amicarbalide-diisethionate and imidocarb-dipropionate

Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Arachnid Vectors; Babesia; Babesiosis; Carbanilides; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Female; Imidocarb; Male; Quinolinium Compounds; Ticks; Urea

It was found that surprisingly low doses of four babesicides were effective against Babesia divergens in gerbils and it was concluded that this was due to the involvement of host resistance, which may be of a non-specific nature. The efficacy of the drugs relative to each other was the same in gerbils as in cattle and this host-parasite system is evidently more suitable for the screening of babesicides than are other rodent babesia systems. The prophylactic dose of imidocarb dipropionate required to provide a similar degree of protection in gerbils as in cattle was found to be much higher and was very close to toxic levels. Challenge infections resulted in sterile immunity. Acute babesiosis in gerbils could be cured with all four drugs if parasitaemias were below approximately 45 per cent and packed cell volumes above 18 per cent at treatment.

Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesiosis; Carbanilides; Diminazene; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gerbillinae; Imidocarb; Male; Quinolinium Compounds; Urea

Eight dogs, given imidocarb dipropionate subcutaneously at a dose of 6 mg/kg, were challenged with a sporozoite stabilate of a French strain of Babesia canis, prepared from infected Dermacentor reticulatus ticks, 2, 3, 4 or 5 weeks after treatment. Three control dogs were similarly infected but not preventively treated. One of the controls and one of the dogs treated 5 weeks prior to challenge died of babesiosis. Prepatent and incubation periods were similar in treated and control dogs, and all dogs showed important reductions in the packed cell volume. Relapses were commonly seen after recovery from the initial reaction. Although further work is needed before a final conclusion can be drawn to whether imidocarb is suitable as a chemoprophylactic against B. canis infection, it can be used as a curative drug.

Topics: Amidines; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesiosis; Carbanilides; Diminazene; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hematocrit; Imidocarb; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male