atropine has been researched along with hexamethonium in 603 studies
| Studies (atropine) | Trials (atropine) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (atropine) | Studies (hexamethonium) | Trials (hexamethonium) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (hexamethonium) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26,711 | 1,259 | 1,697 | 2,287 | 3 | 129 |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 224 (37.15) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 243 (40.30) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 107 (17.74) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 26 (4.31) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (0.50) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Condon, RE; Cowles, VE; Herranz, ES; Schulte, WJ; Zhu, YR | 1 |
| Edmiston, CE; Frantzides, CT; Greenwood, B; Lianos, EA; Wittmann, D | 1 |
| Freed, AN; Tang, GJ | 1 |
| Eckersdorf, B; Gołebiewski, H; Konopacki, J | 1 |
| Elliott, CJ; Hastwell, C; Stow, RA | 1 |
| Elliott, CJ; Kemenes, G | 1 |
| Elliott, CJ | 1 |
| Forth, W; Holle, GE; Steinbach, E | 1 |
| Morrone, LA; Romanelli, L; Valeri, P | 1 |
| Ballati, L; Evangelista, S; Maggi, CA; Manzini, S | 1 |
| Mizutani, M; Nakayama, S; Neya, T | 2 |
| Strubbe, JH | 1 |
| Baggett, HC; Simon, SA | 1 |
| Jhamandas, K; Penning, DH | 1 |
| Herman, AG; Loenders, B; Rampart, M | 1 |
| Iijima, T; Kidokoro, Y; Matsumoto, G | 1 |
| Arimura, A; Fujimura, M; Fujino, M; Hayashi, N; Itoh, Z; Mizumoto, A; Ohtawa, M; Ueki, S | 1 |
| Hato, F; Kinoshita, Y; Tominaga, K; Tominaga, M; Yamada, M | 1 |
| Gaginella, TS; Grisham, MB; Gullikson, GW; Moummi, C | 1 |
| Niida, H; Okabe, S; Takeuchi, K; Ueshima, K | 1 |
| Bergeron, ML; Mizoguchi, H | 1 |
| Ando, RE; Irvin, CG; Larsen, GL; Tanaka, DT | 1 |
| Ferguson, AV; Smith, P | 1 |
| Nakayama, S; Yamasato, T | 1 |
| Ohta, H; Ueki, S; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Brown, JC; Kwok, YN; Verchere, CB | 1 |
| Ishikawa, E; Matsukura, S; Nakatsuru, K; Ohgo, S; Oki, Y | 1 |
| Davison, JS; Kirk, DR; Oland, LD; Sharkey, KA | 1 |
| Coggan, JS; Gruener, R; Kreulen, DL | 1 |
| May, D; Owyang, C; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Matsukura, S; Nakatsuru, K; Ohgo, S; Oki, Y | 1 |
| Conte, B; Giachetti, A; Maggi, CA; Parlani, M | 1 |
| Inoue, M; Kuriyama, H | 1 |
| Aizawa, H; Ikeda, T; Inoue, H; Miyazaki, N; Shigematsu, N | 1 |
| Greenway, CV | 1 |
| Ando, M; Nagata, Y; Nakashima, Y | 1 |
| Desai, KM; Sessa, WC; Vane, JR; Zembowicz, A | 1 |
| Cho, CH; Ogle, CW | 1 |
| Haji, A; Takeda, R | 1 |
| Koelbel, CB; Leduc, L; Mayer, EA; Snape, WJ; Vandeventer, G | 1 |
| Matsuo, S; Nakayama, S; Neya, T | 1 |
| Ennes, H; Eysselein, V; Kodner, A; Koelbel, CB; Mayer, EA; Snape, WJ | 1 |
| Nakayama, S; Watanabe, Y; Yamasato, T | 1 |
| Livett, BG; Zhou, XF | 1 |
| Chakder, S; Rattan, S | 1 |
| Madrid, JA; Pozo, MJ; Salido, GM | 2 |
| Kiraly, M; Liao, GS; Maillard, M | 1 |
| Jaiswal, N; Lambrecht, G; Malik, KU; Mutschler, E; Tacke, R | 1 |
| Chu, YH; Li, J | 1 |
| Otterson, MF; Sarna, SK | 1 |
| Giuliani, S; Lippe, IT; Maggi, CA; Meli, A | 1 |
| Chey, WY; Dodds, WJ; Hanyu, N; Hogan, WJ; Layman, RD; Takahashi, I | 1 |
| Gotoh, M; Iguchi, A; Kunoh, Y; Matsunaga, H; Miura, H; Sakamoto, N; Tamagawa, T; Uemura, K; Yatomi, A | 1 |
| Dodds, WJ; Hanyu, N; Hogan, WJ; Layman, RD | 1 |
| Guth, PH; Holzer, P; Yonei, Y | 1 |
| Akaike, N; Kim, DK; Tateishi, N | 1 |
| Dacus, AC; Liu, JH | 1 |
| Elghozi, JL; Grichois, ML; Japundzic, N; Laude, D; Zitoun, P | 1 |
| Gherezghiher, T; Hey, JA; Koss, MC | 1 |
| Chariot, J; Hugonet, F; Nagain, C; Rozé, C; Tsocas, A | 1 |
| Bowyer, JF; Weiner, N | 1 |
| Baumgartner, RA; Hirshman, C; Kaufman, MJ; Munakata, M; Wills-Karp, M | 1 |
| Aly, A; Hellström, PM; Jaramillo, E; Johansson, C; Smedfors, B | 1 |
| Fich, A; Hanson, RB; Neri, M; Phillips, SF; Zinsmeister, AR | 1 |
| Armour, JA; Butler, CK; Cardinal, R; Hopkins, DA; Murphy, DA; Smith, FM | 1 |
| Diener, M; Döring, A; Rummel, W | 1 |
| Illing, RB; Nikolarakis, KE; Spatz, WB; Starke, K; Wichmann, T | 1 |
| De Luca, A; Rand, MJ | 1 |
| Ahlman, H; Dahlström, A; Lidberg, P | 1 |
| Hellström, PM | 1 |
| Adami, M; Bertaccini, G; Coruzzi, G; Poli, E | 1 |
| Esteller, A; Lopez, MA; Pedrosa, F; Salido, GM | 1 |
| Elashoff, J; Khawaja, S; Mayer, EA; van Deventer, G; Walsh, JH | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Galligan, JJ | 1 |
| Buccafusco, JJ; Glisson, WC; Thomson, WM; Trimarchi, GR; VanLingen, J | 1 |
| Ahlman, J; Dahlstrom, A; Florence, L; Gronstad, K; Jaffe, BM; Zinner, MJ | 1 |
| Isogaya, M; Ito, S; Nakazato, Y; Ohga, A; Sekine, H | 1 |
| Rozsa, Z; Varro, V | 1 |
| Jung, G; Louie, DS; Owyang, C | 1 |
| Ahlman, H; Björck, S; Dahlstrand, C; Dahlström, A; Edin, R | 1 |
| Koelbel, CB; Mayer, EA; Patel, A; Snape, WJ; van Deventer, G | 1 |
| Ahlman, H; Berggren, A; Dahlström, A; Rubenson, A; Sillén, U | 1 |
| Ho, FJ; Koelbel, CB; Mayer, EA; Patel, A; Reeve, JR; Snape, WJ | 1 |
| Harrington, B; Kalbfleisch, JH; Nowak, TV | 1 |
| Jacobson, ED; Rozsa, Z | 1 |
| Holzer, P | 1 |
| Hou, JY; Otterson, MF; Sarna, SK | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Fox, JE; Kostolanska, F; Manaka, H; Manaka, Y | 1 |
| Grider, JR | 1 |
| Booth, AM; de Groat, WC; Kawatani, M; Whitney, T | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Daniel, EE; Dent, J; Fox, JE; Kostolanska, F | 2 |
| Lang, IM; Marvig, J | 1 |
| Reed, JB; Sanders, KM; Smith, TK | 1 |
| Barthó, L; Bauer, V; Holzer, P; Matusák, O | 1 |
| Misra, HP; Ogunbiyi, PO | 1 |
| Brooks, DP; Crofton, JT; Iitake, K; Ouchi, Y; Share, L | 2 |
| Harris, MS; Kennedy, JG; Ramaswamy, K | 1 |
| McLeay, LM; Wong, MH | 2 |
| Blank, EL; Dodds, WJ; Greenwood, B | 1 |
| Cornell, RP | 1 |
| Hillhouse, EW; Milton, NG | 1 |
| de Groat, WC; Kawatani, M | 1 |
| Nagata, M; Osumi, Y | 1 |
| Jensen, MS; Yaari, Y | 1 |
| Stapelfeldt, WH; Szurszewski, JH | 1 |
| Araki, Y; Furuno, K; Gomita, Y; Suemaru, K | 1 |
| Brown, JC; Kwok, YN; McIntosh, CH; Pederson, RA | 1 |
| Ikegami, K; Mutoh, S; Sakanashi, M; Ueda, S; Yano, S; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Haga, T; Nakamura, M; Sasaki, H; Takishima, T | 1 |
| Hara, M; Katagiri, T; Marubashi, S; Sasaki, H; Tominaga, M; Yamatani, K; Yawata, Y | 1 |
| Kao, LS; Schneider, AS | 1 |
| Chiba, T; Imura, H; Ishida, H; Nishi, S; Seino, Y; Seno, M; Takemura, J; Yanaihara, C; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Briggs, CA; Brown, TH; McAfee, DA | 1 |
| Brambilla, A; Giachetti, A; Pagani, F; Schiavone, A | 1 |
| Arranz, CT; Balaszczuk, AM; Martínez-Seeber, A | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Hargreave, FE; Latimer, KM; Morris, MM; O'Byrne, PM; Roberts, RS; Thomson, NC | 1 |
| Fujiwara, M; Kameyama, M; Shimohama, S; Taniguchi, T | 1 |
| Gregg, CM | 2 |
| Fukuoka, T; Higuchi, T; Honda, K; Negoro, H; Uchide, K | 1 |
| Bill, A; Linder, J; Nilsson, SF | 1 |
| Hayashi, E; Isogai, M; Kagawa, Y; Kosuge, T; Takayanagi, N; Tsuji, K; Yamada, S | 1 |
| Nakamura, S; Ohta, H; Ueki, S; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Bradshaw, CM; Longmore, J; Szabadi, E | 1 |
| Buccafusco, JJ; Serra, M | 1 |
| Hassoni, AA; Kerkut, GA; Walker, RJ | 1 |
| Maggi, CA; Manzini, S; Meli, A; Santicioli, P | 1 |
| Maggi, CA; Meli, A; Santicioli, P | 4 |
| Deloof, S; Rousseau, JP | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Furukawa, Y; Saegusa, K | 1 |
| Delbro, D; Fändriks, L; Fasth, S; Hedlund, H | 2 |
| Fuder, H; Muscholl, E; Wolf, K | 1 |
| Yajima, T | 1 |
| Fukuda, T; Matsuzaki, A; Moriya, I; Nishizawa, O; Tsuchida, S | 1 |
| Kizawa, Y; Takayanagi, K | 1 |
| Broadley, KJ; Grassby, PF | 1 |
| Kreulen, DL; Peters, S | 1 |
| Ahrén, B; Paquette, TL; Taborsky, GJ | 1 |
| Vatner, SF; Woodman, OL | 1 |
| Hartley, LH; Rodger, RF | 1 |
| Chijiiwa, Y; Ibayashi, H; Misawa, T | 2 |
| Weems, WA; Weisbrodt, NW | 1 |
| Courneya, CA; Ledsome, JR; Rankin, AJ; Wilson, N | 1 |
| Gotoh, M; Iguchi, A; Matsunaga, H; Nomura, T; Ohuchi, M; Sakamoto, N | 1 |
| Khalil, Z; Livett, BG; Marley, PD | 1 |
| Kojima, I; Kojima, K; Ogata, E; Shibata, H | 1 |
| Moriya, I | 1 |
| Samols, E; Stagner, JI | 1 |
| Haywood, JR; Hinojosa, C | 1 |
| Altman, B; Gordon, D; Levin, RM; Ruggieri, MR; Velagapudi, S; Wein, AJ | 1 |
| Cherniack, NS; Haxhiu, MA; Mitra, J; Prabhakar, NR; Van de Graaff, W | 1 |
| Hoshi, T; Kitazawa, T; Kondo, H; Temma, K | 1 |
| Cheng, JT; Lin, CJ | 1 |
| Chey, WY; Lavy, A; Morgantini, DS; Murthy, SN | 1 |
| Bardon, T; Meirieu, O; Pairet, M; Ruckebusch, Y | 1 |
| Eklund, S; Jodal, M; Lundgren, O | 1 |
| Groisman, SD; Krasilschikov, KB | 1 |
| Furukawa, T; Harada, T; Katsuragi, T | 1 |
| Kuwahara, A; Ozawa, K; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Faraci, FM; Heistad, DD; Motley, MG | 1 |
| Haga, T; Miyano, M; Nakamura, M; Sasaki, H; Takishima, T | 1 |
| Itoh, Z; Takahashi, I; Takanashi, H; Terawaki, T | 1 |
| Ferry, DA; Lewis, AB; Sadeghi, M | 1 |
| Leff, AR; Munoz, NM; Popovich, KJ; Shioya, T; Stimler-Gerard, NP; White, SR | 1 |
| de Groat, WC; Kawatani, M; Rutigliano, MJ | 1 |
| Maggi, CA; Manzini, S; Meli, A | 1 |
| Blank, EL; Dent, J; Dodds, WJ; Holloway, RH; Sarna, SK; Takahashi, I | 1 |
| Delbro, D; Fändriks, L; Flemström, G; Nylander, O | 1 |
| Caverson, MM; Ciriello, J | 1 |
| Harish, OE; Kao, LS; Raffaniello, R; Schneider, AS; Wakade, AR | 1 |
| Alves-do-Prado, W; Corrado, AP; Prado, WA | 1 |
| Hansson, G; Jodal, M; Karlström, L; Lundgren, O | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Hoshino, M; Mochizuki, T; Naruse, S; Ozaki, T; Yanaihara, C; Yanaihara, N; Yasui, A | 1 |
| Garssen, J; Schipper, J; Steinbusch, HW; Tilders, FJ; Vente, JD | 1 |
| Sanders, KM; Smith, TK | 1 |
| Ford, TW; McWilliam, PN | 1 |
| Kharkevich, DD | 1 |
| Grundy, D; Hutson, D; Scratcherd, T | 1 |
| Ahlman, H; Dahlström, A; Grönstad, KO; Jaffe, BM; Nilsson, O; Zinner, MJ | 1 |
| Crichlow, EC; Malbert, CH; Ruckebusch, Y | 1 |
| Brunsson, I; Jodal, M; Lundgren, O; Sjöqvist, A | 1 |
| Ichinose, M; Inoue, H; Miura, M; Nogami, H; Takishima, T; Yafuso, N | 1 |
| Bass, AS; Goldberg, LI; Kohli, JD; Lubbers, N | 1 |
| Laitinen, LA; Laitinen, MV; Widdicombe, JG | 1 |
| Kitano, N; Kurose, T; Nishi, S; Seino, Y; Seno, M; Taminato, T; Tsuda, K; Tsuji, K; Yanaihara, C; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Johansson, C; Smedfors, B | 1 |
| Jivegård, L; Svanvik, J; Thornell, E | 1 |
| Hexum, TD; Majane, EA; Russett, LR; Yang, HY | 1 |
| Baux, G; Fossier, P; Poulain, B; Tauc, L | 1 |
| Chen, JT; Fujimoto, I; Hamada, T; Hasumi, K; Hirai, Y; Masubuchi, K; Yamauchi, K | 1 |
| Fujiwara, M; Fukui, K; Kurahashi, K; Shirahase, H; Usui, H | 1 |
| Bonaventure, N; Jardon, B; Rudolf, G; Wioland, N; Yucel, H | 1 |
| Wakade, AR | 1 |
| Brunsson, I | 1 |
| Fujiwara, T; Nagai, K; Nakagawa, H; Takagi, S | 1 |
| Bloom, SR; Edwards, AV; Garrett, JR | 1 |
| Clarke, RW; Ford, TW; McWilliam, PN; Woolley, DC | 1 |
| Bernardini, R; Calogero, AE; Chrousos, GP; Gallucci, WT; Gold, PW; Saoutis, C | 1 |
| Arhan, P; Barbier, JP; Bortolussi, M; Bouchoucha, M; Devroede, G; Faverdin, C; Héro, M; Pellerin, D | 1 |
| Iwai, K; Kawada, T; Kurosawa, M; Sato, A; Watanabe, T | 1 |
| Baratti, CM; de Erausquin, GA; Faiman, CP | 1 |
| Kato, R; Nakaki, T; Sasakawa, N; Yamamoto, S | 1 |
| Bicknell, RJ; Leng, G; Lincoln, DW; Russell, JA | 1 |
| Reid, AM; Shulkes, A; Titchen, DA | 1 |
| Martins, JB | 1 |
| Plotsky, PM; Sutton, SW; Vale, WW; Widmaier, EP | 1 |
| Naruse, S; Shionoya, S; Takagi, T | 1 |
| Gomes, EL; Rothschild, AM | 1 |
| Allen, AM; Dampney, RA; Mendelsohn, FA | 1 |
| Bishop, VS; Hasser, EM | 1 |
| Nagai, K; Nakagawa, H; Yamamoto, H | 2 |
| Iwai, S; Shirakawa, J; Tanaka, C; Taniyama, K | 1 |
| Kharkevich, DD; Polevaia, EB | 1 |
| Bagaev, V; Kortezova, N; Mileva, S; Papasova, M | 1 |
| Straka, H; Zettler, F | 1 |
| Blank, MA; Jaffe, BM; Kimura, K | 1 |
| Krstić, MK | 2 |
| Ben Mansour, A; Desjeux, JF; Dumontier, AM; Hautefeuille, M; Tomé, D | 1 |
| Magee, DF; Naruse, S | 1 |
| Ito, S; Ohga, A; Ohta, T | 1 |
| Hellström, PM; Johansson, C; Lördal, M | 1 |
| Aly, F; el-Sawey, A; Fayez, M | 1 |
| Grunstein, MM; Tanaka, DT | 1 |
| Abbadessa Urso, S; Fileccia, R; Gambino, MC; Mulè, F; Postorino, A; Serio, R | 1 |
| Kanje, M; Lazarewicz, JW | 1 |
| Vandeputte-Van Messom, G | 1 |
| Billingsley, ML; Suria, A | 1 |
| Hayakawa, T; Kondo, T; Noda, A; Yamazaki, Y | 1 |
| Yellin, TO; Zavecz, JH | 1 |
| Ip, NY; Perlman, RL; Zigmond, RE | 1 |
| Hayashi, E; Maeda, T; Shinozuka, K | 1 |
| Kérouac, R; Rioux, F; St-Pierre, S | 1 |
| Downes, H; Taylor, SM | 1 |
| Jenden, DJ; Ringdahl, B | 1 |
| Akaishi, T; Negoro, H | 1 |
| Chihara, K; Fujita, T; Kaji, H; Kodama, H; Minamitani, N; Yanaihara, N | 1 |
| Adaikan, PG; Karim, SM; Kottegoda, SR; Ratnam, SS | 1 |
| Gibson, GE; Pelmas, CJ; Peterson, C | 1 |
| Brown, DA; Docherty, RJ; Halliwell, JV | 1 |
| Davidoff, M; Petkov, V; Radomirov, R | 1 |
| Brunsting, JR; Schuil, HA; Zijlstra, WG | 1 |
| Goadsby, PJ; Lambert, GA; Lance, JW | 1 |
| Chiu, S; Daniel, EE; Fox, JE; Jury, J; Track, NS | 1 |
| Bloom, SR; Cate, CC; Ghatei, MA; Gosselin, EJ; Molyneux, KE; Pettengill, OS; Sorenson, GD | 1 |
| Ivanov, AIa; Mel'nichenko, LV; Skok, VI | 1 |
| Wakade, AR; Wakade, TD | 1 |
| Bullock, J; Holmes, K; Keller, NE; Opdyke, DF | 1 |
| Gilmour, RF; Zipes, DP | 1 |
| Ekström, J; Garrett, JR; Månsson, B; Thulin, A; Tobin, G | 1 |
| Bouvier, M; Grimaud, JC | 1 |
| Daniel, EE; Fox, JE; Jury, J; Robotham, H | 1 |
| Adler-Graschinsky, E; Filinger, EJ; Martínez, AE | 1 |
| Girardot, MN; Koss, MC | 1 |
| Patterson, BA; Volle, RL | 1 |
| Boushey, HA | 1 |
| Bender, H; Pfeffer, A; Pfeiffer, EF; Schusdziarra, V | 1 |
| Beleslin, DB; Krstić, SK; Tomić-Beleslin, N | 1 |
| Schuurkes, JA; Van Nueten, JM | 1 |
| Brown, JC; Buchan, AM; Kwok, YN; McIntosh, CH; Pederson, RA | 1 |
| Fasth, S; Hedlund, H; Hultén, L | 1 |
| Klemm, WR | 1 |
| Azuma, T; Ohhashi, T | 1 |
| Edstrom, JP; Goldberg, JI; Lukowiak, K; Weiss, S | 1 |
| Masana, MI | 1 |
| Hirai, M; Komoriyama, K; Kouyama, H; Shima, S | 1 |
| Collins, SM; Daniel, EE; Fox, AE; Fox, JE; Jury, J | 1 |
| Ahlman, H; Dahlström, A; Lidberg, P; Lundberg, JM | 1 |
| Hellström, PM; Jodal, M; Lundgren, O; Sjöqvist, A | 1 |
| Fujimiya, M; Fujimura, M; Kimura, H; Miyazaki, M | 1 |
| Doi, T; Koyama, K; Matsuno, S; Naito, H; Ohtani, N; Sasaki, I; Shibata, C; Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Ernsberger, P; Evinger, MJ; Joh, TH; Regunathan, S; Reis, DJ | 1 |
| Flowe, KM; Mulholland, MW; Welling, TH | 1 |
| Fedin, AN | 1 |
| Barthó, L; Lefebvre, R | 1 |
| Cho, CH; Ko, JK; Tang, XL | 1 |
| Okamura, T; Toda, N; Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Matsuno, S; Naito, H; Ohtani, N; Sasaki, I; Shibata, C; Takahashi, M; Tsuchiya, T | 1 |
| Haga, N; Inatomi, N; Itoh, Z; Mizumoto, A; Shiba, Y; Yamamoto, O | 1 |
| Coupar, IM; Kerr, KP; Mitchelson, F | 1 |
| Kojima, S; Shimo, Y | 1 |
| Demura, H; Horiba, N; Itoi, K; Ohmori, N; Sakai, K; Sakai, Y; Suda, T; Tozawa, F | 1 |
| Owyang, C; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Evans, J; Knapp, C; Wang, M | 1 |
| Cunha-Melo, JR; Da Luz, MM; Freire-Maia, L; Mendonça, M | 1 |
| Flemström, G; Hällgren, A; Nylander, O; Sababi, M | 1 |
| Hall, JE; Mizelle, HL; Montani, JP; Smith, MJ; Van Vliet, BN | 1 |
| Chen, YH; Tsai, MC | 1 |
| Brading, AF; Bridgewater, M; Cunnane, TC | 1 |
| Holzer, P; Maggi, CA; Schluet, W | 1 |
| Nakamura, K; Okuma, Y; Osumi, Y; Yokotani, K | 1 |
| DeSautel, MG; Maher, JW; Sandler, AD; Schlegel, JF | 1 |
| Ma, RC; Parkman, HP; Stapelfeldt, WH; Szurszewski, JH | 1 |
| Goldie, RG; Henry, PJ | 1 |
| Jednak, MA; Judge, K; Ram, JL | 1 |
| Brown, MC; Liberman, MC; Sewell, WF; Sridhar, TS | 1 |
| Eto, T; Kawasaki, H; Takenaga, M; Wada, A | 1 |
| Kurahashi, K; Nishimura, Y; Suzuki, A; Usui, H | 1 |
| Ovais, M | 1 |
| Igbo, IN; Onuaguluchi, G | 1 |
| Changeux, JP; Vidal, C | 1 |
| Goñalons, E; Jimenez, M; Martinez, V; Vergara, P | 1 |
| Ciriello, J; Janssen, SA | 1 |
| Kawasaki, H; Nuki, Y; Taguchi, T; Takasaki, K; Wada, A | 1 |
| Kalfin, R; Marinova, D; Milenov, K; Vassileva, M | 1 |
| Atanassova, E; Milenov, K | 1 |
