atropine has been researched along with afdx 116 in 101 studies
| Studies (atropine) | Trials (atropine) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (atropine) | Studies (afdx 116) | Trials (afdx 116) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (afdx 116) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26,711 | 1,259 | 1,697 | 367 | 1 | 24 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | atropine (IC50) | afdx 116 (IC50) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 1.8 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 2.927 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 3.4558 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 2.927 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 2.927 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 2.5994 | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 6.2 |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 15 (14.85) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 71 (70.30) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 12 (11.88) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (2.97) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Kashihara, K; Roeske, WR; Varga, EV; Waite, SL; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Bonner, TI; Brann, MR; Buckley, CM; Buckley, NJ | 1 |
| Kovacs, I; Roeske, WR; Varga, EV; Waite, SL; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Kashima, K; Kataoka, K; Kato, M; Kuriyama, K; Ohkuma, S | 1 |
| Ishihara, H; Shimura, S | 1 |
| Bian, CF; Qin, W; Yu, AY; Zheng, JL | 1 |
| Aguilar, JS; Ballesta, JJ; Criado, M; Palmero, M; Reig, JA; Viniegra, S | 1 |
| Hendriks, MG; Pfaffendorf, M; Van Zwieten, PA | 2 |
| Badini, I; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Cintra, A; Fuxe, K; Siniscalchi, A | 1 |
| Bloom, JW; Halonen, M; Mahesh, VK; Nunan, LM; Palmer, JD; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Funakoshi, A; Jimi, A; Kono, A; Tateishi, K; Tsuru, M; Wakasugi, H | 1 |
| Bindslev, N; Winding, B | 1 |
| Matsumoto, K; Pappano, AJ | 1 |
| Donoff, B; Lad, R; Rangachari, PK | 1 |
| Jaiswal, N; Lambrecht, G; Malik, KU; Mutschler, E; Tacke, R | 1 |
| Nishimura, S; Sorimachi, M; Yamagami, K | 1 |
| Alonso, MJ; Arribas, S; Balfagón, G; Marín, J; Salaices, M | 1 |
| Aikawa, T; Itabashi, S; Ohrui, T; Sasaki, H; Sekizawa, K; Takishima, T | 1 |
| Igarashi, M; Komiya, Y; Saito, S | 1 |
| Akaike, N; Harata, N; Tateishi, N | 1 |
| Bian, CF; Hong, XM; Yin, XX; Zhou, J | 1 |
| Angelucci, L; Ghirardi, O; Imperato, A; Ramacci, MT; Scrocco, MG | 1 |
| Fujimoto, K; Hayakawa, T; Kashima, Y; Kawashima, K; Oohata, H; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Low, PA; Torres, NE; Zollman, PJ | 1 |
| Benedito, S; García-Sacristán, A; Hernández, M; Prieto, D; Rivera, L | 1 |
| Richards, MH | 1 |
| Lawrence, R; Oktay, A; Oktay, S; Onat, FY; Yegen, BC | 1 |
| Bernardini, MC; Blandizzi, C; Danesi, R; Del Tacca, M | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Tsukada, M | 1 |
| Kaneda, T; Kitamura, Y; Nomura, Y | 1 |
| Davidson, A; Matus-Leibovitch, N; Mengod, G; Oron, Y | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Furukawa, Y; Karasawa, Y; Murakami, M; Narita, M; Ren, LM; Takei, M | 1 |
| Fleming, N; Laniyonu, A; Sliwinski-Lis, E | 1 |
| Entzeroth, M; Mayer, N | 1 |
| Haga, T; Honda, N; Ichiyama, A; Kajimura, M; Kaneko, E | 1 |
| Jackson, KN; Kachur, JF; Lowe, VC; Noronha-Blob, L; Sturm, BL | 1 |
| De Boer, P; Horn, AS; Rollema, H; Westerink, BH; Zaagsma, J | 1 |
| Ackerman, MS; Korc, M; Roeske, WR | 1 |
| Goode, TL; Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Goritski, W; Mega, A; Nattie, EE; Wood, J | 1 |
| Connolly, GP; Newberry, NR | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Haruta, K; Homma, N; Horiuchi, A; Iwatsuki, K; Yonekura, H | 1 |
| Ghataorre, AS; Lambert, DG; Nahorski, SR | 1 |
| Palm, D; Pitschner, HF; Schlepper, M; Schulte, B; Wellstein, A | 1 |
| Giachetti, A; Micheletti, R; Montagna, E | 1 |
| Kunysz, EL; Michel, AD; Whiting, RL | 1 |
| Anderson, W; Dickinson, KE; Hirschowitz, BI; Matsumoto, H; Pruitt, RE; Uemura, N | 1 |
| Henquin, JC; Nenquin, M | 1 |
| Lui, GK; Mei, L; Roeske, WR; Serra, M; Watson, M; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Davidesko, D; Doods, HN; Rinner, I; van Charldorp, KJ; van Zwieten, PA | 1 |
