atropine has been researched along with obidoxime chloride in 98 studies
Studies (atropine) | Trials (atropine) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (atropine) | Studies (obidoxime chloride) | Trials (obidoxime chloride) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (obidoxime chloride) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
26,711 | 1,259 | 1,697 | 333 | 6 | 57 |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 34 (34.69) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 21 (21.43) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 25 (25.51) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 16 (16.33) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 2 (2.04) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Wessling, U | 1 |
Bertram, U; Kasten, A; Lüllmann, H; Ziegler, A | 1 |
Brüner, H; Gandawidjaja, L; Hettwer, H; Oldiges, H | 1 |
Jagiełlłlo-Wójtowicz, E; Kleinrok, Z; Sieklucka-Dziuba, M | 1 |
Haase, W; Vetterlein, F | 1 |
Gidyńska, T; Grudzińska, E; Rump, S | 1 |
Grubbauer, HM; Kellerer, K | 1 |
Galecka, E; Grudzinska, E; Ilczuk, I; Rabsztyn, T; Rump, S | 1 |
Egyed, MN; Eilat, A; Malkinson, M; Shlosberg, A | 1 |
Odegaard, S; Torjusen, B | 1 |
Bak, W; Borkowska, G; Faff, J; Rump, S; Szymańska, T | 1 |
Adler, M; Levy, I; Teitelman, U | 1 |
Przezdziak, J; Wisniewska, W | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Hrdina, V; Jakl, A; Patocka, J | 1 |
Clement, JG | 2 |
Malacrida, R; Quadri, F | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Fusek, J; Jakl, A; Patocka, J | 1 |
Alioth-Streichenberg, CM; Bodmer, DM; Waser, PG | 1 |
Galecka, E; Gidynska, T; Raszewski, W; Rump, S | 1 |
Hänninen, O; Kaliste-Korhonen, E; Ryhänen, R; Ylitalo, P | 1 |
Lund, C; Monteagudo, FS | 1 |
König, A; Krügel, M; Oldiges, H; Schoene, K | 1 |
Gil, R; Valdés, S; Vukusic, A | 1 |
Haavik, TK; Ihlen, H | 1 |
Hopmann, G; Wanke, H | 1 |
Andersen, RA; Barstad, JA | 1 |
Edery, H; Guertzenstein, PG | 1 |
Ember, M; Gál, G; Mindszenty, L; Rengei, B | 1 |
Inns, RH; Leadbeater, L | 1 |
Dierkes-Tizek, U; Glaser, U; Hettwer, H; Oldiges, H | 1 |
Ardab'eva, TV; Khramova, EA; Prozorovskiĭ, VB | 1 |
Nienartowicz, B; Nowicka, J; Prandota, J | 1 |
Rudak-Zakrzewska, A | 1 |
Konietzko, H | 1 |
Hapke, HJ | 1 |
Gajewski, D; Grudzińska, E | 1 |
Lüllmann, H; Schmaus, H; Staemmler, C; Ziegler, A | 1 |
Kleine, A; Szinicz, L; Worek, F | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Kassa, J | 3 |
Harpf, M; Pohjola, J | 1 |
Kirchner, T; Szinicz, L; Worek, F | 1 |
Almog, S; Lifshitz, M; Rotenberg, M; Shahak, E; Sofer, S; Tamiri, T | 1 |
Jokanović, M; Maksimović, M | 1 |
Bielavský, J; Kassa, J | 1 |
Eyer, P; Felgenhauer, N; Hibler, A; Pfab, R; Thiermann, H; Worek, F; Zilker, T | 1 |
Kostrzewa, A; Perlik-Gattner, I | 1 |
Fjaerli, HO; Jacobsen, D; Kowalczyk, M; Meidel, N; Rolfsjord, LB; Stromme, JH | 1 |
Kassa, J | 2 |
Kassa, J; Koupilová, M | 2 |
Bartelink, AK; Boon, ES; Hens, JJ; Lau, HS; Vos, EM | 1 |
Kassa, J; Krejcová, G | 1 |
Bentur, Y; Raikhlin-Eisenkraft, B; Singer, P | 1 |
Kassa, J; Krejèová, G | 1 |
JAQUES, R | 1 |
HEILBRONN, E; TOLAGEN, B | 1 |
Huang, S; Qiu, Z; Shi, Y; Zhao, D | 1 |
Bilsel, G; Bilsel, M; Gören, AC; Karaka, D; Yenisoy-Karaka, S | 1 |
Abdi, M; Abdollahi, M; Pajoumand, A; Rezaie, A; Shadnia, S | 1 |
