ascorbic-acid and benzylaminopurine

Influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated osmotic stress on reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging machinery of Chinese potato (Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir.) J. K. Morton) was investigated. Five genotypes of Chinese potato were raised in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP, 1 mg L

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbate Peroxidases; Ascorbic Acid; Benzyl Compounds; Catalase; Chlorophyll; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Malondialdehyde; Osmosis; Osmotic Pressure; Oxidative Stress; Plant Leaves; Polyethylene Glycols; Purines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Solanum tuberosum; Superoxide Dismutase

The protective effect of a cytokinin benzyladenine (BA), against toxicity of paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and a well-known oxidative stress inducer, was investigated in the leaves of maize. Maize leaves have been pretreated with BA at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 microM and afterwards treated with PQ. At all concentrations tested, BA retarded PQ-induced decreases in chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents. Pretreatment with 10 and 100 microM of BA significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after 8 h of PQ treatment but there was no significant change in SOD activity in the leaves pretreated with BA at 12 and 24 h. However, peroxidase activity significantly increased in 100 microM of BA pretreated leaves. Results indicate that pretreatment with BA reduce PQ toxicity and BA-treated plants might become more tolerant against oxidative stress.

Topics: Adenine; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Benzyl Compounds; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Herbicides; Kinetin; Oxidative Stress; Paraquat; Photosynthesis; Plant Growth Regulators; Plant Leaves; Purines; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Zea mays

A method to produce encapsulatable units for synthetic seeds was developed in L. indica. Somatic embryos were harvested from leaf derived embryogenic callus on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/l), 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP, 1 mg/l) and ascorbic acid (AA, 50 mg/l). The embryos were encapsulated in alginate beads and dehydrated. Germination ability of the artificial seeds were investigated. The frequency of regeneration from the encapsulated embryos was significantly affected by (i) the concentration of alginate (ii) the duration of storage, and (iii) the effect of different types of media. A 2% sodium alginate concentration on MS salts resulted in significantly higher germination frequencies than at other concentrations. L. indica showed maximum germination on MS medium (93.84%) after 6 weeks of culture. The germinated synthetic seeds with well developed roots and shoots were transferred successfully to green house. This is the first report on artificial seeds in Lagerstroemnia indica.

Topics: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; Adenine; Alginates; Ascorbic Acid; Benzyl Compounds; Calcium Chloride; Culture Media; Culture Techniques; Germination; Glucuronic Acid; Hexuronic Acids; Kinetin; Lagerstroemia; Plant Bark; Plant Growth Regulators; Plant Leaves; Purines; Seeds; Time Factors

In order to know more about the relationships between photosynthesis photoinhibition and reactive oxygen species metabolism, the effects of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and ascorbate (AsA) on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), apparent quantum yield (AQY), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, O2-* generation rate, and H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were studied with attached leaves of poplar clone seedlings under osmotic stress of root. Under osmotic stress, the photosynthesis photoinhibition of attached poplar leaves, judged by the significant decrease of Pn and AQY, was aggravated, and the balance of reactive oxygen species metabolism was destroyed. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased, but ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity decreased. In the meantime, the O2-* generation rate and the contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased. When osmotic stressed poplar seedlings were pretreated with 6-BA and AsA, the activities of SOD and APX increased, O2-* generation rate and H2O2 and MDA contents decreased, and photosynthesis photoinhibition was alleviated. The contents of reactive oxygen species and MDA in poplar leaves were negatively correlated with net photosynthetic rate and apparent quantum yield. It's indicated that the photosynthesis photoinhibition of attached leaves of poplar clone seedlings had intrinsic relations with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species under osmotic stress of root, and the alleviation effects of 6-BA and AsA on photosynthesis photoinhibition were related to their promotion effects to the scavenging system of reactive oxygen species.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Benzyl Compounds; Kinetin; Photosynthesis; Populus; Purines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seedlings