| Hattori, N; Sano, H; Takahashi, H; Terashima, Y; Todome, Y; Tsuruoka, J | 1 |
| Casada, JH; Dafny, N | 1 |
| Nylander, O; Sababi, M | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Evans, TW; Kuo, HP; Liu, S; Sheppard, MN | 1 |
| Munch, PA | 1 |
| Mizutani, M; Neya, T; Yamasato, T | 1 |
| Canning, BJ; Undem, BJ | 1 |
| Ishii, A; Karasawa, A; Kishibayashi, N; Tomaru, A | 1 |
| Bassoul, B; Bruelle, P; de La Coussaye, JE; Desch, G; Eledjam, JJ; Lefrant, JY; Peray, PA; Sassine, A | 1 |
| Fujii, K; Haruma, K; Kajiyama, G; Kishimoto, S; Kobayashi, H; Machino, H; Miyoshi, A | 1 |
| Akaike, N; Furukawa, K; Nabekura, J | 1 |
| Anthony, TL; Kreulen, DL | 1 |
| García, P; García-Sacristán, A; Hernández, M; Lema, L; Martín, J; Prieto, D; Rivera, L; Simonsen, U | 1 |
| Bell, LB; Clifford, PS; Mittelstadt, SW; O'Hagan, KP | 1 |
| Greenway, CV; Innes, IR; Scott, GD | 1 |
| Ohuchi, T; Okabe, S; Takeuchi, K; Ueshima, K | 1 |
| Hansen, MB | 1 |
| Castagliuolo, I; Jaffer, A; Kelly, C; LaMont, JT; Letourneau, R; O'Keane, JC; Pothoulakis, C; Theoharides, TC | 1 |
| Bengtson, RM; Camargo, LA; Menani, JV; Renzi, A; Saad, WA; Silveira, JE | 1 |
| Asakura, K; Kataura, A; Kojima, T; Narita, S; Saito, H | 1 |
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| Andrioli, A; Bellon, E; Coulie, B; Janssens, J; Tack, J; Vanden Berghe, P | 1 |
| Greyson, C; Lu, L; Schwartz, GG; Xu, Y | 1 |
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| Fihn, BM; Jodal, M; Sjövall, H; Sun, Y | 2 |
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| Akhtar, M; Green, C; Lu, J; McKay, DM; Sayer, B; Söderholm, JD | 1 |
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| Harris, M; Hoshino, E; Pappas, TN; Shiotani, A; Takahashi, T; Tatewaki, M; Uemura, K; Ueno, T | 1 |
| GIOTTI, A | 1 |
| JOHNSON, EA; WOOD, DR | 1 |
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| KAY, AW; MCARTHUR, J; TANKEL, HI | 1 |
| DAY, MD; RAND, MJ | 1 |
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| FENNER, PA; HILTON, JG | 1 |
| BURN, JH; GIBBONS, WR | 1 |
| JARRETT, RJ | 1 |
| ROBERTSON, PA; RUBIN, D | 1 |
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| Haga, N; Itoh, Z; Kuwano, H; Mizumoto, A; Mochiki, E; Nomoto, K; Shimura, T; Suzuki, H; Tanaka, T | 1 |
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| Bellina, V; Bibevski, S; Deck, J; Dunlap, ME; Gnecchi-Ruscone, T; Montano, N | 1 |
| Grandi, D; Guerrini, R; Lupo, D; Massi, M; Morini, G; Polidori, C | 1 |
| Li, Y; Owyang, C; Wu, X; Yao, H | 1 |
| Beitz, AJ; Choi, SM; Han, HJ; Jeong, TO; Kim, HW; Kwon, YB; Lee, HJ; Lee, JH; Roh, DH; Ryu, YH; Yoon, SY | 1 |
| Nikami, H; Shiina, T; Shimizu, Y; Suzuki, Y; Takewaki, T | 1 |
| Chiung, YM; Kao, YY; Liu, PS | 1 |
| Ishii, H; Izumi, H; Niioka, T; Sudo, E | 1 |
| Benoussaidh, A; Maurin, Y; Rampin, O | 1 |
| Bianciotti, LG; Corbo, NS; Rodríguez, MR; Sabbatini, ME; Vatta, MS | 1 |
| Ludwig, K; Mantyh, C; Nakade, Y; Pappas, TN; Takahashi, T; Tsukamoto, K | 1 |
| Karaki, S; Kuwahara, A; Mitsui, R; Ono, S | 1 |
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| Jacobson, K; Kamath, M; Miceli, P; Pinto, S; Saunders, PR; Tougas, G; Vallance, BA; Wang, L | 1 |
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| Casais, M; Delgado, SM; Rastrilla, AM; Sosa, Z | 1 |
| Chang, XR; He, JF; Li, JS; Liu, JH; Yan, J; Zhao, YL | 1 |
| Itoh, Z; Koga, H; Omura, S; Ozaki, K; Takanashi, H; Yogo, K | 1 |
| Habermehl, P; Kirkpatrick, CJ; Meyer, CU; Neumann, S; Razen, M; Wessler, I; Zepp, F | 1 |
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| Li, CL; Li, RT; Sun, Q; Ye, J; Yue, CQ | 1 |
| Atoji, Y; Boudaka, A; Kobayashi, H; Saito, S; Shiina, T; Shimizu, Y; Takewaki, T; Wörl, J | 1 |
| Ardell, JL; Hoover, DB; Parsons, RL; Tompkins, JD | 1 |
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| Amano, T; Ariga, H; Ishida, T; Kimura, T; Matsueda, K; Tajiri, H; Torii, A; Uehara, H; Yamato, S | 1 |
| Bornstein, JC; Larsson, MH; Lindström, E; Sapnara, M; Sjövall, H; Svensson, DJ; Thomas, EA | 1 |
| Baldassano, S; Mule', F; Serio, R | 1 |
| Bagcivan, I; Durmus, N; Gursoy, N; Kaya, T; Parlak, A; Sarac, B; Yildirim, S | 1 |
| Advenier, C; Chen, HZ; Cui, YY; Devillier, P; Wang, H; Zhu, L | 1 |
| Lu, YX; Owyang, C; Yao, H; Zhou, SY | 1 |
| Komine, H; Matsukawa, K; Murata, J; Nakamoto, T; Tsuchimochi, H | 1 |
| Kadowaki, M; Leng, Y; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Cialdai, C; Giuliani, S; Lazzeri, M; Maggi, CA; Tramontana, M; Turini, D; Valenti, C | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Broedl, U; Göke, B; Kemmer, M; Sibaev, A; Storr, M; Timmermans, JP; Van Nassauw, L; Yüce, B | 1 |
| Cansev, M; Ilcol, YO; Ulus, IH; Yilmaz, Z | 1 |
| Fujino, H; Hamada, Y; Horie, S; Murakami, I; Murayama, T; Yamane, S | 1 |
| Ishii, H; Izumi, H; Niioka, T | 3 |
| Barreto, SG; Carati, CJ; Jaya, SR; Saccone, GT; Schloithe, AC; Toouli, J; Woods, CM | 1 |
| Bravo, E; Coddou, C; Eugenín, J | 1 |
| Hirai, T; Ishii, H; Izumi, H; Niioka, T; Sudo, E | 1 |
| Freeling, J; Lacroix, C; Li, YF | 1 |
| Hayashi, K; Kakyo, M; Kinouchi, M; Miura, K; Nagao, M; Ogawa, H; Saijo, F; Sasaki, I; Sato, M; Shibata, C | 1 |
| Andersson, DA; Bevan, S; Bodkin, JV; Brain, SD; Graepel, R; Pozsgai, G | 1 |
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| Bartho, L; Benko, R; Nordtveit, E; Szombati, V | 1 |
| Ahmed, RO; Ajomale, K; Mustapha, A; Oladejo, RO; Owoyele, BV | 1 |
| Ishii, H; Izumi, H; Sato, T | 1 |
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1 trial(s) available for atropine and hexamethonium
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The effect of inhaled hexamethonium bromide and atropine sulphate on airway responsiveness to histamine.
Topics: Adult; Asthma; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System | 1985 |
602 other study(ies) available for atropine and hexamethonium
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Arginine vasopressin inhibits phasic contractions and stimulates giant contractions in monkey colon.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Colon; Defecation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Obstruction; Macaca; Mesenteric Arteries; Muscle Contraction; Postoperative Complications; Propranolol; Regional Blood Flow | 1992 |
Prostaglandins and modulation of small bowel myoelectric activity.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Dogs; Electromyography; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Perfusion; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1992 |
The autonomic nervous system modulates dry air-induced constriction in the canine lung periphery.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Autonomic Nervous System; Bronchi; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Bronchoconstriction; Dogs; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1992 |
Carbachol-induced theta-like activity in entorhinal cortex slices.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Scopolamine; Theta Rhythm; Tubocurarine | 1992 |
Cholinergic interneurons in the feeding system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. I. Cholinergic receptors on feeding neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Digestive System; Eating; Ganglia; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Interneurons; Lymnaea; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1992 |
Cholinergic interneurons in the feeding system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. II. N1 interneurons make cholinergic synapses with feeding motoneurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Choline; Digestive System; Eating; Evoked Potentials; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Interneurons; Lymnaea; Magnesium; Motor Neurons; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Cholinergic; Synapses | 1992 |
Cholinergic interneurons in the feeding system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. III. Pharmacological dissection of the feeding rhythm.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Choline; Digestive System; Eating; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Lymnaea; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Cholinergic; Time Factors | 1992 |
Effects of erythromycin in the dog upper gastrointestinal tract.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Digestive System; Dogs; Electrophysiology; Erythromycin; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neostigmine | 1992 |
Manifestations of acute opiate withdrawal contracture in rabbit jejunum after mu-, kappa- and delta-receptor agonist exposure.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Effects of selective tachykinin receptor antagonists on capsaicin- and tachykinin-induced bronchospasm in anaesthetized guinea-pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Biphenyl Compounds; Bronchial Spasm; Capsaicin; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neurokinin A; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Tachykinins | 1992 |
Ascending contraction mediated by 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptors in canine small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nifedipine; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Parasympathetic involvement in rapid meal-associated conditioned insulin secretion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Cholinergic Antagonists; Conditioning, Psychological; Eating; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 1992 |
Identification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in isolated canine lingual epithelia via voltage clamp measurements.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Barium; Barium Compounds; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Dogs; Electric Conductivity; Electrodiagnosis; Epithelium; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Muscarine; Nicotine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tongue | 1992 |
Yohimbine-precipitated clonidine withdrawal: an experimental model of the antihypertensive drug withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System; Choline; Clonidine; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Selective M3 muscarinic receptor antagonists inhibit smooth muscle contraction in rabbit trachea without increasing the release of acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ipratropium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Rabbits; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea | 1992 |
Synaptic activation of rat adrenal medulla examined with a large photodiode array in combination with a voltage-sensitive dye.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Coloring Agents; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synapses | 1992 |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide stimulates gallbladder motility in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Digestion; Dogs; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Gallbladder; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intravenous; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Sincalide | 1992 |
Enhancement of DNA synthesis in rat thymocytes by stimulating their muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; DNA; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoflurophate; Kinetics; Male; Nicotine; Oxotremorine; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Succinylcholine; T-Lymphocytes; Thymidine; Tritium; Tubocurarine | 1992 |
Differential effects of reactive oxygen metabolites on neurally stimulated and nonstimulated guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chloramines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Glutathione; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; Neutrophils; Oxygen; Piroxicam; Pyrilamine; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Vagally mediated acid hypersecretion and lesion formation in anesthetized rat under hypothermic conditions.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Clonidine; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothermia; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regional Blood Flow; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vagotomy | 1991 |
Effect of capsaicin on nasal secretion in anesthetized ferrets.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Body Fluids; Capsaicin; Drug Resistance; Ferrets; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Nerve Fibers | 1991 |
Cholinergic mechanisms involved with histamine hyperreactivity in immune rabbit airways challenged with ragweed antigen.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antigens; Atropine; Bronchi; Ganglionic Blockers; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Immunization; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Pollen; Rabbits; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea | 1991 |
Autonomic mechanisms underlying area postrema stimulation-induced cardiovascular responses in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cerebral Ventricles; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vagotomy | 1991 |
Interaction of myenteric neurons and extrinsic nerves in the intestinal inhibitory response induced by mesenteric nerve stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesentery; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Neurons; Neuropeptides | 1991 |
Cardiovascular changes induced by chemical stimulation of the amygdala in rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Carbachol; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Serotonin | 1991 |
Modulation of acetylcholine-stimulated insulin release by glucose and gastric inhibitory polypeptide.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Glucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Male; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Stimulation by interleukin-1 (IL-1) of the release of rat corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which is independent of the cholinergic mechanism, from superfused rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial complexes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; In Vitro Techniques; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Recombinant Proteins | 1991 |
Capsaicin-sensitive vagal stimulation-induced gastric acid secretion in the rat: evidence for cholinergic vagal afferents.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Acid; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Electrophysiological properties and cholinergic responses in guinea-pig celiac ganglion neurons in primary culture.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Membrane Potentials; Neurons | 1991 |
Cholinergic dependence of gallbladder response to cholecystokinin in the guinea pig in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gallbladder; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy, Truncal | 1991 |
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) stimulates arginine vasopressin (AVP) release from superfused rat hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal complexes independently of cholinergic mechanism.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Interleukin-1; Kinetics; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Recombinant Proteins | 1991 |
Evidence for the existence of a urethro-urethral excitatory reflex in urethane anesthetized rats: involvement of peripheral ganglionic structures.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Decerebrate State; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Ganglia; Ganglionectomy; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine; Urethane; Urethra; Urinary Bladder | 1991 |
Properties of the nicotinic-receptor-activated current in adrenal chromaffin cells of the guinea-pig.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Chromaffin System; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1991 |
Possible roles of the peripheral vagal nerve in histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs.
