angiogenin and neamine

Neamine, a non-toxic derivative of neomycin, has recently been shown to have antitumor activities in various types of cancers. However, its effect on pancreatic cancer is still unknown. The study aimed to investigate its antitumor activity on pancreatic cancer and the underlying mechanisms. MTT assay was used to observe the effect of neamine on angiogenin (ANG)-induced AsPC-1 cell proliferation. Tissue microassay and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of ANG and its nuclear translocation, respectively. Tumor xenografts were established by subcutaneous inoculation of AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells into the right flanks of nude mice, and neamine was injected subcutaneously. Immunohistochemistry was done to observe the expression of ANG, CD31 and Ki-67 in tumor xenografts. It was found that neamine blocked the nuclear translocation of ANG effectively and inhibited ANG-induced AsPC-1 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Neamine had anti-tumor effects on AsPC-1 xenograft models. Consistently, neamine reduced the expression levels of ANG, Ki-67 and CD31 in tumor xenografts. It was concluded that neamine may be a promising agent for treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Carcinoma; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Framycetin; Humans; Ki-67 Antigen; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic

To study the pharmacokinetics of neamine in rats and to evaluate its anti-cervical cancer activity.. The plasma level of neamine was determined by HPLC-ELSD. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 2.0 software. Tissue microarray analysis was conducted to examine angiogenin (ANG) expression in normal and cancerous cervical tissues and to determine its correlation with clinical and pathologic presentations of cervical cancers. The anti-cervical cancer activity of neamine was assessed both in vitro and in vivo.. After intravenous (i.v.) administration of 15, 30, and 60 mg kg(-1) neamine, the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC(0-t), 9,398.0 ± 653.4, 19,235.2 ± 2,939.0, and 35,437.7 ± 3,772.2 mg L(-1) min; C max, 170.8 ± 13.1, 353.3 ± 15.8, and 464.0 ± 33.1 mg L(-1); T 1/2, 34.9 ± 4.1, 46.8 ± 5.1, and 58.0 ± 12.5 min, respectively. The bioavailability of neamine administered through intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intragastric route was 14.0 ± 3.0, 8.4 ± 0.6, 6.5 ± 3.3, and 3.1 ± 0.2 %, respectively. Up-regulated ANG expression and increased nuclear translocation were observed in cervical cancers as compared to normal cervical tissues. Moreover, upregulation of ANG was positively correlated with primary tumor invasion. Neamine inhibited ANG-induced HUVEC and HeLa cell proliferation as well as nuclear translocation of ANG. Consistently, neamine inhibited both the establishment and progression of xenograft human cervical cancers in athymic mice.. The bioavailability of neamine administered through extravascular routes was low. The half-life of neamine through i.v. administration was short. This suggests that a higher dosing frequency in order to maintain a therapeutic effect. Neamine holds potential against cervical cancer. The mechanisms of neamine inhibition are through blocking nuclear translocation of ANG thereby inhibiting both angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation.

Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Area Under Curve; Biological Availability; Cell Proliferation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Framycetin; Half-Life; HeLa Cells; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Tissue Array Analysis; Up-Regulation; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Angiogenin undergoes nuclear translocation and stimulates ribosomal RNA transcription in both endothelial and cancer cells. Consequently, angiogenin has a dual effect on cancer progression by inducing both angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to assess whether neamine, a blocker of nuclear translocation of angiogenin, possesses antitumor activity toward oral cancer.. The antitumor effect of neamine on oral cancer cells was examined both in vitro and in vivo.. Neamine inhibited the proliferation of HSC-2, but not that of SAS oral cancer cells in vitro. Treatment with neamine effectively inhibited growth of HSC-2 and SAS cell xenografts in athymic mice. Neamine treatment resulted in a significant decrease in tumor angiogenesis, accompanied by a decrease in angiogenin- and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cancer cells, especially of HSC-2 tumors.. Neamine effectively inhibits oral cancer progression through inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Neamine also directly inhibits proliferation of certain types of oral cancer cells. Therefore, neamine has potential as a lead compound for oral cancer therapy.

