alanine has been researched along with glutamic acid in 1059 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 174 (16.43) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 314 (29.65) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 400 (37.77) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 126 (11.90) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 45 (4.25) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Barrio, JR; Baumgartner, FJ; Henze, E; Kuhl, DE; MacDonald, NS; Phelps, ME; Schelbert, HR | 1 |
| Cha, SH; Chairoungdua, A; Endou, H; Kanai, Y; Kim, DK; Matsuo, H | 1 |
| Ferrara, GB; Goeken, NE; Greazel, NS; Karr, RW; Klohe, E; Pistillo, MP | 1 |
| Chatham, JC; Glickson, JD; Hutchins, GM | 1 |
| Carbone, S; Moguilevsky, JA; Otero Losada, ME; Szwarcfarb, B | 1 |
| Countaway, JL; Davis, RJ; Nair, N; Robinson, HL; Taglienti-Sian, C; Theroux, SJ | 1 |
| Allsop, J; Danpure, CJ; Lumb, MJ; Minatogawa, Y; Purdue, PE | 1 |
| Franke, RR; Khorana, HG; Lin, SW; Mathies, RA; Sakmar, TP | 1 |
| Chalmers, J; Kapoor, V; Minson, J | 1 |
| Conn, PJ; Winder, DG | 1 |
| Harrison, PM; Hirzmann, J; Treffry, A; Yewdall, SJ | 1 |
| Aruga, R; Bezeaud, A; Guillin, MC; Iwanaga, S; Miyata, T; Umeyama, H | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Curry, K; Homburger, V; Manzoni, O; Prezeau, L; Sladeczek, F | 1 |
| Deutz, NE; Meyers, R; Roman, C; Rudolph, CD; Veereman-Wauters, G | 1 |
| Berry, MN; Gregory, RB; Phillips, JW | 1 |
| Baigrie, RJ; Lamont, PM; Morris, PJ; Newsholme, EA; Parry-Billings, M | 1 |
| Kus, L; McNulty, JA; Ottersen, OP | 1 |
| Bögl, KW; Dehne, LI; Fritz, P; Zagon, J | 1 |
| Burke, GT; Chu, YC; Katsoyannis, PG; Zong, L | 1 |
| Hertz, L; Petersen, SB; Schousboe, A; Sonnewald, U; Westergaard, N; Yu, AC | 1 |
| Erecinska, M; Hertz, L; Nissim, I; Pleasure, D; Yudkoff, M | 1 |
| Liu, CT; Newsholme, EA; Opara, E; Parry-Billings, M; Preedy, V | 1 |
| Hervé, M; Lebourguais, O; Tran-Dinh, S; Wietzerbin, J | 1 |
| Aulak, K; Bissler, J; Davis, AE; Eldering, E; Hack, CE; Kramer, J; Parad, RB; Rosen, FS; Stecklein, HP; Strunk, RC | 1 |
| Baudin, V; Bihoreau, MT; Bohn, B; Dumoulin, A; Edelstein, SJ; Kister, J; Lacaze, N; Marden, M; Poyart, C; Schaad, O | 1 |
| Dalrymple, GV; Finkbeiner, AE; Fowler, AH; Holder, JC; Komoroski, RA; Mullins, MS; Pappas, AA; Sprigg, JR | 1 |
| Crielaard, W; de Vrij, W; Heyne, RI; Konings, WN | 1 |
| Abumrad, NN; Becker, T; Geer, RJ; Lacy, DB; Wasserman, DH; Williams, PE | 1 |
| Clifford, DB; Izumi, Y; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Caprio, J; Wegert, S | 1 |
| Hertz, L; Peng, LA; Schousboe, A | 1 |
| Altekar, W; Rajagopalan, R | 1 |
| Austgen, TR; Chen, MK; Flynn, TC; Souba, WW | 1 |
| Behar, KL; Ogino, T | 1 |
| Takada, A; Takada, Y; Urano, T | 1 |
| Chattarji, S; Sejnowski, TJ; Stanton, PK | 1 |
| Brand, RJ; Kortstee, AJ; Raemakers-Franken, PC; Van der Drift, C; Vogels, GD | 1 |
| Dantzler, WH; Silbernagl, S | 1 |
| Bessman, SP; Memon, RA; Mohan, C | 1 |
| Dröge, W; Eck, HP; Gmünder, H | 1 |
| Abdullah, LH; Ordronneau, P; Petrusz, P | 1 |
| Ohtani, S; Yamamoto, K | 1 |
| Escobar, WA; Fink, AL; Tan, AK | 1 |
| Bump, K; Fisher, M; Foreman, J; Kurcz, E; Lawrence, L; Miller-Graber, P | 1 |
| Badía, A; López-Farré, A; López-Novoa, JM; Montañés, I; Rengel, MA | 1 |
| Alborn, WE; Allen, NE; Hobbs, JN | 1 |
| Hew, CL; Li, XM | 1 |
| Copeland, EM; Flynn, TC; Hautamaki, RD; Martin, TD; Plumley, DA; Rout, WR; Souba, WW | 1 |
| Bøtker, HE; Henningsen, P; Nielsen, TT; Thomassen, A; Thygesen, K | 1 |
| Khorana, HG; Marti, T; Subramaniam, S | 1 |
| Albert, JD; Barie, PS; Fong, YM; Hesse, DG; Lowry, SF; Tracey, KJ | 1 |
| Collen, D; Lijnen, HR; Nelles, L; Van Hoef, B | 1 |
| Bagger, JP; Henningsen, P; Nielsen, TT; Thomassen, A | 1 |
| Rölla, G; Rykke, M; Sönju, T | 1 |
| Béliveau, R; Demeule, M; Jetté, M; Potier, M | 1 |
| Segal, W | 1 |
| Nekliudov, AD | 1 |
| Ellerby, LM; Escobar, WA; Fink, AL; Mitchinson, C; Wells, JA | 1 |
| Fujimoto, S; Kaneko, M; Kikugawa, M; Tamaki, N | 1 |
| Bredt, DS; Hwang, PM; Snyder, SH | 1 |
| Brosnan, JT; Brosnan, ME; Dhanakoti, SN; Herzberg, GR | 1 |
| Farrow, NA; Kanamori, K; Parivar, F; Ross, BD | 1 |
| Hu, SX; Sher, PK | 1 |
| McNutt, M; Mullins, LS; Pace, CN; Raushel, FM | 1 |
| Hallenga, K; Stanssens, P; Steyaert, J; Wyns, L | 1 |
| Felipe, A; Remesar, X; Viñas, O | 1 |
| Sasaki, Y | 1 |
| Sugeno, H | 1 |
| Herschkowitz, N; Reynolds, R | 1 |
| Butterworth, RF; Héroux, M | 1 |
| Daly, MP; Demediuk, P; Faden, AI | 1 |
| Cambier, D; Pessac, B | 1 |
| Henriksson, J; Johansson, S; Nie, ZT; Wallberg-Henriksson, H | 1 |
| Hammen, HW; Radeck, W; Schadewaldt, P; Staib, W | 1 |
| Battelli, D; Bellei, M; Bobyleva-Guarriero, V; Lardy, HA | 1 |
| Chenoweth, M; Dunn, A; Said, HM | 1 |
| Katz, J | 1 |
| Cole, LA; Sahai, A; Tannen, RL | 1 |
| Astier, H; Tapia-Arancibia, L | 1 |
| Gray, GR; Polanski, M | 1 |
| Kempson, SA; McAteer, JA; Murer, H; Ying, AL | 1 |
| Baverel, G; Martin, G; Michoudet, C | 1 |
| Byun, SM; Kim, JH; Lee, BR; Park, SK | 1 |
| Gannon, RL; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Ahl, PL; Khorana, HG; Mogi, T; Rothschild, KJ; Stern, LJ | 1 |
| Ahl, PL; Berkowitz, S; Duñach, M; Khorana, HG; Marti, T; Mogi, T; Rothschild, KJ; Stern, LJ | 1 |
| Campbell, G; Kliegman, RM; Miettinen, EL | 1 |
| Ross, SM; Roy, DN; Spencer, PS | 1 |
| Hamberger, A; Jarlstedt, J; Karlsson, B | 1 |
| Askanazi, J; Elwyn, DH; Gil, KM; Gump, FE; Kinney, JM; Starker, PM | 1 |
| King, GF; Kuchel, PW | 1 |
| Gerok, W; Häussinger, D; Stehle, T | 1 |
| Ellis, JS; Maurer, PH; Zeiger, AR | 1 |
| Engelsen, B; Fonnum, F | 1 |
| Laycock, M; McInnes, AG; Shapiro, S; Vining, LC; Walter, JA | 1 |
| Ivanov, VE; Novikova, EB; Pisarenko, OI; Serebriakova, LI; Tskitishvili, OV | 1 |
| Allignet, E; Junco, E; Lemieux, C; Lemieux, G; Perez, R | 1 |
| Fagan, JM; Jaspers, SR; Tischler, ME | 1 |
| Pisarenko, OI; Studneva, IM | 1 |
| Armstrong, DG; Greife, HA; Rooke, JA | 1 |
| Evered, DF; Masola, B; Peters, TJ | 1 |
| De La Rosa, J; Hirschberger, LL; Stipanuk, MH | 1 |
| Ivanov, VE; Novikova, EB; Pisarenko, OI; Serebryakova, LI; Studneva, IM; Tskitishvili, OV | 1 |
| Ivanov, VE; Lepilin, MG; Pisarenko, OI | 1 |
| Aleksandrov, VG; Lapin, IP; Mandel'shtam, IuE; Ryzhov, IV; Slepokurov, MV | 1 |
| Allen, IC; Grieve, A; Griffiths, R | 1 |
| Baker, GL; Bell, EF; Filer, LJ; Stegink, LD | 1 |
| Ballatori, N; Boyer, JL; Moseley, RH | 1 |
| Hummeler, K; Medow, M; Nissim, I; Pleasure, D; Yudkoff, M | 1 |
| Henriksson, J; Katz, A; Sahlin, K | 1 |
| Kemp, BE; Michnoff, CH; Stull, JT | 1 |
| Welbourne, TC | 1 |
| Ji, I; Ji, TH; Kruggel, W; Lewis, RV; Middaugh, CR; Nishimura, R; Shin, J | 1 |
| Dymczyk, L; Potashner, SJ | 1 |
| Mora, F; Peinado, JM | 1 |
| Falstie-Jensen, N; Henningsen, P; Mortensen, PT; Nielsen, TT; Thomassen, AR; Thygesen, K | 1 |
| Lowe, PN; Rowe, AF | 1 |
| Aussel, C; Coudray-Lucas, C; Cynober, L; Giboudeau, J; Lioret, N; Saizy, R; Vaubourdolle, M | 1 |
| Beal, MF; Bird, ED; Ellison, DW; Martin, JB; Mazurek, MF | 1 |
| Engelsen, BA; Fonnum, F; Fosse, VM | 1 |
| Gopher, A; Kalderon, B; Lapidot, A | 1 |
| Ishihara, M; Iwasaki, K; Mano, K; Matsuzawa, T; Yugari, Y | 1 |
| Blum, JJ; Keegan, FP; Sansone, L | 1 |
| Beal, MF; Ellison, DW; Martin, JB | 1 |
| Buttrose, M; McKellar, D; Welbourne, TC | 1 |
| Kaufmann, CA; Korpi, ER; Marnela, KM; Weinberger, DR | 1 |
| Nadasdi, L; Parente, RA; Pongracz, K; Subbarao, NK; Szoka, FC | 1 |
| Kanamori, K; Roberts, JD; Weiss, RL | 1 |
| Arapov, AD; Korostylev, AM; Pisarenko, OI; Portnoy, VF; Studneva, IM | 1 |
| Elger, B; Goldstein, L; Kinne, R; Wolff, NA | 1 |
| Lenartowicz, E; Wojtczak, AB | 1 |
| Fujita-Yamaguchi, Y; Ramachandran, J; Sahal, D | 1 |
| Ardawi, MS | 1 |
| Khlopkov, V; Pisarenko, O; Studneva, I | 1 |
| Curi, R; Kowalchuk, JM; Newsholme, EA | 1 |
| Walker, JB; Woznicki, DT | 1 |
| Ghetti, B; McBride, WJ | 1 |
| Kihara, M; Kubo, T; Misu, Y | 1 |
| Nishimura, K; Noda, S; Ohta, M; Oyama, N; Shiota, M; Sogabe, N; Sugano, T | 1 |
| Bauer, SC; Bild, GS; Borgmeyer, JR; Huynh, QK; Kishore, GM | 1 |
| Fujiwara, N; Suwa, Y; Wada, H; Yamatodani, A; Yoshizumi, H | 1 |
| Brusilow, SW; Cooper, AJ; Filc-DeRicco, S; Gelbard, AS; Nieves, E; Rosenspire, KC | 1 |
| Horecker, BL; Panneerselvam, C; Wellner, D | 1 |
| Grunewald, RW; Jans, AW; Kinne, RK | 1 |
| Katz, J; Wolfe, RR | 1 |
| Golden, MH; Jackson, AA; Jahoor, F | 1 |
| Thompson, JR; Wu, GY | 1 |
| Schäfer, G; Schauder, P | 1 |
| Berrington, JM; Johnson, AW; Losowsky, MS; Manning, A; Walker, I | 1 |
| Blondin, J; Delmez, JA; Klahr, S; Rutherford, WE | 1 |
| Vasstrand, EN | 1 |
| Boyd, CA; Perring, VS | 1 |
| Hagenzieker, JG; Poindexter, JS | 1 |
| Fonnum, F; Henke, H | 1 |
| Kenealy, WR; Schubert, KR; Thompson, TE; Zeikus, JG | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Denavit-Saubié, M; Moyanova, S; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| Lindsay, DB | 1 |
| Cuénod, M; Felix, D; Henke, H; Toggenburger, G | 1 |
| Maugh, TH | 1 |
| Alemany, M; García, FJ; Palou, A; Pons, A | 1 |
| Hug, DH; Hunter, JK | 1 |
| Burry, RW | 1 |
| Flouret, B; Mengin-Lecreulx, D; van Heijenoort, J | 1 |
| Kanamori, K; Legerton, TL; Roberts, JD; Weiss, RL | 1 |
| Beezer, AE; Chowdhry, BZ; Cosgrove, RF; Sharma, PB | 1 |
| Amano, K; Williams, JC | 1 |
| Azoury, R; Garti, N; Perlberg, S; Sarig, S | 1 |
| Bagger, JP; Henningsen, P; Nielsen, TT; Thomassen, AR | 1 |
| Caldecourt, MA; Palmer, TN; Slavin, JP | 1 |
| Hassinen, IE; Hiltunen, JK; Nuutinen, EM; Peuhkurinen, KJ; Pietiläinen, EP | 1 |
| Fonnum, F; Fosse, VM; Kvale, I | 1 |
| Agardh, CD; Alinder, G; Herlin, P; Holmin, T; Hultberg, B | 1 |
| Jüttner, F | 1 |
| Baverel, G; Martin, G | 1 |
| Belov, AP; Davidova, EG; Rachinskiĭ, VV | 1 |
| Lindström, S; Sandberg, M | 1 |
| Corbet, S; Fougereau, M; Milili, M; Schiff, C | 1 |
| Andersen, DW; Daabees, TT; Filer, LJ; Stegink, LD; Zike, WL | 1 |
| Singh, G; Srivastava, VM | 1 |
| Neuhoff, V; Poetter, U; Schott, K | 1 |
| Bhatnagar, R; Chauhan, BS; Desai, NC; Garg, SP | 1 |
| Radha, E; Rajeswari, TS | 1 |
| Erecińska, M; Nelson, D; Silver, IA; Wilson, DF | 1 |
| Bateman, DE; Dodd, PR; Edwardson, JA; Hardy, JA; Kidd, AM; Singh, GB | 1 |
| Baer, BP; Basford, RE; Hendrickx, HH; Safar, P | 1 |
| Engel, PC; Syed, SE | 1 |
| Mora, F; Myers, RD; Peinado, JM | 1 |
| Behar, KL; Hetherington, HP; Rothman, DL; Shulman, RG | 1 |
| Caldecourt, MA; Palmer, TN; Sugden, MC | 1 |
| Hems, R | 1 |
| Hepler, JR; Myers, RD; Noto, T | 1 |
| Cates, LA; Coyle, JT; Ferkany, JW; Hu, ZS; Lehmann, J; Li, VS | 1 |
| Caldecourt, MA; Palmer, TN; Sugden, MC; Warner, JP | 1 |
| Ciuffo, GM; Estrada, MR; Jáuregui, EA; Santillán, MB | 1 |
| Huisman, TH; Lam, H; Molaro, GL; Nakatsuji, T; Sansone, G; Sciarratta, GV; Webber, B; Wilson, JB | 1 |
| Jahoor, F; Jaksic, T; Miller, RG | 1 |
| Cline, GW; Shulman, GI | 1 |
| Eckardt, S; Köhr, G; Lüddens, H; Monyer, H; Seeburg, PH | 1 |
| Amar, M; Harris, P; Laughton, DL; Lunt, GG; Thomas, P; Towner, P; Wolstenholme, AJ | 1 |
| Barrandon, Y; Goossens, M; Hilal, L; Hovnanian, A; Pollack, E; Prost, C; Rochat, A | 1 |
| Curran, DE; McNeillie, SA; Shennan, DB | 1 |
| Haque, A; Khan, JK; Kuo, YH; Lambein, F | 1 |
| Ellinor, PT; Sather, WA; Tsien, RW; Yang, J; Zhang, JF | 1 |
| Harper, AE; Torres, N; Tovar, AR | 1 |
| Saugstad, JA; Segerson, TP; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Haller, RG; Henriksson, KG; Jorfeldt, L; Lewis, SF; Sahlin, K | 1 |
| Haun, SE; Horrocks, LA; Lipscomb, DC; Segeleon, JE; Trapp, VL | 1 |
| Chang, C; Jang, T | 1 |
| Cox, AJ; Lee, RK; Nitsch, RM; Wurtman, RJ | 1 |
| Lu, Q; Verma, DP; Zhang, CS | 1 |
| Bolívar, M; Delgado, AV; Salcedo, J; Vera, P | 1 |
| Bukrina, IM; Dixon, HB; Khristoforov, RR; Krasnov, VP; Sparkes, MJ; Sukhareva, BS | 1 |
| Yadid, G; Youdim, MB; Zinder, O | 1 |
| Carlow, DC; Short, SA; Smith, AA; Wolfenden, R; Yang, CC | 1 |
| Kantrowitz, ER; Keiser, RT; Tauc, P; Vachette, P | 1 |
| Eisemann, JH; Huntington, GB | 1 |
| Fonnum, F; Roseth, S | 1 |
| Degen, SJ; McDowell, SA; Scharrer, I; Sparks, LM | 1 |
| Banno, Y; Mizutani, T; Nakamura, Y; Nakashima, S; Nozawa, Y; Sakai, H; Sugimoto, Y; Watanabe, T; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Porter, DJ; Short, SA | 1 |
| Dinkelborg, LM; Grieshaber, MK; Kinne, RK | 1 |
| Cerdán, S; Erhard, P; Moldes, M; Seelig, J | 1 |