Antonijevic, B; Bokonjic, D; Milovanovic, ZA; Nedeljkovic, M; Stefanovic, D; Stojiljkovic, MP | 1 |
Karasova, J; Kassa, J | 2 |
Karasova, J; Kassa, J; Kuca, K; Musilek, K | 1 |
Humlicek, V; Kassa, J | 1 |
Klehr, HU; Lewalter, T; Lüderitz, B; Nickenig, G; Rabe, C; Schrickel, JW | 1 |
Koplovitz, I; Maxwell, DM; Sweeney, RE; Worek, F | 1 |
Abouzaid, M; Bond, GR; El Guindi, M; El Seddawy, A; Gamaluddin, H; Pièche, S; Sakr, M; Sonicki, Z; Youssef, A | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Karasova, J; Kassa, J; Kuca, K; Musilek, K | 1 |
Desruelles, D; Lissens, W; Sabbe, MB | 1 |
Abdalla, MS; Badawy, SM; El-Naggar, Ael-R; El-Sebaey, AS | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Karasova, JZ; Kassa, J; Kuca, K; Musilek, K; Tesarova, S | 1 |
Dubey, DK; Ganesan, K; Gupta, PK; Mazumder, A; Sharma, R; Vijayaraghavan, R | 1 |
Karasova, JZ; Kassa, J; Kuca, K; Musilek, K; Pohanka, M | 1 |
Filip, R; Raszewski, G | 1 |
Eyer, F; Eyer, P; Felgenhauer, N; Haberkorn, M; Thiermann, H; Worek, F; Zilker, T | 1 |
Eyer, F; Eyer, P; Felgenhauer, N; Thiermann, H; Worek, F; Zilker, T | 1 |
Joosen, MJ; van der Schans, MJ; van Helden, HP | 1 |
Fusek, J; Jun, D; Kuca, K; Kumar, UK; Soukup, O; Tobin, G | 1 |
Esparza-Ceseña, MJ; Prieto-Miranda, SE | 1 |
Joosen, MJ; Smit, AB; van Helden, HP | 1 |
Bajgar, J; Capek, L; Fusek, J; Hajek, P; Jun, D; Kassa, J; Krs, O; Kuca, K; Paseka, A; Slizova, D; Zdarova, JK | 1 |
Daniels, D; Eisenkraft, A; Gilat, E; Kadar, T; Kapon, J; Krivoy, A; Last, D; Maier, S; Makarovski, I; Mardor, Y; Ramaty, E; Rosman, Y; Salomon, S; Schein, O; Shilderman, EB; Shneor, R; Shrot, S; Tamar, G | 1 |
Sanaei-Zadeh, H | 1 |
Karasova, JZ; Kassa, J; Misik, J | 1 |
Killi, UK; Kuca, K; Soukup, O; Tobin, G; Winder, M; Wsol, V | 1 |
Bar-Klein, G; Biala, Y; Daninos, M; Friedman, A; Kamintsky, L; Kassirer, M; Krivoy, A; Lavon, O; Makarovsky, I; Ramaty, E; Rosman, Y; Shrot, S; Statlender, L; Yaari, Y | 1 |
Horova, A; Kassa, J; Matouskova, L; Musilek, K; Sepsova, V | 1 |
Cohen, Y; Eisenkraft, A; Kadar, T; Kassirer, M; Milk, N; Rosman, Y; Shiyovich, A; Shrot, S; Tauber, M | 1 |
Babin, MC; Jett, DA; Platoff, GE; Snider, TH; Yeung, DT | 1 |
Bird, M; Green, AC; Kassa, J; Tattersall, JEH; Timperley, CM; Williams, RL | 1 |
Cochrane, L; Cornelissen, AS; Joosen, MJA; Klaassen, SD; Shearer, JD; Skiadopoulos, MH; van Groningen, T; Verheij, E | 1 |
Bloch-Shilderman, E; Cohen, L; Egoz, I; Gez, R; Gutman, H; Nili, U; Rabinovitz, I; Yacov, G | 1 |
Amend, N; John, H; Koller, M; Kranawetvogl, T; Langgartner, J; Mögele-Schmid, C; Pflügler, C; Siegert, M; Thiermann, H; Wille, T; Worek, F | 1 |
Barry, J; Bohnert, S; Cochrane, L; Cornelissen, AS; Joosen, MJA; Kentrop, J; Klaassen, SD; Savransky, V; van Groningen, T | 1 |
2 trial(s) available for atropine and obidoxime chloride
Article | Year |
---|---|
Benefits of magnesium sulfate in the management of acute human poisoning by organophosphorus insecticides.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Insecticides; Magnesium Sulfate; Male; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Pralidoxime Compounds; Single-Blind Method | 2004 |
A clinical decision aid for triage of children younger than 5 years and with organophosphate or carbamate insecticide exposure in developing countries.