Topics: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Disease Progression; Framycetin; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mouth Neoplasms; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Protein Transport; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Angiogenin (ANG) is a 14-kDa multifunctional proangiogenic secreted protein whose expression level correlates with the aggressiveness of several tumors. We observed increased ANG expression and secretion in endothelial cells during de novo infection with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), in cells expressing only latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA-1) protein, and in KSHV latently infected primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) BCBL-1 and BC-3 cells. Inhibition of phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) mediated ANG's nuclear translocation by neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic (not G418-neomicin), resulted in reduced KSHV latent gene expression, increased lytic gene expression, and increased cell death of KSHV(+) PEL and endothelial cells. ANG detection in significant levels in KS and PEL lesions highlights its importance in KSHV pathogenesis. To assess the in vivo antitumor activity of neomycin and neamine (a nontoxic derivative of neomycin), BCBL-1 cells were injected intraperitoneally into NOD/SCID mice. We observed significant extended survival of mice treated with neomycin or neamine. Markers of lymphoma establishment, such as increases in animal body weight, spleen size, tumor cell spleen infiltration, and ascites volume, were observed in nontreated animals and were significantly diminished by neomycin or neamine treatments. A significant decrease in LANA-1 expression, an increase in lytic gene expression, and an increase in cleaved caspase-3 were also observed in neomycin- or neamine-treated animal ascitic cells. These studies demonstrated that ANG played an essential role in KSHV latency maintenance and BCBL-1 cell survival in vivo, and targeting ANG function by neomycin/neamine to induce the apoptosis of cells latently infected with KSHV is an attractive therapeutic strategy against KSHV-associated malignancies.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Ascites; Body Weight; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Framycetin; Herpesvirus 8, Human; Lymphoma, Primary Effusion; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neomycin; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Spleen; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome

Angiogenin (ANG) undergoes nuclear translocation and stimulates rRNA transcription in both prostate cancer cells and endothelial cells. The purpose of this study is to assess the antitumor activity of neamine, a nontoxic degradation product of neomycin that blocks nuclear translocation of ANG.. The anti-prostate cancer activity of neamine was first evaluated in a xenograft animal model. It was then examined in the murine prostate-restricted AKT transgenic mice that develop prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) owing to AKT transgene overexpression.. Neamine inhibits xenograft growth of PC-3 human prostate cancer cells in athymic mice. It blocks nuclear translocation of ANG and inhibits rRNA transcription, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. Neamine also prevents AKT-induced PIN formation as well as reverses fully developed PIN in murine prostate-restricted AKT mice, accompanied by a decrease in rRNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis and an increase in prostate epithelial cell apoptosis.. We confirmed that ANG is a molecular target for cancer drug development and that blocking nuclear translocation of ANG is an effective means to inhibit its activity. Our results also suggested that neamine is a lead compound for further preclinical evaluation.

Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Framycetin; Humans; Male; Mice; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; RNA, Ribosomal; Transcription, Genetic; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

We have previously shown that the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin blocks the nuclear translocation of angiogenin and inhibits its angiogenic activity. However, neomycin has not been considered as a favorable drug candidate for clinical development because of its known nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The aim of this study is to determine whether neamine, a nontoxic derivative of neomycin, possesses antitumor activity.. The effect of neamine on the nuclear translocation of angiogenin was examined by means of immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The antitumor activity of neamine was determined with three different animal models.. Neamine effectively blocked the nuclear translocation of angiogenin in endothelial cells and inhibited angiogenin-induced cell proliferation. It inhibited the establishment of human tumor xenografts in athymic mice in both ectopic and orthotopic tumor models. It also inhibited the progression of established human tumor transplants, whereas the structurally related antibiotic paromomycin had no effect. Immunohistochemical staining showed that both angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation are inhibited by neamine.. These results suggest that the nontoxic aminoglycoside antibiotic neamine is an effective inhibitor of nuclear translocation of angiogenin and may serve as an inhibitor for angiogenin-induced angiogenesis and cancer progression.

Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Aminoglycosides; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Nucleus; Cell Proliferation; Endothelial Cells; Framycetin; Humans; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasms; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; Umbilical Veins; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays