erection; Penis; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Distinct populations of sensory neurons mediate the peristaltic reflex elicited by muscle stretch and mucosal stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Capsaicin; Colon; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Denervation; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons, Afferent; Nitroarginine; Peristalsis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Influence of atropine on the depletion of vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide from rat parotid gland in response to parasympathetic nerve stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Electric Stimulation; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Response of colonic smooth muscle from newborn and adult rabbits to electrical field stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginine; Atropine; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rabbits; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Cholinergic and VIP-ergic pathways mediate histamine H2 receptor-induced cyclical secretion in the guinea pig colon.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amiloride; Animals; Atropine; Choline; Colon; Dimaprit; Electric Conductivity; Guinea Pigs; Histamine Release; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Histamine H2; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Distension-induced electrogenic Cl- secretion is mediated via VIP-ergic neurons in rat rectal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chlorides; Colon; Electrophysiology; Immune Sera; Male; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rectum; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Autonomic regulation of tissue resistance in the guinea pig lung.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Capsaicin; Guinea Pigs; Lung; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Respiration, Artificial; Substance P; Tachykinins; Vagotomy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Vagal control of nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release in the regulation of gastric relaxation in rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Male; Motor Activity; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Effects of cerebral TRH on intestinal water transport: role of vagal, muscarinic, and VIP pathways.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biological Transport; Brain; Chlorisondamine; Dogs; Injections; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscarine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Water | 1995 |
Structural and functional changes of exocrine pancreas induced by FK506 in rats.
Topics: Amylases; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Body Weight; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbachol; Cholecystokinin; Colforsin; Cytosol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Feeding Behavior; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylscopolamine; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Reference Values; Scopolamine; Scopolamine Derivatives; Secretin; Sincalide; Tacrolimus; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Time Factors; Trypsinogen; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
A study on the peptidergic nerves (VIP, substance P) in the colon of patients with diverticular disease.
Topics: Atropine; Colon; Diverticulitis, Colonic; Electric Stimulation; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Direct and indirect mechanosensory pathways from the colon to the inferior mesenteric ganglion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Electrophysiology; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Physical Stimulation; Substance P; Tubocurarine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
The activity of thymidine kinase in homogenates of rat thyroid lobes incubated in vitro in the presence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; interactions with atropine and carbachol.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Epidermal Growth Factor; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thymidine Kinase; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Role of nitric oxide in non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxation and modulation of excitatory neuroeffector transmission in the cat airway.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Cats; Cysteine; Electric Stimulation; Guanethidine; Membrane Potentials; Methylene Blue; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotransmitter Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Oxyhemoglobins; S-Nitrosothiols; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Effects of acute intravenous ethanol on basal exocrine pancreatic secretion in rat: cholinergic involvement.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Ethanol; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Secretin; Secretory Rate; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Vagal release of vasoactive intestinal peptide can promote vagotonic tachycardia in the isolated innervated rat heart.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Perfusion; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tachycardia; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Modulation of relaxant responses evoked by a nitric oxide donor and by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic stimulation by isozyme-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors in guinea pig trachea.
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Animals; Atropine; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Electric Stimulation; Guanidines; Guinea Pigs; Indomethacin; Isoenzymes; Muscle Relaxation; Nitric Oxide; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Propranolol; Purinones; Pyridazines; Pyrrolidinones; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Rolipram; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Xanthines | 1995 |
Depletion of secretory granules from the feline parotid gland: action of NANC transmitters per se.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Bethanechol Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cats; Cytoplasmic Granules; Electric Stimulation; Female; Histocytochemistry; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: a transmitter in submucous neurons mediating secretion in guinea pig distal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Guinea Pigs; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
HCl-stimulated duodenal HCO3- secretion in conscious rat. Interactions among VIP, nicotinic receptor mechanisms, and prostaglandins.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Hydrochloric Acid; Indomethacin; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Wakefulness | 1994 |
Nitric oxide regulates peptide release from parasympathetic nerves and vascular reactivity to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cyclic GMP; Electric Stimulation; Female; Male; Milrinone; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Nitroprusside; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Pyridones; Regional Blood Flow; Submandibular Gland; Swine; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1994 |
Nitric oxide involvement in the peptide VIP-associated inhibitory junction potential in the guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nifedipine; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Mechanisms involved in the control of exocrine pancreatic secretion in the interdigestive state in the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Duodenum; Fasting; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Models, Biological; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Perfusion; Rabbits; Secretin; Secretory Rate; Species Specificity; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Furosemide and bumetanide, but not nedocromil sodium, modulate nonadrenergic relaxation in guinea pig trachea in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Bumetanide; Chymotrypsin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electric Stimulation; Female; Furosemide; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Nedocromil; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; omega-N-Methylarginine; Premedication; Propranolol; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1994 |
Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on myocardial performance.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Diastole; Dogs; Heart; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Infusions, Intravenous; Propranolol; Systole; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Venae Cavae | 1994 |
In vitro release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and pancreatic polypeptide from human VIPoma cells and its inhibition by somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995).