Topics: Atropine; Carbamates; Child, Preschool; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Decision Making; Developing Countries; Egypt; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Infant; Insecticides; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Poison Control Centers; Poisoning; Prospective Studies; Triage | 2008 |
96 other study(ies) available for atropine and obidoxime chloride
Article | Year |
---|---|
[Poisoning with an insecticide].
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Nursing Care; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Suicide, Attempted | 1979 |
Improved treatment of organophosphate intoxication by use of scopolamine or dexetimide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dexetimide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Isoflurophate; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Piperidines; Rabbits; Scopolamine | 1977 |
[Possible combinations of antidotal therapy in rats following intoxication with phosphoric acid esters (author's transl)].
Topics: Actihaemyl; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Rats | 1977 |
The influence of dfp, atropine and toxogonine on tryptophan pyrolase activity in mouse liver.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Isoflurophate; Liver; Male; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1977 |
Regional blood flow determinations in the rat during paraoxon-poisoning and treatment with atropine and obidoxime.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Circulation; Male; Microspheres; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Paraoxon; Rats; Regional Blood Flow | 1979 |
Therapeutic value of anticonvulsant drugs in poisonings with an organophosphate.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Isoflurophate; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats | 1979 |
[Poisoning with phosphorus compounds (chlorphenvinphos)].
Topics: Atropine; Child, Preschool; Coma; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Poisoning; Pulmonary Edema; Time Factors | 1975 |
New trends in experimental therapy of organophosphate intoxications.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzoates; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Isoflurophate; Lethal Dose 50; Obidoxime Chloride; Phthalimides; Poisoning; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Time Factors | 1975 |
Some considerations in the treatment of diazinon poisoned goslings.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Diazinon; Geese; Insecticides; Obidoxime Chloride; Poultry Diseases; Pralidoxime Compounds | 1976 |
[Poisoning by cholinesterase inhibiting insecticides].
Topics: Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Suicide, Attempted | 1976 |
Efficacy of repeated pharmacotherapy in experimental acute poisonings with fluostigmine.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cyclopentanes; Diazepam; Diethylamines; Isoflurophate; Obidoxime Chloride; Rats | 1976 |
Treatment of massive poisoning by the organophosphate pesticide methidathion.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cephalothin; Gastric Lavage; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Insecticides; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Poisoning; Respiration, Artificial; Vitamin K | 1975 |
[Case of acute poisoning with an organophosphate].
Topics: Acute Disease; Atropine; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Poisoning | 1975 |
Antidotal therapy and changes of acetylcholinesterase activity following isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate intoxication in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Male; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Oximes; Sarin; Trimedoxime | 1975 |
Efficacy of various oximes against GF (cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) poisoning in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; In Vitro Techniques; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nervous System Diseases; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds | 1992 |
[Poisoning with cholinesterase inhibitors].