| Chung, FZ; Lai, J; Mei, L; Roeske, WR; Venter, JC; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Bai, D; Sattelle, DB | 1 |
| Bellido, I; Fernández, JL; Gómez, A; Sánchez de la Cuesta, F | 1 |
| Bruning, TA; Chang, PC; Hendriks, MG; Pfaffendorf, M; van Zwieten, PA; Vermeij, P | 1 |
| Fukui, H; Inagaki, N; Kondou, H | 1 |
| Imaizumi, Y; Tanaka, M; Watanabe, M; Yamahara, NS | 1 |
| Robinson, NE; Wang, ZW; Yu, MF | 1 |
| Haass, M; Haunstetter, A; Krüger, C; Kübler, W; Yi, X | 1 |
| Gillman, TA; Mitchelson, F; Pennefather, JN | 1 |
| Neuzner, J; Palm, D; Pitschner, HF; Schlepper, M; Schulte, B; Wellstein, A | 1 |
| Furukawa, N; Okada, H; Qu, RY | 1 |
| Akaike, N; Furukawa, K; Nabekura, J | 1 |
| Anthony, TL; Kreulen, DL | 1 |
| Davenport, TA; Fukumoto, Y; Gousse, A; Kamai, T; Latifpour, J; Weiss, RM; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Classen, M; Kurjak, M; Schusdziarra, V | 1 |
| Baghdoyan, HA; Carlson, BX; Roth, MT | 1 |
| Bruning, TA; Chang, PC; Hendriks, MG; Kuypers, EA; van Zwieten, PA | 1 |
| Baratti, CM; Kopf, SR; Opezzo, JW | 1 |
| Chuang, DM; Fukamauchi, F; Hough, C; Saunders, PA | 1 |
| Cosentino, M; Crema, A; D'Angelo, L; de Ponti, F; Einaudi, A; Frigo, GM; Lecchini, S | 1 |
| Garssen, J; Gierveld, CM; Nijkamp, FP; Van der Vliet, H; Van Loveren, H | 1 |
| Bacáková, L; el-Fakahany, EE; Jakubík, J; Tucek, S | 1 |
| Garland, CJ; Hillier, K; Kerr, PM; Wallis, RM | 1 |
| Borda, E; Echagüe, AV; Genaro, A; Leiros, CP; Sterin-Borda, L | 1 |
| Nomura, Y; Ohnuki, T | 1 |
| Barahona, MV; Sánchez-Fortún, S; Sanz, F | 1 |
| Arana, R; Bacman, S; Borda, E; Camusso, JJ; Hubscher, O; Sterin-Borda, L | 1 |
| Akaike, A; Kaneko, S; Maeda, T; Satoh, M; Shimoshige, Y | 1 |
| Akaishi, Y; Hattori, Y; Kanno, M; Kitabatake, A; Sakuma, I | 1 |
| Hanai, H; Kajimura, M; Kaneko, E; Kodaira, M; Lin, S; Takeuchi, K | 1 |
| Matthews, MR; Zaidi, ZF | 1 |
| Komori, S; Nakayama, T; Ohashi, H; Unno, T | 1 |
| Bargas, J; Galarraga, E; Hernández-Echeagaray, E | 1 |
| Motomura, S; Sasaki, S | 1 |
| Fitzgerald, RS; Shirahata, M; Wang, HY | 1 |
| Fushimi, T; Masuda, T; Saitoh, H; Shimura, S; Shirato, K | 1 |
| Qian, JQ; Zhong, N | 1 |
| Kwon, SC | 1 |
| Christopoulos, A; Lanzafame, A; Mitchelson, F | 1 |
| De Iuri, L; Imbrogno, S; Mazza, R; Tota, B | 1 |
| Funakami, Y; Hata, T; Ishida, K; Itoh, E; Uchida, S | 1 |
| Gerthoffer, WT; Singer, CA; Vang, S | 1 |
| Cohen, ML; Stengel, PW | 1 |
| Kato, T; Ogasawara, M; Sato, K; Shimoda, N; Sugaya, K | 1 |
| Albuquerque, EX; Aracava, Y; Castro, NG; Fawcett, WP; Pereira, EF; Randall, WR; Santos, MD | 1 |
| Crittenden, EL; García, DM; González, A | 1 |
| McGowan, SE | 1 |
| Arrighi, N; Bodei, S; Cosciani Cunico, S; Michel, MC; Sigala, S; Simeone, C; Spano, P; Zani, D | 1 |
| Buyukafsar, K; Cevik, OS; Koyuncu, DD; Sahin, L | 1 |
| Geng, B; Li, M; Liu, L; Wang, Z | 1 |
2 review(s) available for atropine and afdx 116
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacology and second messenger interactions of cloned muscarinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Line; Humans; Oxotremorine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Recombinant Proteins; Second Messenger Systems; Transfection | 1991 |
[Subtypes of muscarinic receptors--aspects of their physiologic significance for controlling heart rate in the human].
Topics: Atropine; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart Rate; Humans; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1994 |
1 trial(s) available for atropine and afdx 116
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
In vivo characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes that mediate vasodilatation in patients with essential hypertension.
Topics: Atropine; Forearm; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Middle Aged; Nitroprusside; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Plethysmography; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasodilation | 1995 |
98 other study(ies) available for atropine and afdx 116
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Cloning of the rat M3, M4 and M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the pharmacological characterization of the expressed genes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Carbachol; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Cyclic AMP; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression; Inositol Phosphates; Molecular Sequence Data; Parasympatholytics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Transfection | 1992 |
Antagonist binding properties of five cloned muscarinic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Cricetinae; Humans; Kinetics; N-Methylscopolamine; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine Derivatives | 1989 |
Pharmacological comparison of the cloned human and rat M2 muscarinic receptor genes expressed in the murine fibroblast (B82) cell line.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Carbachol; Cloning, Molecular; Cyclic AMP; Humans; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Phosphatidylinositols; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Signal Transduction; Species Specificity | 1998 |
Characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes on rat pancreatic acini: pharmacological identification by secretory responses and binding studies.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Pancreas; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sincalide | 1992 |
[The role of muscarinic receptor subtypes in feline tracheal submucosal gland secretion].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cats; Electrolytes; Glycoproteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mucous Membrane; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Second Messenger Systems; Trachea | 1992 |
[Muscarinic receptor subtypes in respiratory center and their functions].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Gas Analysis; Female; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Pilocarpine; Pirenzepine; Pons; Rabbits; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Respiration; Respiratory Center; Scopolamine; Tidal Volume | 1992 |
Muscarinic receptor subtypes in bovine adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Dicyclomine; Muscarine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1992 |
Characterization of the muscarinic receptor subtype mediating vasodilation in the rat perfused mesenteric vascular bed preparation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Mesenteric Veins; Methacholine Chloride; Parasympatholytics; Perfusion; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasodilation | 1992 |
Muscarinic modulation of acetylcholine release from slices of guinea pig nucleus basalis magnocellularis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Choline; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Substantia Innominata; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
A minority of muscarinic receptors mediate rabbit tracheal smooth muscle contraction.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Female; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myocardium; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rabbits; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Muscarinic; Trachea | 1992 |
Acetylcholine regulates pancreastatin secretion from the human pancreastatin-producing cell line (QGP-1N).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenoma, Islet Cell; Atropine; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbachol; Chromogranin A; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Humans; Pancreatic Hormones; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Parasympatholytics; Peptides; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sincalide; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1991 |
Characterization of a muscarinic receptor controlling Cl- secretion in hen trachea.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Bumetanide; Calcium Channels; Chickens; Chlorides; Dicyclomine; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Mucous Membrane; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Trachea | 1990 |
Carbachol activates a novel sodium current in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes via M2 muscarinic receptors.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Electric Conductivity; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guinea Pigs; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Pertussis Toxin; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sodium; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
Functional subtyping of muscarinic receptors on canine esophageal mucosa.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Amiloride; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Chlorides; Dogs; Electric Conductivity; Esophagus; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mucous Membrane; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sodium | 1991 |
Pharmacological characterization of the vascular muscarinic receptors mediating relaxation and contraction in rabbit aorta.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta, Abdominal; Arecoline; Atropine; Diamines; Endothelium, Vascular; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indomethacin; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rabbits; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Internal Ca2+ mobilization by muscarinic stimulation increases secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells only in the presence of Ca2+ influx.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Catecholamines; Cats; Cattle; Cytosol; Gallopamil; Kinetics; Methacholine Chloride; Muscarine; Nicotine; Parasympatholytics; Pilocarpine; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Presynaptic M2-muscarinic receptors on noradrenergic nerve endings and endothelium-derived M3 receptors in cat cerebral arteries.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Norepinephrine; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasodilation | 1991 |
Pre- and postjunctional muscarinic receptor subtypes in dog airways.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are expressed and enriched in growth cone membranes isolated from fetal and neonatal rat forebrain: pharmacological demonstration and characterization.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Axons; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Pirenzepine; Prosencephalon; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Acetylcholine receptors in dissociated nucleus basalis of Meynert neurons of the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nicotine; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Substantia Innominata | 1991 |
Effects of anticholinergic drugs on rabbit efferent phrenic discharges.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Electrophysiology; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Phrenic Nerve; Pirenzepine; Rabbits; Respiratory Center; Scopolamine; Vagotomy | 1991 |
In vivo probing of the brain cholinergic system in the aged rat. Effects of long-term treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine.
Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Acetylcholine; Aging; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Hippocampus; Male; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values | 1991 |
Determination of acetylcholine release in the striatum of anesthetized rats using in vivo microdialysis and a radioimmunoassay.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Administration, Topical; Animals; Atropine; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Male; Muscarine; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Pirenzepine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Characterization of muscarinic receptor subtype of rat eccrine sweat gland by autoradiography.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Eccrine Glands; Kinetics; Male; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tritium | 1991 |
Distribution and function of cholinergic receptors in the sheep detrusor muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sheep; Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide; Urinary Bladder | 1991 |
Mad honey poisoning in man and rat.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Atropine; Bradycardia; Diterpenes; Female; Honey; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Middle Aged; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Rats; Respiration; Turkey | 1991 |
Differential affinities of AF-DX 116, atropine and pirenzepine for muscarinic receptors of guinea pig gastric fundus, atria and urinary bladder: might atropine distinguish among muscarinic receptor subtypes?
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Gastric Fundus; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Kinetics; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardium; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Urinary Bladder | 1990 |
Predominant acetylcholine-induced vasoconstriction in isolated, perfused simian facial veins.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Diltiazem; Face; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Macaca; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Potassium Chloride; Quinazolines; Receptors, Muscarinic; Saponins; Vasoconstriction; Veins | 1990 |
Effects of nebracetam (WEB 1881 FU), a novel nootropic, as a M1-muscarinic agonist.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Humans; Parasympathomimetics; Pirenzepine; Psychotropic Drugs; Pyrrolidinones; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xenopus | 1991 |
Native Xenopus oocytes express two types of muscarinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Elapid Venoms; Female; Oligonucleotide Probes; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Oocytes; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Xenopus laevis | 1991 |
Functional participation in M1 receptor subtype on chronotropic and dromotropic responses to vagus stimulation in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Heart; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Muscarinic M3 receptors are coupled to two signal transduction pathways in rat submandibular cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cyclic AMP; Parasympatholytics; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; Phosphatidylinositols; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Signal Transduction; Submandibular Gland | 1990 |
Labeling of rat heart muscarinic receptors using the new M2 selective antagonist [3H]AF-DX 384.
Topics: Affinity Labels; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardium; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1990 |
Carbachol-induced potentiation and inhibition of acid secretion by guinea pig gastric gland.
Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Carbachol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; N-Methylscopolamine; Parasympathomimetics; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine Derivatives | 1990 |
In vitro and in vivo antimuscarinic effects of (-)cis 2,3-dihydro-3-(4-methylpiperazinylmethyl)-2-phenyl-1,5 benzothiazepin-4-(5H)one HCl (BTM-1086) in guinea pig peripheral tissues.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiazepines; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Urinary Bladder; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
An M3-like muscarinic autoreceptor regulates the in vivo release of acetylcholine in rat striatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Neostigmine; Oxotremorine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Time Factors | 1990 |
A cholinergic antagonist identifies a subclass of muscarinic receptors in isolated rat pancreatic acini.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Kinetics; Male; Myocardium; N-Methylscopolamine; Pancreas; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine Derivatives | 1987 |
Evidence that reciprocal hindlimb scratching elicited in mice by intrathecal administration of muscarinic agonists is mediated through M1 type receptors.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Atropine; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Parasympathomimetics; Pilocarpine; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Spinal Cord; Stereotyped Behavior | 1987 |
Rostral ventrolateral medulla muscarinic receptor involvement in central ventilatory chemosensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Carbachol; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Female; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Phrenic Nerve; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Reference Values; Respiration; Vagotomy | 1989 |
Muscarinic pharmacology of the spinal cord of the neonatal rat in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarine; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Subtypes of muscarinic receptors in pancreatic exocrine secretion in anesthetized dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol Compounds; Dogs; Female; Kinetics; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Parasympathomimetics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Reference Values | 1989 |
Muscarinic receptor binding characteristics of a human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH and its clones SH-SY5Y and SH-EP1.
Topics: Arecoline; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Membrane; Humans; Neuroblastoma; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1989 |
AF-DX 116 discriminates heart from gland M2-cholinoceptors in man.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Heart Rate; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Myocardium; N-Methylscopolamine; Organ Specificity; Pirenzepine; Propranolol; Receptors, Cholinergic; Reference Values; Saliva; Salivary Glands; Scopolamine Derivatives; Swine | 1989 |
AF-DX 116, a cardioselective muscarinic antagonist.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Carbachol; Cats; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gastric Acid; Gastric Emptying; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Rate; Male; Muscarine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myocardial Contraction; Pirenzepine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1987 |
Functional and direct binding studies using subtype selective muscarinic receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Dicyclomine; Diphenylacetic Acids; Gallamine Triethiodide; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Myocardium; Phenethylamines; Phenylacetates; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1988 |
Muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtype on frog esophageal peptic cells: binding and secretion studies.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Bethanechol; Bethanechol Compounds; Carbachol; Esophagus; Imipramine; Kinetics; N-Methylscopolamine; Oxotremorine; Pepsinogens; Pirenzepine; Propranolol; Radioligand Assay; Rana catesbeiana; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine Derivatives | 1988 |
The muscarinic receptor subtype in mouse pancreatic B-cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Female; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Mice; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Rubidium Radioisotopes | 1988 |
The intact human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y) exhibits high-affinity [3H]pirenzepine binding associated with hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositols.