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Carbachol; Ceruletide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Octreotide; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Theophylline; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vipoma | 1994 |
Plasticity in the gastric inhibitory innervation after immunization against VIP and vagotomy in the ferret.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Atropine; Compliance; Elasticity; Electric Stimulation; Ferrets; Gastrointestinal Motility; Immunization; Male; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Nitric oxide-related vasodilator responses to parasympathetic stimulation of the submandibular gland in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Propranolol; Salivation; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1993 |
Breakdown of membrane choline-phospholipids induced by endogenous and exogenous muscarinic agonist is potentiated by VIP in rat submandibular gland.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colforsin; Drug Synergism; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membranes; Parasympathomimetics; Perfusion; Phosphatidylcholines; Phospholipases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Signal Transduction; Stimulation, Chemical; Submandibular Gland; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Enhancement by atropine of the pancreatic exocrine secretions evoked by vagal stimulation in the pithed rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Islets of Langerhans; Male; Methacholine Compounds; Pancreatic Juice; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Nitric oxide mediates, and acetylcholine modulates, neurally induced relaxation of bovine cerebral arteries.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Cattle; Cerebral Arteries; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Physostigmine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Modulation of cholinergic neural bronchoconstriction by endogenous nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide in human airways in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adolescent; Adult; Arginine; Atropine; Bronchi; Child; Child, Preschool; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Isomerism; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; omega-N-Methylarginine; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Action of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide on ion transport in guinea pig distal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biological Transport; Chlorides; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Furosemide; Guinea Pigs; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Intestinal Mucosa; Ions; Male; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Peptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
An electrophysiological study of developmental changes in the innervation of the guinea-pig taenia coli.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Carbachol; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neuromuscular Junction; Norepinephrine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pregnancy; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Regulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion by cerebral TRH and CGRP: role of VIP, muscarinic, and adrenergic pathways.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Chlorisondamine; Male; Muscarine; Norepinephrine; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathetic Nervous System; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vagotomy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Motilin and erythromycin stimulate pepsinogen secretion by chief cells isolated from guinea pig stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cholecystokinin; Dinoprostone; Erythromycin; Gastric Mucosa; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Motilin; Pepsinogens; Secretin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
The combination of VIP and atropine induces REM sleep in cats rendered insomniac by PCPA.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Female; Fenclonine; Male; Reaction Time; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep, REM; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Tissue-specific and developmental expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptors in rat brain.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Atropine; Base Sequence; Brain; Carbachol; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Inositol Phosphates; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuropeptides; Norepinephrine; Organ Specificity; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I; Receptors, Pituitary Hormone; RNA Splicing; Sympatholytics; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Nitric oxide and release of the peptide VIP from parasympathetic terminals in the submandibular gland of the anaesthetized cat.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Rate; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroprusside; Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Parasympatholytics; Regional Blood Flow; Saliva; Submandibular Gland; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Pharmacologic studies on the mechanism of melatonin-induced vasorelaxation in rat aorta.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Lidocaine; Male; Melatonin; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Sympatholytics; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoconstriction; Vasomotor System | 1995 |
Depletion of vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P in parotid glands of atropinized rats during reflex secretion.
Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Body Weight; Capsaicin; Diet; Female; Neuropeptide Y; Organ Size; Parotid Gland; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Substance P; Sympathectomy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Effect of parasympathetic and sensory transmitters on human epicardial coronary arteries and veins.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adult; Aged; Arteries; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Coronary Vessels; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veins | 1996 |
Electrophoretic analysis of rat parotid salivary protein composition: investigation of the parasympathetic atropine-resistant secretion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electrophoresis; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Interstitial cells of Cajal mediate inhibitory neurotransmission in the stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Connective Tissue; Connective Tissue Cells; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Female; Gastric Fundus; Heterozygote; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitroprusside; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pyloric Antrum; Stem Cell Factor; Stomach; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Characterization of the apamin- and L-nitroarginine-resistant NANC inhibitory transmission to the circular muscle of guinea-pig colon.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Indoles; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitroarginine; Piperidines; Protease Inhibitors; Quinuclidines; Thiorphan; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a potent intestinal, but not gastric, vasodilator in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Digestive System; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Muscle Contraction; Splanchnic Circulation; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 1996 |
Effects of various peptides on isolated rabbit lower esophageal sphincter.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Diphenhydramine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Esophagogastric Junction; Male; Motilin; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptide Y; Peptides; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rabbits; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Effects of organotypic culture on parasympathetic innervation of guinea pig trachealis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagus; Guinea Pigs; Male; Molsidomine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Organ Culture Techniques; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Trachea; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Vagal nerve stimulation increases right ventricular contraction and relaxation and heart rate.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; Hormone Antagonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Propranolol; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Ventricular Function, Right | 1996 |
Effects of PACAP and VIP on adrenal progesterone release.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Alprenolol; Animals; Atropine; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Female; Granulosa Cells; Hexamethonium; Hysterectomy; Naltrexone; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Ovariectomy; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
PACAPs stimulate duodenal bicarbonate secretion at PACAP receptors in the rat.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Cyclic AMP; Dinoprostone; Duodenum; Gastric Mucosa; Indomethacin; Male; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Receptors, Pituitary Hormone; Secretory Rate; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Verapamil | 1997 |
Canine adrenal catecholamine response to VIP is blocked by PACAP-(6-27) in vivo.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channels; Catecholamines; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Male; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nifedipine; Peptide Fragments; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Multiple transmitter control of catecholamine secretion in rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Catecholamines; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin Cells; Electric Stimulation; Exocytosis; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Evidence that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is a parasympathetic neurotransmitter in the endocrine pancreas in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nerve Fibers; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Staining and Labeling; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-27 causes a biphasic chronotropic effect and atrial fibrillation in autonomically decentralized, anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Propranolol; Sinoatrial Node; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Excitatory and inhibitory actions of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) in the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle: sites of actions.
Topics: Anal Canal; Animals; Atropine; Guanethidine; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Opossums; Peptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Neurohormonal mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Brunner Glands; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reserpine; Smoking; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Wound Healing | 1997 |
PACAP-27 causes negative and positive dromotropic effects in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Conduction System; Male; Neural Conduction; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympatholytics; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Nitric oxide and parasympathetic vascular and secretory control of the dog nasal mucosa.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Histocytochemistry; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; Maxillary Artery; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nasal Mucosa; Neuropeptide Y; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Nitroprusside; Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Propranolol; Regional Blood Flow; Trigeminal Nerve; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Interaction between vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the isolated rat lacrimal gland.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Eye Proteins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Lacrimal Apparatus; Male; Neuropeptide Y; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tears; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Role of laminin-1, collagen IV, and an autocrine factor(s) in regulated secretion by lacrimal acinar cells.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Atropine; Basement Membrane; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Collagen; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Growth Substances; Lacrimal Apparatus; Laminin; Male; Peroxidases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tears; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Luminance-dependent decrease in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Light; Lighting; Male; Pupil; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Effect of VIP and PACAP on basal release of serotonin from isolated vascularly and luminally perfused rat duodenum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Neuropeptides; Nitroarginine; Peptide Fragments; Perfusion; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Swine; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) induces duodenal phasic contractions via the vagal cholinergic nerves in sheep.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Sheep; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Effects of neurotransmitters, gut hormones, and inflammatory mediators on mucus discharge in rat colon.