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fonofos; Gastric Lavage; Humans; Insecticides; Intubation, Intratracheal; Obidoxime Chloride; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Insufficiency | 1990 |
Efficacy of various pretreatment and therapy regimens against soman lethality in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Female; Male; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Soman; Trihexyphenidyl; Trimedoxime | 1991 |
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of obidoxime in sarin-poisoned rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Female; Obidoxime Chloride; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sarin | 1991 |
Effects of CGS 9896 in acute experimental intoxication with fluostigmine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Female; Isoflurophate; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Pyrazoles | 1990 |
Cold exposure decreases the effectiveness of atropine-oxime treatment in organophosphate intoxication in rats and mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cold Temperature; Enzyme Reactivators; Isoflurophate; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1989 |
Therapeutic Protocol No. 1. Early management of organophosphate poisoning.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Child; Humans; Ipecac; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning | 1986 |
Pharmacokinetics and efficacies of obidoxime and atropine in paraoxon poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Paraoxon | 1988 |
[Treatment of acute parathion poisoning with massive doses of atropine].
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterases; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Parathion; Pralidoxime Compounds | 1985 |
[Alkyl phosphate poisoning. A case of Lebaycid (Fenthion) poisoning].
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Fenthion; Humans; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Suicide | 1974 |
[Maximum dose atropin treatment in severe organophosphate poisoning (author's transl)].
Topics: Atropine; Cholinesterases; Gastric Lavage; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Reflex, Pupillary; Respiratory Paralysis; Unconsciousness | 1974 |
Passage of tertiary and quaternary nitrogen compounds through the rat placenta.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Enzyme Activation; Erythrocytes; Female; Fetus; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Nitrogen; Nitroso Compounds; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Paraoxon; Placenta; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pregnancy; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats | 1974 |
A central vasodepressor effect of Dyflos.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Administration, Topical; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Carbachol; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Enzyme Activation; Heart Rate; Isoflurophate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Pilocarpine; Pralidoxime Compounds; Propylamines; Pyridinium Compounds; Respiration; Time Factors | 1974 |
Changes of vitamin A in blood and liver of organophosphorus poisoned suicides.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Atropine; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Parathion; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Renal Dialysis; Vitamin A | 1970 |
The efficacy of bispyridinium derivatives in the treatment of organophosphonate poisoning in the guinea-pig.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Female; Guinea Pigs; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Soman | 1983 |
[The effect of organophosphates on heart ATPase in the rat].
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Electrophysiology; Female; Isoflurophate; Kinetics; Myocardium; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Paraoxon; Parathion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 1984 |
[Trial of cholinesterase reactivators as proserine antagonists].
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Butanones; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Diphenylacetic Acids; Drug Synergism; Male; Mice; Neostigmine; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Parasympatholytics; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds; Trimedoxime | 1983 |
[Dramatic course of poisoning with a organophosphate compound in a 4-year-old boy treated with obidoxime chloride and atropine sulfate].
Topics: Antidotes; Atropine; Child, Preschool; Dimethoate; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypokalemia; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal | 1982 |
[Organophosphate insecticide poisoning--mechanism of action, clinical symptoms and treatment].
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Gastric Lavage; Humans; Insecticides; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rabbits; Rats | 1980 |
[Pesticide poisoning].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Atropine; Charcoal; Gastric Lavage; Humans; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Pesticides | 1980 |
[Treatment of intoxications with organophosphates (author's transl)].
Topics: Animal Diseases; Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Insecticides; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds | 1980 |
[Effects of trimethadione on the therapeutic efficiency of atropine and obidoxime in mice poisoned with various phosphoorganic compounds].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood-Brain Barrier; Drug Synergism; Female; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Oxazoles; Oximes; Trimethadione | 1981 |
Comparison of atropine and dexetimide in treatment of intoxications by selected organophosphates.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dexetimide; Diet; Guinea Pigs; Insecticides; Isoflurophate; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Paraoxon; Piperidines | 1982 |
Effect of pyridostigmine pretreatment on cardiorespiratory function in tabun poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Injections, Intravenous; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pyridines; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Respiration | 1995 |
Treatment of the stressogenic effect of dichlorvos.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Dichlorvos; Liver; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tyrosine Transaminase | 1994 |
Determination of atropine and obidoxime in automatic injection devices used as antidotes against nerve agent intoxication.
Topics: Atropine; Chemical Warfare; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Neurotoxins; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning | 1994 |
Treatment of tabun poisoned guinea-pigs with atropine, HLö 7 or HI 6: effect on respiratory and circulatory function.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Circulation; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Female; Guinea Pigs; Lethal Dose 50; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pyridines; Pyridinium Compounds; Respiration | 1994 |
Carbamate poisoning and oxime treatment in children: a clinical and laboratory study.
Topics: Aldicarb; Antidotes; Atropine; Carbamates; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholinesterases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Methomyl; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Paraoxon; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Retrospective Studies | 1994 |
Pharmacological nature of soman-induced hypothermia in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Hypothalamus; Hypothermia; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Nicotine; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Oxotremorine; Physostigmine; Pyridinium Compounds; Soman | 1993 |
Comparison of the efficacy of HI-6 and obidoxime against cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF) in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Corticosterone; Diaphragm; Drug Interactions; Liver; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tyrosine Transaminase | 1995 |
[Comparison of the therapeutic effectiveness of selected cholinesterase reactivators with atropine in acute fosdrine poisoning in mice].
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Insecticides; Male; Mevinphos; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Poisoning; Pyridinium Compounds | 1996 |
A comparison of trimedoxime, obidoxime, pralidoxime and HI-6 in the treatment of oral organophosphorus insecticide poisoning in the rat.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Insecticides; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Trimedoxime | 1995 |
The efficacy of monopyridinium (2-PAAM, 2-PAEM) and bispyridinium (obidoxime, HI-6) oximes against mevinphos in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Insecticides; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mevinphos; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1997 |
Factors influencing the efficacy of obidoxime in organophosphate pesticides poisoning.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organothiophosphates; Parathion; Poisoning; Premedication | 1997 |
Acute, severe cholinesterase inhibitors poisonings in the material of occupational diseases and toxicology ward in Poznań.
Topics: Atropine; Female; Gastric Lavage; Humans; Incidence; Insecticides; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Occupational Diseases; Organophosphorus Compounds; Poison Control Centers; Poisoning; Poland | 1997 |
Severe organophosphate (demeton-S-methyl) poisoning in a two-year-old child.
Topics: Antidotes; Atropine; Child, Preschool; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Humans; Insecticides; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organothiophosphates; Poisoning | 1998 |
A comparison of the efficacy of new asymmetric bispyridinium oxime BI-6 with other oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) against soman in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Diaphragm; Drug Therapy, Combination; Liver; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Poisoning; Pyridines; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Soman; Tyrosine Transaminase | 1998 |
[Comparison of the effects of BI-6, a new asymmetric bipyridine oxime, with HI-6 oxime and obidoxime in combination with atropine on soman and fosdrine toxicity in mice].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Insecticides; Male; Mevinphos; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Soman | 1999 |
Neuroprotective effects of antidotes in soman-poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Male; Nervous System; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Soman | 1999 |
Neuroprotective effects of currently used antidotes in soman-poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Male; Motor Activity; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Obidoxime Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Soman | 2000 |
[Poisoning with organophosphate compounds].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Bradycardia; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Critical Care; Fasciculation; Humans; Hypotension; Insecticides; Male; Middle Aged; Miosis; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Suicide, Attempted; Treatment Outcome; Vomiting | 2002 |
Neuroprotective efficacy of pharmacological pretreatment and antidotal treatment in tabun-poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Benactyzine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Motor Activity; Nervous System Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Neuropsychological Tests; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphates; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Trihexyphenidyl | 2003 |
Beneficial late administration of obidoxime in malathion poisoning.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Diagnosis, Differential; Emergency Treatment; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Insecticides; Malathion; Obidoxime Chloride; Poisoning; Respiration, Artificial; Suicide, Attempted | 2003 |
Neuroprotective effects of currently used antidotes in tabun-poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Motor Activity; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PYRIDINE-2-ALDOXIME METHIODIDE (P2AM), BIS-(4-HYDROXYIMINO-METHYL-PYRIDINIUM-1-METHYL)-ETHER DICHLORIDE (TOXOGONIN) AND ATROPINE IN EXPERIMENTAL DDVP POISONING.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Blood; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Dichlorvos; Ethers; Horses; Insecticides; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Phosphates; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridines; Rats; Research; Succinylcholine; Toxicology | 1964 |
TOXOGONIN IN SARIN, SOMAN AND TABUN POISONING.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Erythrocytes; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pharmacology; Phosphates; Research; Sarin; Soman; Toxicology | 1965 |
[Study on the therapeutic effect of combined use of obidoxime and atropine with respiratory machine on respiratory muscle paralysis caused by omethoate poisoning of rats].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dimethoate; Drug Therapy, Combination; Obidoxime Chloride; Rats; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Paralysis | 2002 |
Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of atropine and obidoxime in a parenteral injection device.
Topics: Atropine; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Obidoxime Chloride; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 2004 |
Effect of sodium bicarbonate in rats acutely poisoned with dichlorvos.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Blood Gas Analysis; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Dichlorvos; Drug Synergism; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Bicarbonate; Trimedoxime | 2006 |
A comparison of the potency of newly developed oximes (K074, K075) and commonly used oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) to counteract tabun-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Butanes; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intramuscular; Lacrimal Apparatus; Male; Miosis; Molecular Structure; Muscle Tonus; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tears; Time Factors; Toxicity Tests; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
A comparison of the potency of newly developed oximes (K074, K075) and currently available oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) to counteract soman-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Behavior, Animal; Butanes; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Soman; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2007 |
An evaluation of therapeutic and reactivating effects of newly developed oximes (K156, K203) and commonly used oximes (obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6) in tabun-poisoned rats and mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Injections, Intramuscular; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Molecular Structure; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Species Specificity; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Trimedoxime | 2008 |
A comparison of the potency of newly developed oximes (K074, K075) and currently available oximes (obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6) to counteract acute toxic effects of tabun and cyclosarin in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Butanes; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Poisoning; Pyridinium Compounds; Trimedoxime | 2008 |
Recovery from ultra-high dose organophosphate poisoning after "in-the-field" antidote treatment: potential lessons for civil defense.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Emergency Medical Services; Gastric Lavage; Hemoperfusion; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Polyneuropathies | 2009 |
A structure-activity analysis of the variation in oxime efficacy against nerve agents.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Erythrocytes; Guinea Pigs; Linear Models; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds; Sarin; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2008 |
An evaluation of reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of newly developed oximes (K206, K269) and commonly used oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) in cyclosarin-poisoned rats and mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Diaphragm; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Structure; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Poisoning; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Is beta-glucuronidase a clinical useful biomarker for an acute organophosphorus poisoning?
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Atropine; Biomarkers; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluid Therapy; Glucuronidase; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obidoxime Chloride; Parathion; Poisoning; Propofol; Suicide, Attempted; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 2008 |
Clinical findings and cholinesterase levels in children of organophosphates and carbamates poisoning.
Topics: Adolescent; Atropine; Biomarkers; Carbamates; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Early Diagnosis; Egypt; Female; Humans; Infant; Insecticides; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Poisoning; Predictive Value of Tests; Respiration, Artificial; Retrospective Studies | 2009 |
Evaluation of the neuroprotective efficacy of newly developed oximes (K206, K269) and currently available oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) in cyclosarin-poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
A quantitative NMR protocol for the simultaneous analysis of atropine and obidoxime in parenteral injection devices.
Topics: Algorithms; Alkanesulfonic Acids; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Infusions, Parenteral; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Weight; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Pharmaceutical Solutions; Reproducibility of Results; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Trimethylsilyl Compounds | 2009 |
Effect of five acetylcholinesterase reactivators on tabun-intoxicated rats: induction of oxidative stress versus reactivation efficacy.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Drug Therapy, Combination; Injections, Intramuscular; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphates; Oxidative Stress; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Trimedoxime | 2009 |
Correlation of therapeutic effect of obidoxime and dosing time in the acute intoxication by chlorfenvinphos in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Chlorfenvinphos; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Diaphragm; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Intercostal Muscles; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Obidoxime Chloride; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2009 |
Obidoxime in acute organophosphate poisoning: 1 - clinical effectiveness.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acute Disease; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Critical Care; Dimethoate; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Overdose; Erythrocytes; Germany; Humans; Neuromuscular Junction; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Parathion; Suicide; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Obidoxime in acute organophosphate poisoning: 2 - PK/PD relationships.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acute Disease; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Critical Care; Dimethoate; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Monitoring; Drug Overdose; Erythrocytes; Germany; Humans; Neuromuscular Junction; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Parathion; Suicide; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Percutaneous exposure to the nerve agent VX: Efficacy of combined atropine, obidoxime and diazepam treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diazepam; Guinea Pigs; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Skin | 2010 |
Characterization of the anticholinergic properties of obidoxime; functional examinations of the rat atria and the urinary bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Male; Molecular Structure; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Rats; Urinary Bladder | 2010 |
The efficacy of obidoxime 72 hours after intoxication by organophosphates.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Humans; Male; Mexico; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Poisoning; Suicide, Attempted; Time Factors | 2011 |
Treatment efficacy in a soman-poisoned guinea pig model: added value of physostigmine?
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Carbamates; Chemical Warfare Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Models, Animal; Obidoxime Chloride; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
A comparison of tabun-inhibited rat brain acetylcholinesterase reactivation by three oximes (HI-6, obidoxime, and K048) in vivo detected by biochemical and histochemical techniques.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Female; Frontal Lobe; GPI-Linked Proteins; Lethal Dose 50; Obidoxime Chloride; Organ Specificity; Organophosphates; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reticular Formation | 2010 |
Using MRI for the assessment of paraoxon-induced brain damage and efficacy of antidotal treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; GABA Modulators; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Midazolam; Obidoxime Chloride; Paraoxon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine | 2012 |
Atropine dosage in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning.
Topics: Atropine; Humans; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning | 2012 |
A comparison of the potency of a novel bispyridinium oxime K203 and currently available oximes (obidoxime, HI-6) to counteract the acute neurotoxicity of sarin in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Czech Republic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sarin | 2012 |
In vitro functional interactions of acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and muscarinic receptor antagonists in the urinary bladder of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diamines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Obidoxime Chloride; Physostigmine; Rats; Receptor Cross-Talk; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Urinary Bladder | 2014 |
Prevention of organophosphate-induced chronic epilepsy by early benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Chronic Disease; Epilepsy; Midazolam; Muscarinic Agonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Paraoxon; Pesticides; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Status Epilepticus | 2014 |
A comparison of the reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of two novel bispyridinium oximes (K727, K733) with the oxime HI-6 and obidoxime in sarin-poisoned rats and mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Diaphragm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Obidoxime Chloride; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats, Wistar; Sarin | 2015 |
Early brain magnetic resonance imaging can predict short and long-term outcomes after organophosphate poisoning in a rat model.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Edema; Choline; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cognition; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Diagnosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Maze Learning; Midazolam; Neuroprotective Agents; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Paraoxon; Predictive Value of Tests; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Time Factors; Weight Loss | 2015 |
Toxicity and median effective doses of oxime therapies against percutaneous organophosphorus pesticide and nerve agent challenges in the Hartley guinea pig.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pesticides; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds; Time Factors | 2016 |
Some benefit from non-oximes MB408, MB442 and MB444 in combination with the oximes HI-6 or obidoxime and atropine in antidoting sarin or cyclosarin poisoned mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Sarin; Time Factors | 2018 |
Efficacy of atropine sulfate/obidoxime chloride co-formulation against sarin exposure in guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Compounding; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Sarin; Structure-Activity Relationship; Survival Rate | 2018 |
Repetitive antidotal treatment is crucial in eliminating eye pathology, respiratory toxicity and death following whole-body VX vapor exposure in freely moving rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Benactyzine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Environmental Exposure; Eye Diseases; Male; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Trimedoxime | 2019 |
A case report of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning: cholinesterase activities and analytical methods for diagnosis and clinical decision making.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aged, 80 and over; Antidotes; Atropine; Biomarkers; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Clinical Decision-Making; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; GPI-Linked Proteins; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organophosphate Poisoning; Predictive Value of Tests; Suicide, Attempted; Treatment Outcome | 2020 |
Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of atropine sulfate/obidoxime chloride co-formulation against VX in a guinea pig model.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Obidoxime Chloride; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Treatment Outcome | 2021 |