Topics: Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Humans; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Neuroblastoma; Phosphatidylinositols; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1988 |
Binding of muscarine receptor antagonists to pig coronary smooth muscle.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Coronary Vessels; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Piperazines; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Swine; Tritium | 1988 |
The cloned murine M1 muscarinic receptor is associated with the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositols in transfected murine B82 cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Carbachol; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; DNA, Recombinant; Fibroblasts; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Hydrolysis; Mice; Muscarine; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phosphatidylinositols; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Transfection | 1988 |
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on an identified motor neurone in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Ganglia, Invertebrate; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Oxotremorine; Periplaneta; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine; Vertebrates | 1994 |
Otenzepad shows two populations of binding sites in human gastric smooth muscle.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Ligands; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1995 |
Formation of inositol phosphates mediated by M3 muscarinic receptors in type-1 and type-2 astrocytes from neonatal rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Atropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Inositol Phosphates; Muscarinic Antagonists; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Signal Transduction; Tubocurarine | 1994 |
Pertussis toxin-sensitive muscarinic relaxation in the rat iris dilator muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alkaloids; Animals; Atropine; Diamines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Furans; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Iris; Male; Microinjections; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Naphthalenes; Parasympatholytics; Pertussis Toxin; Phentolamine; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1995 |
Prejunctional muscarinic autoreceptors on horse airway cholinergic nerves.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Fibers; Electric Stimulation; Horses; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Trachea | 1995 |
Muscarinic inhibition of cardiac norepinephrine and neuropeptide Y release during ischemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Myocardium; Neuropeptide Y; Norepinephrine; Oxotremorine; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1994 |
Muscarinic receptors in rat uterus.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Computer Simulation; Female; Furans; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Muscarinic Antagonists; Naphthalenes; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Uterus | 1994 |
Muscarinic receptors in vagal routes to the biliary system in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Biliary Tract; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Gallbladder; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sphincter of Oddi; Vagus Nerve | 1994 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine responses in differentiated PC12 cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Differentiation; Cell Membrane Permeability; Egtazic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Nerve Growth Factors; Nicotine; Nystatin; Parasympatholytics; PC12 Cells; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tubocurarine | 1994 |
A physiologically-evoked M1-muscarinic depolarization in guinea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Colon; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stress, Mechanical | 1994 |
Diabetes-induced alterations in the properties of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in rat vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diamines; Insulin; Male; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Up-Regulation; Vas Deferens | 1994 |
Release of bombesin-like immunoreactivity from synaptosomal membranes isolated from the rat ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bombesin; Calcium; Carbachol; Cell Fractionation; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Ileum; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Pirenzepine; Potassium Chloride; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes | 1994 |
Characterization of the muscarinic receptors in the mesenteric vascular bed of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepinones; Endothelium, Vascular; Hypertension; Male; Mesenteric Artery, Superior; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasodilation | 1993 |
Pharmacological characterization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in cat pons and cortex. Preliminary study.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Binding, Competitive; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Pons; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1994 |
In vivo characterization of vasodilating muscarinic-receptor subtypes in humans.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adult; Atropine; Clinical Protocols; Forearm; Humans; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Vasodilation | 1994 |
Facilitation of memory storage by the acetylcholine M2 muscarinic receptor antagonist AF-DX 116.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Drug Synergism; Male; Memory; Mice; Neostigmine; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1993 |
Agonist-induced down-regulation and antagonist-induced up-regulation of m2- and m3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA and protein in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Down-Regulation; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
Differential effects of antimuscarinic agents on intestinal motility in the conscious dog.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dogs; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Heart Rate; Male; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Pupil; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1993 |
Functional characterization of muscarinic receptors in murine airways.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Airway Resistance; Animals; Atropine; Bronchi; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Lung Compliance; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Trachea | 1993 |
Constitutive activity of the M1-M4 subtypes of muscarinic receptors in transfected CHO cells and of muscarinic receptors in the heart cells revealed by negative antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Humans; Inositol Phosphates; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardium; N-Methylscopolamine; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine Derivatives; Transfection; Tritium | 1995 |
Characterization of muscarinic receptors mediating contractions of circular and longitudinal muscle of human isolated colon.
Topics: Alkaloids; Atropine; Carbachol; Carcinoma; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Furans; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naphthalenes; Piperidines; Pirenzepine | 1995 |
Endogenous nitric oxide signalling system and the cardiac muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-inotropic response.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Binding Sites; Carbachol; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Atria; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parasympatholytics; Phosphatidylinositols; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Signal Transduction; Type C Phospholipases | 1995 |
Effects of selective muscarinic antagonists, pirenzepine and AF-DX 116, on passive avoidance tasks in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Avoidance Learning; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1996 |
Acute toxicity of several organophosphorous insecticides and protection by cholinergic antagonists and 2-PAM on Artemia salina larvae.
Topics: Animals; Artemia; Atropine; Chlorpyrifos; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cysts; Hexamethonium; Insecticides; Larva; Methyl Parathion; Parasympatholytics; Parathion; Pirenzepine; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Species Specificity; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1996 |
Circulating antibodies against rat parotid gland M3 muscarinic receptors in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adult; Animals; Antibodies, Blocking; Atropine; Carbachol; Carbamates; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoproterenol; Muscarinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Parotid Gland; Phenylcarbamates; Phosphatidylinositols; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Protease Inhibitors; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sjogren's Syndrome | 1996 |
Involvement of M2 receptor in an enhancement of long-term potentiation by carbachol in Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses of hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synapses | 1997 |
Agonist-independent tonic inhibitory influence of Gi on adenylate cyclase activity in rabbit ventricular myocardium and its removal by pertussis toxin: a role of empty receptor-mediated Gi activation.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Heart Ventricles; Isoproterenol; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pertussis Toxin; Pirenzepine; Propanolamines; Rabbits; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Receptors, Muscarinic; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1997 |
Expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes in rat gastric smooth muscle: effect of M3 selective antagonist on gastric motility and emptying.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Dioxoles; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glucagon; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stomach | 1997 |
Exocytotic release from neuronal cell bodies, dendrites and nerve terminals in sympathetic ganglia of the rat, and its differential regulation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Membrane; Dendrites; Exocytosis; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Nicotine; Oxotremorine; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Regression Analysis; Synapses | 1997 |
M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors couple, respectively, with activation of nonselective cationic channels and potassium channels in intestinal smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscle, Smooth; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Potassium Channels; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1998 |
3-Alpha-chloro-imperialine, a potent blocker of cholinergic presynaptic modulation of glutamatergic afferents in the rat neostriatum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Carbachol; Cevanes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Gallamine Triethiodide; Muscarine; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neostriatum; Neurons; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synapses | 1998 |
Comparison of anti-M2-muscarinic effect of AF-DX 116 on atrioventricular nodal conduction with those of pirenzepine and atropine as antibradyarrhythmic drugs.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrioventricular Node; Atropine; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Dogs; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Parasympatholytics; Perfusion; Pirenzepine | 1999 |
Acetylcholine is released from in vitro cat carotid bodies during hypoxic stimulation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carotid Body; Cats; Gallamine Triethiodide; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Mecamylamine; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2000 |
Secretion and gene expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor by human airway submucosal glands.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atropine; Bronchi; Dexamethasone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocrine Glands; Female; Gene Expression; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Leukocyte Elastase; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory; Proteins; Respiratory Mucosa; RNA, Messenger; Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor; Trachea | 2001 |
Modulation by muscarinic receptor antagonists on negative chronotropic effects of tetrandrine.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alkaloids; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Benzylisoquinolines; Calcium Channels; Depression, Chemical; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardial Contraction; Pirenzepine; Rabbits; Rats; Sinoatrial Node | 1999 |
Mechanisms of acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in high K+-stimulated rabbit renal arteries.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cations, Monovalent; Endothelium, Vascular; Gadolinium; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Lanthanum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Rabbits; Renal Artery; Tropicamide; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 2001 |
The allosteric interaction of otenzepad (AF-DX 116) at muscarinic M2 receptors in guinea pig atria.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cardiotonic Agents; Dexetimide; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gallamine Triethiodide; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; N-Methylscopolamine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Parasympatholytics; Phthalimides; Pirenzepine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Radioligand Assay; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2001 |
Nitric oxide modulates cardiac performance in the heart of Anguilla anguilla.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Acetylcholine; Anguilla; Animals; Arginine; Atropine; Detergents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Heart; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molsidomine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocardial Contraction; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Octoxynol; omega-N-Methylarginine; Ornithine; Oxadiazoles; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Quinoxalines; Superoxide Dismutase | 2001 |
Blood pressure and heart rate are increased by AF-DX 116, a selective M2 antagonist, in autonomic imbalanced and hypotensive rats caused by repeated cold stress.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cold Temperature; Heart Rate; Hypotension; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stress, Physiological | 2001 |
Coupling of M(2) muscarinic receptors to Src activation in cultured canine colonic smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cells, Cultured; Colon; Dogs; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genistein; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympatholytics; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Receptors, Muscarinic; src-Family Kinases; Teprotide | 2002 |
Muscarinic receptor knockout mice: role of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M(2), M(3), and M(4) in carbamylcholine-induced gallbladder contractility.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Carbachol; Cardiovascular Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Gallbladder; Indomethacin; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Contraction; Neostigmine; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Receptor, Muscarinic M4; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2002 |
[The effects of the antagonists of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in rat brain on urinary bladder contraction].
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Female; Muscarine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 2002 |
Low concentrations of pyridostigmine prevent soman-induced inhibition of GABAergic transmission in the central nervous system: involvement of muscarinic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Central Nervous System; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Pyramidal Cells; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Soman; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors elicits pigment granule dispersion in retinal pigment epithelium isolated from bluegill.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Carbachol; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Cytoplasmic Granules; Light; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Perciformes; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptor, Muscarinic M4; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retinal Pigments; Second Messenger Systems; Tropicamide | 2004 |
Vitamin A deficiency increases airway resistance following C-fiber stimulation.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atropine; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Female; Lung; Lung Compliance; Lung Volume Measurements; Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated; Pirenzepine; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfur Dioxide; Vitamin A Deficiency | 2007 |
Different muscarinic receptor subtypes modulate proliferation of primary human detrusor smooth muscle cells via Akt/PI3K and map kinases.
Topics: Aged; Atropine; Benzofurans; Carbachol; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Agonists; Gene Expression; Humans; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Piperidines; Pirenzepine; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Muscarinic; RNA, Messenger; Urinary Bladder | 2013 |
Role of rho-kinase (ROCK) in tonic but not phasic contraction in the frog stomach smooth muscle.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Gastric Mucosa; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Organ Culture Techniques; Pirenzepine; Pyridines; Ranidae; rho-Associated Kinases | 2018 |
Muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor subtypes play opposite roles in LPS-induced septic shock.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cytokines; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver; Lung; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neutrophil Infiltration; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Shock, Septic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2019 |