Topics: 16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bombesin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Colon; Enteric Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Inflammation; Interleukin-1; Intestinal Mucosa; Isoproterenol; Lasalocid; Male; Mucus; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitroprusside; Peptide Fragments; Peptide YY; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Vagal nerve stimulation releases vasoactive intestinal peptide which significantly increases coronary artery blood flow.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Coronary Circulation; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hormone Antagonists; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nitroglycerin; Propranolol; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 1998 |
The effect of VIP/PACAP family of peptides on pancreatic blood flow and secretion in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Consciousness; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Male; Neuropeptides; Pancreas; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Regional Blood Flow; Secretin; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 1998 |
Cholinergic stimulation and nonadrenergic, noncholinergic relaxation of human colonic circular muscle in idiopathic chronic constipation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Chronic Disease; Colon; Constipation; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
A role of peptidergic nerves in the internal anal sphincter of Hirschsprung's disease.
Topics: Aged; Anal Canal; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglia, Autonomic; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rectal Neoplasms; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
Effect of VIP and PACAP on vascular and luminal release of serotonin from isolated perfused rat duodenum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuropeptides; Nitroarginine; Perfusion; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Portal System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Neuroregulation by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) of mucus secretion in ferret trachea: activation of BK(Ca) channels and inhibition of neurotransmitter release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Antibodies; Atropine; Chymotrypsin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ferrets; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mucus; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Phentolamine; Piperidines; Potassium Channels; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Tachykinin; Trachea; Tritium; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
Rapid eye movement sleep induction by vasoactive intestinal peptide infused into the oral pontine tegmentum of the rat may involve muscarinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Carbachol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Microinjections; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pirenzepine; Pons; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sleep, REM; Tritium; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
Muscarinic stimulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in isolated rat pancreatic acini.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; In Vitro Techniques; Islets of Langerhans; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Sincalide; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Vagus nerve modulates secretin binding sites in the rat forestomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Capsaicin; Cell Membrane; Colchicine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glucagon; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; Peptide PHI; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Secretin; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-related peptides on cholinergic neurogenic and direct mucus secretion in ferret trachea in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Electric Stimulation; Ferrets; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mucus; Neuropeptides; Phentolamine; Piperidines; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Propranolol; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Secretin; Trachea; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
PACAP and nitric oxide inhibit contractions in the proximal intestine of the atlantic cod, Gadus morhua.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fishes; Guanylate Cyclase; In Vitro Techniques; Intestines; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroarginine; Nitroprusside; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Control of salt gland activity in the hatchling green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Atropine; Australia; Epinephrine; Methacholine Chloride; Neuropeptide Y; Osmolar Concentration; Salt Gland; Sodium Chloride; Turtles; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasotocin | 2000 |
Inhibition by CCK of ascending contraction elicited by mucosal stimulation in the duodenum of the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Depression, Chemical; Devazepide; Duodenum; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitroarginine; Oligopeptides; Parasympatholytics; Peristalsis; Phentolamine; Phenylurea Compounds; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Sincalide; Tetragastrin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Evidence that adenosine 5'-triphosphate is the third inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurotransmitter in the rat gastric fundus.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Fundus; Guanethidine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Nerve Tissue; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitroprusside; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 2000 |
Role of cGMP as a mediator of nerve-induced motor functions of the opossum esophagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cyclic GMP; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagogastric Junction; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanylate Cyclase; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Opossums; Oxadiazoles; Parasympatholytics; Quinoxalines; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Mediators of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic relaxation in Sprague Dawley rat intestine: comparison with the mediators of other strains.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Ileum; Jejunum; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Peptide Fragments; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Species Specificity; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Characterization of vagal input to the rat esophageal muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagus; Galanin; Gastrointestinal Agents; Hexamethonium; Hydrazines; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroarginine; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxadiazoles; Parasympatholytics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2001 |
Presynaptic modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in the human proximal stomach.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atropine; Benzofurans; Brimonidine Tartrate; Dioxanes; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Female; Gastric Fundus; Gastrointestinal Agents; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroprusside; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Serotonin Antagonists; Stomach; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Yohimbine | 2002 |
Relaxation of canine gallbladder to nerve stimulation involves adrenergic and non-adrenergic non-cholinergic mechanisms.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Carbon Monoxide; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gallbladder; Guanethidine; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; NADP; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2001 |
The effect of parasympathetic postganglionic denervation on parotid salivary protein secretion in anaesthetized sheep.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Parasympathectomy; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Parotid Gland; Potassium; Proteins; Salvia; Sheep; Sodium; Sympathetic Nervous System; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilator Agents | 2002 |
Reciprocal activity of longitudinal and circular muscle during intestinal peristaltic reflex.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parasympatholytics; Peristalsis; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Reflex; Somatostatin; Tachykinins; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2003 |
Submandibular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation in anesthetized sheep.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Carotid Arteries; Chorda Tympani Nerve; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; Electric Stimulation; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Regional Blood Flow; Saliva; Sheep; Submandibular Gland; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2003 |
Stimulation of rat pancreatic exocrine secretion by urocortin and corticotropin releasing factor.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyclic AMP; Humans; Male; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Time Factors; Urocortins; Vagotomy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2003 |
Coexistence of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in a large neuronal subpopulation in the vaginal segment of the chicken oviduct.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Atropine; Chickens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Galanin; Guanethidine; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitroarginine; Nitroglycerin; Oviducts; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Vagina; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2004 |
C-type natriuretic peptide applied to the brain enhances exocrine pancreatic secretion through a vagal pathway.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Atropine; Brain; Cyclic GMP; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pancreas; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Secretin; Sincalide; Thionucleotides; Time Factors; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2005 |
Restoration by VIP of the carbachol-stimulated Cl- secretion in TTX-treated guinea pig distal colon.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Chlorides; Cholinergic Agents; Cholinergic Fibers; Colforsin; Colon, Descending; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Agents; Guinea Pigs; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroepithelial Cells; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Poisons; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2005 |
An investigation into the presence of a vagal tachycardia and the effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on rat heart rate in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atenolol; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Rats; Tachycardia; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2006 |
Ontogeny of excitatory and inhibitory control of gastrointestinal motility in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Intestines; Larva; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurokinin A; Neurotransmitter Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Xenopus laevis | 2006 |
PACAP 38 is involved in the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory neurotransmission in the pig urinary bladder neck.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epinephrine; Female; Guanethidine; Isometric Contraction; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Relaxation; Neural Inhibition; Neurotoxins; Nitroarginine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptide Fragments; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Swine; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2006 |
Cholinergic mechanisms of cutaneous active vasodilation during heat stress in cystic fibrosis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adult; Atropine; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Heat Stress Disorders; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Skin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 2007 |
Pharmacological analysis of components of the change in transmural potential difference evoked by distension of rat proximal small intestine in vivo.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Chlorides; Colon; Duodenum; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Secretions; Lidocaine; Male; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Piperidines; Pressure; Quinolines; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Chronic atropine administration diminishes the contribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide to heart rate regulation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Hormone Antagonists; Metipranolol; Muscarinic Antagonists; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Spatial organization of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus synapsing with intragastric cholinergic and nitric oxide/VIP neurons in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Nerve Net; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Involvement of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in increasing local pancreatic blood flow in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Male; Pancreas; Peptide Fragments; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Involvement of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the parasympathetic vasodilatation of the rat masseter muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Masseter Muscle; Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins | 2009 |
Vagal stimulation promotes atrial electrical remodeling induced by rapid atrial pacing in dogs: evidence of a noncholinergic effect.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Function; Atropine; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological; Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2011 |
Neuronally released vasoactive intestinal polypeptide alters atrial electrophysiological properties and may promote atrial fibrillation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Function; Atropine; Dogs; Muscarine; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological; Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2015 |
Acute exercise inhibits gastric emptying of liquids in rats: influence of the NO-cGMP pathway.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastric Emptying; Guanosine Monophosphate; Lactic Acid; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Peptide Fragments; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Postprandial Period; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Sedentary Behavior; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2018 |