Topics: Animals; Asthma; Atropine; Bronchoconstriction; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Male; Reflex; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Blockade of reflex venous capacitance responses in liver and spleen by hexamethonium, atropine, and surgical section.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Blood Volume; Cats; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Liver; Organ Size; Reflex; Splanchnic Nerves; Spleen; Veins | 1991 |
Stimulation by acetylcholine and inhibition by norepinephrine of transglutaminase activity in superior cervical ganglia excised from adult rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aerobiosis; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Male; Nodose Ganglion; Norepinephrine; Prazosin; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transglutaminases; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Nitroxergic nerves mediate vagally induced relaxation in the isolated stomach of the guinea pig.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methylene Blue; Models, Biological; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; omega-N-Methylarginine; Reflex; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Cholinoceptor blockers protect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Atropine; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Synaptic response of bulbar respiratory neurons to hypercapnic stimulation in peripherally chemodenervated cats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electrophysiology; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Phrenic Nerve; Respiration; Respiratory System; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy | 1991 |
Neurokinin inhibition of cholinergic myenteric neurons in canine antrum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dinoprostone; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Neurokinin A; Neurons; Nifedipine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pyloric Antrum; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Intrinsic reflexes mediated via peptidergic neurons in the smooth muscle esophagus of the hen.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Chickens; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Peristalsis; Reflex; Substance P | 1990 |
Substance P and CGRP mediate motor response of rabbit colon to capsaicin.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; Rabbits; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Neural regulation of the interrelation between haustral and taenial motility in the rabbit proximal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Agents; Capsaicin; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Peptides; Rabbits; Serotonin; Substance P | 1990 |
Substance P has biphasic effects on catecholamine secretion evoked by electrical stimulation of perfused rat adrenal glands in vitro.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Epinephrine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Norepinephrine; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred BUF; Substance P; Time Factors | 1990 |
Effects of galanin on the opossum internal anal sphincter: structure-activity relationship.
Topics: Anal Canal; Animals; Atropine; Esophagogastric Junction; Galanin; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; Opossums; Peptides; Propranolol; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Action of cholecystokinin on the dog sphincter of Oddi: influence of anti-cholinergic agents.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bile; Cholecystokinin; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Sphincter of Oddi | 1990 |
Ion channels involved in the presynaptic hyperexcitability induced by herpes virus suis in rat superior cervical ganglion.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Herpesvirus 1, Suid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ion Channels; Male; Neurons; Physostigmine; Pirenzepine; Pseudorabies; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Pharmacological characterization of the vascular muscarinic receptors mediating relaxation and contraction in rabbit aorta.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta, Abdominal; Arecoline; Atropine; Diamines; Endothelium, Vascular; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rabbits; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Drug responses in antigen-induced contractions of tracheal strips of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Ovalbumin; Substance P; Trachea | 1990 |
Small intestinal amyogenesia and dysmyogenesia induced by morphine and loperamide.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestine, Small; Loperamide; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Piperidines | 1990 |
Dual effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide on duodenal motility of urethane-anesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Duodenum; Gastric Balloon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sincalide; Urethane | 1990 |
Mechanism of cholecystokinin-induced contraction of the opossum gallbladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Electromyography; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food, Formulated; Gallbladder; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lipids; Male; Muscle Contraction; Opossums; Sincalide; Time Factors | 1990 |
Neither adrenergic nor cholinergic antagonists in the central nervous system affect 2-deoxy-D-glucose(2-DG)-induced hyperglycemia.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Central Nervous System; Cholinergic Fibers; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Cholecystokinin-induced contraction of opossum sphincter of Oddi. Mechanism of action.
Topics: Ampulla of Vater; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Electrodes, Implanted; Food; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Infusions, Intravenous; Methysergide; Muscle Contraction; Opossums; Sphincter of Oddi | 1990 |
Laparotomy-induced gastric protection against ethanol injury is mediated by capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Ethanol; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Mucosa; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Laparotomy; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Acetylcholine-activated ionic currents in parasympathetic neurons of bullfrog heart.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Parasympatholytics; Rana catesbeiana | 1990 |
Central cholinergic stimulation affects ocular functions through sympathetic pathways.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cerebral Ventricles; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Intraocular Pressure; Norepinephrine; Pupil; Rabbits; Sympathectomy; Sympathetic Nervous System; Timolol | 1990 |
Spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate in conscious rats: effects of autonomic blockers.
Topics: Animals; Atenolol; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Fourier Analysis; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spectrum Analysis | 1990 |
Parasympathetic nervous control of intraocular pressure.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intraocular Pressure; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Efferent; Oculomotor Nerve; Parasympathetic Nervous System | 1990 |
Control of interdigestive and intraduodenal meal-stimulated pancreatic secretion in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Digestion; Duodenum; Eating; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Pancreas; Pirenzepine; Proglumide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Vagotomy | 1990 |
Ca2(+)-evoked [3H]dopamine release from synaptosomes is dependent on neuronal type Ca2+ channels and is not mediated by acetylcholine, glutamate or aspartate release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atropine; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cobalt; Culture Techniques; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Nifedipine; Rats; Synaptosomes; Verapamil | 1990 |
Serotonin induces constriction and relaxation of the guinea pig airway.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelium; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Phosphatidylinositols; Protein Kinase C; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Trachea | 1990 |
Cholinergic mechanisms involved in release and effect of prostaglandin E2 in HCl-stimulated duodenal HCO-3 secretion in the conscious rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Dinoprostone; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrochloric Acid; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1990 |
Regulation of postprandial motility in the canine ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Eating; Fasting; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Manometry; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Prostaglandins H; Verapamil | 1990 |
Cardiac responses to electrical stimulation of discrete loci in canine atrial and ventricular ganglionated plexi.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Denervation; Desipramine; Dogs; Female; Ganglia; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Heart Ventricles; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male | 1990 |
Arachidonic acid-induced secretion in the rat colon. Indomethacin-resistant neuronal and epithelial actions.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Atropine; Chlorides; Colon; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Masoprocol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Submucous Plexus; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1990 |
Release of met-enkephalin and its modulation through acetylcholine receptors in the rabbit superior colliculus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Male; Potassium; Rabbits; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Cholinergic; Superior Colliculi | 1990 |
Responses of rat isolated intestinal segments to stimulation of perivascular mesenteric nerve fibres.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Jejunum; Mesentery; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
On the nature of the contractile motor responses of the rat stomach elicited by serotonin or substance P in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ketanserin; Male; Muscle Contraction; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Stomach; Substance P; Tachyphylaxis; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Pharmacological analysis of the mechanism of action for colonic contraction induced by neurotensin, substance P and methionine-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Enkephalin, Methionine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neurotensin; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Somatostatin; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Characterization of cholinoreceptors in the rat urinary bladder by the use of agonists and antagonists of the cholinergic system.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Pirenzepine; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Tubocurarine; Urinary Bladder | 1985 |
Basal and spontaneous exocrine pancreatic secretion in conscious and anaesthetized chickens, Gallus domesticus.
Topics: Amylases; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Chickens; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Proteins; Secretory Rate | 1985 |
Characterization of substance P effects on canine antral muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Pyloric Antrum; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1986 |
Cholinergic neurons mediate intestinal propulsion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Intestines; Muscle Contraction; Neostigmine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P | 1986 |
Cholinergic neurons and the cardiovascular response produced by central injection of substance P in the normotensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cholinergic Fibers; Heart Rate; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Substance P | 1986 |
Regulatory mechanisms in endoluminal release of serotonin and substance P from feline jejunum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Jejunum; Male; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Serotonin; Substance P; Vagus Nerve | 1987 |
Atropine- and hexamethonium-resistant motor response to greater splanchnic nerve stimulation in the dog stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Motor Neurons; Phenoxybenzamine; Pyrilamine; Splanchnic Nerves; Stomach; Substance P | 1987 |
Mechanism of "substance P": on mesenteric blood flow; interactions with opioid peptides.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Naloxone; Oxygen Consumption; Splanchnic Circulation; Substance P | 1987 |
Pancreatic polypeptide inhibits pancreatic enzyme secretion via a cholinergic pathway.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Choline; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Pancreas; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Peptide Fragments; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sincalide; Veratridine | 1987 |
Substance P in the control of extrahepatic biliary motility in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Axons; Bile; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Gallbladder; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Substance P; Vagus Nerve | 1988 |
Characterization of the effects of neurokinins on canine antral muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dogs; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurokinin A; Neurokinin B; Pyloric Antrum; Reference Values; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
In vivo motor effects of substance P on the rat urinary bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P; Urinary Bladder | 1988 |
Involvement of substance P in noncholinergic excitation of rabbit colonic muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neurokinin A; Neurokinin B; Rabbits; Substance P | 1989 |
Evidence for muscarinic inhibitory neurotransmission in rodent small intestine.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neural Inhibition; Pirenzepine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synaptic Transmission | 1989 |
Capsaicin-sensitive nerves are involved in bile-oleate-induced intestinal hyperemia.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bile; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperemia; Immune Sera; Jejunum; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Regional Blood Flow; Reserpine; Sincalide; Splanchnic Circulation; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Ascending enteric reflex: multiple neurotransmitter systems and interactions.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotransmitter Agents; Reflex; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Local effect of substance P on colonic motor activity in different experimental states.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Release of VIP and substance P from isolated perfused canine ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dogs; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Peptide Fragments; Perfusion; Radioimmunoassay; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Involvement of substance P neurons in contractions of canine small intestine produced by mesenteric nerve stimulation.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Substance P; Sympathectomy; Vagus Nerve | 1989 |
Identification of neurotransmitters regulating intestinal peristaltic reflex in humans.
Topics: Atropine; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Motor Neurons; Neurokinin A; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peristalsis; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1989 |
Cholecystokinin induced gallbladder contraction is influenced by nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Dogs; Gallbladder; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1989 |
Excitatory effect of substance P in parasympathetic ganglia of cat urinary bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Evoked Potentials; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Urinary Bladder | 1989 |
Neural reflex of the canine pylorus to intraduodenal acid infusion.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Duodenum; Female; Gastric Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Neurons, Afferent; Pressure; Pyloric Antrum; Pylorus; Reflex; Sympatholytics | 1989 |
Functional localization of specific receptors mediating gastrointestinal motor correlates of vomiting.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Atropine; Copper; Copper Sulfate; Digestive System; Dogs; Domperidone; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Haloperidol; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Sincalide; Vomiting | 1989 |
Electrical pacemakers of canine proximal colon are functionally innervated by inhibitory motor neurons.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Electric Conductivity; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Motor Neurons; Muscle, Smooth; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide action on intestinal circular muscle.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Calcitonin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Carbachol; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Jejunum; Kinetics; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuropeptides; Peristalsis; Reflex; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Alterations of guinea pig alveolar macrophage oxidative metabolism by nicotine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Macrophages; Nicotine; Oxidation-Reduction; Pulmonary Alveoli; Superoxides | 1989 |
Role of brain acetylcholine in vasopressin release during osmotic stimulation and hemorrhage.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cholinergic Fibers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Sodium Chloride; Vasopressins | 1989 |
Induction of neurally mediated NaHCO3 secretion by luminal distension in rat ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Biological Transport; Electrolytes; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Sodium Bicarbonate | 1989 |
Excitatory and inhibitory effects of gastrin peptides on gastric motility in sheep.
Topics: Abomasum; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Female; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Organ Specificity; Pentagastrin; Rumen; Sheep; Tetragastrin; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Cholinergic control of smooth muscle peristalsis in the cat esophagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol Compounds; Cats; Deglutition; Esophagus; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathomimetics; Peristalsis; Pirenzepine | 1989 |
Central interleukin 1-elicited hyperinsulinemia is mediated by prostaglandins but not autonomics.
Topics: Acetophenones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Body Temperature; Cerebral Ventricles; Dinoprostone; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperinsulinism; Ibuprofen; Indomethacin; Injections, Intraventricular; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Interleukin-1; Male; Meclofenamic Acid; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Propyl Gallate; Rats; Reference Values; SRS-A; Tetrazoles; Vagotomy | 1989 |
Effect of acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine on the secretion of corticotrophin-releasing factor-41 and arginine vasopressin from the rat hypothalamus in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyproheptadine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nicotine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin | 1989 |
Reorganization of sympathetic preganglionic connections in cat bladder ganglia following parasympathetic denervation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Postganglionic; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Cats; Female; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Denervation; Nerve Regeneration; Neurons, Efferent; Phenoxybenzamine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Urinary Bladder | 1989 |
Dual effects of intracerebroventricularly applied nicotine on gastric motility in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vagotomy | 1989 |
Cholinergic modulation of hippocampal epileptic activity in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Epilepsy; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats | 1989 |
The electrophysiological effects of neurotensin on neurones of guinea-pig prevertebral sympathetic ganglia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Capsaicin; Cell Membrane; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Isotonic Solutions; Magnesium; Male; Neurons; Neurotensin; Time Factors | 1989 |
Nicotine-induced tail-tremor and drug effects.
Topics: Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Scopolamine; Tail; Tremor | 1989 |
Effect of substance P on somatostatin release from the isolated perfused rat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Male; Naloxone; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Stomach; Substance P | 1985 |
Comparison of the effects of primary prostaglandins on isolated human urinary bladder.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aged; Alprostadil; Atropine; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phentolamine; Prostaglandins; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Urinary Bladder | 1985 |
Acute effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on peripheral airways in dogs.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Dogs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Propranolol; Smoking; Time Factors; Trachea; Vagotomy | 1985 |
Hyperglycaemic effect of glucagon administered intracerebroventricularly in the rat.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Glucose; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperglycemia; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Insulin; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Muscarinic receptors on bovine chromaffin cells mediate a rise in cytosolic calcium that is independent of extracellular calcium.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Glands; Aminoquinolines; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cattle; Chromaffin System; Cytosol; Fluorescent Dyes; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Muscarine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1985 |
Vagal regulation of GRP, gastric somatostatin, and gastrin secretion in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neurons; Peptides; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1985 |
Neurophysiology and pharmacology of long-term potentiation in the rat sympathetic ganglion.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission; Temperature; Time Factors | 1985 |
Cholinergic control of gastric acid secretion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Cimetidine; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prazosin; Propranolol; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Role of autonomic nervous system on heart rate in experimental hypertension.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium Chloride | 1985 |
Biochemical characterization of the nicotinic cholinergic receptors in human brain: binding of (-)-[3H]nicotine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aged; Alkaloids; Atropine; Azocines; Brain; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Cell Membrane; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Quinolizines; Receptors, Cholinergic; Stereoisomerism; Thalamus; Tubocurarine | 1985 |
The compartmentalized hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system: evidence for a neurohypophysial action of acetylcholine on vasopressin release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamus, Middle; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasopressins | 1985 |
Effect of microelectrophoretically applied acetylcholine, noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin on the discharge of paraventricular oxytocinergic neurones in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Dopamine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lactation; Norepinephrine; Oxytocin; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Pregnancy; Rats; Serotonin | 1985 |
Characteristics of uveal vasodilation produced by facial nerve stimulation in monkeys, cats and rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Eye; Facial Nerve; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Rabbits; Regional Blood Flow; Uvea; Vasodilation | 1985 |
Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Biochemical characterization by neosurugatoxin.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Brain Mapping; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Mollusk Venoms; Nicotine; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1985 |
Effect of L-glutamate, injected into the posterior hypothalamus, on blood pressure and heart rate in unanesthetized and unrestrained rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus, Posterior; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Effects of locally and systemically administered cholinoceptor antagonists on the secretory response of human eccrine sweat glands to carbachol.
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Carbachol; Eccrine Glands; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sweat Glands; Tubocurarine | 1985 |
Role of cholinergic neurons in the cardiovascular responses evoked by central injection of bradykinin or angiotensin II in conscious rats.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bradykinin; Brain; Female; Heart Rate; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
The action of cholinomimetic and cholinolytic agents, hemicholinium-3 and alpha- and beta-bungarotoxin on the body wall muscle of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Choline; Decamethonium Compounds; Gallamine Triethiodide; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mecamylamine; Muscles; Nicotine; Oligochaeta; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Cholinergic; Succinylcholine; Tubocurarine | 1985 |
Contribution of neurogenic and myogenic factors to the contractile activity of the guinea-pig distal colon in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Physostigmine; Propranolol; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Pharmacological evidence for the existence of two components in the twitch response to field stimulation of detrusor strips from the rat urinary bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Urinary Bladder | 1985 |
Neural control of electrical gastric activity in response to inflation of the antrum in the rabbit.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Atropine; Dilatation; Electromyography; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Pyloric Antrum; Pylorus; Rabbits; Splanchnic Nerves; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1985 |
The mode of action of 4-aminopyridine on the chronotropic and inotropic responses in the isolated, blood-perfused dog heart.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardial Contraction; Perfusion; Sinoatrial Node; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
On the transmission of sacral parasympathetic nervous influence on distal colonic and rectal motility in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pelvis; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Rectum; Synaptic Transmission | 1985 |
Cholinesterase activity and exposure time to acetylcholine as factors influencing the muscarinic inhibition of [3H]-noradrenaline overflow from guinea-pig isolated atria.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Cocaine; Corticosterone; Drug Interactions; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Atria; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Physostigmine; Propranolol; Receptors, Muscarinic; Time Factors | 1985 |
Contractile effect of short-chain fatty acids on the isolated colon of the rat.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Physostigmine; Procaine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Effects of the autonomic antagonists on canine urethral responses to autonomic nerve stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Pressure; Propranolol; Rectum; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Urethra; Urinary Bladder | 1985 |
[Pharmacological mechanism of nicotine on isolated smooth muscle preparations of the monkey bronchus].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Physostigmine | 1985 |
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-mediated responses of the guinea-pig ileum and the effects of neuronal uptake inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Desipramine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Potassium Chloride; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta | 1985 |
Fast and slow synaptic potentials produced in a mammalian sympathetic ganglion by colon distension.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mesentery; Pressure; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reflex; Synapses | 1986 |
Effect and mechanism of vagal nerve stimulation on somatostatin secretion in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biomechanical Phenomena; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Heart Conduction System; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neck; Pancreas; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Somatostatin; Thorax; Vagus Nerve | 1986 |
Cardiovascular responses to the stimulation of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the conscious dog.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Azepines; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Norepinephrine; Phenylephrine; Propranolol; Stroke Volume; Vascular Resistance | 1986 |
Autonomic nervous system activity in Macaca fascicularis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Autonomic Nervous System; Female; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Macaca; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Propranolol | 1986 |
Evidence of local mechanism involvement in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release from canine small intestine.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Bile; Cattle; Ceruletide; Dogs; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Glucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestinal Secretions; Intestine, Small; Radioimmunoassay; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Ileal and colonic propulsive behavior: contribution of enteric neural circuits.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Methysergide; Motor Neurons; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine | 1986 |
Tachycardia releases atrial natriuretic peptide in the anesthetized rabbit.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atenolol; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Male; Rabbits; Tachycardia | 1986 |
Increase in plasma glucose concentration after intracerebroventricular injection of N,O'-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Bucladesine; Cyclic AMP; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP; Epinephrine; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperglycemia; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin | 1986 |
Elevation in plasma catecholamines in response to insulin stress is under both neuronal and nonneuronal control.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Medulla; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Catecholamines; Chromaffin System; Epinephrine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Insulin; Male; Neurosecretory Systems; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred BUF; Secretory Rate | 1986 |
Mechanism of cholinergic stimulation of aldosterone secretion in bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Cortex; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cattle; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Inositol Phosphates; Parasympathomimetics; Secretory Rate | 1986 |
[The effect of autonomic antagonists on the in vivo urethra in the female dog].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Agents; Dogs; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phentolamine; Pressure; Propranolol; Urethra | 1986 |
Modulation of insulin secretion by pancreatic ganglionic nicotinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Dogs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Male; Phentolamine; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1986 |
Development of high sodium renal hypertension during chronic blockade of the vascular effects of vasopressin.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Heart Rate; Hematocrit; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypertension, Renal; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Vasopressin; Sodium | 1986 |
Relevance of spontaneous activity to urinary bladder function: an in vitro and in vivo study.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phentolamine; Pressure; Propranolol; Rabbits; Reflex; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Catheterization; Urination | 1986 |
Central cholinergic control of vasopressin release in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain; Carbachol; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Nicotine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Vasopressins | 1986 |
Effect of focal cooling of central chemosensitive areas on cerebral ischemic response.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cardiovascular System; Cats; Chemoreceptor Cells; Cold Temperature; Efferent Pathways; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lidocaine; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Phrenic Nerve; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1986 |
Effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on the smooth muscle tonus and the contraction induced by transmural stimulation in the carp (Cyprinus carpio) intestinal bulb.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carps; Diphenhydramine; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestines; Isometric Contraction; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; Naloxone; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Picric acid-evoked release of [14C]acetylcholine from the isolated synaptosome of rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Cortex; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Oxotremorine; Picrates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Scopolamine; Stimulation, Chemical; Synaptosomes | 1986 |
Neurohormonal regulation of secretin secretion in canine duodenal mucosa in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Carbachol; Dogs; Duodenum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Neurotransmitter Agents; Secretin | 1986 |
Effect of alpha, beta-methylene ATP on distal colonic and rectal motility--a possible involvement of P2-purinoceptors in pelvic nerve mediated non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic contraction.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Male; Pelvis; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Purinergic; Rectum; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tachyphylaxis | 1986 |
Cholinergic modulation of the release of serotonin in the gastric interstitial fluid. An in vivo study in rabbits.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neostigmine; Rabbits; Serotonin | 1986 |
The net fluid secretion caused by cyclic 3'5'-guanosine monophosphate in the rat jejunum in vivo is mediated by a local nervous reflex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cyclic GMP; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestines; Lidocaine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex | 1986 |
Investigation of catecholamine effects on stomach and duodenum motor functions in unanaesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Dogs; Duodenum; Epinephrine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Stomach; Vagotomy | 1986 |
Release of acetylcholine mediated by cholecystokinin receptor from the guinea pig sphincter of Oddi.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Ampulla of Vater; Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Bradykinin; Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrogen; Male; Muscle Contraction; Phentolamine; Proglumide; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Serotonin; Sincalide; Sphincter of Oddi; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide on gastric motility of anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Pentagastrin; Pyloric Antrum; Sincalide | 1986 |
Activation of a cranial vasodilator pathway during seizures in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Microspheres; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vasodilation | 1986 |
Dose-response curves of central and peripheral airways to nicotine injections in dogs.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Atropine; Chlorpheniramine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Nicotine; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Vagotomy | 1986 |
[Receptive relaxation of the canine stomach].
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Eating; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mechanoreceptors; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Receptors, Cholinergic; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1986 |
Fetal cardiovascular and breathing movement responses to endogenous opiates.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; beta-Endorphin; Cardiovascular System; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Fetal Heart; Fetus; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Naloxone; Pregnancy; Respiration; Sheep | 1986 |
Effect of cholinergic antagonists on basal and osmotically stimulated vasopressin release in compartmentalized hypothalamo-neurohypophysial explants.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Culture Techniques; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Hypothalamus; Male; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasopressins | 1986 |
Parasympathetic involvement in PAF-induced contraction in canine trachealis in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biomechanical Phenomena; Chlorpheniramine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Male; Methysergide; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Platelet Activating Factor; Reference Values; Trachea | 1987 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide facilitates the late component of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced discharge in the cat superior cervical ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Postganglionic; Cats; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Membrane Potentials; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tropanes; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Contribution of neurogenic and myogenic factors in the response of rat proximal colon to distension.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydroxydopamines; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Oxidopamine; Periodicity; Physostigmine; Procaine; Rats; Stress, Mechanical; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Electrical control activity of the lower esophageal sphincter in unanesthetized opossums.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Duodenum; Eating; Electrophysiology; Esophagogastric Junction; Esophagus; Fasting; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrostatic Pressure; Isoproterenol; Muscle, Smooth; Opossums; Stomach | 1987 |
Vagal influence on gastroduodenal HCO3- secretion in the cat in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Juice; Gastrointestinal Motility; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestinal Mucosa; Vagus Nerve | 1987 |
Effect of stimulation of afferent renal nerves on plasma levels of vasopressin.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kidney; Male; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Vasopressin; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1987 |
Effects of hexamethonium and atropine on the basal levels of immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Digestive System; Dogs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Radioimmunoassay; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veins | 1986 |
Calcium dependence of muscarinic receptor-mediated catecholamine secretion from the perfused rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Catecholamines; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarine; Nicotine; Perfusion; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Verapamil | 1987 |
Reversal by atropine of tetanic fade induced in cats by antinicotinic and anticholinesterase agents.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neostigmine; Neuromuscular Junction; Nicotinic Antagonists; Tetany; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1987 |
Four motor effects of capsaicin on guinea-pig distal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Colon; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Potassium Chloride; Tetrodotoxin; Tyramine | 1987 |
Influence of sodium deoxycholate on morphology, net fluid transport and motility in the small intestine of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Deoxycholic Acid; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Perfusion; Pyrilamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Terbutaline | 1987 |
Corelease of PHI and VIP by vagal stimulation in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, Gel; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Peptide PHI; Portal Vein; Tissue Extracts; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Single cell quantitative immunocytochemistry of cyclic GMP in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cyclic GMP; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Fluorometry; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium; Rats | 1987 |
Motoneurones of the submucous plexus regulate electrical activity of the circular muscle of canine proximal colon.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Submucous Plexus; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1986 |
The effects of electrical stimulation of myelinated and non-myelinated vagal fibres on heart rate in the rabbit.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Electric Stimulation; Femoral Artery; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Rabbits; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve | 1986 |
[Effect of cholinergic stimulation on spontaneous lymphocyte adhesion in vitro].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Adhesion; Drug Interactions; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Lymphocytes; Receptors, Cholinergic; Stimulation, Chemical | 1987 |
A permissive role for the vagus nerves in the genesis of antro-antral reflexes in the anaesthetized ferret.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Atropine; Carnivora; Ferrets; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Pressure; Pyloric Antrum; Reflex; Splanchnic Nerves; Vagus Nerve | 1986 |
Vagal release of serotonin into gut lumen and portal circulation via separate control mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Liver Circulation; Male; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Serotonin; Vagus Nerve | 1987 |
Hexamethonium: a probe to assess autonomic nervous system involvement in upper gastrointestinal functions in conscious sheep.
Topics: Abomasum; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Duodenum; Electromyography; Ganglia, Autonomic; Gastric Acid; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Muscle Contraction; Pyloric Antrum; Reticulum; Rumen; Sheep; Stomach, Ruminant | 1987 |
Mechanisms underlying the small intestinal fluid secretion caused by arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin E2 in the rat in vivo.
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Atropine; Body Water; Cyclic AMP; Denervation; Dinoprostone; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Secretions; Jejunum; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
Possible sensory receptor of nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Cats; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lung; Lung Compliance; Propranolol; Sensory Receptor Cells; Serotonin; Tidal Volume | 1987 |
Mechanisms mediating the positive inotropic and chronotropic changes induced by dopexamine in the anesthetized dog.
Topics: Adrenergic Agonists; Albuterol; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Dopamine; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Stimulation, Chemical; Tyramine | 1987 |
Parasympathetic nervous control of tracheal vascular resistance in the dog.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Laryngeal Mucosa; Laryngeal Nerves; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Trachea; Vascular Resistance | 1987 |
Effects of naloxone on basal and vagus nerve-induced secretions of GRP, gastrin, and somatostatin from the isolated perfused rat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Naloxone; Peptides; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1987 |
Cholinergic influence on prostaglandin E2 stimulated duodenal bicarbonate in the conscious rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Dinoprostone; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Prostaglandins E; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1987 |
Fluid secretion by gallbladder mucosa in experimental cholecystitis is influenced by intramural nerves.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Body Fluids; Cats; Cholecystitis; Dinoprostone; Female; Gallbladder; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lidocaine; Male; Prostaglandins E; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1987 |
Neuropeptide Y release from the adrenal medulla after cholinergic receptor stimulation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Cattle; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Enkephalin, Methionine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Neuropeptide Y; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1987 |
Hemicholinium-3 facilitates the release of acetylcholine by acting on presynaptic nicotinic receptors at a central synapse in Aplysia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aplysia; Atropine; Curare; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synapses | 1987 |
[Medical vagotomy: a new effective antiemetic therapy in cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting].
Topics: Adult; Atropine; Cisplatin; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Middle Aged; Nausea; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Vagus Nerve; Vomiting | 1987 |
Endothelium-dependent contraction induced by nicotine in isolated canine basilar artery--possible involvement of a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) like substance.
Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Atropine; Basilar Artery; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nicotine; Phentolamine; Physostigmine; Serotonin; Thromboxane A2; Thromboxane-A Synthase | 1988 |
On cholinergic mechanisms in the optokinetic nystagmus of the frog: antagonistic effects of muscarinic and nicotinic systems.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Eye; Functional Laterality; Gallamine Triethiodide; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Nystagmus, Physiologic; Ocular Physiological Phenomena; Physostigmine; Rana esculenta; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Scopolamine; Tubocurarine; Vision, Ocular | 1988 |
Noncholinergic transmitter(s) maintains secretion of catecholamines from rat adrenal medulla for several hours of continuous stimulation of splanchnic neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Male; Naloxone; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympatholytics; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Phorbol Esters; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Splanchnic Nerves | 1988 |
Enteric nerves mediate the fluid secretory response due to Salmonella typhimurium R5 infection in the rat small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enteritis; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Indomethacin; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestinal Secretions; Jejunum; Lidocaine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Salmonella typhimurium | 1987 |
Hyperglycemia induced by electrical stimulation of lateral part of dorsal parabrachial nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Kinetics; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 1988 |
Effects of stimulating the sympathetic innervation in bursts on submandibular vascular and secretory function in cats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dihydroergotamine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Propranolol; Salivation; Submandibular Gland; Sympathetic Nervous System; Time Factors; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1987 |
The effect of selective electrical stimulation of non-myelinated vagal fibres on heart rate in the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Nerve Fibers; Rabbits; Vagus Nerve | 1987 |
Effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on rat hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cells, Cultured; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamus; Male; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1988 |
[Action of trimethyl 3,3-N-hexene-5-lactam on the mechanical properties of the longitudinal fibers of the rat colon. An in vitro study].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Lactams; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Serotonin; Stimulation, Chemical | 1987 |
Adrenal sympathetic efferent nerve and catecholamine secretion excitation caused by capsaicin in rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neurons, Efferent; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1988 |
Vasopressin modulates the activity of nicotinic cholinergic mechanisms during memory retrieval in mice.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lypressin; Male; Mecamylamine; Memory; Mice; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Vasopressins | 1988 |
Functional shift from muscarinic to nicotinic cholinergic receptors involved in inositol trisphosphate and cyclic GMP accumulation during the primary culture of adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin System; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclic GMP; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Inositol Phosphates; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sugar Phosphates | 1988 |
Naloxone excites oxytocin neurones in the supraoptic nucleus of lactating rats after chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lactation; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Supraoptic Nucleus; Time Factors; Vasopressins | 1988 |
The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on gastric motility in the lamb.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Sheep; Stomach, Ruminant; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Time course of sympathetic denervation supersensitivity in canine ventricular recovery.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Methoxamine; Norepinephrine; Phenol; Phenols; Reference Values; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Synapses; Time Factors | 1988 |
Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor secretion in vitro by glucose.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyproheptadine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Glucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values | 1988 |
Extrinsic and intrinsic neural control of pyloric sphincter pressure in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Duodenum; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Motor Neurons; Pressure; Pyloric Antrum; Pylorus; Sympatholytics; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 1988 |
In vitro spontaneous motility of gastric smooth muscles of the sheep.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Oxygen; Sheep | 1988 |
Postprandial celiac and superior mesenteric blood flows in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Atropine; Celiac Artery; Dogs; Eating; Ethanolamines; Fasting; Gastric Emptying; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mesenteric Arteries; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Reference Values; Splanchnic Circulation; Vagus Nerve | 1988 |
Atropine and hexamethonium-sensitive, Ca/K-modulated, reversible swelling of mast cells in rat mesentery, due to feeding or exposure to carbachol.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Eating; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Homeostasis; Male; Mast Cells; Mesentery; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Angiotensin receptor binding and pressor effects in cat subretrofacial nucleus.
Topics: 1-Sarcosine-8-Isoleucine Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tissue Distribution | 1988 |
Neurogenic and humoral factors maintaining arterial pressure in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Carotid Sinus; Denervation; Dogs; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Pressoreceptors; Renin-Angiotensin System; Sinus of Valsalva; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1988 |
Time-dependent involvement of autonomic nervous system in hyperglycemia due to 2-deoxy-D-glucose.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Glucose; Circadian Rhythm; Deoxyglucose; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Male; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values | 1988 |
Regulation of [3H]GABA release from strips of guinea pig urinary bladder.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Clonazepam; Clonidine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscimol; Pentobarbital; Phenylephrine; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Prazosin; Tritium; Urinary Bladder; Yohimbine | 1988 |
[Changes in sensitivity of lymphocyte cholinergic receptors in patients with breast cancer].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test; Receptors, Cholinergic; T-Lymphocytes | 1988 |
Participation of cholinergic mechanisms in the realization of the effect of bombesin on the migrating myoelectrical complex.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Dogs; Duodenum; Electromyography; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Membrane Potentials; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Stomach | 1988 |
Effects of transmitter antagonists on monopolar postsynaptic potentials.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Curare; Decamethonium Compounds; Diptera; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Metiamide; Neurotransmitter Agents; Synapses | 1988 |
Regulatory mechanisms in the luminal and portal release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide during vagal nerve stimulation in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Jejunum; Kinetics; Male; Reference Values; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1988 |
Pressor response mediated via histamine H1-receptors of the guinea-pig sympathetic ganglia.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bretylium Tosylate; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Metiamide; Nicotine; Oxidopamine; Pyrilamine; Receptors, Histamine H1; Reserpine | 1988 |
Neuromediated action of beta-casomorphins on ion transport in rabbit ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Ions; Male; Naloxone; Rabbits | 1988 |
The effect of cholecystokinin-related peptides on periodic pancreatic secretion in fasting dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Water; Dogs; Fasting; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Pancreas; Pentagastrin; Periodicity; Proteins; Sincalide; Time Factors | 1988 |
Gastric vasodilatation and vasoactive intestinal peptide output in response to vagal stimulation in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Flow Velocity; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscle Contraction; Stomach; Vagus Nerve; Vascular Resistance; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasodilation | 1988 |
Cisapride induces clustered spikes and irregular spiking of the small intestine of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cisapride; Consciousness; Electrodes, Implanted; Fasting; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle, Smooth; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Antagonization of tetramisole toxicity by hexamethonium.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Diphenhydramine; Dogs; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Morphine; Rats; Reference Values; Tetramisole | 1987 |
Mechanisms of substance P-induced contraction of rabbit airway smooth muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biomechanical Phenomena; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neostigmine; Nerve Block; Neural Inhibition; Rabbits; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea | 1984 |
[Esophageal EMG activity in the pigeon (Columbia livia) in vivo].
Topics: Animals; Asphyxia; Atropine; Columbidae; Electromyography; Esophagus; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle, Smooth; Neostigmine | 1981 |
Effects of neurotransmitters on calcium efflux from cultured glioma cells.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Oxotremorine; Prostaglandins E; Time Factors | 1981 |
Effect of intracerebroventricular injection of nicotine and acetylcholine on renal water and salt excretion in conscious goats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Diuresis; Electrolytes; Female; Goats; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Kidney; Nicotine; Phentolamine; Physostigmine; Propranolol; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1981 |
Effects of peripherally administered GABA and other amino acids on cardiopulmonary responses in anesthetized rats and dogs.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Diphenhydramine; Dogs; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Propranolol; Pulmonary Circulation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration | 1982 |
Influence of topical anesthetic, anticholinergic and ganglionic blocking agents on endogenous secretin release and pancreatic secretion in dogs.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanolamines; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hydrochloric Acid; Pancreatic Juice; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Secretin | 1982 |
Histamine receptors in the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum: H1- and H2-receptor-mediated potentiation of the contractile response to electrical stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestines; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Receptors, Histamine; Receptors, Histamine H1; Receptors, Histamine H2 | 1982 |
Both nicotinic and muscarinic agonists acutely increase tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity in the superior cervical ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol Compounds; Carbachol; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscarine; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1982 |
Sites of actions of adenosine in intrinsic cholinergic nerves of ileal longitudinal muscle from guinea pig.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Atropine; Binding Sites; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Tetrodotoxin; Theophylline | 1982 |
A further study of the cardiovascular responses to central administration of acetylcholine in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cisterna Magna; Female; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neostigmine; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1982 |
Influence of various drugs on the variations of blood pressure, hematocrit and plasma histamine caused by neurotensin and compound 48/80 in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cromolyn Sodium; Dexamethasone; Hematocrit; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Kinetics; Male; Neurotensin; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1982 |
Distinctive pharmacological profile of a nonadrenergic inhibitory system in bullfrog lung.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Dipyridamole; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Lung; Muscle Relaxation; Norepinephrine; Quinidine; Rana catesbeiana; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Affinity, efficacy, and stereoselectivity of oxotremorine analogues for muscarinic receptors in the isolated guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dibenzylchlorethamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Isomerism; Male; Oxotremorine; Parasympatholytics; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1983 |
Effects of microelectrophoretically applied acetylcholine- and angiotensin-antagonists on the paraventricular neurosecretory cells excited by osmotic stimuli.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neurosecretion; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Cholinergic; Saralasin; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1983 |
Release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide into the cerebrospinal fluid of the fourth ventricle of the rat: involvement of cholinergic mechanism.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Ventricles; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veratridine | 1983 |
Cholinoreceptors in the corpus cavernosum muscle of the human penis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Penis; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Receptors, Cholinergic; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Cholinergic drugs and 4-aminopyridine alter hypoxic-induced behavioral deficits.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypoxia; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1983 |
Chemical transmission in the rat interpeduncular nucleus in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Evoked Potentials; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesencephalon; Muscarine; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Physostigmine; Rats | 1983 |
Neurotransmitted effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha in isolated cat jejunum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dinoprost; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Jejunum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prostaglandins F | 1983 |
Intrinsic heart rate in the dog determined by pharmacologic denervation.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Atropine; Denervation; Dogs; Female; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Male; Pentobarbital; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol | 1983 |
Effects of locus coeruleus stimulation on carotid vascular resistance in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carotid Arteries; Cats; Cimetidine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Vagus Nerve; Vascular Resistance | 1983 |
Cholinergic control mechanisms for immunoreactive motilin release and motility in the canine duodenum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dogs; Duodenum; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Immunoassay; Male; Motilin; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Bombesin and calcitonin secretion by pulmonary carcinoma is modulated by cholinergic receptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Bombesin; Calcitonin; Carbachol; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Cell Line; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Peptides; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1983 |
[Transmission of excitation through the superior cervical ganglion at an early stage of postnatal development].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Cats; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Phentolamine; Rabbits; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tubocurarine | 1983 |
Contribution of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in the secretion of catecholamines evoked by endogenous and exogenous acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Catecholamines; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscarine; Nicotine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Effect of ganglionic blockade on catecholamine secretion in exercised dogfish.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dogfish; Epinephrine; Ganglia, Autonomic; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Norepinephrine; Physical Exertion; Propranolol; Sharks | 1983 |
Evidence for prejunctional and postjunctional antagonism of the sympathetic neuroeffector junction by acetylcholine in canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Heart Conduction System; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neuroeffector Junction; Norepinephrine; Propranolol; Purkinje Fibers; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Atropine-resistant secretion of parotid saliva on stimulation of the auriculo-temporal nerve.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Dihydroergotamine; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parotid Gland; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saliva | 1983 |
Neuronally mediated interactions between urinary bladder and internal anal sphincter motility in the cat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anal Canal; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Naloxone; Neurons, Afferent; Spinal Nerve Roots; Urinary Bladder | 1984 |
The mechanism of motilin excitation of the canine small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Motilin; Muscle Contraction; Rabbits; Stomach | 1984 |
Ionic mechanisms involved in the release of 3H-norepinephrine from the cat superior cervical ganglion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nictitating Membrane; Norepinephrine; Physostigmine; Potassium Chloride; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1984 |
A physiological and pharmacological analysis of the electrodermal response in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Brain; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Galvanic Skin Response; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Rats; Stereotaxic Techniques; Sympathetic Nervous System; Yohimbine | 1984 |
Muscarinic receptors and [3H]inositol incorporation in a rat sympathetic ganglion.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Cyclic GMP; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Inositol; Male; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1984 |
The role of the parasympathetic system in the regulation of bronchial smooth muscle.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Asthma; Atropine; Bronchi; Bronchodilator Agents; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathomimetics | 1984 |
GABAB receptor mediated inhibition of field stimulation-induced contractions of rabbit bladder muscle in-vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Neutral; Animals; Atropine; Baclofen; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Phentolamine; Picrotoxin; Rabbits; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, GABA-A; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder | 1984 |
Modulation of acetylcholine-induced secretion of gastric bombesin-like immunoreactivity by cholinergic and histamine H2-receptors, somatostatin and intragastric pH.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Cimetidine; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Peptides; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Histamine; Receptors, Histamine H2; Somatostatin | 1984 |
Nicotine-induced salivation in cats: effects of various drugs.
Topics: Animals; Antazoline; Atropine; Cats; Drug Interactions; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methysergide; Nicotine; Practolol; Salivation; Stimulation, Chemical; Yohimbine | 1984 |
Domperidone improves myogenically transmitted antroduodenal coordination by blocking dopaminergic receptor sites.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Domperidone; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Pyloric Antrum; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Gastrin release from isolated perfused rat stomach after vagotomy.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Perfusion; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach; Vagotomy | 1984 |
Efferent sympathetic nervous control of rectal motility in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rectum; Stomach; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1984 |
Efficacy and toxicity of drug combinations in treatment of physostigmine toxicosis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benactyzine; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Physostigmine; Pralidoxime Compounds; Tranquilizing Agents; Trimedoxime | 1983 |
Sympathetic effects on spontaneous activity in bovine mesenteric lymphatics.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cattle; Cocaine; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lymphatic System; Muscle Contraction; Norepinephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Cholinergic receptors in the Aplysia gill.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aplysia; Atropine; Carbachol; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Gills; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Physostigmine; Receptors, Cholinergic; Thionucleotides; Tubocurarine | 1984 |
Postnatal development of myogenic contractile activity and excitatory innervation of rat urinary bladder.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Drug Resistance; Electric Stimulation; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Physostigmine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder | 1984 |
Lack of cholinergic modulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activation by potassium.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Enzyme Activation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Methacholine Compounds; Physostigmine; Potassium; Pteridines; Receptors, Cholinergic; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1984 |
Role of autonomic nervous system in the time-dependent hyperglycemia induced by intracranial injection of D-mannitol and D-glucose.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Circadian Rhythm; Darkness; Glucose; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hyperglycemia; Injections, Intraventricular; Light; Male; Mannitol; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
beta-Adrenergic stimulation of the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate system regulated by cholinergic stimuli in the prostate.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcimycin; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cyclic AMP; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Isoproterenol; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prostate; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Tetracaine; Theophylline; Verapamil | 1983 |
Sites and mechanisms of action of neuropeptides on canine gastric motility differ in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Motilin; Muscle Contraction; Pentagastrin; Stomach; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Different modes of action of substance P in the motor control of the feline stomach and pylorus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hot Temperature; Pylorus; Stomach; Substance P; Vagus Nerve | 1983 |
Neurotransmitters involved in the colonic contraction and vasodilatation elicited by activation of the pelvic nerves in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Colon; Enkephalin, Methionine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Substance P; Vasodilation | 1984 |
Effect of carbachol on the release of peptide YY from isolated vascularly and luminally perfused rat ileum.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Kinetics; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Peptide YY; Peptides; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Effect of motilin on colonic motor activity in the interdigestive state in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Digestion; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Motilin | 1995 |
A single transmitter regulates gene expression through two separate mechanisms: cholinergic regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA via nicotinic and muscarinic pathways.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbachol; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Epinephrine; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Kinetics; Muscarine; Nicotine; Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase; Piperidines; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; RNA, Messenger | 1994 |
Gastrin-releasing peptide stimulation of amylase release from rat pancreatic lobules involves intrapancreatic neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pancreas; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1994 |
[The mechanisms of the rhythmic movements of the tracheal smooth-muscle wall during breathing].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Electromyography; Hexamethonium; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Periodicity; Rats; Respiration; Respiratory Mechanics; Trachea | 1994 |
Nitric oxide induces acetylcholine-mediated contractions in the guinea-pig small intestine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
The differential mechanisms of mild irritants on adaptive cytoprotection.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Capsaicin; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Indomethacin; Irritants; Lidocaine; Male; Mucus; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Chloride; Stomach Ulcer; Substance P | 1994 |
Involvement of nitroxidergic and noradrenergic nerves in the relaxation of dog and monkey temporal veins.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Dinoprost; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Indomethacin; Macaca; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nerve Fibers; Nicotine; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Prazosin; Tetrodotoxin; Timolol; Veins | 1995 |
Intragastric capsaicin stimulates colonic motility via a neural reflex in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1995 |
Stimulatory mechanism of EM523-induced contractions in postprandial stomach of conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Atropine; Dipeptides; Dogs; Dopamine; Eating; Erythromycin; Hexamethonium; Indoles; Motilin; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Ondansetron; Serotonin Antagonists; Stomach; Substance P | 1995 |
Vagal nerve stimulation of the guinea-pig oesophagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Physostigmine; Substance P; Thiorphan; Tubocurarine; Vagus Nerve | 1995 |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-enhanced non-adrenergic non-cholinergic contraction of guinea-pig proximal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle Contraction; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Serotonin; Substance P | 1995 |
Effect of acetylcholine on corticotropin-releasing factor gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of conscious rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Atropine; Blotting, Northern; Cholinergic Antagonists; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression; Hexamethonium; Kinetics; Male; Microinjections; Parasympatholytics; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Vagal control of nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release in the regulation of gastric relaxation in rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Male; Motor Activity; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1995 |
Spectral patterns and frequency response characteristics of arterial pressure in heart paced dogs.
Topics: Acceleration; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Rest; Stroke Volume | 1995 |
Effect of scorpion toxin from Tityus serrulatus on the contraction of the isolated rat uterus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Bradykinin; Chemical Fractionation; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism; Female; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Neostigmine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scorpion Venoms; Scorpions; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Toxins, Biological; Uterine Contraction | 1995 |
Effects of nitric oxide inhibition on duodenal function in rat: involvement of neural mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
Reduced parasympathetic control of heart rate in obese dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Baroreflex; Cardiovascular System; Dogs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Obesity; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Propranolol; Rest | 1995 |
Bursting firing of action potentials in central snail neurons elicited by d-amphetamine: role of the electrogenic sodium pump.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Dextroamphetamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edetic Acid; Esophagus; Haloperidol; Hexamethonium; Magnesium; Neurons; Ouabain; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenobarbital; Potassium; Prazosin; Propranolol; Snails; Sodium; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Temperature; Tubocurarine; Verapamil | 1995 |
Characteristic features of inhibitory junction potentials evoked by single stimuli in the guinea-pig isolated taenia caeci.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Apamin; Arginine; Atropine; Cadmium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cecum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides | 1995 |
Ascending enteric reflex contraction: roles of acetylcholine and tachykinins in relation to distension and propagation of excitation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Isotonic Contraction; Jejunum; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurokinin A; Peptide Fragments; Physalaemin; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Reflex; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Tachykinins | 1993 |
Release of endogenous acetylcholine from a vascularly perfused rat stomach in vitro; inhibition by M3 muscarinic autoreceptors and alpha-2 adrenoceptors.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Clonidine; Diamines; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Oxotremorine; Parasympatholytics; Perfusion; Phenylephrine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stomach; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Neuroregulation of a chemosensitive afferent system in the canine distal esophagus.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Esophagus; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mucous Membrane; Nociceptors; Piperidines; Pressure; Pulse; Respiration; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy | 1993 |
Direct and indirect mechanosensory pathways from the colon to the inferior mesenteric ganglion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Electrophysiology; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Physical Stimulation; Substance P; Tubocurarine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Potentiation by endothelin-1 of cholinergic nerve-mediated contractions in mouse trachea via activation of ETB receptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; Endothelins; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuromuscular Junction; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, Endothelin; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Viper Venoms | 1995 |
Antagonists of cholinergic and serotonergic responses of Aplysia buccal muscle.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Acetylcholine; Animals; Aplysia; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Mecamylamine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Piperazines; Pirenzepine; Serotonin Antagonists | 1994 |
A novel cholinergic "slow effect" of efferent stimulation on cochlear potentials in the guinea pig.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cochlea; Decamethonium Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer; Hexamethonium; Membrane Potentials; Models, Neurological; Nerve Fibers; Piperidines; Strychnine; Time Factors; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1995 |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide mediates acetylcholine-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation in mesenteric resistance blood vessels of the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Deoxycholic Acid; Endothelium, Vascular; Hexamethonium; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1995 |
Endothelium-dependent contraction induced by acetylcholine in isolated rat renal arteries.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arginine; Aspirin; Atropine; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Hexamethonium; Hydrazines; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitroarginine; Phospholipases A; Quinacrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Renal Artery; Terpenes; Thromboxane A2; Thromboxane-A Synthase | 1995 |
Control of melanosome movements in isolated skin melanophores of a catfish Clarias batrachus (Linn.).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Catecholamines; Catfishes; Drug Interactions; Epinephrine; Female; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Melanocytes; Melanophores; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Skin | 1994 |
Effect of levamisole hydrochloride on the guinea-pig atrium.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atropine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Antagonism; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Levamisole; Lidocaine; Male; Practolol; Verapamil | 1993 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic modulations of excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat prefrontal cortex in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Cerebral Cortex; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mecamylamine; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Neurons; Nicotine; Pirenzepine; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission; Tubocurarine | 1993 |
Mechanism of action of CCK in avian gastroduodenal motility: evidence for nitric oxide involvement.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Chickens; Duodenum; Electromyography; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Sincalide; Stomach; Vagotomy | 1993 |
Effect of glutamate stimulation of bed nucleus of the stria terminalis on arterial pressure and heart rate.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Mapping; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Microinjections; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thalamic Nuclei | 1993 |
Effects of dorsal rhizotomy on depressor response to spinal cord stimulation mediated by endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide in the pithed rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Male; Methoxamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reference Values; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilation | 1993 |
Effect of neurotensin on the canine gallbladder motility: in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dogs; Gallbladder; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Neurotensin; Pressure; Sincalide; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1993 |
Effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide and somatostatin on the motility and release of [3H]acetylcholine in canine colon.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Sincalide; Somatostatin | 1993 |
Plasma insulin and glucagon responses to intravenous infusion of propionate and their autonomic control in sheep.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ganglionic Blockers; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Infusions, Intravenous; Insulin; Male; Phentolamine; Propionates; Propranolol; Sheep | 1993 |
Muscarinic receptors mediate the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on neurons of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amygdala; Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Iontophoresis; Male; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1993 |
Elevation of intraluminal pressure and cyclooxygenase inhibitors increases duodenal alkaline secretion.
Topics: Alkalies; Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Denervation; Duodenum; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Naloxone; Permeability; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vagus Nerve | 1994 |
Vagal stimulation induces increased pulmonary vascular permeability in guinea pig.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Capillary Permeability; Capsaicin; Catecholamines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Oxidopamine; Phentolamine; Phenylephrine; Premedication; Propranolol; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Edema; Vagus Nerve | 1994 |
Endothelium-mediated and direct actions of acetylcholine on rabbit aortic baroreceptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta; Arginine; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Norepinephrine; omega-N-Methylarginine; Pressoreceptors; Rabbits; Vasoconstriction | 1994 |
Role of 5-HT3 receptors in peristaltic reflex elicited by stroking the mucosa in the canine jejunum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indoles; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Neural Pathways; Nifedipine; Ondansetron; Peristalsis; Physical Stimulation; Receptors, Serotonin; Reflex; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Tropisetron | 1993 |
Evidence that distinct neural pathways mediate parasympathetic contractions and relaxations of guinea-pig trachealis.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Dinoprost; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neural Pathways; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Trachea; Trimethaphan; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Colonic giant migrating contractions induced by glycerol enema in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Catheterization; Clonidine; Colon; Enema; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glycerol; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Lidocaine; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
Mechanisms of the putative cardioprotective effect of hexamethonium in anesthetized dogs given a large dose of bupivacaine.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Function; Atropine; Bupivacaine; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrocardiography; Electrophysiology; Female; Heart; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Models, Biological; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pentobarbital; Sodium Channels | 1994 |
Inhibitory action of CCK-OP on rat proximal colon.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Fasting; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Proglumide; Rats; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide | 1994 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine responses in differentiated PC12 cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Differentiation; Cell Membrane Permeability; Egtazic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Nerve Growth Factors; Nicotine; Nystatin; Parasympatholytics; PC12 Cells; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tubocurarine | 1994 |
A physiologically-evoked M1-muscarinic depolarization in guinea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colon; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stress, Mechanical | 1994 |
Histochemical and functional evidence for a cholinergic innervation of the equine ureter.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Arginine; Arteries; Atropine; Biomarkers; Cholinergic Fibers; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Horses; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Peristalsis; Ureter | 1994 |
Intrapericardial blocking agents have extracardiac effects in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Pericardium; Propranolol; Trachea; Vagus Nerve | 1994 |
Venoconstriction of hepatic capacitance vessels during hemorrhage in cats: efferent mechanisms.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Aorta; Atropine; Blood Volume; Cats; Constriction; Denervation; Efferent Pathways; Hemorrhage; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Liver; Liver Circulation; Nephrectomy; Splanchnic Nerves; Vascular Resistance; Vasoconstriction; Veins | 1994 |
Acid secretory and duodenal ulcerogenic responses induced by mepirizole in anesthetized rats. Relation to body temperature.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenal Ulcer; Epirizole; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vagotomy | 1994 |
ICS 205-930 reduces 5-methoxytryptamine-induced short-circuit current in stripped pig jejunum.
