amoxicillin-potassium-clavulanate-combination and trovafloxacin

Treatments with once-daily trovafloxacin (200 or 100 mg) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (500/125 mg three times daily) were compared in adults with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive bronchitis. At end of treatment, 95% (113/119) of clinically evaluable patients receiving trovafloxacin 200 mg, 98% (113/115) of patients treated with trovafloxacin 100 mg and 97% (113/117) of patients receiving amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were cured or improved. At study end, 91%, 87% and 88%, respectively, were cured or improved. At end of treatment, trovafloxacin 200 mg eradicated Haemophilus influenzae in 97% of patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 90% and Chlamydia pneumoniae in 100%. The respective eradication rates for trovafloxacin 100 mg were 84%, 100% and 100%; those for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 92%, 100% and 100%. At study end, trovafloxacin 200 mg totally eradicated all three pathogens. Trovafloxacin 100 mg eradicated Haemophilus influenzae in 91% of patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 100% and Chlamydia pneumoniae in 80%. Respective eradication rates for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 78%, 100% and 80%. Only 7% (10/144) of patients receiving trovafloxacin 200 mg reported treatment-related adverse events, as did 7% (10/135) of patients given trovafloxacin 100 mg and 12% (17/140) of patients given amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bronchitis; Chlamydia Infections; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Naphthyridines; Pneumococcal Infections

Oral Fusobacterium nucleatum populations from 20 young, healthy children were examined for beta-lactamase production. Ten children (50%) harbored, altogether, 25 beta-lactamase-positive F. nucleatum isolates that were identified as F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, and F. nucleatum subsp. vincentii (J. L. Dzink, M. T. Sheenan, and S. S. Socransky, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40:74-78, 1990). In vitro susceptibility of these beta-lactamase-producing and 26 non-beta-lactamase-producing F. nucleatum isolates was tested with penicillin G, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline hydrochloride, metronidazole, trovafloxacin, and azithromycin. Except for penicillin G, the antimicrobials exhibited good activity against all F. nucleatum isolates.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; beta-Lactamases; Child, Preschool; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naphthyridines; Penicillin G; Tetracycline

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Cefuroxime; Cephalosporins; Doxycycline; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Naphthyridines; Ofloxacin; Outpatients; Penicillin G; Penicillins; Piperazines; Pneumococcal Infections; Quinolones; Roxithromycin; Streptococcus pneumoniae

Quality control guidelines for standardized antimicrobial susceptibility test methods are critical to the continuing accuracy of the tests. In this report, quality control limits were proposed for 22 organism-antimicrobial combinations with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of three or four log2 dilution steps. Disk diffusion zone diameter ranges were proposed for azithromycin compared with Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226 and ticarcillin with and without clavulanic acid tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The data from five or six participating laboratories produced > or = 94.7% of results within proposed MIC limits, and 94.3%-99.0% of zones were found within suggested zone guidelines. These proposed quality control ranges should be validated by in-use results from clinical laboratories.

Topics: Acetamides; Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Infective Agents; Azithromycin; Clavulanic Acids; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Linezolid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naphthyridines; Oxazoles; Oxazolidinones; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Quality Control; Roxithromycin; Ticarcillin