Topics: 5-Methoxytryptamine; Animals; Atropine; Bumetanide; Drug Interactions; Electrophysiology; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Jejunum; Kinetics; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Swine; Tetrodotoxin; Theophylline; Tropisetron | 1994 |
Neuronal involvement in the intestinal effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A and Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin in rat ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bacterial Toxins; Captopril; Enterotoxins; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Lidocaine; Male; Mast Cells; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Effect of cholinergic stimulation of the amygdaloid complex on water and salt intake.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Drinking; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Male; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Water Deprivation | 1994 |
Changes in nasal airway resistance and secretory response in the guinea pig after nasal challenge with capsaicin and histamine.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Airway Resistance; Aminophylline; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Diphenhydramine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exudates and Transudates; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Neurons, Afferent; Nose; Terbutaline; Time Factors | 1994 |
HCl-stimulated duodenal HCO3- secretion in conscious rat. Interactions among VIP, nicotinic receptor mechanisms, and prostaglandins.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Hydrochloric Acid; Indomethacin; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Wakefulness | 1994 |
Acetylcholine receptor agonists stimulate [3H]taurine release from rat sympathetic ganglia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fluorometry; Hexamethonium; Male; Microscopy; Muscarine; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oxotremorine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regression Analysis; Superior Cervical Ganglion; Taurine | 1994 |
Neurally maintained hypersecretion in undernourished rat intestine activated by E. coli STa enterotoxin and cyclic nucleotides in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bucladesine; Cyclic GMP; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Enterotoxins; Escherichia coli; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Jejunum; Male; Nucleotides, Cyclic; Nutrition Disorders; Procaine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Cisapride and 5-hydroxytryptamine enhance motility in the canine antrum via separate pathways, not involving 5-hydroxytryptamine1,2,3,4 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzimidazoles; Cisapride; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Piperidines; Pyloric Antrum; Pyridines; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Tropisetron | 1993 |
Characterization of peptide-YY release in response to intracolonic infusion of amino acids.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colon; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Intravenous; Kinetics; Male; Peptide YY; Peptides; Phenylalanine; Propranolol; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 1993 |
Effects of cholinoceptor and 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor antagonism on erythromycin-induced canine intestinal motility disruption and emesis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzamides; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dogs; Electromyography; Erythromycin; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intravenous; Intestine, Small; Male; Metoclopramide; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Serotonin Antagonists; Tropanes; Vomiting | 1993 |
Selective alterations in transglutaminase activity of rat superior cervical ganglia in response to neurotransmitters, high potassium and sialic acid-containing compounds.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aerobiosis; Animals; Atropine; Cholesterol Esters; Female; G(M1) Ganglioside; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Norepinephrine; Potassium Chloride; Prazosin; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sialic Acids; Transglutaminases; Yohimbine | 1993 |
Amino acids modify activity of canine intrinsic cardiac neurons involved in cardiac regulation.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atropine; Dogs; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Microinjections; Neurons; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Sympathetic Nervous System; Timolol | 1993 |
Mechanism of neurotensin stimulation of external pancreatic secretion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotensin; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Vagotomy | 1993 |
The action of diazepam in the isolated rat detrusor muscle.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Atropine; Baclofen; Calcimycin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diazepam; Electric Stimulation; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Gallic Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Muscimol; Muscle Contraction; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder | 1993 |
Vagal afferent pathway mediates physiological action of cholecystokinin on pancreatic enzyme secretion.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Capsaicin; Cholecystokinin; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Pancreatic Juice; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide stimulates release of peptide YY.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Neuropeptides; Peptide YY; Peptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Propranolol | 1993 |
Autonomic control of pancreatic polypeptide and glucagon secretion during neuroglucopenia and hypoglycemia in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Glucose; Brain Diseases; Eating; Female; Glucagon; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pancreatic Hormones; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Sympatholytics | 1993 |
Actions of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on sensory nerve endings in rat skin, in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Bradykinin; Carbachol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Nerve Fibers; Nociceptors; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sensory Receptor Cells; Skin; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
A study on the vasopressin induced delay in the gastrointestinal transit in mice: possible mechanism of action.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Transit; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mice; Physostigmine; Propranolol; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Yohimbine | 1993 |
Mechanisms involved in the control of exocrine pancreatic secretion in the interdigestive state in the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Duodenum; Fasting; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Models, Biological; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Perfusion; Rabbits; Secretin; Secretory Rate; Species Specificity; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1993 |
Effect of acetylcholine infusion on adrenal vasculature and catecholamine secretion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Aorta; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Catecholamines; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Regional Blood Flow; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1993 |
Cholinergic agents modulate transport in the isolated, perfused ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Biological Transport; Cholinergic Agents; Electrolytes; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Perfusion; Pressure; Rabbits; Water | 1995 |
Cholinoceptor-mediated control of catecholamine release from chromaffin cells in the American eel, Anguilla rostrata.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chromaffin Granules; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Eels; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1995 |
Electrical and chemical stimulation of the same hypothalamic loci in relation to agressive behaviour in cats: a comparison study.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Female; Hexamethonium; Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus, Anterior; Male; Microinjections; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Preoptic Area; Stimulation, Chemical | 1995 |
Analysis of miosis produced by McN-A-343 in anesthetized cats.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Ganglionectomy; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Male; Miosis; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pupil; Receptors, Muscarinic; Superior Cervical Ganglion; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagus Nerve | 1995 |
Effect of motilin, somatostatin and bombesin on gastroduodenal myoelectric activity in sheep.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Duodenum; Electroencephalography; Erythromycin; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Motilin; Sheep; Somatostatin; Stomach | 1996 |
Central and NO mediated mechanisms are involved in the inhibitory effects of CCK on the chicken cecorectal area.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Cecum; Chickens; Defecation; Electromyography; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rectum; Sincalide; Tetragastrin | 1996 |
Two ion currents activated by acetylcholine in the ARC muscle of Aplysia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aplysia; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Cations; Chloride Channels; Choline; Hexamethonium; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Muscle Contraction; Neuromuscular Junction; Tubocurarine | 1996 |
Small-bowel obstruction and the effects of lidocaine, atropine and hexamethonium on inflammation and fluid losses.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Atropine; Coloring Agents; Dehydration; Enteritis; Evans Blue; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestinal Obstruction; Intestinal Secretions; Jejunal Diseases; Jejunum; Lidocaine; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1996 |
Parasympathetic component of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced pulmonary dysfunctions in healthy calves.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Apnea; Atropine; Bradycardia; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Cholinergic Agents; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hypertension; Hypocapnia; Hypoxia; Lung; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; Serotonin; Tachycardia | 1996 |
Control of gallbladder contractions by cholecystokinin through cholecystokinin-A receptors in the vagal pathway and gallbladder in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autoradiography; Benzodiazepinones; Binding, Competitive; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Dogs; Eating; Gallbladder; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Phenylurea Compounds; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 1995 |
Cardiovascular and respiratory changes following exposure to a synthetic toxin of Ptychodiscus brevis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Dinoflagellida; Female; Hexamethonium; Male; Neurotoxins; Pressoreceptors; Propranolol; Receptors, Cholinergic; Respiration | 1995 |
5-HT-induced jejunal motor activity: enteric locus of action and receptor subtypes.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Jejunum; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Characteristics of vagal reflex-mediated tracheal response induced by bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Bronchoconstriction; Bronchodilator Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine Antagonists; Male; Methylene Blue; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Propranolol; Reflex; Serotonin Antagonists; Trachea; Vagus Nerve | 1996 |
Neural involvement in 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced net electrogenic ion secretion in the rat intestine in-vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Colon; Dinoprostone; Electrophysiology; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Ion Channels; Jejunum; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Substance P | 1996 |
Effect of modulating voltage-dependent calcium channels on cholecystokinin and acetylcholine-induced contractions of the guinea pig gallbladder.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Extracellular Space; Gallbladder; Gastrointestinal Agents; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Isometric Contraction; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Potassium; Sincalide; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Excitatory effects of volatile fatty acids on the in vitro motility of the rumen of sheep.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Butyrates; Butyric Acid; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Propionates; Rumen; Sheep; Sodium Acetate; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Cholecystokinin depolarizes neurons of cat pancreatic ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cations; Cats; Chlorides; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Membrane Potentials; Microinjections; Neural Conduction; Neurons; Nootropic Agents; Pancreas; Parasympatholytics; Sincalide | 1996 |
Acute toxicity of several organophosphorous insecticides and protection by cholinergic antagonists and 2-PAM on Artemia salina larvae.
Topics: Animals; Artemia; Atropine; Chlorpyrifos; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cysts; Hexamethonium; Insecticides; Larva; Methyl Parathion; Parasympatholytics; Parathion; Pirenzepine; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Species Specificity; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1996 |
Nicotine attenuates naloxone-induced jumping behaviour in morphine-dependent mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Phenoxybenzamine; Propranolol; Substance P; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sulpiride | 1996 |
[Relationship between distal colonic motility and nitric oxide in anesthetized rats].
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
5-Hydroxytryptamine induces forestomach hypomotility in sheep through 5-HT4 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Methiothepin; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4; Serotonin; Sheep; Stomach | 1996 |
Effect of motilin on gastrointestinal myoelectric activity in conscious rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Consciousness; Drug Interactions; Erythromycin; Gastrointestinal Agents; Hexamethonium; Motilin; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Ondansetron; Rabbits | 1996 |
Acute stress causes mucin release from rat colon: role of corticotropin releasing factor and mast cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biphenyl Compounds; Bretylium Compounds; Colon; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dinoprostone; Glucosamine; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Isoenzymes; Male; Mast Cells; Membrane Proteins; Mucins; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxamic Acid; Peptide Fragments; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Restraint, Physical; RNA, Messenger; Serine Endopeptidases; Stress, Psychological; Transcription, Genetic | 1996 |
A simple method for measuring the effects of drugs on intestinal longitudinal and circular muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brimonidine Tartrate; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Cholinergic transmission in pancreatic ganglia of the cat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Female; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Nicotine; Pancreas; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Effects of PACAP and VIP on adrenal progesterone release.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Alprenolol; Animals; Atropine; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Female; Granulosa Cells; Hexamethonium; Hysterectomy; Naltrexone; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Ovariectomy; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Mechanisms mediating insulin-induced hypotension in rats. A role for nitric oxide and autonomic mediators.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hypoglycemic Agents; Hypotension; Insulin; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1996 |
[The local reflex responses of rat tracheal smooth muscle].
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electrophysiology; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Procaine; Rats; Reflex; Trachea | 1996 |
Effects of PACAP-38 on the SA nodal pacemaker activity in autonomically decentralized hearts of anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Neuropeptides; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Propranolol; Sinoatrial Node; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Effects of monoamine receptor antagonists on nicotine-induced hypophagia in the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Anorexia; Atropine; Cholinergic Agents; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Eating; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serotonin Antagonists | 1997 |
Effect of carbachol on vascular and luminal release of immunoreactive gastrin from isolated perfused rat duodenum.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agents; Duodenum; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Perfusion; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 1997 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic components in acetylcholine stimulation of porcine adrenal medullary cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Catecholamines; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin Cells; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oxotremorine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Swine | 1997 |
Stimulatory effect of diazepam on gastric acid secretion in the continuously perfused stomach in rats under urethane anesthesia.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Atropine; Diazepam; Flumazenil; GABA Agents; GABA Antagonists; GABA Modulators; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Isoquinolines; Male; Parasympatholytics; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Pylorus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Urethane; Vagotomy | 1997 |
Bradykinin modulation of isolated rabbit heart function is mediated by intrinsic cardiac neurons.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Bradykinin; Dobutamine; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Perfusion; Rabbits; Tetrodotoxin; Timolol; Ventricular Pressure | 1997 |
Cardiovascular effects of an organophosphate toxin isolated from Ptychodiscus brevis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Aspirin; Atropine; Cardiovascular System; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cimetidine; Dinoflagellida; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Marine Toxins; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neostigmine; Organophosphorus Compounds; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Potassium Channels; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasoconstriction | 1997 |
Relationship between gallbladder bile concentration and motility in conscious dogs: role of cholecystokinin.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Bile; Bilirubin; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Dogs; Duodenum; Food; Gallbladder; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Pyloric Antrum; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Sodium | 1997 |
Motilin is a biosignal controlling cyclic release of pancreatic polypeptide via the vagus in fasted dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Duodenum; Fasting; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Motilin; Muscarinic Antagonists; Ondansetron; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Periodicity; Serotonin Antagonists; Signal Transduction; Vagotomy, Truncal; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
Rectal distention-induced colonic net water secretion in rats involves tachykinins, capsaicin sensory, and vagus nerves.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Water; Capsaicin; Catheterization; Colon; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nervous System; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Tachykinin; Rectum; Tachykinins; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
Use of antagonists to define tachykininergic control of intestinal motility in pigs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Neurokinin A; Perfusion; Phentolamine; Substance P; Swine; Tachykinins | 1997 |
Leukotriene-evoked cyclic chloride secretion is mediated by enteric neuronal modulation in guinea-pig colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bronchodilator Agents; Chlorides; Colon; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Leukotriene C4; Leukotriene D4; Neurons; Piroxicam; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Rectal response of cardiac origin in the cat: involvement of nitric oxide and acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Coronary Vessels; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Myocardial Ischemia; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotine; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Pain; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rectum | 1997 |
Assessment of muscarinic transmission in the superior cervical and ciliary ganglion of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Cats; Chloralose; Ciliary Body; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglia, Sensory; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nictitating Membrane; Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
A novel motility effect of tachykinins in normal and inflamed colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Female; Hexamethonium; Inflammation; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
5-HT-induced colonic contractions: enteric locus of action and receptor subtypes.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Dogs; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Methysergide; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Ondansetron; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Urinary bladder response to hypogastric nerve stimulation after bilateral resection of the pelvic nerve or spinal cord injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chronic Disease; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hypogastric Plexus; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Prazosin; Pressure; Rats; Reflex; Spinal Cord Injuries; Sympatholytics; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Incontinence; Urodynamics | 1997 |
Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on plasma motilin release in fasted dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Food Deprivation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Motilin; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
[The anti-arrhythmic effect of the mu-opiate receptor agonists in adrenal arrhythmia: the role of the autonomic nervous system].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Electrocardiography; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
High-affinity CCK-A receptors on the vagus nerve mediate CCK-stimulated pancreatic secretion in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Capsaicin; Caseins; Devazepide; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Infusions, Intravenous; Infusions, Parenteral; Kinetics; Male; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
Inhibition of antigen-induced muscle contractions by inhibitors of thromboxane pathway in rat small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Antigens; Atropine; Benzimidazoles; Benzoxepins; Carbachol; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hexamethonium; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Imidazoles; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Ovalbumin; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Zucker; Receptors, Thromboxane; Sulfasalazine; Sulfonamides; Tetrodotoxin; Thromboxanes | 1997 |
Role of acetylcholine and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in gastrin secretion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
Evidence that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is a parasympathetic neurotransmitter in the endocrine pancreas in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nerve Fibers; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Staining and Labeling; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-27 causes a biphasic chronotropic effect and atrial fibrillation in autonomically decentralized, anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Neuropeptides; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Propranolol; Sinoatrial Node; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Neurohormonal mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Brunner Glands; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reserpine; Smoking; Tetrodotoxin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Wound Healing | 1997 |
Rat exocrine pancreatic secretion by vagal stimulation occurs via multiple mediators.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Devazepide; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sincalide; Vagus Nerve | 1996 |
Cardiovascular depressor responses to stimulation of substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Benzazepines; Blood Pressure; Brain Mapping; Dopamine Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Mesencephalon; Microinjections; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Salicylamides; Stimulation, Chemical; Substantia Nigra; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1997 |
CCK-8 activates hepatic vagal C-fiber afferents.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Devazepide; Electrophysiology; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Liver; Male; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Satiation; Sincalide; Vagus Nerve | 1997 |
Motilin controls cyclic release of insulin through vagal cholinergic muscarinic pathways in fasted dogs.
Topics: Activity Cycles; Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Digestion; Dogs; Duodenum; Fasting; Hexamethonium; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Motilin; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Ondansetron; Phentolamine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stomach; Time Factors; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1998 |
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the neuronal type occur in the plasma membrane of sea urchin eggs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Cell Membrane; Fertilization in Vitro; Hexamethonium; Mecamylamine; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Muscarine; Muscarinic Agonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sea Urchins; Sodium | 1997 |
[The reactions of the tracheal smooth muscle to histamine].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Trachea | 1997 |
Synchronous movements of the longitudinal and circular muscle during peristalsis in the isolated guinea-pig distal colon.
Topics: Anal Canal; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Colon; Digestive System; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Mouth; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Peristalsis; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Nervous control of alkaline secretion in the duodenum as studied by the use of cholera toxin in the anaesthetized rat.
Topics: Alkalies; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cholera Toxin; Duodenum; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Lidocaine; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myenteric Plexus; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nifedipine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists | 1998 |
Food restriction attenuates the blood pressure response to paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei lesions in aortic coarctation hypertension.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Aortic Coarctation; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Energy Intake; Food Deprivation; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hypertension; Male; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Phenylephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1998 |
Neural and non-neural activation of electrogenic secretion by 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat ileum in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Ion Transport; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Characterization of excitation-contraction coupling in conscious dogs with pacing-induced heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Dogs; Echocardiography; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Failure; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Contraction | 1998 |
Differential contribution of angiotensinergic and cholinergic receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to osmotically induced AVP release.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arginine Vasopressin; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Hexamethonium; Losartan; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Cholinergic; Saline Solution, Hypertonic | 1998 |
The effects of intrinsic nitric oxide on cardiac neural regulation in cats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Arginine; Atrioventricular Node; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Bundle of His; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Cats; Cholinergic Fibers; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hypothalamus; Isoflurane; Nerve Block; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Parasympatholytics; Pressoreceptors; Propranolol; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Vagus Nerve | 1998 |
Intravenous injection of guanylin induces mucus secretion from goblet cells in rat duodenal crypts.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cell Count; Duodenum; Edema; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Hexamethonium; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Mucosa; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Mucus; Muscarinic Antagonists; Natriuretic Peptides; Nicotinic Antagonists; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1998 |
The role of tachykinin NK1 and NK2 receptors in atropine-resistant colonic propulsion in anaesthetized guinea-pigs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Benzamides; Colon; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Male; Models, Biological; Muscle Contraction; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Peptides, Cyclic; Peristalsis; Piperidines; Quinuclidines; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 | 1998 |
Evidence for presynaptic cholinergic receptors in sympathetic nerves in human dental pulp.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alkaloids; Atropine; Azocines; Carbachol; Dental Pulp; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hexamethonium; Humans; Isotonic Solutions; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Norepinephrine; Quinolizines; Radiopharmaceuticals; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympathomimetics; Tritium | 1998 |
[Mechanism of the anti-arrhythmic effect of Rhodiola rosea extract].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Epinephrine; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1998 |
Tachykinin NK1 and NK2 receptor-mediated control of peristaltic propulsion in the guinea-pig small intestine in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzamides; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Peristalsis; Piperidines; Quinuclidines; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 | 1998 |
Quantification of sympathetic and parasympathetic tones by nonlinear indexes in normotensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Atenolol; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Diastole; Hexamethonium; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reference Values; Sympathetic Nervous System; Systole | 1998 |
Effect of VIP and PACAP on basal release of serotonin from isolated vascularly and luminally perfused rat duodenum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Neuropeptides; Nitroarginine; Peptide Fragments; Perfusion; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Swine; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Investigation of endogenous neurotransmitters of guinea pig gallbladder using nicotinic agonist stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Gallbladder; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Mollusk Venoms; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Propranolol; Receptors, Bombesin; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Attenuation of cardiac but not vascular component in baroreflex of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hypertension; Male; Nitroprusside; Parasympatholytics; Phenylephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY | 1998 |
Nerve terminal currents induced by autoreception of acetylcholine release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Autoreceptors; Calcium; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; N-Methylaspartate; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission; Xenopus | 1998 |
Investigation of the interaction between cholinergic and nitrergic neurotransmission in the pig gastric fundus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Agents; Chymotrypsin; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastric Fundus; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Physostigmine; Serotonin; Swine; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilator Agents | 1998 |
Effect of VIP and PACAP on vascular and luminal release of serotonin from isolated perfused rat duodenum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholecystokinin; Duodenum; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuropeptides; Nitroarginine; Perfusion; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Portal System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Effect of nicotine on apomorphine-induced licking behaviour in rats.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Interactions; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mecamylamine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Stereotyped Behavior | 1999 |
Effects of l-amphetamine on the central neurons of the snail.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amphetamine; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Calcium; Central Nervous System; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dextroamphetamine; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Haloperidol; Hexamethonium; Lithium; Magnesium; Methamphetamine; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Ouabain; Potassium; Prazosin; Propranolol; Snails; Sodium; Tubocurarine | 1999 |
Subtypes of muscarinic receptors regulating gallbladder cholinergic contractions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Diamines; Electric Stimulation; Gallbladder; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin; Tropicamide | 1999 |
Peptidyl inhibitors of shaker-type Kv1 channels elicit twitches in guinea pig ileum by blocking kv1.1 at enteric nervous system and enhancing acetylcholine release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Enteric Nervous System; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Kv1.1 Potassium Channel; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neurotoxins; Nifedipine; Peptides; Portal Vein; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scorpion Venoms; Shaker Superfamily of Potassium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Toxins, Biological; Urinary Bladder | 1999 |
Motor activity of vascularly perfused rat duodenum. 1. Characteristics of spontaneous movement.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Topographical and electrophysiological characteristics of highly excitable S neurones in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anal Canal; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mouth; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Neurons; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Does the guinea-pig ileum obey the 'law of the intestine'?
Topics: Anal Canal; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Mouth; Muscle, Smooth; Nitroarginine; Nitroprusside; Peristalsis; Physical Stimulation; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
The effects on net fluid transport of noxious stimulation of jejunal mucosa in anaesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Axons; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Capsaicin; Enteric Nervous System; Enterochromaffin Cells; Glucose; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nifedipine; Organ Preservation Solutions; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Stimulation, Chemical; Tromethamine; Water | 1999 |
Both afferent and efferent nerves are implicated in cholecytokinin motor actions in the small intestine of the rat.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Duodenum; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Lidocaine; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Neurons, Efferent; Nitroarginine; Oligopeptides; Phenylurea Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Tetragastrin | 1999 |
Corticotropin-releasing hormone mimics stress-induced colonic epithelial pathophysiology in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bretylium Compounds; Colon; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Electric Conductivity; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Horseradish Peroxidase; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Stress, Physiological | 1999 |
Non-muscarinic and non-nicotinic inhibition by the acetylcholine analogue carbachol of the delayed rectifier potassium current, iK, in rabbit isolated sino-atrial node cells.
Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Agonists; Nicotinic Agonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Rabbits; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sinoatrial Node | 1999 |
Indian red scorpion venom modulates spontaneous activity of rat right atria through the involvement of cholinergic and adrenergic systems.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart; Heart Atria; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardial Contraction; Rats; Reserpine; Scorpion Venoms; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Antisecretory effect of peptide YY through neural receptors in the rat jejunum in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Haloperidol; Hexamethonium; Idazoxan; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Male; Peptide YY; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Role of cholinergic receptors in adrenal catecholamine secretion in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Hypertension; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1999 |
Progressive alterations in circular smooth muscle contractility in TNBS-induced colitis in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Colitis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurokinin A; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Vasodilator Agents | 1999 |
Role of calcium channels in catecholamine secretion in the rat adrenal gland.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Catecholamines; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Nifedipine; Norepinephrine; omega-Conotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Role of AT(1) receptors and autonomic nervous system in mediating acute pressor responses to ANG II in anesthetized mice.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enalaprilat; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Imidazoles; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pyridines; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Vascular Resistance; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 1999 |
The herbal medicine Dai-Kenchu-Tou stimulates upper gut motility through cholinergic and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Male; Ondansetron; Panax; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Zanthoxylum; Zingiber officinale; Zingiberaceae | 1999 |
Excitation of dorsal motor vagal neurons evokes non-nicotinic receptor-mediated gastric relaxation.
Topics: Animals; Area Under Curve; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Motor Neurons; Muscle Relaxation; N-Methylaspartate; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stimulation, Chemical; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1999 |
Isolation of a muscarinic alkaloid with ocular hypotensive action from Trophis racemosa.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alkaloids; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Carbachol; Dogs; Female; Gallamine Triethiodide; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Ocular Hypotension; Pentolinium Tartrate; Pilocarpine; Pirenzepine; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Trachea | 1999 |
The pharmacological effects of an aqueous extract from Acacia nilotica seeds.
Topics: Acacia; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine Antagonists; Hypertension; Ileum; Lethal Dose 50; Medicine, African Traditional; Mice; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Promethazine; Seeds | 1999 |
Cardiac transplantation does not effect ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atropine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Ganglionic Blockers; Ganglionic Stimulants; Heart Rate; Heart Transplantation; Hexamethonium; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Nitroprusside; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vasodilator Agents | 1999 |
Initiation of phase III contractions in the jejunum by atropine, hexamethonium and xylocaine in conscious dogs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arginine; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; Consciousness; Dogs; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Indoles; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Jejunum; Lidocaine; Muscle, Smooth; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Piperidines; Postprandial Period; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Sulfonamides; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Intravenous infusion of hexamethonium and atropine but not propranolol diminishes apolipoprotein A-IV gene expression in rat ileum.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Antioxidants; Apolipoproteins A; Atropine; Ganglionic Blockers; Gene Expression; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Parasympatholytics; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger | 2000 |
Neurally mediated depressor hemodynamic response induced by intracoronary catheter balloon inflation in pigs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Ganglia, Autonomic; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Male; Models, Biological; Muscarinic Antagonists; Phenol; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Swine; Vagotomy; Ventricular Pressure | 2000 |
Synaptic transmission induces transient Ca2+ concentration changes in cultured myenteric neurones.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Microscopy, Confocal; Myenteric Plexus; Nerve Net; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nifedipine; omega-Conotoxins; Parasympatholytics; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Right ventricular pressure and dilation during pressure overload determine dysfunction after pressure overload.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Diastole; Dilatation, Pathologic; Disease Models, Animal; Dobutamine; Female; Heart; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Hypertension; Linear Models; Pericardium; Pulmonary Artery; Swine; Systole; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right | 2000 |
Enteric locus of action of prokinetics: ABT-229, motilin, and erythromycin.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Dogs; Duodenum; Electric Stimulation; Erythromycin; Female; Gastrointestinal Agents; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Motilin; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Rabbits; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Effects of neural blocking agents on motor activity and secretion in the proximal and distal rat colon: evidence of marked segmental differences in nicotinic receptor activity.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Chlorides; Colon; Electromyography; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Lidocaine; Linear Models; Male; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2000 |
Arecoline excites rat locus coeruleus neurons by activating the M2-muscarinic receptor.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Cholinergic Agonists; Diamines; Hexamethonium; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2000 |
The effects of lignocaine on actions of the venom from the yellow scorpion "Leiurus quinquestriatus" in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chickens; Drug Interactions; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Prazosin; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium Channels; Tubocurarine | 2000 |
A Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibitor, KB-R7943, caused negative inotropic responses and negative followed by positive chronotropic responses in isolated, blood-perfused dog heart preparations.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Depression, Chemical; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Imipramine; Isoproterenol; Myocardial Contraction; Ouabain; Perfusion; Propranolol; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Thiourea; Verapamil | 2000 |
Inhibition by CCK of ascending contraction elicited by mucosal stimulation in the duodenum of the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Depression, Chemical; Devazepide; Duodenum; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastrins; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitroarginine; Oligopeptides; Parasympatholytics; Peristalsis; Phentolamine; Phenylurea Compounds; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Sincalide; Tetragastrin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Ontogeny of cholinergic and adrenergic cardiovascular regulation in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus).
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Catecholamines; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Cholinergic Fibers; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Phentolamine; Prazosin; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic; Vagus Nerve | 2000 |
Nicotine potentiates sulpiride-induced catalepsy in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Atropine; Catalepsy; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Sulpiride | 1998 |
Neural regulation of intestinal smooth muscle growth in vitro.
Topics: Actins; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blotting, Western; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Male; Muscle Development; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Parasympatholytics; Phenotype; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scorpion Venoms; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2000 |
Coordinated transitions in neurotransmitter systems for the initiation and propagation of spontaneous retinal waves.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Calcium; Curare; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Hexamethonium; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Rabbits; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2000 |
Involvement of adrenergic and cholinergic systems in nicotine-induced anxiogenesis in mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Anxiety; Atropine; Clonidine; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Yohimbine | 2000 |
Caseinomacropeptide specifically stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion in the anesthetized rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Caseins; Devazepide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutens; Hexamethonium; Male; Milk Proteins; Models, Biological; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Sodium Chloride; Trypsin; Trypsin Inhibitors; Vagotomy; Whey Proteins | 2000 |
Spontaneous migrating motor complexes occur in both the terminal ileum and colon of the C57BL/6 mouse in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon; Female; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Sex Characteristics; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Prostaglandin E2 stimulates motilin release via a cholinergic muscarinic pathway in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Consciousness; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Dogs; Fasting; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Indomethacin; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Male; Motilin; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oxytocics; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2000 |
Functional innervation of the biliary sphincter of the guinea-pig revealed by anti-autonomic drugs.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Nitroarginine; Parasympatholytics; Sphincter of Oddi; Sympatholytics; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Localisation and neural control of the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the isolated perfused porcine ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Myenteric Plexus; Nerve Fibers; Perfusion; Phentolamine; Radioimmunoassay; Spinal Cord; Submucous Plexus; Swine | 2001 |
Evidence for a form of adrenergic response to stress in the mollusc Crassostrea gigas.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Chromaffin Cells; Dopamine; Heart; Hemolymph; Hexamethonium; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Ostreidae; Vasodilator Agents | 2001 |
Mechanisms for contractile effect of Dai-kenchu-to in isolated guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Indoles; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction; Male; Medicine, Kampo; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Panax; Parasympatholytics; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Plant Extracts; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Tropisetron; Zanthoxylum; Zingiberaceae | 2001 |
Intracisternal TRH analog induces Fos expression in gastric myenteric neurons and glia in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biomarkers; Carrier Proteins; Cisterna Magna; Efferent Pathways; Genes, fos; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Hexamethonium; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Microinjections; Myenteric Plexus; Neuroglia; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; S100 Proteins; Stomach; Thiolester Hydrolases; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; Vagus Nerve; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2001 |
Effect of vincristine on gastric motility in conscious rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach; Vincristine | 2001 |
Effects of two newly synthesized analogues of lidocaine on rat arterial blood pressure and heart rate.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Calcium Chloride; Cyproheptadine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Histamine Agonists; Indomethacin; Lidocaine; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Pyrilamine; Quinacrine; Ranitidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasodilator Agents | 2001 |
A pertussis toxin-sensitive 8-lipoxygenase pathway is activated by a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in aplysia neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aplysia; Arachidonate Lipoxygenases; Arachidonic Acids; Arecoline; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Choline; Cholinergic Antagonists; Conotoxins; Depression, Chemical; Enzyme Activation; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Hexamethonium; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Transport; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pertussis Toxin; Receptor Cross-Talk; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tetraethylammonium; Tubocurarine; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 2001 |
Acute cold exposure induces vagally mediated Fos expression in gastric myenteric neurons in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bretylium Compounds; Cold Temperature; Consciousness; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myenteric Plexus; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Vagotomy, Proximal Gastric; Vagus Nerve | 2001 |
Nicotinic receptors involved in gastric noradrenaline release evoked by electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Calcium Channel Blockers; Conotoxins; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Diltiazem; Electric Stimulation; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Splanchnic Nerves; Stomach | 2001 |
Tachykinin NK(2) receptors and enhancement of cholinergic transmission in the inflamed rat colon: an in vivo motility study.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Inflammation; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurokinin A; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Peptide Fragments; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neurokinin-2; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2001 |
Characterization of vagal input to the rat esophageal muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enteric Nervous System; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagus; Galanin; Gastrointestinal Agents; Hexamethonium; Hydrazines; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroarginine; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxadiazoles; Parasympatholytics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2001 |
Effect of cholinergic agonists on resting membrane potential of earthworm body wall muscle cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Membrane Potentials; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscles; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oligochaeta; Tubocurarine | 2001 |
[Interactions of histamine and glucocorticoids with nerve structures of respiration passages].
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Dexamethasone; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Glucocorticoids; Hexamethonium; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Parasympatholytics; Procaine; Rats; Trachea | 2001 |
Role of autonomic nervous system for development and suppression of motion sickness in Suncus murinus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Isoproterenol; Male; Motion; Motion Sickness; Muscarinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Shrews; Species Specificity; Vomiting | 2001 |
Mesaconitine-induced relaxation in rat aorta: involvement of Ca2+ influx and nitric-oxide synthase in the endothelium.
Topics: Aconitine; Animals; Aorta; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Chloride; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Phenylephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin; Vasoconstriction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation | 2002 |
The nature of the acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in buccal smooth muscle of the pest slug Deroceras reticulatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Choline; Esters; Gallamine Triethiodide; Hexamethonium; Mollusca; Mouth; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Serotonin; Scopolamine; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Succinylcholine; Tubocurarine | 2002 |
Effect of areca on contraction of colonic muscle strips in rats.
Topics: Animals; Areca; Atropine; Colon; Female; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2002 |
Gastric antisecretory role and immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid receptors in the rat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cannabinoids; Dronabinol; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pentagastrin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Vagotomy | 2002 |
Dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis perturbs muscarinic cholinergic control of colonic epithelial ion transport.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Colitis; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Ion Transport; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Narcotics; Nicotine; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Hypergravitation and sympatho-adrenergic reactivity.
Topics: Acceleration; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Epinephrine; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hypergravity; Male; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1976 |
Secretion from submucosal salivary glands of the ferret in response to a cholinesterase inhibitor applied onto the oral mucosa.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Female; Ferrets; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Lip; Models, Animal; Mouth Mucosa; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parotid Gland; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Physostigmine; Salivary Glands, Minor; Secretory Rate; Statistics as Topic; Submandibular Gland; Substance P; Time Factors | 2002 |
Intraperitoneal administration of choline increases serum glucose in rat: involvement of the sympathoadrenal system.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Choline; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Insulin; Male; Nicotinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2002 |
Acute effects of aflatoxins on guinea pig isolated ileum.
Topics: Aflatoxins; Animals; Apamin; Atropine; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Involvement of cholinergic neurons in orexin-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Benzoxazoles; Carrier Proteins; Enteric Nervous System; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naphthyridines; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexin Receptors; Orexins; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Tetrodotoxin; Urea | 2002 |
Central Orexin-A stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion via the vagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carrier Proteins; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Kinetics; Male; Neuropeptides; Omeprazole; Orexins; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vagus Nerve | 2002 |
Role of the autonomic nervous system in emetic and cardiovascular responses in Suncus murinus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Digestive System; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Phenylephrine; Reaction Time; Shrews; Species Specificity; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Vomiting | 2002 |
The effect of walking on regional blood flow and acetylcholine in the hippocampus in conscious rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space; Hexamethonium; Hippocampus; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Mecamylamine; Muscarinic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Time Factors; Walking | 2003 |
Oxytocinergic regulation of cardiovascular function: studies in oxytocin-deficient mice.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Algorithms; Animals; Atenolol; Atropine; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nitroprusside; Oxytocin; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Phenylephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympathomimetics; Vasodilator Agents | 2003 |
Inhibitory effects of atropine and hexamethonium on the angiotensin II-induced contractions of rat anococcygeus smooth muscles.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Depression, Chemical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neostigmine; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Yohimbine | 2003 |
Endogenous CCK depresses contractile activity within the ascending myenteric reflex pathway of rat ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Ceruletide; Cholecystokinin; Depression, Chemical; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Agents; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Neural Pathways; Pentagastrin; Peptide Fragments; Peristalsis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Tetragastrin | 2003 |
The rebound excitation triggered by anticholinergic drugs from ovine pyloric antrum, small bowel and gallbladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electrodes, Implanted; Electromyography; Fasting; Gallbladder; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Intestine, Small; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Agonists; Pirenzepine; Pyloric Antrum; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sheep | 2003 |
Inhibitory effect of the plant flavonoid galangin on rat vas deferens in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavonoids; Hexamethonium; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Structure; Muscarinic Antagonists; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Phenylephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Tachykinin; Vas Deferens; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 2003 |
Involvement of cholinergic neurons in the regulation of the ghrelin secretory response to feeding in sheep.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Agents; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Antagonists; Eating; Ghrelin; Hexamethonium; Kinetics; Male; Metoclopramide; Neurons; Peptide Hormones; Sheep; Vagus Nerve | 2003 |
Agonist- and nerve-induced phasic activity in the isolated whole bladder of the guinea pig: evidence for two types of bladder activity.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Electric Stimulation; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Lobeline; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder | 2003 |
Interaction of histamine and glucocorticoids with neural structures of the respiratory tract.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Bronchi; Bronchodilator Agents; Dexamethasone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Glucocorticoids; Hexamethonium; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Procaine; Rats; Reflex; Respiratory System | 2003 |
Involvement of enteric nerves in permeability changes due to deoxycholic acid in rat jejunum in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biological Transport; Chymases; Deoxycholic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epithelium; Hexamethonium; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine Endopeptidases | 2003 |
Dual effects of acupuncture on gastric motility in conscious rats.
Topics: Acupuncture; Animals; Atropine; Consciousness; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Emptying; Hexamethonium; Male; Models, Animal; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Opioid Peptides; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 2003 |
Interaction of nicotine and eserine, ephedrine, atropine, hexamethonium, and adrenaline in isolated guinea-pig auricles.
Topics: Atropine; Ephedrine; Epinephrine; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Hexamethonium; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Nicotine; Physostigmine | 1954 |
A comparison of the peripheral parasympatholytic and autonomic ganglion blocking activities of methantheline (banthine) and propantheline (probanthine) with atropine and hexamethonium.
Topics: Atropine; Cardiovascular Agents; Ganglia, Autonomic; Hexamethonium; Humans; Methantheline; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Parasympatholytics; Propantheline; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | 1954 |
Gastric and intestinal motility studies with morphine, atropine, hexamethonium bromide and banthine.
Topics: Atropine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Gastrointestinal Tract; Hexamethonium; Humans; Methantheline; Morphine; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Stomach | 1954 |
The inhibitory action of morphine on the contraction of the longitudinal muscle coat of the isolated guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Carbachol; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Histamine; Ileum; Intestines; Morphine; Muscles; Nicotine; Serotonin | 1958 |
A comparison between the effects of hexamethonium and atropine in combination and of vagotomy with gastrojejunostomy on human gastric secretion.
Topics: Atropine; Gastric Bypass; Gastric Juice; Hexamethonium; Humans; Stomach; Vagotomy | 1960 |
Effect of guanethidine in revealing cholinergic sympathetic fibres.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic Fibers; Amidines; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cholinergic Agents; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Norepinephrine; Rabbits; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1961 |
EFFECT OF SOME BLOCKING DRUGS ON THE PRESSOR RESPONSE TO PHYSOSTIGMINE IN THE RAT.
Topics: Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bretylium Compounds; Chlorpromazine; Choline; Epinephrine; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mecamylamine; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Pharmacology; Physostigmine; Rats; Research; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 1963 |
THE EFFECTS OF NEOSTIGMINE UPON GANGLION RESPONSES AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF BLOCKING DRUGS.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Chlorisondamine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Dogs; Ganglia, Autonomic; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neostigmine; Nictitating Membrane; Pharmacology; Physiology; Reflex; Research; Stimulation, Chemical; Synaptic Transmission | 1963 |
THE SYMPATHETIC POSTGANGLIONIC FIBRE AND THE BLOCK BY BRETYLIUM; THE BLOCK PREVENTED BY HEXAMETHONIUM AND IMITATED BY MECAMYLAMINE.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Biphenyl Compounds; Bretylium Compounds; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mecamylamine; Pempidine; Pentolinium Tartrate; Pharmacology; Rabbits; Research; Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1964 |
Action of nicotine on the rabbit muscular organ (ileo-colic sphincter).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bretylium Compounds; Catecholamines; Colic; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Muscles; Nicotine; Rabbits; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1962 |
Stimulation of intestinal nervous elements by angiotensin.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Angiotensin Amide; Angiotensins; Animals; Atropine; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Intestines; Muscle Contraction; Nicotine; Rabbits | 1962 |
Modification of spontaneous contractility of smooth muscle preparations from the bovine abomasal antrum by serotonin receptor agonists.
Topics: Abomasum; Animals; Area Under Curve; Atropine; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hexamethonium; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Sulfonamides | 2003 |
Effect of motilin on endogenous release of insulin in conscious dogs in the fed state.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Glucose; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Insulin; Motilin; Ondansetron; Phentolamine; Postprandial Period; Propranolol; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 2003 |
Enteric neurones modulate the colonic permeability response to luminal bile acids in rat colon in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Deoxycholic Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Absorption; Isotonic Solutions; Lidocaine; Male; Mannitol; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urea | 2004 |
Medicinal plants in Suriname: hypotensive effect of Gossypium barbadense.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Gossypium; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hypotension; Ileum; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Medicine, Traditional; Muscle Contraction; Phenoxybenzamine; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Suriname; Water | 2004 |
Differential reversal of drug-induced small bowel paralysis by cerulein and neostigmine.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Ceruletide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Neostigmine; Paralysis; Parasympathomimetics; Peristalsis; Sufentanil | 2004 |
Does the cholinergic system modulate gastrointestinal slow waves during less active phases of migrating myoelectric complex in healthy rams?
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agents; Electrodes, Implanted; Electromyography; Fasting; Hexamethonium; Intestine, Small; Male; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Pirenzepine; Pyloric Antrum; Receptors, Cholinergic; Sheep; Time Factors | 2003 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for the long-term response of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression to chronic nicotine treatment in rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Blotting, Western; Drug Interactions; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Hexamethonium; Male; Models, Genetic; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Splanchnic Nerves; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2004 |
Effect of cholinergic and adrenergic receptor blockade on arrhythmogenic activity of endothelin-1 during inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in awake mice.
Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atenolol; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Endothelin-1; Hexamethonium; Male; Mice; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide | 2004 |
Effect of rhubarb on contractile response of gallbladder smooth muscle strips isolated from guinea pigs.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Female; Gallbladder; Ganglionic Blockers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Plant Preparations; Rheum; Verapamil | 2005 |
Hindlimb unloading alters nitric oxide and autonomic control of resting arterial pressure in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hindlimb Suspension; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2005 |
A quantitative approach to recording peristaltic activity from segments of rat small intestine in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Peristalsis; Pressure; Rats; Videotape Recording | 2005 |
Origin and pharmacological response of atrial tachyarrhythmias induced by activation of mediastinal nerves in canines.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Autonomic Nervous System; Body Surface Potential Mapping; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Female; Functional Laterality; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Hexamethonium; Male; Reaction Time; Tachycardia; Time Factors; Timolol; Vagotomy | 2005 |
Alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit is not required for parasympathetic control of the heart in the mouse.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Propranolol; Receptors, Nicotinic; Vagus Nerve | 2005 |
Peripheral mechanisms involved in gastric mucosal protection by intracerebroventricular and intraperitoneal nociceptin in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Bretylium Compounds; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Central Nervous System Depressants; Ethanol; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Miotics; Neurons, Afferent; Nitric Oxide; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy | 2005 |
Secretin activates vagal primary afferent neurons in the rat: evidence from electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electrophysiology; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nodose Ganglion; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Secretin; Serotonin; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 2005 |
The anti-inflammatory effect of peripheral bee venom stimulation is mediated by central muscarinic type 2 receptors and activation of sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Bee Venoms; Catecholamines; Cell Count; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Exudates and Transudates; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Leukocytes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oncogene Proteins v-fos; Oxidopamine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Spinal Cord; Sympathectomy, Chemical | 2005 |
Measurement of the propelled liquid by isolated hamster ileum as a parameter to evaluate peristalsis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cricetinae; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesocricetus; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Peristalsis; Pressure; Sodium Chloride; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Effect of toluene diisocyanate on homeostasis of intracellular-free calcium in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Topics: Atropine; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytosol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Egtazic Acid; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Hexamethonium; Homeostasis; Humans; Intracellular Fluid; Ionomycin; Methacholine Chloride; Neuroblastoma; Potassium; Pyridines; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Thapsigargin; Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate; Verapamil | 2006 |
Evidence for parasympathetic vasodilator fibres in the rat masseter muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Lidocaine; Lingual Nerve; Male; Masseter Muscle; Nerve Fibers; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Trigeminal Ganglion; Vasodilation | 2005 |
Possible neural mediation of the central effects of oxytocin on uterine motility.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Central Nervous System; Efferent Pathways; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Injections, Intraventricular; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Oxytocin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tocolytic Agents; Uterine Contraction; Vasotocin | 2005 |
C-type natriuretic peptide applied to the brain enhances exocrine pancreatic secretion through a vagal pathway.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Atropine; Brain; Cyclic GMP; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pancreas; Parasympatholytics; Peptide Fragments; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Secretin; Sincalide; Thionucleotides; Time Factors; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2005 |
Peripherally administered CRF stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptors and vagal pathways in conscious rats.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colon; Consciousness; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Electric Stimulation; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Stress, Physiological; Vagotomy, Truncal; Vagus Nerve | 2006 |
Propionate modulates spontaneous contractions via enteric nerves and prostaglandin release in the rat distal colon.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon, Descending; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Enteric Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Motility; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Ketanserin; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Piroxicam; Propionates; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Esophageal-gastric relaxation reflex in rat: dual control of peripheral nitrergic and cholinergic transmission.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Cholinergic Fibers; Deglutition; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagus; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastric Fundus; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitrergic Neurons; Parasympatholytics; Peripheral Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reflex; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 2006 |
Noradrenergic and cholinergic neural pathways mediate stress-induced reactivation of colitis in the rat.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Pathways; Bretylium Tosylate; CD3 Complex; Colitis; Colon; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Peroxidase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Stress, Psychological; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Vagus Nerve | 2006 |
Effect of acute inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by L-NAME on cardiovascular responses following peripheral autonomic blockade in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Propranolol; Rabbits; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Time Factors | 2006 |
Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Androstenedione; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Antagonists; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Gestational Age; Hexamethonium; Models, Animal; Muscarinic Antagonists; Ovary; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Signal Transduction | 2006 |
Effect of electroacupuncture at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities of denervated rats.
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Pathways; Cholinergic Fibers; Electroacupuncture; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Tract; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Denervation; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Random Allocation; Rats; Time Factors | 2006 |
In vitro pharmacological characterization of mitemcinal (GM-611), the first acid-resistant non-peptide motilin receptor agonist, in smooth muscle of rabbit small intestine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Calcium Chloride; Diltiazem; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythromycin; Hexamethonium; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Intestine, Small; Male; Molecular Structure; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rabbits; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Tetrodotoxin; Tropisetron; Verapamil | 2007 |
The non-neuronal cholinergic system in peripheral blood cells: effects of nicotinic and muscarinic receptor antagonists on phagocytosis, respiratory burst and migration.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Cell Movement; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Granulocytes; Hexamethonium; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Phagocytosis; Respiratory Burst; Tubocurarine | 2007 |
Nicotine potentiates the electrical field stimulation-evoked contraction of non-pregnant rabbit myometrium.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Cadmium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hexamethonium; Indomethacin; Isometric Contraction; Myometrium; Nicotine; Rabbits | 2007 |
Antinociceptive effects of the novel spirocyclopiperazinium salt compound LXM-10 in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Body Temperature; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Pain; Pain Measurement; Piperazines; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid; Yohimbine | 2007 |
Key role of mucosal primary afferents in mediating the inhibitory influence of capsaicin on vagally mediated contractions in the mouse esophagus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Neurons, Afferent; Nicotinic Antagonists; TRPV Cation Channels; Tubocurarine; Vagus Nerve | 2007 |
Neurally released pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide enhances guinea pig intrinsic cardiac neurone excitability.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Atria; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Peptide Fragments; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Neonatal maternal separation of rat pups results in abnormal cholinergic regulation of epithelial permeability.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Bethanechol; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Female; Hexamethonium; Horseradish Peroxidase; Intestinal Mucosa; Maternal Deprivation; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2007 |
Urocortin I is present in the enteric nervous system and exerts an excitatory effect via cholinergic and serotonergic pathways in the rat colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dioxanes; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Ondansetron; Peptide Fragments; Piperidines; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Rats; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Urocortins | 2007 |
Pharmacological analysis of components of the change in transmural potential difference evoked by distension of rat proximal small intestine in vivo.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Chlorides; Colon; Duodenum; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Blockers; Granisetron; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Secretions; Lidocaine; Male; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Piperidines; Pressure; Quinolines; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Cannabinoid CB(1) receptor activation modulates spontaneous contractile activity in mouse ileal longitudinal muscle.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Arachidonic Acids; Atropine; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endocannabinoids; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Piperidines; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Pyrazoles; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Rimonabant; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Changes in spontaneous contractions of rat ileum by aflatoxin in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aflatoxins; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Male; Morphine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Muscarinic receptors involved in airway vascular leakage induced by experimental gastro-oesophageal reflux.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capillary Permeability; Diamines; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M4; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Regional Blood Flow; Respiratory System | 2008 |
Spatial organization of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus synapsing with intragastric cholinergic and nitric oxide/VIP neurons in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Nerve Net; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2008 |
Sympathetic cholinergic nerve contributes to increased muscle blood flow at the onset of voluntary static exercise in conscious cats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brachial Artery; Cats; Cholinergic Fibers; Consciousness; Eating; Electric Stimulation; Grooming; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Movement; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Regional Blood Flow; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 2008 |
Alteration of cholinergic, purinergic and sensory neurotransmission in the mouse colon of food allergy model.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Chemokine CCL2; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Food Hypersensitivity; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Male; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nicotinic Antagonists; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Suramin; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Excitatory and inhibitory urinary bladder reflexes induced by stimulation of cervicovaginal capsaicin-sensitive sensory fibers in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Cervix Uteri; Female; Ganglionectomy; Guanethidine; Hexamethonium; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex; Sensory Receptor Cells; TRPV Cation Channels; Urinary Bladder; Urination; Vagina | 2009 |
Cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors regulate colonic propulsion by acting at motor neurons within the ascending motor pathways in mouse colon.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Atropine; Benzoxazines; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinergic Fibers; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morpholines; Motor Neurons; Naphthalenes; Peristalsis; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Reflex; Rimonabant; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Choline or CDP-choline alters serum lipid responses to endotoxin in dogs and rats: involvement of the peripheral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholesterol; Choline; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Dogs; Endotoxins; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Hexamethonium; Kidney; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Liver; Male; Nicotinic Antagonists; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Shock, Septic; Triglycerides | 2009 |
Nicotine-induced neurogenic relaxation in the mouse colon: changes with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Colon, Descending; Colon, Transverse; Dextran Sulfate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglionic Stimulants; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Male; Mice; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parasympathomimetics; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Circulating adrenaline released by sympathoadrenal activation elicits acute vasodilatation in the rat masseter muscle.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adrenergic Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Epinephrine; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Lingual Nerve; Male; Masseter Muscle; Neural Pathways; Phentolamine; Propanolamines; Propranolol; Rats; Regional Blood Flow; Splanchnic Nerves; Sympathectomy; Sympathomimetics; Vagotomy; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilator Agents | 2009 |
Difference between male and female rats in cholinergic activity of parasympathetic vasodilatation in the masseter muscle.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Carotid Artery, Common; Cholinergic Fibers; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Lingual Nerve; Lip; Male; Masseter Muscle; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neural Pathways; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex; Regional Blood Flow; Sex Factors; Sympathectomy; Trigeminal Ganglion; Vagotomy; Vasodilation | 2009 |
Galanin inhibits caerulein-stimulated pancreatic amylase secretion via cholinergic nerves and insulin.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Ceruletide; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Fibers; Diazoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Galanin; Glucose; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pancreas; Paracrine Communication; Receptor, Galanin, Type 2; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Alterations in cholinergic sensitivity of respiratory neurons induced by pre-natal nicotine: a mechanism for respiratory dysfunction in neonatal mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Brain Stem; Electrophysiology; Female; Hexamethonium; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mice; Neurons; Nicotine; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Receptors, Cholinergic; Respiratory Mechanics | 2009 |
Parasympathetic vasodilator fibers in rat digastric muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carotid Artery, External; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Male; Mandibular Nerve; Masticatory Muscles; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuronal Tract-Tracers; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Stilbamidines; Synaptic Transmission; Vasodilation | 2009 |
Cytisine induces autonomic cardiovascular responses via activations of different nicotinic receptors.
Topics: Aconitine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Alkaloids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Azocines; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prazosin; Quinolizines; Receptors, Nicotinic | 2010 |
Vagal visceral inputs to the nucleus of the solitary tract: involvement in a parasympathetic reflex vasodilator pathway in the rat masseter muscle.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Biophysics; Blood Pressure; Electric Stimulation; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Lip; Male; Masseter Muscle; Muscimol; Neural Pathways; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex; Solitary Nucleus; Vagus Nerve; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents | 2010 |
Intracolonic capsaicin stimulates colonic motility and defecation in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Colon; Consciousness; Defecation; Denervation; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Nicotinic Antagonists; Ondansetron; Serotonin Antagonists | 2010 |
Evidence for the pathophysiological relevance of TRPA1 receptors in the cardiovascular system in vivo.
Topics: Acrolein; Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Isothiocyanates; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microcirculation; Muscarinic Antagonists; Prazosin; Regional Blood Flow; Skin; Substance P; Time Factors; Transient Receptor Potential Channels; TRPA1 Cation Channel; Vasodilation | 2010 |
Responses induced by acetylcholine and ATP in the rabbit petrosal ganglion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Carotid Body; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons, Afferent; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rabbits | 2010 |
Characteristics of phase 3-like activity and rebound excitation triggered by hexamethonium and atropine administration in the ovine small bowel.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Electromyography; Fasting; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Intestine, Small; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Parasympatholytics; Sheep | 2010 |
Properties of acetylcholine-induced relaxation of smooth muscle isolated from the proximal colon of the guinea-pig.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mucous Membrane; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitroarginine; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Propionate-induced epithelial K(+) and Cl(-)/HCO3(-) secretion and free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2, GPR43) expression in the guinea pig distal colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Bumetanide; Capsaicin; Chlorides; Colon; Dioxanes; Enteroendocrine Cells; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Granisetron; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Piperidines; Potassium; Propionates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Serous Membrane; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Non-quantal release of acetylcholine in guinea-pig airways: role of choline transporter.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cation Transport Proteins; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hemicholinium 3; Hexamethonium; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Organophosphates; Paraoxon; Piperidines; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins | 2011 |
Role of tachykinin receptors in the modulation of colonic peristaltic activity in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Peristalsis; Protein Transport; Receptors, Tachykinin; Tachykinins; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Hypoxic alligator embryos: chronic hypoxia, catecholamine levels and autonomic responses of in ovo alligators.
Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Alligators and Crocodiles; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Catecholamines; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Norepinephrine; Oxygen; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic | 2011 |
[Heterogeneity of the rat respiratory way responses to serotonin].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Isometric Contraction; Ketanserin; Male; Methysergide; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tissue Culture Techniques; Trachea | 2011 |
Postnatal changes in vagal control of esophageal muscle contractions in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart; Hexamethonium; Mecamylamine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pregnancy; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tubocurarine; Vagus Nerve | 2012 |
Participation of cholinergic pathways in α-hederin-induced contraction of rat isolated stomach strips.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Araliaceae; Atropine; Cholinergic Agents; Hexamethonium; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotinic Antagonists; Oleanolic Acid; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reference Values; Saponins; Signal Transduction; Stomach | 2012 |
Analysis of erectile responses to BAY 41-8543 and muscarinic receptor stimulation in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cholinergic Agonists; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Injections; Male; Morpholines; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Parasympatholytics; Penile Erection; Penis; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2013 |
Atrial stretch delays gastric emptying of liquids in awake rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atrial Function, Right; Atropine; Balloon Occlusion; Blood Pressure; Capsaicin; Cardiac Catheterization; Catheterization; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Transit; Gastrostomy; Glyburide; Guanethidine; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hypovolemia; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Ondansetron; Rats | 2013 |
Purinoceptor-mediated, capsaicin-resistant excitatory effect of allyl isothiocyanate on neurons of the guinea-pig small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Cholinergic Agents; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Intestine, Small; Isothiocyanates; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Neurons; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Tetrodotoxin; Transient Receptor Potential Channels; TRPV Cation Channels | 2013 |
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of honey: the involvement of autonomic receptors.
Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Carrageenan; Cholinergic Antagonists; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Therapy, Combination; Edema; Formaldehyde; Hexamethonium; Honey; Hot Temperature; Indomethacin; Male; Pain Perception; Propranolol; Rats; Sulfonamides; Tamsulosin | 2014 |
Parasympathetic reflex vasodilation in the cerebral hemodynamics of rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Atropine; Carotid Artery, Internal; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Lingual Nerve; Male; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Reflex; Regional Blood Flow; Urethane; Vasodilation | 2014 |
[The role of the adreno-cholinergic interaction in the pulmonary hemodynamics changes following myocardial ischemia].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Coronary Vessels; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Lung; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Pulmonary Artery; Rabbits; Receptors, Cholinergic; Vascular Resistance | 2014 |
Intracolonic Administration of the TRPA1 Agonist Allyl Isothiocyanate Stimulates Colonic Motility and Defecation in Conscious Dogs.
Topics: Acetanilides; Anastomosis, Surgical; Animals; Atropine; Capsaicin; Colon; Defecation; Denervation; Dogs; Enteric Nervous System; Ganglionic Blockers; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Isothiocyanates; Muscarinic Antagonists; Ondansetron; Purines; Serotonin Antagonists; Transient Receptor Potential Channels | 2015 |
Impairment of skin barrier function via cholinergic signal transduction in a dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Atropine; Cell Count; Colitis; Colon; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hexamethonium; Interleukin-6; Male; Mast Cells; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrogen Dioxide; Organ Size; Receptors, Muscarinic; Signal Transduction; Skin Diseases; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Water Loss, Insensible; Weight Loss | 2015 |
Zebrafish heart as a model to study the integrative autonomic control of pacemaker function.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atrioventricular Node; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Bradycardia; Electrocardiography; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Isolated Heart Preparation; Isoproterenol; Models, Animal; Muscarine; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Sinoatrial Node; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympathomimetics; Tachycardia; Timolol; Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Zebrafish | 2016 |
Segmental differences in the non-neuronal cholinergic system in rat caecum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anions; Atropine; Carbachol; Cecum; Chlorides; Cholinergic Agonists; Colon; Conotoxins; Epithelium; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Female; Hexamethonium; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 2018 |
Effects of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide on Colonic Motility and Defecation in Conscious Dogs.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Anastomosis, Surgical; Animals; Atropine; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Colon; Defecation; Denervation; Dogs; Gastrointestinal Agents; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium; Models, Animal; Muscle Contraction | 2018 |
GABA
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Microinjections; Muscimol; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A | 2018 |
Effect of the parasympathetic vasodilation on temperature regulation via trigeminal afferents in the orofacial area.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Bronchodilator Agents; Electric Stimulation; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Lip; Male; Mouth; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Temperature; Trigeminal Ganglion; Vasodilation | 2020 |
Cholinergic-induced anion secretion in murine jejunal enteroids involves synergy between muscarinic and nicotinic pathways.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anions; Atropine; Cholinergic Agonists; Enterocytes; Hexamethonium; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Mice; Muscarinic Agonists; Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 2020 |
Cardiac nicotinic receptors show β-subunit-dependent compensatory changes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Heart; Hexamethonium; Isoproterenol; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardium; Neostigmine; Receptors, Nicotinic | 2021 |