| Mispelter, J; Ronen, SM; Volk, A | 1 |
| Ayala, J; Carlson, SS; Flannery, CR; Gordy, JT; Iwata, M; Kimura, JH; Lark, MW; Mumford, RA; Weidner, JR; Williams, HR | 1 |
| Dieringer, N; Reichenberger, I | 1 |
| Gross, KL; Prior, RL | 1 |
| Higashiguchi, T; Ito, A; Kawarada, Y; Kitagawa, M; Noguchi, T; Yokoi, H | 1 |
| Canioni, P; Merle, M; Portais, JC; Schuster, R | 1 |
| Katz, J; Lee, WN; Wals, P | 1 |
| Allsop, D; Clements, A; Walsh, DM; Williams, CH | 1 |
| Petroff, OA; Pleban, L; Prichard, JW | 1 |
| Akasaka, T; O'yauchi, R; Sawai, T; Someya, Y; Yamaguchi, A | 1 |
| Berg-Johnsen, J; Fonnum, F; Langmoen, IA; Paulsen, RE | 1 |
| Nakao, S; Noda, H; Ohsugi, M | 1 |
| Citron, BA; Davis, MD; Kaufman, S | 1 |
| Fukunaga, K; Miyamoto, E; Ushio, Y; Yano, S | 1 |
| Vergères, G; Waskell, L; Wu, FF | 1 |
| Choe, HW; Heinemann, U; Pletinckx, J; Steyaert, J; Wyns, L; Zegers, I | 1 |
| Gibbs, MR; Leslie, AG; Lewendon, A; Murray, IA; Shaw, WV | 1 |
| Calderón, J; Martínez, LM | 1 |
| Herrero, I; Miras-Portugal, MT; Sánchez-Prieto, J | 1 |
| Bigl, V; Grantyn, R; Rothe, T | 1 |
| Daikhin, Y; Erecińska, M; Nelson, D; Nissim, I; Yudkoff, M | 1 |
| Dejong, CH; Deutz, NE; Soeters, PB | 1 |
| Chakravarty, S; Kyle, DJ; Sinsko, JA; Stormann, TM | 1 |
| Bennett, BM; Goh, JW; Madigan, MA; Musgrave, MA | 1 |
| Cowley, S; Kemp, P; Marshall, CJ; Paterson, H | 1 |
| Bonner, K; Gennarelli, L; Rorke, LB; Sutton, LN; Wang, Z; Wehrli, SL; Zimmerman, R | 1 |
| Hertz, L; Peng, L; Zhang, X | 1 |
| Littman, L; Robinson, MB | 1 |
| Hartman, WJ; Prior, RL; Torre, PM | 1 |
| Akeson, M; Battey, JF; Benya, RV; Jensen, RT; Mrozinski, J | 1 |
| Bovill, EG; Long, GL; Lu, D | 1 |
| Berrino, L; Calderaro, V; D'Amico, M; Maione, S; Pizzirusso, A; Rossi, F; Vitagliano, S | 1 |
| Bustin, M; Friedman, FK; Lehn, DA; Postnikov, YV; Robinson, RC; Shiloach, J | 1 |
| Inao, S; Kuchiwaki, H; Sugita, K; Yamamoto, M; Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Horváth, VA; Wanders, RJ | 1 |
| Bonneau, PR; Brömme, D; Lachance, P; Storer, AC | 1 |
| Horovitz, A; Kovalenko, O; Yifrach, O | 1 |
| Jarroll, EL; Kelly, ML; Lindmark, DG; Lloyd, D; Paget, TA | 1 |
| Johnson, BG; Schoepp, DD | 1 |
| Hertz, L; Schousboe, A; Westergaard, N | 1 |
| Cama, A; de la Luz Sierra, M; Gorden, P; Ottini, L; Quon, MJ; Taylor, SI | 1 |
| Bakkelund, AH; Fonnum, F; Paulsen, RE | 1 |
| Aronica, E; Balázs, R; Condorelli, DF; Nicoletti, F | 1 |
| Kilberg, MS; Nam, M; Tamarappoo, BK; Welbourne, TC | 1 |
| Albrecht, GJ; Beck, FX; Dörge, A; Sone, M; Thurau, K | 1 |
| Aquila, WJ; Donnelly, DF; During, MJ; Haddad, GG; Perry, VL; Young, RS | 1 |
| Nilsson, GE; Winberg, S | 1 |
| Bachelard, HS; Badar-Goffer, RS; Ben-Yoseph, O; Morris, PG | 1 |
| Arola, L; Salvadó, MJ | 1 |
| Lee, RW; Thompson, SN | 1 |
| Cichon, S; Dewald, G; Nöthen, MM | 1 |
| Ariga, T; Imajoh-Ohmi, S; Kanegasaki, S; Matsumoto, S; Sakiyama, Y; Tomizawa, K | 1 |
| Chao, RY; Jeffrey, FM; Jessen, ME; Kovarik, TE; Malloy, CR; Ring, WS; Sherry, AD; Storey, CJ | 1 |
| Nguyen, VT; Stalon, V; Tricot, C | 1 |
| Chuntharapai, A; Colby, T; Hébert, CA; Horuk, R; Kim, J; Smith, M | 1 |
| Anglés-Cano, E; Fleury, V; Lijnen, HR | 1 |
| Djurhuus, JC; Helligsö, P; Kimose, HH; Knudsen, MA; Nielsen, TT; Ravkilde, J; Thomassen, AR | 1 |
| Kantrowitz, ER; Xu, X | 1 |
| Imajo, S; Ishiguro, M; Nukaga, M; Sawai, T; Tanimoto, K; Tsukamoto, K | 1 |
| Koeln, LL; Schlagheck, TG; Webb, KE | 1 |
| Chang, CH; Hanson, DK; Nance, SL; Schiffer, M; Tiede, DM | 1 |
| Huang, X; McKenna, MC; Sonnewald, U; Stevenson, J; Zielke, HR | 1 |
| Bonner, FW; Byard, SJ; Gray, TJ; Halligan, S; Harpur, ES; Spencer, AJ | 1 |
| Magistretti, PJ; Tsacopoulos, M | 1 |
| Buchanan-Smith, JG; McBride, BW; Mutsvangwa, T | 1 |
| Cardoso, LF; Martini, LH; Souza, DO; Tasca, CI; Vendite, D | 1 |
| Freire, CA; Greene, LJ; McNamara, JC; Rosa, JC | 1 |
| Daniel, H; Gent, M; Scholl, A | 1 |
| Cerione, RA; Erickson, JW; Mittal, R | 1 |
| Davé, V; de Barsy, T; Martin, JJ; Matthys, E; Ookawara, T; Willems, P; Yoshida, A | 1 |
| Akhondzadeh, S; Stone, TW | 1 |
| Horrevoets, AJ; Neels, J; Pannekoek, H; Roelofs, Y; van Meijer, M; van Zonneveld, AJ | 1 |
| Oliveira, CR; Rego, AC; Santos, MS | 1 |
| Ahmed, A; Hundal, HS; Khogali, SE; Low, SY; Rennie, MJ; Taylor, PM | 1 |
| Baudin, V; Kister, J; Lesecq, S; Marden, MC; Pagnier, J; Poyart, C | 1 |
| Lee, S; Naime, D; Okubo, Y; Redman, C; Reid, M; Sistonen, P; Son, S; Wu, X | 1 |
| Coleman, CS; Huang, H; Pegg, AE | 1 |
| Ikeda, TP; Kustu, S; Shauger, AE | 1 |
| Cline, GC; Dione, D; McNulty, PH; Shi, CQ; Shulman, GI; Sinusas, AJ; Young, LH | 1 |
| Arosio, P; Corsi, B; Cozzi, A; Levi, S; Santambrogio, P | 1 |
| Bhakoo, KK; Florian, CL; Noble, M; Preece, NE; Williams, SR | 1 |
| Butt, HL; Dunstan, RH; Klineberg, IJ; McGregor, NR; Roberts, TK; Zerbes, M | 1 |
| Angelini, GD; Birkett, S; Suleiman, MS; Wallace, D | 1 |
| Kavanaugh, MP; Zerangue, N | 1 |
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| Bao, X; Chen, X; Cui, J; Liu, L; Meng, Z; Wang, J; Yang, C | 1 |
| Bröer, S; Das, A; Gauthier-Coles, G; Rae, CD | 1 |
| Chen, L; Gu, J; Huang, C; Kong, Q; Lin, D; Lu, R; Wu, W | 1 |
| Kim, MJ; Kim, YS; Mi Lee, S; Moon, B; Park, HH | 1 |
| DI, LQ; Huang, X; Lu, YY; Luo, ZC; Qi, MY; Shan, JJ; Zhang, W | 1 |
| Chen, X; Jia, W; Jiao, J; Liu, X; Wan, X; Wang, A; Wang, Q; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhu, L; Zhuang, P | 1 |
| Bakunova, AK; Bezsudnova, EY; Kostyukov, AA; Kuzmin, VA; Popov, VO | 1 |
| Bolognin, S; Deli, MA; Jan, JS; Kocsis, A; Mészáros, M; Páli, EK; Phan, THM; Polgár, TF; Porkoláb, G; Schwamborn, JC; Veszelka, S; Vigh, JP; Walter, FR | 1 |
| Li, MD; Li, Y; Liu, XF; Lu, JJ; Qiang, JW; Zeng, AR | 1 |
| Ban, Q; Hou, YY; Huang, T; Ma, B; Shi, L; Zhang, ML; Zhang, Q; Zhou, YF | 1 |
| Abdurakhmanov, E; Barrera Saldaña, HA; Danielson, H; Erwin, J; Flores, SC; Gräslund, A; Howard, R; Kanchugal, S; Rajkovic, A; Wärmländer, S | 1 |
| Li, Y; Liu, XF; Lu, JJ; Qiang, JW; Yang, XY | 1 |
| Duan, Y; Lai, J; Li, L; Shao, L; Wang, J; Wang, Y; Xing, X; Yang, Z | 1 |
| Bou, G; Fuentes-Valverde, V; García, P; Herrera-León, S; Moscoso, M; Rodicio, MR | 1 |
| Liu, J; Qiao, Z; Rao, Z; Xu, M; Yang, T; Zhang, X; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Hellmann, A; Korczynska, J; Mika, A; Taciak, A; Turyn, J; Zwara, A | 1 |
| Akamatsu, M; Asao, M; Fujita, T; Iwamura, H | 1 |
| Kinoshita, H; Shimizu, K | 1 |
16 review(s) available for alanine and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Regulatory role of astrocytes for neuronal biosynthesis and homeostasis of glutamate and GABA.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cell Communication; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons | 1992 |
Nitrogen metabolism: neuronal-astroglial relationships.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Cell Communication; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nitrogen; Synaptosomes; Veratridine | 1992 |
[Aliphatic alpha-amino acids as biologically active compounds].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cysteine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Homeostasis; Humans | 1990 |
Amino acid traffic in sheep.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Erythrocytes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Liver; Sheep | 1981 |
Neuronal-astrocytic interactions in glutamate metabolism.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Communication; Citric Acid Cycle; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents | 1993 |
Metabolic coupling between glia and neurons.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Bees; Biological Transport; Capillary Permeability; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Deoxyglucose; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Lactates; Male; Mice; Models, Biological; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina; Synaptic Transmission; Tomography, Emission-Computed | 1996 |
Glutamine metabolism and transport in skeletal muscle and heart and their clinical relevance.
Topics: Alanine; Biological Transport; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardium | 1996 |
[Glycine therapy of schizophrenia; its rationale and a review of clinical trials].
Topics: Acetamides; Alanine; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cycloserine; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Humans; Prodrugs; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Serine | 1998 |
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Rhizobium.
Topics: Alanine; Carbon; Citric Acid Cycle; Dicarboxylic Acids; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamic Acid; Nitrogen Fixation; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rhizobium | 2000 |
Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit.
Topics: Alanine; Bacteria; Catalysis; Glutamic Acid; Intramolecular Transferases; Ligases; Molecular Structure; Oxidoreductases; Peptide Synthases; Peptides; Peptidoglycan; Transferases; Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylmuramic Acid | 2001 |
Glutamine: an anaplerotic precursor.
Topics: Alanine; Citric Acid Cycle; Exercise; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal | 2002 |
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic evaluation of brain tumor metabolism.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Neoplasms; Choline; Creatine; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Inositol; Lactic Acid; Lipid Metabolism; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Phosphocreatine | 2004 |
Amino acid catabolic pathways of lactic acid bacteria.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Aromatic; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Asparagine; Aspartate Ammonia-Lyase; Aspartic Acid; Biodegradation, Environmental; Fermentation; Food Microbiology; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Lactic Acid; Lactobacillus; Proline | 2006 |
Pseudo-replication of [GADV]-proteins and origin of life.
Topics: Alanine; Genetic Code; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Models, Genetic; Origin of Life; Polymerization; Proteins; RNA; Valine | 2009 |
An Overview of Important Enzymes Involved in Nitrogen Assimilation of Plants.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Ammonium Compounds; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Plants | 2020 |
The contributions of metabolomics in the discovery of new therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Metabolomics; Rats | 2021 |
15 trial(s) available for alanine and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Effect of sucrose ingestion on plasma glutamate concentrations in humans administered monosodium L-glutamate.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Aspartic Acid; Blood; Blood Glucose; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Sodium Glutamate; Sucrose | 1986 |
Changes in myocardial concentration of glutamate and aspartate during coronary artery surgery.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Bicarbonates; Biopsy; Blood; Calcium Chloride; Cardioplegic Solutions; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Coronary Artery Bypass; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnesium; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Potassium Chloride; Sodium Chloride; Troponin; Troponin I; Troponin T | 1997 |
Thiopental and midazolam do not seem to impede metabolism of glutamate in brain-injured patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Ventricles; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lactates; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Serine; Thiopental | 1999 |
Effect of dopexamine on hepatic metabolic activity in patients with septic shock.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Blood Pressure; Dopamine; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Humans; Ketone Bodies; Lactates; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Norepinephrine; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvates; Regional Blood Flow; Shock, Septic; Splanchnic Circulation; Vasodilator Agents | 2001 |
Dissociation between muscle tricarboxylic acid cycle pool size and aerobic energy provision during prolonged exercise in humans.
Topics: Adult; Aerobiosis; Alanine; Carbon Dioxide; Citric Acid Cycle; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Humans; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Respiratory Mechanics | 2002 |
Short-term training attenuates muscle TCA cycle expansion during exercise in women.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Citric Acid Cycle; Exercise; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphocreatine; Physical Fitness; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Pyruvic Acid; Sex Characteristics | 2003 |
Improvement of motor function in early Parkinson disease by safinamide.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzylamines; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dopamine Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Sodium Channel Blockers; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Prospective phase II study of gefitinib for chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Antineoplastic Agents; Arginine; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Disease-Free Survival; ErbB Receptors; Feasibility Studies; Female; Gefitinib; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Leucine; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neoplasm Staging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prospective Studies; Quinazolines; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Utilization of glutamate/creatine ratios for proton spectroscopic diagnosis of meningiomas.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Biomarkers; Brain; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results | 2007 |
Metabolic fingerprinting of fresh lymphoma samples used to discriminate between follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Neoplasm; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Ki-67 Antigen; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, Follicular; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Sensitivity and Specificity; Taurine | 2009 |
Prolonged continuous intravenous infusion of the dipeptide L-alanine- L-glutamine significantly increases plasma glutamine and alanine without elevating brain glutamate in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Brain Injuries; Dipeptides; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult | 2014 |
Pyruvate is an effective substitute for glutamate in regulating porcine nitrogen excretion.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Cell Line; Diet; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabolism; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Nitrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyruvic Acid; Swine; Urea | 2018 |
Long-Term Efficacy of Safinamide on Symptoms Severity and Quality of Life in Fluctuating Parkinson's Disease Patients.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Alanine; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzylamines; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesias; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Middle Aged; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Parkinson Disease; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index | 2020 |
Effects of Five Amino Acids (Serine, Alanine, Glutamate, Aspartate, and Tyrosine) on Mental Health in Healthy Office Workers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Exploratory Trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mental Fatigue; Mental Health; Middle Aged; Occupational Health; Serine; Treatment Outcome; Tyrosine; Young Adult | 2022 |
Metabolomics strategy comprehensively unveils the effect of catechins intervention on the biomarkers of exposure to acrylamide and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk.
Topics: Acrylamide; Adult; Alanine; Animals; Antioxidants; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Capsules; Cardiovascular Diseases; Catechin; Citric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolipids; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Metabolomics; Phenylalanine; Polyphenols; Rats; Tea | 2022 |
1028 other study(ies) available for alanine and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
13N-labeled L-amino acids for in vivo assessment of local myocardial metabolism.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Half-Life; Myocardium; Nitrogen Radioisotopes | 1981 |
Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport Systems; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Anion Transport Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Escherichia coli Proteins; Female; Intestine, Small; Kinetics; Levodopa; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Oocytes; Phenylalanine; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substrate Specificity; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Xenopus laevis | 2001 |
Critical role of HLA-DR beta 1 residue 58 in multiple polymorphic epitopes recognized by xenogeneic and allogeneic antibodies.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Epitopes; Fibroblasts; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; HLA-DR Antigens; Humans; Immunoglobulin Allotypes; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Polymorphism, Genetic; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection | 1992 |
Altered glucose metabolism in adriamycin-induced heart failure.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Doxorubicin; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Heart Diseases; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR | 1992 |
Effects of ovarian steroids on the gonadotropin response to N-methyl-D-aspartate and on hypothalamic excitatory amino acid levels during sexual maturation in female rats.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hypothalamus; Luteinizing Hormone; N-Methylaspartate; Ovary; Preoptic Area; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sexual Maturation | 1992 |
Increased oncogenic potential of ErbB is associated with the loss of a COOH-terminal domain serine phosphorylation site.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Alanine; Animals; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Chick Embryo; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mice; Mutation; Oncogenes; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Receptor, ErbB-2; Serine | 1992 |
A glycine-to-glutamate substitution abolishes alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase catalytic activity in a subset of patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Liver; Microbodies; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Transaminases | 1992 |
Resonance Raman microprobe spectroscopy of rhodopsin mutants: effect of substitutions in the third transmembrane helix.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Isomerism; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Mutation; Rhodopsin; Spectrum Analysis, Raman | 1992 |
Ventral medulla stimulation increases blood pressure and spinal cord amino acid release.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dialysis; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hippocampus increases cyclic AMP accumulation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1992 |
Mechanism of catalysis of Fe(II) oxidation by ferritin H chains.
Topics: Alanine; Catalysis; Ferritins; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1992 |
Prothrombin Salakta: substitution of glutamic acid-466 by alanine reduces the fibrinogen clotting activity and the esterase activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Codon; Esterases; Fibrinogen; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Peptide Fragments; Protein Conformation; Prothrombin | 1992 |
Characterization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor: direct negative coupling to adenylyl cyclase and involvement of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Alanine; Alkaloids; Animals; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Pertussis Toxin; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Protein Kinase C; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Staurosporine; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1992 |
Amino acid gradients across the intestinal circulation in fetal lambs.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hemoglobins; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Oxygen; Pregnancy | 1992 |
Reducing-equivalent transfer to the mitochondria during gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis in hepatocytes from rats of different thyroid status.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Male; Malonates; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thyroid Gland; Urea | 1992 |
Effects of major and minor surgery on plasma glutamine and cytokine levels.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Cytokines; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-6; Male; Middle Aged; Minor Surgical Procedures; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1992 |
Immunocytochemical and circadian biochemical analysis of neuroactive amino acids in the pineal gland of the rat: effect of superior cervical ganglionectomy.
Topics: Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Circadian Rhythm; Endothelium; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Ganglionectomy; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Melatonin; Neuroglia; Pineal Gland; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine; Taurine | 1992 |
[The question of amino acid isomerization in the microwave field. Results of a model study with standard solutions].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isomerism; Microwaves; Proline | 1992 |
The A14 position of insulin tolerates considerable structural alterations with modest effects on the biological behavior of the hormone.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Cattle; Cycloleucine; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Insulin; Lipids; Liver; Lysine; Phenylalanine; Rats; Receptor, Insulin; Sheep; Structure-Activity Relationship; Swine; Tyrosine | 1992 |
Acute ethanol administration and the metabolism of glutamine by skeletal muscle of the rat: implications for ethanol-induced reductions in protein synthesis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Ethanol; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Muscle Proteins; Muscles; Rats | 1992 |
Effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the glucose metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae studied by multinuclear-NMR spectroscopy and biochemical methods.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Citric Acid Cycle; Deoxyglucose; Glucose; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glucosephosphates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Phosphorylation; Polyphosphates; Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 1992 |
C1 inhibitor hinge region mutations produce dysfunction by different mechanisms.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Angioedema; Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Codon; Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins; Complement C1s; Fibroblasts; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heterozygote; Humans; Kallikreins; Molecular Sequence Data; Point Mutation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Recombinant Proteins; Threonine; Transfection; Valine | 1992 |
Steric and hydrophobic determinants of the solubilities of recombinant sickle cell hemoglobins.
Topics: Alanine; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobin, Sickle; Humans; Isoleucine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxygen; Protein Conformation; Protein Engineering; Recombinant Proteins; Solubility; Structure-Activity Relationship; Valine | 1992 |
Differentiation of human prostate cancer from benign hypertrophy by in vitro 1H NMR.
Topics: Alanine; Citrates; Creatine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Phosphorylcholine; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms | 1992 |
Sodium ion-dependent amino acid transport in membrane vesicles of Bacillus stearothermophilus.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Site; Amino Acids; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ionophores; Kinetics; Leucine; Lysine; Macrolides; Monensin; Sodium | 1991 |
Interaction of gut and liver in nitrogen metabolism during exercise.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Dogs; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Artery; Intestinal Mucosa; Liver; Nitrogen; Physical Exertion; Portal Vein; Regional Blood Flow; Splanchnic Circulation; Urea | 1991 |
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionate blocks the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Pyramidal Tracts; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Receptor sites for amino acids in the facial taste system of the channel catfish.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adaptation, Physiological; Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Ictaluridae; Lysine; Methionine; Proline; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Stereoisomerism; Taste | 1991 |
Utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate as a precursor for transmitter glutamate in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Alanine; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ketoglutaric Acids; Mice; Potassium | 1991 |
Products of non-reductive CO2 assimilation in the halophilic archaebacterium Haloferax mediterranei.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Archaea; Aspartic Acid; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Keto Acids; Propionates; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Sodium; Sodium Bicarbonate | 1991 |
The effects of endotoxin on the splanchnic metabolism of glutamine and related substrates.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; DNA; Endotoxins; Escherichia coli; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intestinal Mucosa; Liver; Liver Circulation; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1991 |
Assignment of resonance in the 1H spectrum of rat brain by two-dimensional shift correlated and J-resolved NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Creatine; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Female; Fourier Analysis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen; Inositol; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Taurine; Threonine | 1991 |
Effects of N-terminal peptide of Glu-plasminogen on the activation of Glu-plasminogen and its conversion to Lys-plasminogen.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Plasminogen; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry | 1991 |
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, an inhibitor of glutamate-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover, blocks induction of homosynaptic long-term depression, but not potentiation, in rat hippocampus.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Time Factors | 1991 |
Ammonia assimilation and glutamate incorporation in coenzyme F420 derivatives of Methanosarcina barkeri.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Ammonia; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cell Division; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Euryarchaeota; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Nitrogen; Riboflavin | 1991 |
Specificity of amino acid transport in renal papilla: microinfusion of Henle's loops and vasa recta.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kidney Medulla; Kidney Tubules, Distal; Kinetics; Loop of Henle; Male; Models, Biological; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Taurine | 1991 |
Amphibolic role of the Krebs cycle in the insulin-stimulated protein synthesis.
Topics: Alanine; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Radioisotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Diaphragm; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Male; Methionine; Muscles; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valine | 1991 |
Low membrane transport activity for cystine in resting and mitogenically stimulated human lymphocyte preparations and human T cell clones.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Biological Transport; Cell Division; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Clone Cells; Cysteine; Cystine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; HIV Seropositivity; Humans; Lymphocytes; Methionine; Mitogens; Phytohemagglutinins; T-Lymphocytes | 1991 |
An efficient enzyme immunoassay for glutamate using glutaraldehyde coupling of the hapten to microtiter plates.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Cross Reactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaral; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Reproducibility of Results; Time Factors | 1991 |
Age estimation by amino acid racemization in teeth--a comparison of aspartic acid with glutamic acid and alanine as indicators.
Topics: Age Determination by Teeth; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Methods | 1991 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of beta-lactamase leading to accumulation of a catalytic intermediate.
Topics: Acylation; Alanine; Bacillus; Base Sequence; beta-Lactamases; Catalysis; Cephalosporins; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Molecular Structure; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Penicillins | 1991 |
Metabolic responses to ammonium acetate infusion in exercising horses.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Fatigue; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Horse Diseases; Horses; Infusions, Intravenous; Lactates; Muscles; Physical Exertion; Random Allocation | 1991 |
Intermediary metabolism in renal proximal tubules in the recovery phase of experimental renal ischemia in dogs.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dogs; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemia; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Oxygen Consumption; Rats | 1991 |
Inhibition of membrane potential-dependent amino acid transport by daptomycin.
Topics: Alanine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus megaterium; Biological Transport, Active; Daptomycin; Diaminopimelic Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Peptides | 1991 |
Structure and function of an antifreeze polypeptide from ocean pout, Macrozoarces americanus: role of glutamic acid residues in protein stability and antifreeze activity by site-directed mutagenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Animals; Antifreeze Proteins; Base Sequence; Circular Dichroism; Escherichia coli; Fishes; Freezing; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; Ice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1991 |
Accelerated lung amino acid release in hyperdynamic septic surgical patients.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Bacterial Infections; Cardiac Output; Catheterization, Swan-Ganz; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Lung; Postoperative Period; Surgical Procedures, Operative | 1990 |
Effects of glutamate on exercise tolerance and circulating substrate levels in stable angina pectoris.
Topics: Alanine; Angina Pectoris; Blood Chemical Analysis; Citrates; Citric Acid; Electrocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Endurance; Rest; Time Factors | 1990 |
Protonation state of Asp (Glu)-85 regulates the purple-to-blue transition in bacteriorhodopsin mutants Arg-82----Ala and Asp-85----Glu: the blue form is inactive in proton translocation.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Bacteriorhodopsins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Halobacterium; Kinetics; Mutation; Protons; Spectrophotometry | 1990 |
Influence of enterectomy on peripheral tissue glutamine efflux in critically ill patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Laparotomy; Middle Aged; Nitrogen | 1990 |
Plasminogen activation with single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA). Studies with active site mutagenized plasminogen (Ser740----Ala) and plasmin-resistant scu-PA (Lys158----Glu).
Topics: Alanine; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Precursors; Escherichia coli; Fibrinolysin; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Mutation; Plasminogen; Plasminogen Activators; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator | 1990 |
Cardiac metabolic effects of heparin differentiate between patients with normal and stenotic coronary arteries.
Topics: Alanine; Angina Pectoris; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Citrates; Coronary Disease; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Heparin; Humans; Lactates; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium | 1990 |
Interindividual and longitudinal studies of amino acid composition of pellicle collected in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Dental Deposits; Dental Pellicle; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Proline; Saliva | 1990 |
Molecular sizes of amino acid transporters in the luminal membrane from the kidney cortex, estimated by the radiation-inactivation method.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport Systems; Amino Acids; Animals; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane Permeability; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Free Radicals; Gamma Rays; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kidney Cortex; Kinetics; Leucine; Microvilli; Proline; Rats; Sodium | 1990 |
D-aminoacids and microwaves.
Topics: Alanine; Bacteria; Cell Wall; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Microwaves | 1990 |
The role of lysine-234 in beta-lactamase catalysis probed by site-directed mutagenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus; Base Sequence; beta-Lactamases; Catalysis; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Penicillin V; Substrate Specificity | 1990 |
Evaluation of interconversion between (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of beta-aminoisobutyrate.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Alanine; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Transaminases | 1990 |
Autoradiographic imaging of phosphoinositide turnover in the brain.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Carbachol; Cerebellum; Cycloleucine; Cytidine; Cytidine Diphosphate Diglycerides; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neomycin; Phosphatidylinositols; Pirenzepine; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tissue Distribution | 1990 |
Renal arginine synthesis: studies in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Tubules; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine | 1990 |
A 15N-n.m.r. study of cerebral, hepatic and renal nitrogen metabolism in hyperammonaemic rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Inactivation, Metabolic; Kidney; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Methionine Sulfoximine; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1990 |
Increased glutamate uptake and glutamine synthetase activity in neuronal cell cultures surviving chronic hypoxia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Binding, Competitive; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Disease; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Neurons; Oxygen | 1990 |
Contribution of histidine residues to the conformational stability of ribonuclease T1 and mutant Glu-58----Ala.
Topics: Alanine; Enzyme Stability; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Ribonuclease T1; Thermodynamics | 1990 |
Histidine-40 of ribonuclease T1 acts as base catalyst when the true catalytic base, glutamic acid-58, is replaced by alanine.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Catalysis; Escherichia coli; Esterification; Exoribonucleases; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mutation | 1990 |
Cationic and anionic amino acid transport studies in rat red blood cells.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythrocytes; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1990 |
Isolation and characterization of 15K noncollagenous protein from bovine periodontal ligament.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cattle; Chromatography, Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Lysine; Periodontal Ligament; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Radioimmunoassay | 1990 |
[Age estimation by amino acid racemization in teeth. A comparison of data for aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine].
Topics: Age Determination by Teeth; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Structure; Stereoisomerism | 1990 |
Selective uptake of neuroactive amino acids by both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in primary dissociated culture: a possible role for oligodendrocytes in neurotransmitter metabolism.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Autoradiography; Brain; Cells, Cultured; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oligodendroglia; Staining and Labeling; Taurine | 1986 |
Effect of pyrithiamine treatment and subsequent thiamine rehabilitation on regional cerebral amino acids and thiamine-dependent enzymes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Diseases; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Male; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrithiamine; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency | 1989 |
Effect of impact trauma on neurotransmitter and nonneurotransmitter amino acids in rat spinal cord.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Laminectomy; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Serine; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Taurine; Threonine | 1989 |
Spontaneous glutamate release by a "fibrous"-like cerebellar astroglial cell clone.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Astrocytes; Cerebellum; Clone Cells; Culture Media; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mice | 1989 |
Effects of adrenaline and prior exercise on the release of alanine, glutamine and glutamate from incubated rat skeletal muscle.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Epinephrine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycogen; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Physical Exertion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Transamination and oxidative decarboxylation of L-isoleucine, L-alloisoleucine and related 2-oxo acids in perfused rat hind limb muscle.
Topics: Alanine; Amination; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Decarboxylation; Dichloroacetic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Isoleucine; Male; Muscles; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereoisomerism | 1989 |
Sources of intramitochondrial malate.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Alanine; Animals; Glucagon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrocortisone; Malates; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Metabolism of 3H- and 14C-labeled glutamate, proline, and alanine in normal and adrenalectomized rats using different sites of tracer administration and sampling.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Alanine; Animals; Arteries; Body Composition; Carbon Radioisotopes; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrocortisone; Kinetics; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tritium; Veins | 1989 |
The determination of mass of metabolites with tracers.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arteries; Body Composition; Body Water; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chickens; Dogs; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Mathematics; Proline; Rabbits; Rats; Tritium; Veins | 1989 |
Pathways and regulation of ammoniagenesis by the LLC-PK1 cells in culture.
Topics: Alanine; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Ammonia; Animals; Antimetabolites; Cell Line; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isoxazoles; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney; Kinetics; Mitochondria; Models, Biological | 1989 |
Actions of excitatory amino acids on somatostatin release from cortical neurons in primary cultures.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1989 |
Incorporation of bacterial peptidoglycan constituents into macrophage lipids during phagocytosis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Bacillus subtilis; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Line; Cell Wall; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Macrophages; Mice; Peptidoglycan; Phagocytosis; Phospholipids; Tritium | 1989 |
Endocytosis and Na+/solute cotransport in renal epithelial cells.
Topics: Alanine; Biological Transport; Cell Line; Concanavalin A; Endocytosis; Epithelium; Gentamicins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Kidney; Kinetics; Phosphates; Potassium; Sodium; Sucrose | 1989 |
Stimulation of glutamine metabolism by the antiepileptic drug, sodium valproate, in isolated dog kidney tubules.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dogs; Female; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Kidney Tubules; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Valproic Acid | 1989 |
Site-specific alteration of Gly-24 in streptokinase: its effect on plasminogen activation.
Topics: Alanine; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Humans; Molecular Weight; Mutation; Plasminogen; Radioimmunoassay; Streptokinase; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1989 |
BOAA selectively enhances L-glutamate release from guinea pig hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dynorphins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Male; Peptide Fragments; Synaptosomes | 1989 |
Substitution of amino acids in helix F of bacteriorhodopsin: effects on the photochemical cycle.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Bacteriorhodopsins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Leucine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Phenylalanine; Photochemistry; Proline; Protons; Serine; Tryptophan | 1989 |
Substitution of membrane-embedded aspartic acids in bacteriorhodopsin causes specific changes in different steps of the photochemical cycle.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Bacteriorhodopsins; Cell Membrane; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lipid Bilayers; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Photochemistry | 1989 |
Enhanced cerebral substrate pools in the fetus and neonate of the diabetic canine mother.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cerebral Cortex; Dogs; Energy Metabolism; Female; Fetus; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Triglycerides | 1985 |
beta-N-Oxalylamino-L-alanine: action on high-affinity transport of neurotransmitters in rat brain and spinal cord synaptosomes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Aspartic Acid; beta-Alanine; Biological Transport, Active; Brain; Choline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Synaptosomes | 1985 |
In vivo studies on amino acid transmitters in the central auditory system of the guinea pig.
Topics: 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate; Acoustic Stimulation; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cochlear Nerve; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1985 |
Splanchnic substrate balance in malnourished patients during parenteral nutrition.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Cystine; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Lipids; Liver; Male; Mesentery; Nitrogen; Parenteral Nutrition; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein-Energy Malnutrition; Serine; Splanchnic Circulation; Threonine; Tyrosine | 1985 |
Assimilation of alpha-glutamyl-peptides by human erythrocytes. A possible means of glutamate supply for glutathione synthesis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport; Dipeptides; Erythrocytes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutathione; Hemolysis; Humans; Hydrolysis; In Vitro Techniques; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rabbits | 1985 |
Glutamine metabolism in isolated perfused rat liver. The transamination pathway.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cinnamates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Liver; Male; Methionine; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; Perfusion; Phenylpyruvic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transaminases; Urea | 1985 |
Synthesis and characterization of six sequential polypeptides containing tyrosine, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine by circular dichroism and difference spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Circular Dichroism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Peptides; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tyrosine | 1985 |
The effect of methioninesulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase, on the levels of amino acids in the intact and decorticated rat neostriatum.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Decortication; Corpus Striatum; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Methionine Sulfoximine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1985 |
Pathway of ammonium assimilation in Streptomyces venezuelae examined by amino acid analyses and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Sulfate; Anaerobiosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ketoglutaric Acids; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nitrogen Radioisotopes; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Species Specificity; Streptomyces | 1985 |
[Correction of contractile function and metabolism in canine ischemic myocardium due to exogenous glutamic acid].
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Oxygen Consumption | 1985 |
The metabolic response of the kidney to acute sodium lactate alkalosis.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Alkalosis; Animals; Dogs; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney; Kidney Cortex; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Muscles; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid | 1985 |
Biochemical response to chronic shortening in unloaded soleus muscles.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Alanine; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hindlimb; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Proteins; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Restraint, Physical | 1985 |
[Mechanisms of ammonia binding in the heart muscle].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1985 |
The digestion by cattle of silage-containing diets fed at two dry matter intakes. 2. Digestion of total amino acids and of D-alanine and D-glutamic acid.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animals; Bacteria; Cattle; Digestion; Eukaryota; Formaldehyde; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Nitrogen; Rumen; Silage | 1985 |
Transamination pathways influencing L-glutamine and L-glutamate oxidation by rat enterocyte mitochondria and the subcellular localization of L-alanine aminotransferase and L-aspartate aminotransferase.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Malates; Male; Mitochondria; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Subcellular Fractions | 1985 |
Determination of cysteinesulfinate, hypotaurine and taurine in physiological samples by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cysteine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; o-Phthalaldehyde; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Taurine | 1985 |
Function and metabolism of dog heart in ischemia and in subsequent reperfusion: effect of exogenous glutamic acid.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heart; Lactates; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Perfusion; Pyruvates | 1985 |
Cardiac metabolism and performance during L-glutamic acid infusion in postoperative cardiac failure.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Cardiac Output; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heart; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Lactates; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Postoperative Complications | 1986 |
[Effect of excitant amino acid antagonists on glutamate receptors in the locust and on convulsions induced by glutamate, aspartate, kynurenine and quinolinic acid in mice].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Grasshoppers; Kynurenine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Muscles; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures | 1986 |
Differential changes in the content of amino acid neurotransmitters in discrete regions of the rat brain prior to the onset and during the course of homocysteine-induced seizures.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; Hypothalamus; Inferior Colliculi; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Substantia Nigra; Taurine; Tissue Distribution | 1986 |
Sodium gradient-dependent L-glutamate transport is localized to the canalicular domain of liver plasma membranes. Studies in rat liver sinusoidal and canalicular membrane vesicles.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Membrane; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rats; Sodium; Substrate Specificity | 1986 |
Utilization of [15N]glutamate by cultured astrocytes.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intracellular Fluid; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rats | 1986 |
Muscle ammonia metabolism during isometric contraction in humans.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Ammonia; AMP Deaminase; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isometric Contraction; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscles | 1986 |
Phosphorylation of synthetic peptides by skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Chickens; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase; Oligopeptides; Protein Kinases; Rabbits; Threonine | 1986 |
Effect of metabolic acidosis on hindquarter glutamine and alanine release.
Topics: Acidosis; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Chronic Disease; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hindlimb; Kidney; Male; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regional Blood Flow | 1986 |
A single amino acid substitution in an ectopic alpha subunit of a human carcinoma choriogonadotropin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Circular Dichroism; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Pregnancy; Protein Conformation; Trophoblastic Neoplasms | 1986 |
Amino acid levels in the guinea pig spinal gray matter after axotomy of primary sensory and descending tracts.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Axons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Afferent; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots | 1986 |
Glutamic acid as a putative transmitter of the interhemispheric corticocortical connections in the rat.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Threonine | 1986 |
Altered plasma concentrations of glutamate, alanine and citrate in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction in man.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Citrates; Citric Acid; Digoxin; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Myocardial Infarction | 1986 |
Modulation of amino acid and 2-oxo acid pools in Trichomonas vaginalis by aspartate aminotransferase inhibitors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Culture Media; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxamic Acids; Leucine; Proline; Trichomonas vaginalis | 1986 |
Plasma branched-chain keto acids in burn patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Arteries; Burns; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hematocrit; Humans; Keto Acids; Male; Middle Aged; Veins | 1986 |
A postmortem study of amino acid neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Taurine | 1986 |
The acute effect of ammonium acetate on levels of amino acids in the intact and decorticated rat neostriatum.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Frontal Lobe; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
A quantitative analysis of the metabolic pathways of hepatic glucose synthesis in vivo with 13C-labeled substrates.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Alanine; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Biological; Rats | 1987 |
An anabolic state in the heart induced by arginine intubation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Ornithine; Perfusion; Phenylalanine; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats | 1987 |
Oxidation of glucose, ribose, alanine, and glutamate by Leishmania braziliensis panamensis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Leishmania; Leishmania braziliensis; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Ribose | 1987 |
Amino acid neurotransmitters in postmortem human brain analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Taurine; Tissue Distribution | 1987 |
Gut-liver interaction in glutamine homeostasis: portal ammonia role in uptake and metabolism.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carbonates; Citrulline; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Homeostasis; Liver; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
Cerebrospinal fluid amino acid concentrations in chronic schizophrenia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Chronic Disease; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia; Taurine | 1987 |
pH-dependent bilayer destabilization by an amphipathic peptide.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Cations, Divalent; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leucine; Lipid Bilayers; Peptides; Phosphatidylcholines; Protein Conformation | 1987 |
Ammonia assimilation in Bacillus polymyxa. 15N NMR and enzymatic studies.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Dehydrogenase; Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Ammonia; Bacillus; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; NADP; Nitrates; Nitrogen Fixation | 1987 |
Ischemic heart arrest: nitrogenous metabolism in energy-depleted human myocardium.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Ammonia; Aspartic Acid; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest, Induced; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular; Humans; Myocardium; Nitrogen; Tetralogy of Fallot | 1987 |
Renal handling of taurine, L-alanine, L-glutamate and D-glucose in Opsanus tau: studies on isolated brush border membrane vesicles.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anions; Biological Transport; Fishes; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kidney; Kinetics; Microvilli; Sodium; Taurine | 1987 |
Significance of the alanine aminotransferase reaction in the formation of alpha-ketoglutarate in rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Citrates; Citric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Malates; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxaloacetates; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Specificity of tyrosine protein kinases of the structurally related receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I: Tyr-containing synthetic polymers as specific inhibitors or substrates.
Topics: Alanine; Biopolymers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Phosphorylation; Placenta; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Insulin; Receptors, Somatomedin; Somatomedins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Tyrosine | 1988 |
Glutamine and ketone-body metabolism in the gut of streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cell Separation; Colon; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Ketone Bodies; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regional Blood Flow | 1988 |
Metabolism of the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and related amino acids in ischemic guinea pig heart.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Coronary Disease; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Perfusion; Phosphocreatine | 1987 |
Glutamine metabolism in isolated incubated adipocytes of the rat.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Insulin; Isoproterenol; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Zucker; Triglycerides | 1988 |
Utilization of the synthetic phosphagen cyclocreatine phosphate by a simple brain model during stimulation by neuroexcitatory amino acids.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Chick Embryo; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Homocysteine; Imidazolidines; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Phosphocreatine | 1988 |
Changes in the content of glutamate and GABA in the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres of the Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) mutant.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cerebellum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Nerve Degeneration; Purkinje Cells; Reference Values | 1988 |
GABA transaminase inhibitors enhance the release of endogenous GABA but decrease the release of beta-alanine evoked by electrical stimulation of slices of the rat medulla oblongata.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Alanine; Alkynes; Aminocaproates; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; beta-Alanine; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Ca2+-dependent activation of the malate-aspartate shuttle by norepinephrine and vasopressin in perfused rat liver.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Calcimycin; Calcium; Ethanol; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Malates; Male; Norepinephrine; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sorbitol; Vasopressins | 1988 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of Petunia hybrida 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase: Lys-23 is essential for substrate binding.
Topics: 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; Alanine; Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Arginine; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Lysine; Mutation; Phosphoenolpyruvate; Plants; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Shikimic Acid; Transferases | 1988 |
[Preventive effects of L-alanine and L-glutamic acid on acute toxicity of acetaldehyde in mice].
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Alanine; Animals; Catecholamines; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Myocardium | 1988 |
Short-term metabolic fate of 13N-labeled glutamate, alanine, and glutamine(amide) in rat liver.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Veins; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Radioisotopes; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transaminases; Urea | 1988 |
The amino acid sequence of bovine thymus prothymosin alpha.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cattle; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors; Rats; Serine; Species Specificity; Thymosin; Thymus Gland | 1988 |
Pathways for organic osmolyte synthesis in rabbit renal papillary tissue, a metabolic study using 13C-labeled substrates.
Topics: Alanine; Aldehyde Reductase; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Glycolysis; Inositol; Kidney Medulla; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rabbits; Sorbitol | 1988 |
On the measurement of lactate turnover in humans.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lactates; Mathematics; Models, Biological | 1988 |
In vivo metabolism of nitrogen precursors for urea synthesis in the postprandial rat.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Food; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney; Liver; Male; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rats; Urea | 1988 |
The effect of ketone bodies on alanine and glutamine metabolism in isolated skeletal muscle from the fasted chick.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chickens; Fasting; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Fluid; Ketone Bodies; Muscles; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid | 1988 |
Assessment of effects of amino acids and branched chain keto acids on leucine oxidation in human lymphocytes.
Topics: 3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide); Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Isoleucine; Keto Acids; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Leucine; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Multienzyme Complexes; Oxidation-Reduction; Valine | 1988 |
Measurement of the transfer of the nitrogen moiety of intestinal lumen glutamic acid in man after oral ingestion of l-[15N]glutamic acid.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Nitrogen | 1988 |
Studies on the role of the liver and splanchnic tissues in the production of carbohydrate intolerance in uremia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Kinetics; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Nephrectomy; Portal Vein; Rats; Uremia | 1981 |
Lysozyme digestion and chemical characterization of the peptidoglycan of Fusobacterium nucleatum Fev 1.
Topics: Alanine; Bacteroidaceae; Borohydrides; Dinitrophenols; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycopeptides; Hydrazines; Muramidase; Peptidoglycan | 1981 |
Transamination and asymmetry in glutamate transport across the basolateral membrane of frog small intestine.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Basement Membrane; Biological Transport; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intestine, Small; Kinetics; Rana ridibunda | 1981 |
Novel peptidoglycans in Caulobacter and Asticcacaulis spp.
Topics: Alanine; Bacteria; Cell Wall; Diaminopimelic Acid; Glucosamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Muramic Acids; Peptidoglycan; Species Specificity | 1982 |
The topographical distribution of alanine, aspartate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, glutamine, and glycine in the pigeon optic tectum and the effect of retinal ablation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Columbidae; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Male; Optic Nerve; Retina; Superior Colliculi; Taurine | 1982 |
Ammonia assimilation and synthesis of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate in Methanosarcina barkeri and Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Dehydrogenase; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Aspartic Acid; Euryarchaeota; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid | 1982 |
Involvement of amino acids in periodic inhibitions of bulbar respiratory neurones.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Cats; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Medulla Oblongata; Methylene Blue; Muscimol; Neurons; Nipecotic Acids; Oxygen Consumption; Picrotoxin; Strychnine | 1982 |
Relationships between amino acid catabolism and protein anabolism in the ruminant.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cattle; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Liver; Muscles; Proteins; Sheep | 1982 |
In vitro release of endogenous beta-alanine, GABA, and glutamate, and electrophysiological effect of beta-alanine in pigeon optic tectum.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; beta-Alanine; Calcium; Columbidae; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Potassium; Strychnine; Superior Colliculi; Tetrodotoxin; Veratrine | 1982 |
Sleep-promoting factor isolated.
Topics: Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; Alanine; Animals; Cats; Diaminopimelic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycopeptides; Humans; Intestines; Muramic Acids; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Rabbits; Rats; Sleep | 1982 |
Estimation of monosaccharide radioactivity in biological samples through osazone derivatization.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chickens; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Monosaccharides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1982 |
Roles of cysteine sulfinate and transaminase on in vitro dark reversion of urocanase in Pseudomonas putida.
Topics: Alanine; Cysteine; Darkness; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydro-Lyases; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pseudomonas; Taurine; Transaminases; Ultraviolet Rays; Urocanate Hydratase | 1982 |
A unit density method of grain analysis used to identify GABAergic neurons for electron microscopic autoradiographs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Autoradiography; Cerebellum; Culture Techniques; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Rats; Synapses | 1982 |
Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan synthesis in Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cytoplasm; Diaminopimelic Acid; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexosyltransferases; Kinetics; Multienzyme Complexes; Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; Penicillin-Binding Proteins; Peptidoglycan; Peptidyl Transferases | 1982 |
Effect of the nitrogen source on glutamine and alanine biosynthesis in Neurospora crassa. An in vivo 15N nuclear magnetic resonance study.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes | 1982 |
On the uptake of nystatin by saccharomyces cerevisiae. 5 The release of amino acids.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Calcium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nystatin; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Serine; Sterols; Temperature | 1982 |
Peptidoglycan of Legionella pneumophila: apparent resistance to lysozyme hydrolysis correlates with a high degree of peptide cross-linking.
Topics: Alanine; Cell Wall; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Legionella; Muramidase; Peptidoglycan; Sodium Hydroxide | 1983 |
May enzyme activity in urine play a role in kidney stone formation?
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Calcium Oxalate; Chemical Precipitation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kidney Calculi | 1982 |
Myocardial exchanges of glutamate, alanine and citrate in controls and patients with coronary artery disease.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Citrates; Citric Acid; Coronary Disease; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium | 1983 |
Pyruvate kinase and alanine synthesis in skeletal muscle.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Diaphragm; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Muscles; Phenylalanine; Pyruvate Kinase; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Starvation | 1982 |
Role of pyruvate carboxylation in the energy-linked regulation of pool sizes of tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates in the myocardium.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicarbonates; Citrates; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kinetics; Malates; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardium; Potassium Chloride; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1982 |
Development of neurotransmitter parameters in lateral geniculate body, superior colliculus and visual cortex of the albino rat.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Differentiation; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Superior Colliculi; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways | 1983 |
The influence of total hepatectomy on cerebral energy state, ammonia-related amino acids of the brain and plasma amino acids in the rat.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatectomy; Male; Rats | 1983 |
14C-labeled metabolites in heterocysts and vegetative cells of Anabaena cylindrica filaments and their presumptive function as transport vehicles of organic carbon and nitrogen.
Topics: Alanine; Biological Transport, Active; Buffers; Carbon; Cyanobacteria; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Monosaccharides; Nitrogen | 1983 |
Lactate, alanine and glutamine metabolism in isolated canine pup liver cells.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Dogs; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1983 |
[Compartmentalization of metabolism of spatially-delimiting amino acid pools of yeast cells].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Candida; Cell Compartmentation; Cytoplasm; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mitochondria; Organoids; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vacuoles; Valine | 1983 |
Amino acids in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat--collection in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Evoked Potentials, Visual; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Synaptic Transmission; Taurine; Visual Pathways | 1983 |
Interstrain conservation of the murine GAT-specific antibody V kappa repertoire as analyzed at the germline gene level.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; Genes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hybridomas; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; Immunoglobulin Light Chains; Immunoglobulin Variable Region; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; RNA, Messenger; Species Specificity; Tyrosine | 1983 |
Effect of meal components on peripheral and portal plasma glutamate levels in young pigs administered large doses of monosodium-L-glutamate.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cellobiose; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Male; Portal Vein; Sodium Glutamate; Swine; Venae Cavae | 1984 |
Metabolism of amino acids in Ascaridia galli: transamination.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acids; Animals; Ascaridia; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Cytosol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Male; Mitochondria | 1983 |
Ammonia inhibits protein synthesis in slices from young rat brain.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats | 1984 |
Study of the relationship between free amino acids and cataract in human lenses.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Cataract; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Leucine; Middle Aged; Serine; Threonine | 1984 |
Metabolism of the glutamate group of amino acids in rat brain as a function of age.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Energy Metabolism; Enzymes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Neurotransmitter amino acids in the CNS. I. Regional changes in amino acid levels in rat brain during ischemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission; Taurine | 1984 |
Amino acid transport by synaptosomes isolated from post mortem human brain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Oxygen Consumption; Postmortem Changes; Synaptosomes; Veratrine | 1984 |
Brain lactate and alanine-glutamate ratios during and after asphyxia in rats.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Asphyxia; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration, Artificial; Resuscitation; Time Factors | 1984 |
Ox liver glutamate dehydrogenase. The use of chemical modification to study the relationship between catalytic sites for different amino acid substrates and the question of kinetic non-equivalence of the subunits.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Leucine; Liver; Pyridoxal Phosphate | 1984 |
Symmetrical distribution of amino acid neurotransmitters in the right and left cerebral cortex of the rat.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Threonine; Tissue Distribution | 1984 |
Homonuclear 1H double-resonance difference spectroscopy of the rat brain in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Postmortem Changes; Radiography; Rats; Taurine | 1984 |
Amino acid oxidation and alanine production in rat hemidiaphragm in vitro. Effects of dichloroacetate.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Diaphragm; Dichloroacetic Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscles; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Starvation | 1984 |
Mitochondrial compartmentation of metabolic CO2 resulting from its site of origin in relation to urea synthesis.
Topics: Acetazolamide; Alanine; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Cell Compartmentation; Dichloroacetic Acid; Formates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Pyruvates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urea | 1984 |
Profile of amino acid synthesis in rat hippocampus during push-pull perfusion of ethanol or morphine.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor interactions of a novel alpha-phosphinic acid analogue of alpha-methylaspartic acid.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alanine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Electroshock; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Synaptosomes | 1984 |
The role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in muscle alanine synthesis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscles; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP); Picolinic Acids; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Starvation; Substrate Specificity | 1984 |
[Conformation study, using an empirical atom-atom potential, of biologically active amino acids as neurotransmitters].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Conformation; Neurotransmitter Agents; Structure-Activity Relationship; Taurine | 1984 |
A new gamma chain variant: Hb F-Pordenone [gamma 6(A3) Glu replaced by Gln: 75ILE: 136ALA].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Fetal Hemoglobin; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Humans; Isoleucine; Italy; Male | 1982 |
Decreased cysteine and proline synthesis in parenterally fed, premature infants.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Cysteine; Electrolytes; Energy Intake; Female; Food, Formulated; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gestational Age; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Infant Food; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Lipids; Male; Parenteral Nutrition; Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; Proline; Serine; Solutions | 1995 |
Mass and positional isotopomer analysis of glucose metabolism in periportal and pericentral hepatocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Digitonin; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Isotope Labeling; Kinetics; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Male; Mathematics; Models, Theoretical; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
NMDA receptor channels: subunit-specific potentiation by reducing agents.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Cysteine; Dithiothreitol; Drug Synergism; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Humans; Ion Channels; Kidney; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Serine; Transfection | 1994 |
Cloning of a putative inhibitory amino acid receptor subunit from the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Conserved Sequence; DNA Primers; DNA, Complementary; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Haemonchus; Invertebrates; Ion Channels; Macromolecular Substances; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Sequence Data; Oocytes; Ovum; Receptors, Amino Acid; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Taurine; Vertebrates; Xenopus | 1994 |
A missense mutation in the rod domain of keratin 14 associated with recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Cells, Cultured; Conserved Sequence; DNA Primers; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Female; Genes, Dominant; Genes, Recessive; Genetic Linkage; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Keratinocytes; Keratins; Macromolecular Substances; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Structure, Secondary; Skin | 1993 |
The effect of a hyposmotic shock on amino acid efflux from lactating rat mammary tissue: stimulation of taurine and glycine efflux via a pathway distinct from anion exchange and volume-activated anion channels.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Alanine; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Animals; Anions; Biological Transport; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Intracellular Fluid; Iodides; Ion Channels; Ion Exchange; Lactation; Male; Mammary Glands, Animal; Niflumic Acid; Osmotic Pressure; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine | 1994 |
Inhibitory and excitatory amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid of neurolathyrism patients, a highly prevalent motorneurone disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Eating; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fabaceae; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Isoleucine; Middle Aged; Motor Neuron Disease; Neurotoxins; Plants, Medicinal; Taurine; Threonine | 1995 |
Ca2+ channel selectivity at a single locus for high-affinity Ca2+ interactions.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cations, Divalent; Electrochemistry; Electrophysiology; Female; Gene Transfer Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mutagenesis; Myocardium; Oocytes; Point Mutation; Rabbits; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus laevis | 1995 |
Leucine affects the metabolism of valine by isolated perfused rat hearts: relation to branched-chain amino acid antagonism.
Topics: 3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide); Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Leucine; Male; Multienzyme Complexes; Myocardium; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Transaminases; Valine | 1995 |
L-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid competitively antagonizes metabotropic glutamate receptors 1 alpha and 5 in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Oocytes; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Xenopus laevis | 1995 |
Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates during incremental exercise in healthy subjects and in patients with McArdle's disease.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Citrates; Citric Acid Cycle; Exercise; Female; Fumarates; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Storage Disease Type V; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Malates; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Phosphocreatine | 1995 |
Astroglial phosphoinositide hydrolysis during combined glucose-oxygen deprivation: role of the metabotropic glutamate receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Benzoates; Cells, Cultured; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrolysis; Inositol Phosphates; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lithium Chloride; Oxygen; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tritium | 1995 |
Age-dependent neurotoxicity of striatal lesions produced by aminooxyacetic acid: quantitative in vitro 1H NMR spectroscopic studies.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Corpus Striatum; Creatine; Energy Metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mitochondria; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
Amyloid precursor protein processing is stimulated by metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cell Line; Chelating Agents; Cycloleucine; Embryo, Mammalian; Fetus; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Indoles; Kidney; Kinetics; Maleimides; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Neurotoxins; PC12 Cells; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Protein Kinase C; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Pyrimidines; Quinacrine; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1995 |
Removal of feedback inhibition of delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, a bifunctional enzyme catalyzing the first two steps of proline biosynthesis in plants.
Topics: 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Blotting, Western; Chromatography; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Gel; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Durapatite; Escherichia coli; Feedback; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; Phenylalanine; Plants; Point Mutation; Proline; Recombinant Proteins | 1995 |
Effects of different amino acids on the electrical characteristics of pharmaceutical polymers.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Electrophoresis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Polymers; Threonine | 1995 |
The interaction of glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli with substrate analogues modified at C-3 and C-4.
Topics: Alanine; Decarboxylation; Escherichia coli; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Spectrophotometry; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 1995 |
Uptake and receptor sites for glycine in isolated bovine adrenal medulla chromaffin cells.
Topics: Acetamides; Adrenal Medulla; Alanine; Animals; beta-Alanine; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Choline; Cysteine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Ouabain; Receptors, Glycine; Sarcosine; Sodium; Strychnine; Taurine; Temperature | 1993 |
Major contribution of a carboxymethyl group to transition-state stabilization by cytidine deaminase: mutation and rescue.
Topics: Alanine; Cytidine; Cytidine Deaminase; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli; Formates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Recombinant Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Uridine | 1995 |
Glu-50 in the catalytic chain of Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase plays a crucial role in the stability of the R quaternary structure.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Allosteric Site; Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase; Aspartic Acid; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Nucleotides; Phosphonoacetic Acid; Point Mutation; Protein Conformation; Scattering, Radiation; Succinates; Succinic Acid; X-Rays | 1994 |
Metabolite flux across portal-drained viscera, liver, and hindquarters of hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic beef steers.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport; Body Weight; Cattle; Glucose; Glucose Clamp Technique; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin; Liver; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Portal Vein; Random Allocation; Viscera | 1994 |
A study of the uptake of glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine and beta-alanine in synaptic brain vesicles from fish and avians.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chick Embryo; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Magnesium; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Synaptic Vesicles; Temperature | 1995 |
Prothrombin Frankfurt: a dysfunctional prothrombin characterized by substitution of Glu-466 by Ala.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Base Sequence; Exons; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Pedigree; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; Prothrombin; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 1995 |
Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis of EF-hand domain of phospholipase C-delta 1: effects on its activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; CHO Cells; Cloning, Molecular; Cricetinae; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Isoenzymes; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Point Mutation; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Deletion; Transfection | 1995 |
Nucleoside 2-deoxyribosyltransferase. Pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of native enzyme and mutant enzyme with an alanyl residue replacing Glu-98.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Deoxyadenosines; Deoxyuridine; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mutation; Pentosyltransferases; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thymidine | 1995 |
Characterization and pH dependence of L-glutamate transport in sarcolemmal vesicles from rat hearts.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Fractionation; Cysteic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Myocardium; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Sarcolemma; Sodium; Substrate Specificity; Sucrose | 1995 |
1H-2H exchange in the perfused rat liver metabolizing [3-13C]alanine and 2H2O as detected by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Deuterium; Deuterium Oxide; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1994 |
Comparative NMR study of a differentiated rat hepatoma and its dedifferentiated subclone cultured as spheroids and as implanted tumors.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neoplasm Transplantation; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Cell-mediated catabolism of aggrecan. Evidence that cleavage at the "aggrecanase" site (Glu373-Ala374) is a primary event in proteolysis of the interglobular domain.
Topics: Aggrecans; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Chondrosarcoma; Endopeptidases; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Immune Sera; Lectins, C-Type; Molecular Sequence Data; Proteoglycans; Rats; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1995 |
Size-related colocalization of glycine and glutamate immunoreactivity in frog and rat vestibular afferents.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons, Afferent; Rana pipiens; Rats; Tissue Distribution; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1994 |
Dietary arginine deficiency and gut ammonium infusion alter flux of urea cycle intermediates across the portal-drained viscera of pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Citrulline; Diet; Digestive System; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lysine; Ornithine; Portal Vein; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Regional Blood Flow; Swine; Urea; Viscera | 1995 |
Effect of luminal administration of glutamine to suppress preservation graft injury in small bowel transplants.
Topics: Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cell Survival; Dogs; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intestinal Mucosa; Isotonic Solutions; Jejunum; Organ Preservation; Perfusion; Protein Biosynthesis; Ringer's Lactate; Sucrase | 1995 |
Metabolic flux determination in C6 glioma cells using carbon-13 distribution upon [1-13C]glucose incubation.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Glioma; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Malate Dehydrogenase; Mathematics; Models, Biological; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Perchlorates; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Isotopomer studies of gluconeogenesis and the Krebs cycle with 13C-labeled lactate.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Isotope Labeling; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Oxaloacetates; Phosphoenolpyruvate; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Effects of the mutations Glu22 to Gln and Ala21 to Gly on the aggregation of a synthetic fragment of the Alzheimer's amyloid beta/A4 peptide.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Sequence; Amyloid; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation | 1993 |
Metabolic assessment of a neuron-enriched fraction of rat cerebrum using high-resolution 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Radioisotopes; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Rats | 1993 |
Second-site mutation of Ala-220 to Glu or Asp suppresses the mutation of Asp-285 to Asn in the transposon Tn10-encoded metal-tetracycline/H+ antiporter of Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Antiporters; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Biological Transport; DNA Transposable Elements; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmids; Protein Structure, Secondary; Repressor Proteins; Suppression, Genetic; Tetracycline | 1993 |
Changes in evoked potentials and amino acid content during fluorocitrate action studied in rat hippocampal cortex.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Citrates; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Taurine; Time Factors | 1993 |
Participation of aspartic acid and pyrroloquinoline quinone in vitamin B12 production in Klebsiella pneumoniae IFO 13541.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Culture Media; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Oxidoreductases; PQQ Cofactor; Quinolones; Valine; Vitamin B 12 | 1993 |
Electrostatic activation of rat phenylalanine hydroxylase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; DNA; Electrochemistry; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Restriction Mapping; Serine | 1994 |
Activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphorylation of intermediate filament proteins by stimulation of glutamate receptors in cultured rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Ionomycin; Molecular Weight; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vimentin | 1994 |
Kinetics of the reduction of cytochrome b5 with mutations in its membrane-binding domain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cloning, Molecular; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Cytochromes b5; Genes, Synthetic; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Point Mutation; Proline; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Spectrophotometry | 1994 |
Crystallographic study of Glu58Ala RNase T1 x 2'-guanosine monophosphate at 1.9-A resolution.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Cations; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine Monophosphate; Hydrogen Bonding; Molecular Structure; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Ribonuclease T1; Water | 1994 |
Replacement of catalytic histidine-195 of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase: evidence for a general base role for glutamate.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Catalysis; Chloramphenicol; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; Codon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Molecular Structure; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed | 1994 |
Regulation of ammonium ion assimilation enzymes in Neurospora crassa nit-2 and ms-5 mutant strains.
Topics: Alanine; Carbon; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mutation; Neurospora crassa; Nitrogen; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | 1993 |
Rapid desensitization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor that facilitates glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Diglycerides; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Endings; Pertussis Toxin; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
Potentiating and depressant effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists on high-voltage-activated calcium currents in cultured retinal ganglion neurons from postnatal mice.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cycloleucine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Fluid; Mice; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Organophosphorus Compounds; Peptides; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1994 |
Cerebral alanine transport and alanine aminotransferase reaction: alanine as a source of neuronal glutamate.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Calcium; Cytosol; Fura-2; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Isotope Labeling; Kinetics; Male; Neurons; Nitrogen Isotopes; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Synaptosomes | 1994 |
Intestinal glutamine and ammonia metabolism during chronic hyperammonaemia induced by liver insufficiency.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Bile Ducts; Blood Flow Velocity; Body Weight; Chronic Disease; Citrulline; Diet; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Jejunum; Ligation; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Portal System; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
A proposed model of bradykinin bound to the rat B2 receptor and its utility for drug design.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bradykinin; Cell Membrane; Computer Simulation; Drug Design; Electrochemistry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Point Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Receptors, Bradykinin; Thermodynamics | 1994 |
Stimulation of postsynaptic and inhibition of presynaptic adenylyl cyclase activity by metabotropic glutamate receptor activation.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Adenylyl Cyclases; Alanine; Animals; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1994 |
Activation of MAP kinase kinase is necessary and sufficient for PC12 differentiation and for transformation of NIH 3T3 cells.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Alanine; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Culture Media, Serum-Free; DNA; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Mutation; Neurites; Neurons; PC12 Cells; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Serine; Signal Transduction | 1994 |
High-resolution 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of pediatric posterior fossa tumors in vitro.
Topics: Adolescent; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellar Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Choline; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Medulloblastoma; Neuroectodermal Tumors; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Valine | 1994 |
Alteration in oxidative metabolism of alanine in cerebellar granule cell cultures as a consequence of the development of the ability to utilize alanine as an amino group donor for synthesis of transmitter glutamate.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Mice; Neurons; Ouabain; Oxidation-Reduction | 1994 |
The effects of L-glutamate and trans-(+-)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylate on phosphoinositide hydrolysis can be pharmacologically differentiated.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Brain; Cerebellum; Cycloleucine; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hydrolysis; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; Neurotoxins; Phosphatidylinositols; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Stereoisomerism | 1994 |
Dietary citrulline but not ornithine counteracts dietary arginine deficiency in rats by increasing splanchnic release of citrulline.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Blood Flow Velocity; Body Weight; Citrulline; Creatinine; Diet; Food; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Ornithine; Orotic Acid; Proline; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Splanchnic Circulation; Urea | 1994 |
Internalization of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor is mediated by both phospholipase C-dependent and -independent processes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Arginine; Bombesin; Cell Line; Cricetinae; DNA, Complementary; Enzyme Activation; Fibroblasts; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Inositol Phosphates; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Neurokinin B; Peptides; Rats; Receptors, Bombesin; Sequence Alignment; Transfection; Type C Phospholipases | 1994 |
Molecular mechanism for familial protein C deficiency and thrombosis in protein CVermont (Glu20-->Ala and Val34-->Met).
Topics: Alanine; Base Sequence; DNA Primers; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Methionine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein C; Protein C Deficiency; Thrombosis; Valine | 1994 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in the control of breathing at the medulla oblongata level of anaesthetized rats.
Topics: Alanine; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cycloleucine; Glutamic Acid; Injections; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Respiratory Mechanics; Solitary Nucleus | 1994 |
The cooperative binding of chromosomal protein HMG-14 to nucleosome cores is reduced by single point mutations in the nucleosomal binding domain.
Topics: Alanine; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Cysteine; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; High Mobility Group Proteins; Humans; Iodoacetamide; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nucleosomes; Point Mutation; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfhydryl Compounds | 1994 |
An assessment of progression of brain edema with amino acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid and changes in electroencephalogram in an adult cat model of cold brain injury.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cats; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Freezing; Glutamic Acid; Methionine; Motor Cortex; Phenylalanine; Serine; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine; Valine | 1994 |
Re-evaluation of conditions required for measurement of true alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase activity in human liver: implications for the diagnosis of hyperoxaluria type I.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Cross Reactions; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Immune Sera; Immunoblotting; Liver; Precipitin Tests; Substrate Specificity; Tissue Preservation; Transaminases | 1994 |
Engineering the S2 subsite specificity of human cathepsin S to a cathepsin L- and cathepsin B-like specificity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Cathepsin B; Cathepsin L; Cathepsins; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Endopeptidases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Leucine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Phenylalanine; Recombinant Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Valine | 1994 |
Residue lysine-34 in GroES modulates allosteric transitions in GroEL.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Allosteric Site; Base Sequence; Chaperonin 10; Chaperonin 60; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Potassium Chloride; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics | 1994 |
The effects of oxygen on fermentation in Giardia lamblia.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carbon; Fermentation; Giardia lamblia; Glucose; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen | 1993 |
Pharmacology of metabotropic glutamate receptor inhibition of cyclic AMP formation in the adult rat hippocampus.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Cycloleucine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Substitution of glutamic acid for alanine 1135 in the putative "catalytic loop" of the tyrosine kinase domain of the human insulin receptor. A mutation that impairs proteolytic processing into subunits and inhibits receptor tyrosine kinase activity.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Adult; Alanine; Alleles; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Codon; Endocytosis; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Kinetics; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Kinases; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Insulin; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transfection | 1993 |
Evidence using in vivo microdialysis that aminotransferase activities are important in the regulation of the pools of transmitter amino acids.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dialysis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Neostriatum; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Transaminases | 1993 |
Pharmacological characterization of metabotropic glutamate receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Cycloleucine; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Phosphatidylinositols; Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Glucocorticoid regulation of splanchnic glutamine, alanine, glutamate, ammonia, and glutathione fluxes.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; DNA Probes; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Glutathione; Liposomes; Liver; Male; Proteolipids; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Regional Blood Flow; RNA, Messenger; Splanchnic Circulation; Triamcinolone | 1993 |
Osmotic adaptation of renal medullary cells during transition from chronic diuresis to antidiuresis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cryoultramicrotomy; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Diuresis; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Furosemide; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kidney Medulla; Male; Methylamines; Osmosis; Polymers; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Taurine; Urea | 1993 |
Effect of anoxia on excitatory amino acids in brain slices of rats and turtles: in vitro microdialysis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Stem; Dialysis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hypoxia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Turtles | 1993 |
Changes in the brain levels of GABA and related amino acids in anoxic shore crab (Carcinus maenas).
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brachyura; Brain Chemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Taurine | 1993 |
Glycerol 3-phosphate and lactate as indicators of the cerebral cytoplasmic redox state in severe and mild hypoxia respectively: a 13C- and 31P-n.m.r. study.
Topics: Acetates; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Cerebral Cortex; Cytoplasm; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerophosphates; Hypoxia, Brain; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphocreatine | 1993 |
The plasma amino acid response to cafeteria feeding and essential-amino acid gavage in weaning rats.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Essential; Animals; Cysteine; Diet; Female; Food Services; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hydroxyproline; Methionine; Ornithine; Proline; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
Metabolic fate of alanine in an insect Manduca sexta: effects of starvation and parasitism.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Larva; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Biological; Moths; Starvation | 1993 |
Polymorphism of human complement component C6: an amino acid substitution (Glu/Ala) within the second thrombospondin repeat differentiates between the two common allotypes C6 A and C6 B.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cloning, Molecular; Complement C6; Genotype; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Isoelectric Focusing; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Recombinant Proteins; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Thrombospondins | 1993 |
A newly recognized point mutation in the cytochrome b558 heavy chain gene replacing alanine57 by glutamic acid, in a patient with cytochrome b positive X-linked chronic granulomatous disease.
Topics: Alanine; Child; Cytochrome b Group; Genetic Linkage; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic; Humans; Male; Molecular Biology; NADPH Oxidases; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; X Chromosome | 1993 |
Effects of amino acids on substrate selection, anaplerosis, and left ventricular function in the ischemic reperfused rat heart.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Steady-state kinetics and analysis of pH dependence on wild-type and a modified allosteric Pseudomonas aeruginosa ornithine carbamoyltransferase containing the replacement of glutamate 105 by alanine.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Mutation; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Substrate Specificity | 1993 |
Partial functional mapping of the human interleukin-8 type A receptor. Identification of a major ligand binding domain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arginine; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Conserved Sequence; Escherichia coli; Flow Cytometry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interleukin-8; Kidney; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Mapping; Protein Structure, Secondary; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Interleukin-8A; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection | 1993 |
Mechanism of the enhanced intrinsic activity of single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator during ongoing fibrinolysis.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Cell Line; Enzyme Activation; Fibrin; Fibrinolysis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasminogen; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Solutions; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator | 1993 |
Myocardial loss of glutamate after cold chemical cardioplegia and storage in isolated blood-perfused pig hearts.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Citrates; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hemodynamics; Lactates; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Organ Preservation; Reperfusion; Swine; Ventricular Function, Left | 1993 |
Binding of magnesium in a mutant Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase changes the rate-determining step in the reaction mechanism.
Topics: Alanine; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nitrophenols; Organophosphorus Compounds; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Zinc | 1993 |
A survey of a functional amino acid of class C beta-lactamase corresponding to Glu166 of class A beta-lactamases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; beta-Lactamases; DNA Primers; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid | 1993 |
Amino acid flux across the gastrointestinal tract and liver of calves.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Cattle; Digestive System; Erythrocytes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Veins; Liver; Male; Peptides; Portal Vein | 1993 |
Site-specific and compensatory mutations imply unexpected pathways for proton delivery to the QB binding site of the photosynthetic reaction center.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Benzoquinones; Binding Sites; Electron Transport; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Protein Conformation; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Spectrophotometry | 1993 |
Exogenous glutamate concentration regulates the metabolic fate of glutamate in astrocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cell Compartmentation; Cells, Cultured; Citric Acid Cycle; Culture Media, Conditioned; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats | 1996 |
A study of the nephrotoxicity of three cephalosporins in rabbits using 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cefoperazone; Cephaloridine; Cephalosporins; Cephalothin; Citrates; Citric Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycosuria; Hippurates; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rabbits; Urinalysis | 1995 |
Interactions between ruminal degradable nitrogen intake and in vitro addition of substrates on patterns of amino acid metabolism in isolated ovine hepatocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Female; Fermentation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Nitrogen; Oxygen Consumption; Propionates; Rumen; Sheep | 1996 |
Modulation of adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation via metabotropic glutamate receptors in chick optic tectum.
Topics: Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Chickens; Cyclic AMP; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Superior Colliculi | 1995 |
Neuroendocrine control of osmotic regulation in the freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann) (Crustacea, decapoda): free amino acid concentrations in the hemolymph.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hemolymph; Leucine; Neurosecretory Systems; Optic Nerve; Palaemonidae; Thoracic Nerves; Valine; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1995 |
Alanine transport across the human placental brush border membrane and the role of SH groups in carrier function.
Topics: 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate; Alanine; Biological Transport; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Leucine; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Microvilli; Placenta; Pregnancy; Sodium Chloride; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1995 |
Uncoupling of GTP binding from target stimulation by a single mutation in the transducin alpha subunit.
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Alanine; Animals; Base Sequence; Cattle; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Guanosine Diphosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rhodopsin; Transducin | 1996 |
Retarded and aberrant splicings caused by single exon mutation in a phosphoglycerate kinase variant.
Topics: Adolescent; Alanine; Alternative Splicing; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Codon; DNA Primers; Exons; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Introns; Lymphocytes; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Phosphoglycerate Kinase; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhabdomyolysis; RNA, Messenger | 1996 |
Glutamate-independent long term depression in rat hippocampus by activation GABAA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Cycloleucine; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Muscimol; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A | 1996 |
Selective screening of a large phage display library of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 mutants to localize interaction sites with either thrombin or the variable region 1 of tissue-type plasminogen activator.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacteriophages; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Databases, Factual; DNA, Complementary; Escherichia coli; Gene Library; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Melanoma; Methionine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Point Mutation; Restriction Mapping; Thrombin; Tissue Plasminogen Activator | 1996 |
Oxidative stress, hypoxia, and ischemia-like conditions increase the release of endogenous amino acids by distinct mechanisms in cultured retinal cells.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Ascorbic Acid; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Iron; Membrane Potentials; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Retina; Taurine; Tritium | 1996 |
Functional studies and polymerization of recombinant hemoglobin Glu-alpha2beta26(A3) --> Val/Glu-7(A4) --> Ala.
Topics: Alanine; Computer Graphics; Globins; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobin A; Hemoglobin, Sickle; Hemoglobins; Humans; Isoelectric Focusing; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxyhemoglobins; Point Mutation; Protein Conformation; Valine | 1996 |
Point mutations characterize KEL10, the KEL3, KEL4, and KEL21 alleles, and the KEL17 and KEL11 alleles.
Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; Base Sequence; Codon; DNA; Exons; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Kell Blood-Group System; Molecular Sequence Data; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tryptophan; Valine | 1996 |
Structure and critical residues at the active site of spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Arginine; Binding Sites; Chlorocebus aethiops; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmids; Point Mutation; Protein Biosynthesis; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection | 1996 |
Salmonella typhimurium apparently perceives external nitrogen limitation as internal glutamine limitation.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mutation; Nitrogen; Nucleotidyltransferases; PII Nitrogen Regulatory Proteins; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Salmonella typhimurium | 1996 |
Glucose metabolism distal to a critical coronary stenosis in a canine model of low-flow myocardial ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Endocardium; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Pericardium; Regional Blood Flow | 1996 |
Evidence that residues exposed on the three-fold channels have active roles in the mechanism of ferritin iron incorporation.
Topics: Alanine; Apoferritins; Aspartic Acid; Ceruloplasmin; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Oxidation-Reduction; Structure-Activity Relationship; Terbium; Titrimetry | 1996 |
Characteristic metabolic profiles revealed by 1H NMR spectroscopy for three types of human brain and nervous system tumours.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Brain Neoplasms; Choline; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Creatine; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Meningioma; Neuroblastoma; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1995 |
Preliminary determination of a molecular basis of chronic fatigue syndrome.
Topics: Aconitic Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; beta-Alanine; Biomarkers; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Physical Examination; Pyrrolidines; Reference Values; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tyrosine | 1996 |
Changes in the intracellular free amino acid pool in human saphenous vein tissue culture.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Culture Techniques; Cytosol; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Middle Aged; Proline; Saphenous Vein; Serine; Taurine | 1996 |
Interaction of L-cysteine with a human excitatory amino acid transporter.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Chemistry; Carrier Proteins; Cysteine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protons; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Symporters; Xenopus laevis | 1996 |
Substitution of glutamic 779 with alanine in the Na,K-ATPase alpha subunit removes voltage dependence of ion transport.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Transport; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Sheep; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 1996 |
Effect of amino acids on the stability properties of nitrofurantoin suspensions. Flocculation and redispersion compared with interaction energy curves.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Drug Stability; Electrochemistry; Flocculation; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Nitrofurantoin; Particle Size; Solubility; Suspensions | 1996 |
The dorsal facial area of the medulla in cats: inhibitory action of serotonin on glutamate release in regulating common carotid blood flow.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carotid Artery, Common; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microdialysis; Potassium Chloride; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1996 |
Genetic and biochemical characterization of mutations in the ATPase and helicase regions of the Upf1 protein.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Cloning, Molecular; Conserved Sequence; Cysteine; DNA Helicases; DNA Probes; Escherichia coli; Fungal Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Recombinant Proteins; RNA Helicases; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Trans-Activators | 1996 |
Expression and characterization of glycogen synthase kinase-3 mutants and their effect on glycogen synthase activity in intact cells.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Base Sequence; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; DNA Primers; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinases; Humans; Kidney; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rabbits; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Transfection | 1996 |
Rate of pellicle formation in vivo.
Topics: Adsorption; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Dental Deposits; Dental Enamel; Dental Pellicle; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Lysine; Middle Aged; Proline; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Spectrum Analysis; Time Factors | 1995 |
Swelling of Müller cells induced by AP3 and glutamate transport substrates in rat retina.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Neuroglia; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Sodium; Substrate Specificity | 1996 |
Dietary glutamine supplementation prevents jejunal atrophy in weaned pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Duodenum; Epithelium; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intestinal Diseases; Jejunum; Male; Stomach; Swine; Swine Diseases; Taurine; Weaning | 1996 |
Free alanine, aspartic acid, or glutamic acid reduce the glycation of human lens proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Crystallins; Glutamic Acid; Glycosylation; Humans | 1996 |
Stimulation of glutamine synthetase activity by excitatory amino acids in astrocyte cultures derived from aged mouse cerebral hemispheres may be associated with non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Aging; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Potentiation of spontaneous acetylcholine release from motor nerve terminals by glutamate in Xenopus tadpoles.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alanine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Larva; Motor Endplate; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Quisqualic Acid; Second Messenger Systems; Verapamil; Xenopus laevis | 1996 |
Glutamate-dependent mechanisms in the induction of a calcium long-term potentiation-like phenomenon.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium; Cyclazocine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Narcotic Antagonists; Pipecolic Acids; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Hyperammonemia-induced depletion of glutamate and branched-chain amino acids in muscle and plasma.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Insulin; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1996 |
Linkage of aerobic glycolysis to sodium-potassium transport in rat skeletal muscle. Implications for increased muscle lactate production in sepsis.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hindlimb; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Monensin; Muscle, Skeletal; Ouabain; Potassium; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Shock, Septic; Sodium; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 1996 |
The glutamic acid residue at amino acid 261 of the alpha subunit is a determinant of the intrinsic efficiency of RNA polymerase at the metE core promoter in Escherichia coli.
Topics: 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Codon; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Methyltransferases; Molecular Sequence Data; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Deletion; Suppression, Genetic; Trans-Activators; Transcription, Genetic | 1996 |
Glutamate as a candidate retrograde messenger at interneurone-Purkinje cell synapses of rat cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Colforsin; Cyclopropanes; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Interneurons; Kinetics; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Effect of dietary L-glutamine on the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine in rats.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Diet; Galactosamine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver Diseases; Male; Neomycin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stereoisomerism | 1996 |
A new genus of the order Actinomycetales, Spirilliplanes gen. nov., with description of Spirilliplanes yamanashiensis sp. nov.
Topics: Actinomyces; Alanine; Bacteriological Techniques; Base Composition; Cell Wall; Culture Media; Diaminopimelic Acid; Fatty Acids; Glucosamine; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Mannose; Methylmannosides; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Sequence Data; Mycolic Acids; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Soil Microbiology; Vitamin K; Xylose | 1997 |
Uptake and release of 2-aminoisobutyrate by Leishmania donovani: culture-age dependent effects of osmolality and of protein kinase inhibitors.
Topics: Alanine; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Division; Cellular Senescence; Enzyme Inhibitors; Genistein; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypertonic Solutions; Isoflavones; Leishmania donovani; Osmolar Concentration; Proline; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Staurosporine | 1996 |
Lack of constitutive activation or inactivation of the platelet-activating factor receptor by glutamate substitution of alanine 230.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Conserved Sequence; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Inositol Phosphates; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Platelet Activating Factor; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction | 1996 |
Neurochemical changes in cerebellum of goldfish exposed to various temperatures.
Topics: Acclimatization; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Goldfish; Kinetics; Potassium; Serine; Taurine; Temperature | 1997 |
Modulation of bovine papillomavirus DNA replication by phosphorylation of the viral E1 protein.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Bovine papillomavirus 1; Cattle; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; DNA Helicases; DNA Replication; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Viral; Genome, Viral; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mutagenesis; Phosphorylation; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Replication Origin; Serine; Spodoptera; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Viral Proteins; Virus Replication | 1997 |
Clinical features of early-onset Alzheimer disease in a large kindred with an E280A presenilin-1 mutation.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Autopsy; Brain; Codon; Female; Glutamic Acid; Headache; Humans; Male; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Pedigree; Phenotype; Point Mutation; Presenilin-1 | 1997 |
Phosphorylation of gastrin-related peptides: physiological casein kinase like enzyme in Golgi membranes from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells and GH3 cells.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenal Medulla; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Calcium; Casein Kinases; Cations, Divalent; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Chromaffin Cells; Female; Gastrins; Glutamic Acid; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnesium; Mammary Glands, Animal; Manganese; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinases; Rats; Substrate Specificity; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1997 |
Mechanism of direct coupling between binding and induced structural change in regulatory calcium binding proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Structure-Activity Relationship; Troponin C | 1997 |
Bcl-2 phosphorylation required for anti-apoptosis function.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Apoptosis; Bryostatins; Cell Line; Dimerization; Enzyme Activation; Etoposide; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-3; Kinetics; Lactones; Macrolides; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphates; Phosphorylation; Point Mutation; Protein Kinase C; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Transfection | 1997 |
Regional excitatory and inhibitory amino acid concentrations in pentylenetetrazol kindling and kindled rat brain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Convulsants; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Neural Inhibition; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Taurine | 1997 |
Mutagenesis of acidic residues in the oxygenase domain of inducible nitric-oxide synthase identifies a glutamate involved in arginine binding.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antioxidants; Arginine; Biopterins; Cattle; Chromatography, Gel; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Humans; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxygenases; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1997 |
Inhibition of glutamate uptake causes an acute increase in aqueous humor protein.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane Permeability; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Proteins; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Rabbits | 1997 |
The release of amino acids from ischemic retina.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ischemia; Male; Ocular Hypertension; Rabbits; Retinal Vessels; Taurine | 1997 |
The mannose-binding protein A region of glutamic acid185-alanine221 can functionally replace the surfactant protein A region of glutamic acid195-phenylalanine228 without loss of interaction with lipids and alveolar type II cells.
Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; Alanine; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Carrier Proteins; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Epitope Mapping; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; Lipid Metabolism; Mannose; Mannose-Binding Lectin; Phenylalanine; Proteolipids; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; Pulmonary Surfactants; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Fusion Proteins | 1997 |
[Directed mutagenesis of human recombinant receptors of vasoactive intestinal peptide of VIP1 and VIP2 type. Difference in structure-activity relationship].
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Isoleucine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Structure-Activity Relationship; Threonine | 1997 |
Phosphorylation at conserved carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic motif regulates the catalytic and regulatory domains of protein kinase C.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Cell Line; Conserved Sequence; DNA Primers; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Kinetics; Liposomes; Models, Structural; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Conformation; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase C beta; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Spodoptera; Thermodynamics; Transfection | 1997 |
Linkage between postabsorptive amino acid release and glutamate uptake in skeletal muscle tissue of healthy young subjects, cancer patients, and the elderly.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Neoplasms; Postprandial Period; Reference Values | 1997 |
Effect of polar side chains at position 172 on thermal stability of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus.
Topics: 3-Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase; Alanine; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Asparagine; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heating; Molecular Structure; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermus thermophilus | 1997 |
Noncoded amino acid replacement probes of the aspartate aminotransferase mechanism.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molecular Structure; Mutation; Protein Biosynthesis; Recombinant Proteins; Stereoisomerism; Substrate Specificity; Transcription, Genetic; Tyrosine | 1997 |
Efflux of compatible solutes in Corynebacterium glutamicum mediated by osmoregulated channel activity.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Diamino; Betaine; Corynebacterium; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Homeostasis; Hypotonic Solutions; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Lysine; Membrane Potentials; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Proline; Sodium | 1997 |
Effect of a glutamine-enriched diet on small bowel allograft during immunosuppressive therapy.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Alkaline Phosphatase; Ammonia; Animals; Body Weight; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Division; Diet; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Male; Microvilli; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Tacrolimus; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1997 |
The nutritive function of glia is regulated by signals released by neurons.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Bees; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Models, Biological; NAD; NADP; Neuroglia; Neurons; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate; Proline; Retina; Signal Transduction | 1997 |
Mutations in the C-terminal domain of Sonic Hedgehog cause holoprosencephaly.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Line, Transformed; DNA Mutational Analysis; Exons; Female; Genes, Dominant; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hedgehog Proteins; Holoprosencephaly; Humans; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Pedigree; Point Mutation; Proteins; Sequence Deletion; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Threonine; Trans-Activators; Valine | 1997 |
Effects of ranolazine on ischemic threshold, coronary sinus blood flow, and myocardial metabolism in coronary artery disease.
Topics: Acetanilides; Aged; Alanine; Angina Pectoris; Blood Pressure; Citric Acid; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Piperazines; Ranolazine | 1997 |
Structure-function analysis of the triphosphatase component of vaccinia virus mRNA capping enzyme.
Topics: Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; Binding Sites; Glutamic Acid; Methylation; Methyltransferases; Molecular Sequence Data; Multienzyme Complexes; Nucleotidyltransferases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; RNA Caps; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Viral; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine Endopeptidases; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transcription, Genetic; Vaccinia virus; Viral Proteins | 1997 |
Intersubunit communication in hybrid hexamers of K89L/A163G/S380A and C320S mutants of glutamate dehydrogenase from Clostridium symbiosum.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Clostridium; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; NAD; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Recombinant Proteins; Serine | 1997 |
Alanine catabolism in Klebsiella aerogenes: molecular characterization of the dadAB operon and its regulation by the nitrogen assimilation control protein.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Racemase; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Leucine-Responsive Regulatory Protein; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Operon; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Transcription Factors | 1998 |
Stathmin overexpression in 293 cells affects signal transduction and cell growth.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Cell Line; Flow Cytometry; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kidney; Kinetics; Luciferases; Microtubule Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Signal Transduction; Stathmin; Transfection | 1998 |
Plasma amino acid concentrations in elderly patients with protein energy malnutrition.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Amino Acids, Essential; Body Height; Body Weight; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Male; Protein-Energy Malnutrition | 1997 |
Gluconeogenesis measured with [U-13C]glucose and mass isotopomer analysis of apoB-100 amino acids in pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Apolipoprotein B-100; Apolipoproteins B; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Isotope Labeling; Liver; Mass Spectrometry; Models, Biological; Oxaloacetates; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Swine | 1998 |
A conserved histidine is essential for glycerolipid acyltransferase catalysis.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Cell Membrane; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase; Histidine; Molecular Sequence Data; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Biosynthesis; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Transcription, Genetic | 1998 |
In vivo glucose contribution to glutamate synthesis is maintained while its contribution to acetyl CoA is lowered in adult mice fed a diet with a high fat:carbohydrate ratio.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Animals; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Muscles | 1998 |
Engineering of the nonspecific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus: replacement of glutamic acid-4 by alanine results in loss of interfacial catalysis and enhanced phosphomonoesterase activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacillus cereus; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Protein Engineering; Substrate Specificity; Type C Phospholipases; Water | 1998 |
Phosphorylation of the kinase homology domain is essential for activation of the A-type natriuretic peptide receptor.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Octoxynol; Peptide Mapping; Phosphopeptides; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Threonine; Transfection | 1998 |
Adsorption dynamics of L-glutamic acid copolymers at a heptane/water interface.
Topics: Adsorption; Alanine; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Heptanes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Isoelectric Point; Leucine; Molecular Conformation; Phenylalanine; Polymers; Surface Properties; Surface Tension; Tyrosine | 1998 |
Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of imipramine on the Na+-dependent transport of L-glutamic acid in rat intestinal brush-border membrane.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Glucose; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Imipramine; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Microvilli; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Symporters | 1998 |
Chemical rescue of Klebsiella aerogenes urease variants lacking the carbamylated-lysine nickel ligand.
Topics: Alanine; Alkylating Agents; Amino Acid Substitution; Carbamates; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Disulfides; Glutamic Acid; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Ligands; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nickel; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Urease | 1998 |
Influence of polymorphism Q3405E and mutation A3371V in the apolipoprotein B gene on LDL receptor binding.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Apolipoproteins B; DNA; DNA Mutational Analysis; Family; Family Health; Female; Gene Frequency; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Haplotypes; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Leucine; Lipoproteins, LDL; Male; Middle Aged; Point Mutation; Polymorphism, Genetic; Protein Binding; Receptors, LDL; Valine | 1998 |
Catalytic contribution of phenylalanine-101 of 3-oxo-Delta 5-steroid isomerase.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Catalysis; Energy Transfer; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leucine; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Phenylalanine; Pseudomonas; Steroid Isomerases | 1998 |
The 46 kDa mannose-6-phosphate receptor contains a signal for basolateral sorting within the 19 juxtamembrane cytosolic residues.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Line; Cytosol; Dogs; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Membranes; Kidney; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Precipitin Tests; Receptor, IGF Type 2; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Deletion; Transfection | 1997 |
Spectroscopic evidence for interaction between transmembrane helices 3 and 5 in rhodopsin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Asparagine; Cattle; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Membrane Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine; Photochemistry; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rhodopsin; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Transducin | 1998 |
Regulation of the nigrostriatal pathway by metabotropic glutamate receptors during development.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Confocal; Nerve Fibers; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Phytohemagglutinins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Second Messenger Systems; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1998 |
Intravenous aspartate infusion after a coronary operation: effects on myocardial metabolism and hemodynamic state.
Topics: Alanine; Angina Pectoris; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Cardiac Catheterization; Coronary Artery Bypass; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Heart Arrest, Induced; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Lactates; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Vascular Resistance | 1998 |
Changes in brain organic osmolytes in experimental cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Methylamines; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 1998 |
Free amino acid distribution inside the first trimester human gestational sac.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Amniotic Fluid; Body Fluids; Female; Gestational Age; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Taurine; Tissue Distribution | 1998 |
Underground metabolism.
Topics: Alanine; Biological Evolution; Energy Metabolism; Enzymes; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Glutamic Acid; Phenotype; Substrate Specificity; Sulfides | 1998 |
Glutamate-459 is important for Escherichia coli branching enzyme activity.
Topics: 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Conserved Sequence; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plant Proteins; Sequence Alignment | 1998 |
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is modulated by host cyclophilin A expression levels.
Topics: Alanine; Gene Products, gag; Gene Products, vif; Glutamic Acid; HIV-1; Humans; Jurkat Cells; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; Proline; Tumor Cells, Cultured; vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Virion; Virus Replication | 1998 |
Neutralization of conservative charged transmembrane residues in the Na+/glucose cotransporter SGLT1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Membrane Glycoproteins; Models, Molecular; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phlorhizin; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rabbits; Sodium; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 | 1998 |
Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate pool size and estimated cycle flux in human muscle during exercise.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Ammonia; Carboxylic Acids; Citric Acid Cycle; Exercise; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactates; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Exertion; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors | 1998 |
Crystal structures of two self-hydroxylating ribonucleotide reductase protein R2 mutants: structural basis for the oxygen-insertion step of hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by diiron proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Apoenzymes; Catalysis; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxylation; Iron; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxygen; Phenylalanine; Ribonucleotide Reductases; Tyrosine | 1998 |
Probing the mechanism of Bacillus 1,3-1,4-beta-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolases by chemical rescue of inactive mutants at catalytically essential residues.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacillus; Catalysis; Energy Transfer; Enzyme Activation; Formates; Glutamic Acid; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Propionates; Sodium Acetate; Sodium Azide; Substrate Specificity | 1998 |
Amino acid signatures in the normal cat retina.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Retina; Taurine | 1998 |
Molecular basis of recognition by Gal/GalNAc specific legume lectins: influence of Glu 129 on the specificity of peanut agglutinin (PNA) towards C2-substituents of galactose.
Topics: Acetylgalactosamine; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; DNA Primers; Fabaceae; Galactose; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peanut Agglutinin; Plant Lectins; Plants, Medicinal | 1998 |
Investigation of the role of tyrosine-114 in the activity of human O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltranferase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Guanine; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Phenylalanine; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Threonine; Tyrosine | 1998 |
Plasma and muscle amino acid levels in relation to resting energy expenditure and inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; Acute-Phase Reaction; Adipose Tissue; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Carrier Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Citrulline; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Membrane Glycoproteins; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Ornithine; Proteins; Rest | 1998 |
VIP and PACAP potentiate the action of glutamate on BDNF expression in mouse cortical neurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Astrocytes; Blotting, Northern; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
Central effects of acamprosate: part 1. Acamprosate blocks the glutamate increase in the nucleus accumbens microdialysate in ethanol withdrawn rats.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alanine; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine | 1998 |
Identification of the veratryl alcohol binding site in lignin peroxidase by site-directed mutagenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacterial Proteins; Benzyl Alcohols; Binding Sites; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hemeproteins; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peroxidases; Recombinant Proteins; Serine | 1998 |
Administration of cholecystokinin sulphated octapeptide (CCK-8S) induces changes on rat amino acid tissue levels and on a behavioral test for anxiety.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Indoles; Lighting; Male; Meglumine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Olfactory Bulb; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sincalide; Taurine | 1998 |
m-Calpain subunits remain associated in the presence of calcium.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calcium; Calpain; Caseins; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Cysteine; Dimerization; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Recombinant Proteins; Serine | 1998 |
Attenuated neurotransmitter release and spreading depression-like depolarizations after focal ischemia in mutant mice with disrupted type I nitric oxide synthase gene.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Ethanolamines; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Serine; Taurine | 1998 |
Characterization of a heparin binding site on the heavy chain of factor XI.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Antithrombin III; Binding Sites; Chromatography, Affinity; Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein; Enzyme Activation; Factor XI; Factor XIa; Glutamic Acid; Heparin; Mutation; Recombinant Proteins; Sepharose | 1998 |
Excitatory amino acid synthesis in hypoxic brain slices: does alanine act as a substrate for glutamate production in hypoxia?
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain; Carbon; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Osmolar Concentration; Perfusion; Pyruvic Acid; Reference Values; Substrate Specificity | 1998 |
Stability of trimeric OmpF porin: the contributions of the latching loop L2.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hot Temperature; Ion Channel Gating; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Porins; Protein Structure, Secondary; Thermodynamics | 1998 |
Conformational changes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are facilitated by L-glutamate and its receptors in rat Purkinje cells.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Apnea; Bradycardia; Calcium Signaling; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration | 1998 |
Novel role of phosphorylation in Fe-S cluster stability revealed by phosphomimetic mutations at Ser-138 of iron regulatory protein 1.
Topics: Aconitate Hydratase; Aerobiosis; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Anaerobiosis; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Cytosol; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Iron Regulatory Protein 1; Iron-Regulatory Proteins; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Isoenzymes; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Recombinant Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; Serine | 1998 |
Structure, interaction and electron transfer between cytochrome b5, its E44A and/or E56A mutants and cytochrome c.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cattle; Cytochrome c Group; Cytochromes b5; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Temperature | 1999 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of putative active site residues of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase.
Topics: 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; Alanine; Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmids; Recombinant Proteins | 1999 |
Mutations in the environment of the primary quinone facilitate proton delivery to the secondary quinone in bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers.
Topics: Alanine; Benzoquinones; Cytochrome c Group; Electron Transport; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenotype; Photolysis; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Protons; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Tyrosine | 1999 |
Histidine77, glutamic acid81, glutamic acid123, threonine126, asparagine194, and tryptophan197 of the human emopamil binding protein are required for in vivo sterol delta 8-delta 7 isomerization.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Isoenzymes; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Peptide Fragments; Piperidines; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Steroid Isomerases; Threonine; Tryptophan | 1999 |
Glutamine synthesis is heterogeneous and differentially regulated along the rabbit renal proximal tubule.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Rabbits | 1999 |
Role of active-site residues 107 and 108 of glutathione S-transferase mGSTA4-4 in determining the catalytic properties of the enzyme for 4-hydroxynonenal.
Topics: Alanine; Aldehydes; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Transferase; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Leucine; Methionine; Mice; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Recombinant Proteins; Valine | 1999 |
Role of Arg100 and Arg264 from Anabaena PCC 7119 ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase for optimal NADP+ binding and electron transfer.
Topics: Alanine; Anabaena; Arginine; Circular Dichroism; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Electron Transport; Escherichia coli; Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry; Substrate Specificity | 1998 |
Glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid mediate a heterosynaptic depression at mossy fiber synapses in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Alanine; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Morpholines; Nerve Fibers; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses | 1999 |
Biochemical and electrophysiological studies on the mechanism of action of PNU-151774E, a novel antiepileptic compound.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzylamines; Brain; Calcium Channels; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membranes; Mice; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Veratrine | 1999 |
Interaction of the N-terminus of chicken skeletal essential light chain 1 with F-actin.
Topics: Actins; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbodiimides; Chickens; Cross-Linking Reagents; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle, Skeletal; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myosin Light Chains; Peptide Fragments; Proline; Sequence Deletion | 1999 |
CPCCOEt, a noncompetitive metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 antagonist, inhibits receptor signaling without affecting glutamate binding.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; CHO Cells; Chromones; COS Cells; Cricetinae; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction; Threonine | 1999 |
Mutagenic and enzymological studies of the hydratase and isomerase activities of 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase-1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerases; Catalysis; Dodecenoyl-CoA Isomerase; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leucine; Mitochondria, Liver; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recombinant Proteins | 1999 |
Amino acid release during spreading depression in a flow-compromised cortical area.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Taurine | 1999 |
A single amino acid change (substitution of glutamate 3 with alanine) in the N-terminal region of rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I abolishes malonyl-CoA inhibition and high affinity binding.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Blotting, Western; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Malonyl Coenzyme A; Molecular Sequence Data; Point Mutation; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1999 |
Raman markers of nonaromatic side chains in an alpha-helix assembly: Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, Ile, Leu, Lys, Ser, and Val residues of phage fd subunits.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Deuterium; DNA, Single-Stranded; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Inovirus; Isoleucine; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Structure, Secondary; Serine; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Valine; Viral Proteins; Virus Assembly | 1999 |
Modulating electron density in the bound product, 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, by mutations in 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase near the 4-hydroxy group.
Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Electrons; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolases; Models, Chemical; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Pseudomonas; Serine; Spectrum Analysis, Raman | 1999 |
The roles of Glu-327 and His-446 in the bisphosphatase reaction of rat liver 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase probed by NMR spectroscopic and mutational analyses of the enzyme in the transient phosphohistidine intermediate complex.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; DNA Mutational Analysis; Fructose-Bisphosphatase; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Multienzyme Complexes; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phosphofructokinase-1; Phosphofructokinase-2; Rats; Testis; Titrimetry | 1999 |
Glutamate regulates IP3-type and CICR stores in the avian cochlear nucleus.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Adenylyl Cyclases; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Chelating Agents; Chick Embryo; Cochlear Nucleus; Cyclic AMP; Cycloleucine; Cysteine; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Gallic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Ion Channel Gating; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Ryanodine; Second Messenger Systems; Thionucleotides | 1999 |
Dual specificity protein kinase activity of testis-specific protein kinase 1 and its regulation by autophosphorylation of serine-215 within the activation loop.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Base Sequence; Catalytic Domain; COS Cells; DNA Primers; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Serine; Substrate Specificity | 1999 |
Changes in the extracellular profiles of neuroactive amino acids in the rat striatum at the asymptomatic stage of hepatic failure.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fatty Liver; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Liver; Male; Microdialysis; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Thioacetamide | 1999 |
Double-mutant analysis of the interaction of Ras with the Ras-binding domain of RGL.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Histidine; Humans; Lysine; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Protein Binding; ras Proteins; Rats; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Static Electricity; Tyrosine | 1999 |
Calorimetric examination of high-affinity Src SH2 domain-tyrosyl phosphopeptide binding: dissection of the phosphopeptide sequence specificity and coupling energetics.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Calorimetry; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Humans; Isoleucine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Phosphopeptides; Phosphotyrosine; Protein Binding; src Homology Domains; Thermodynamics | 1999 |
Nuclear magnetic resonance and restrained molecular dynamics studies of the interaction of an epidermal growth factor-derived peptide with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Crystallography, X-Ray; ErbB Receptors; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Oligopeptides; Phenylalanine; Phosphotyrosine; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Temperature; Thermodynamics | 1999 |
Mutagenesis of two conserved tryptophan residues of the E-type ATPases: inactivation and conversion of an ecto-apyrase to an ecto-NTPase.
Topics: Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Chymotrypsin; Conserved Sequence; COS Cells; Enzyme Inhibitors; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolysis; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; Protein Folding; Sodium Azide; Transfection; Triazines; Tryptophan | 1999 |
Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance study of metabolism of propionate by Escherichia coli.
Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Wall; Citrates; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Escherichia coli; Formates; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methylmalonic Acid; Oxaloacetic Acid; Propionates; Protons; Putrescine; Pyruvic Acid; Succinic Acid; Trehalose | 1999 |
[1-(13)C]glucose metabolism in the tumoral and nontumoral cerebral tissue of a glioma-bearing rat.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Female; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glioma; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Chemical; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1999 |
Acidic residues involved in cation and substrate interactions in the Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter, NaDC-1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carrier Proteins; Cations, Monovalent; Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Kinetics; Lithium; Membrane Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oocytes; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rabbits; Sodium; Substrate Specificity; Succinates; Symporters; Xenopus | 1999 |
Analysis of peptidoglycan structure from vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 and role of PBP 5 in peptidoglycan maturation.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cell Wall; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Diaminopimelic Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hexosyltransferases; Muramic Acids; Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; Penicillin-Binding Proteins; Peptidoglycan; Peptidyl Transferases; Sequence Analysis | 1999 |
Stages in iron storage in the ferritin of Escherichia coli (EcFtnA): analysis of Mössbauer spectra reveals a new intermediate.
Topics: Alanine; Dimerization; Escherichia coli; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Ferrous Compounds; Freezing; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine; Spectroscopy, Mossbauer; Tyrosine | 1999 |
Phosphorylation and/or presence of serine 37 in the movement protein of tomato mosaic tobamovirus is essential for intracellular localization and stability in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Intracellular Fluid; Luminescent Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Nicotiana; Phosphoamino Acids; Phosphorylation; Plant Viral Movement Proteins; Plants, Toxic; Protoplasts; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Serine; Solanum lycopersicum; Threonine; Tobamovirus; Viral Proteins | 1999 |
Substrate oxidation by the portal drained viscera of fed piglets.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactates; Oxidation-Reduction; Portal Vein; Swine; Viscera | 1999 |
Amino acids in the Martian meteorite Nakhla.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; beta-Alanine; Egypt; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Mars; Meteoroids | 1999 |
Modulation by L- and D-isoforms of amino acids of the L-glutamate response of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Computer Simulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine; Software; Stereoisomerism; Xenopus laevis | 1999 |
Analysis of the substrate specificity of human sulfotransferases SULT1A1 and SULT1A3: site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arylsulfotransferase; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Dopamine; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genes, Overlapping; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nuclear Proteins; Phenols; Recombinant Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Transcription Factors | 1999 |
Relationship between the conserved alpha subunit arginine 107 and effects of phosphate on the activity and stability of Vibrio harveyi luciferase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; Conserved Sequence; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Luciferases; Macromolecular Substances; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphates; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Vibrio | 1999 |
Localization of L-glutamate and glutamate-like receptors at the squid giant synapse.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antibody Specificity; Aspartic Acid; Blotting, Western; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Decapodiformes; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Receptors, Glutamate; Serine; Synapses; Taurine | 1999 |
Dual photoactive species in Glu46Asp and Glu46Ala mutants of photoactive yellow protein: a pH-driven color transition.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Half-Life; Halorhodospira halophila; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Photolysis; Photoreceptors, Microbial; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared | 1999 |
The peptide bond between E292-A293 of Escherichia coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase is essential for its activity.
Topics: Acylation; Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Leucine-tRNA Ligase; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Transfer, Leu | 1999 |
Hyposmotically induced amino acid release from the rat cerebral cortex: role of phospholipases and protein kinases.
Topics: Acetophenones; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Aspartic Acid; Brain Edema; Cerebral Cortex; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Enzyme Inhibitors; Estrenes; Ethanolamines; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypotonic Solutions; Male; Osmotic Pressure; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Protein Kinase C; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine; Solvents; Taurine; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1999 |
Studies on amino acid metabolism in the brain using 15N-labeled precursors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Nitrogen Isotopes; Potassium | 1999 |
Glutamate-89 in subunit II of cytochrome bo3 from Escherichia coli is required for the function of the heme-copper oxidase.
Topics: Alanine; Conserved Sequence; Copper; Cytochrome b Group; Cytochromes; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Proton Pumps; Quinone Reductases; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Static Electricity | 1999 |
Streptolysin O: inhibition of the conformational change during membrane binding of the monomer prevents oligomerization and pore formation.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Asparagine; Bacterial Proteins; Cysteine; Erythrocyte Membrane; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Bilayers; Membrane Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Rabbits; Sheep; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Streptolysins; Temperature | 1999 |
Identification and characterization of the phosphorylation sites of the guanylyl cyclase-linked natriuretic peptide receptors A and B.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Cell Line; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Humans; Kidney; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Threonine | 1999 |
Circadian variations in plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of glutamate, glutamine, and alanine in men on a diet without and with added monosodium glutamate.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Circadian Rhythm; Erythrocytes; Food Additives; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Male; Reference Values; Sodium Glutamate | 1999 |
X-ray crystal structure of human dopamine sulfotransferase, SULT1A3. Molecular modeling and quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis demonstrate a molecular basis for sulfotransferase substrate specificity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arylsulfotransferase; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 1999 |
Hyperglycemia enhances extracellular glutamate accumulation in rats subjected to forebrain ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hyperglycemia; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Taurine | 2000 |
The utilization of alanine, glutamic acid, and serine as amino acid substrates for glycine N-acyltransferase.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Alanine; Animals; Cattle; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Kinetics; Serine | 2000 |
Effects of glyphosate and dalapon on total free amino acid profiles of Pseudosuccinea columella snails.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Propionates; Serine; Snails; Threonine | 2000 |
Presence of 2-furoylmethyl derivatives in hydrolysates of processed tomato products.
Topics: Alanine; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Freeze Drying; Furans; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Lysine; Maillard Reaction; Serine; Solanum lycopersicum; Threonine | 2000 |
Identification of threonine residues controlling the agonist-dependent phosphorylation and desensitization of the rat A(3) adenosine receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cysteine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Rats; Receptor, Adenosine A3; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Threonine | 2000 |
Bioactive beta-bend structures for the antagonist halpha CGRP(8 - 37) at the CGRP(1) receptor of the rat pulmonary artery.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Conformation; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Peptide Fragments; Proline; Pulmonary Artery; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2000 |
Pathways of glutamine metabolism in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells: evidence for the presence of the nitrogen assimilation system, and a metabolic switch by 1H/15N NMR.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Carbon; Carbon Isotopes; Cells, Cultured; Ethanol; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nitrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Protons; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Spodoptera | 2000 |
An engineered blockage within the ammonia tunnel of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase prevents the use of glutamine as a substrate but not ammonia.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Aspartic Acid; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing); Carbamyl Phosphate; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Lysine; Methionine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine; Serine; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors | 2000 |
The accessibility of a novel reentrant loop of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 is restricted by its substrate.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Molecular Sequence Data; Substrate Specificity | 2000 |
Mechanism of Ca2+-induced inhibition of Escherichia coli inorganic pyrophosphatase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Calcium; Dialysis; Diphosphates; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; Kinetics; Lanthanum; Magnesium Compounds; Models, Molecular; Pyrophosphatases | 2000 |
A carboxylate triad is essential for the polymerase activity of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment). Presence of two functional triads at the catalytic center.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalysis; DNA; DNA Polymerase I; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphoric Acids; Plasmids; Sodium Chloride; Transfection; Trichloroacetic Acid | 2000 |
Effect of dexamethasone on fetal hepatic glutamine-glutamate exchange.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Dexamethasone; Female; Fetal Weight; Gestational Age; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Infusions, Intravenous; Lactic Acid; Liver; Liver Circulation; Organ Size; Sheep; Umbilical Veins | 2000 |
Captopril-induced glutamate release at the start of reperfusion after cold cardioplegic storage of pig hearts.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Biopsy; Blood Flow Velocity; Captopril; Cardioplegic Solutions; Coronary Circulation; Cryopreservation; Drug Combinations; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Lactic Acid; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion; Myocardium; Organ Preservation; Oxygen Consumption; Swine; Ventricular Function | 2000 |
Two novel mutations in the WASP gene in Wiskott-Aldrich patients of Chile origin: W64R and A124E.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Chile; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant; Male; Point Mutation; Proteins; Tryptophan; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein | 2000 |
On the possibilities and limitations of rational protein design to expand the specificity of restriction enzymes: a case study employing EcoRV as the target.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Lysine; Macromolecular Substances; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Protein Engineering; Recombinant Proteins; Substrate Specificity | 2000 |
Modeling the effects of mutations on the free energy of the first electron transfer from QA- to QB in photosynthetic reaction centers.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Electron Transport; Energy Transfer; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Leucine; Models, Chemical; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Quinones; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics; Water | 2000 |
Transcription activation by the Escherichia coli cyclic AMP receptor protein: determinants within activating region 3.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Isomerism; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Multigene Family; Mutation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Conformation; Static Electricity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transcription, Genetic; Transcriptional Activation | 2000 |
Regulation of protein kinase D by multisite phosphorylation. Identification of phosphorylation sites by mass spectrometry and characterization by site-directed mutagenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Alkaline Phosphatase; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Down-Regulation; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Indoles; Kinetics; Maleimides; Mass Spectrometry; Models, Biological; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphorylation; Precipitin Tests; Protein Kinase C; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Transfection; Trypsin | 2000 |
Electrogenic sodium-sodium exchange carried out by Na,K-ATPase containing the amino acid substitution Glu779Ala.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Ouabain; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 2000 |
Cryptic dimer interface and domain organization of the extracellular region of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Arginine; Cell Line; Cysteine; Dimerization; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Ligands; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oocytes; Point Mutation; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Spodoptera; Transfection; Xenopus laevis | 2000 |
Conformational stability changes of the amino terminal domain of enzyme I of the Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system produced by substituting alanine or glutamate for the active-site histidine 189: implications for phosph
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Models, Molecular; Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System; Phosphorylation; Phosphotransferases (Nitrogenous Group Acceptor); Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Thermodynamics | 2000 |
Regulation of myocardial [(13)C]glucose metabolism in conscious rats.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid Cycle; Consciousness; Fasting; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hyperglycemia; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2000 |
A possible role of alanine for ammonia transfer between astrocytes and glutamatergic neurons.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Carbon Isotopes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Coculture Techniques; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Lactates; Mice; Models, Chemical; Models, Neurological; Neurons | 2000 |
Glutamine metabolism in endothelial cells: ornithine synthesis from glutamine via pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Aorta; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Azaserine; Carbon Dioxide; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Diazooxonorleucine; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzymes; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Microcirculation; Ornithine; Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase; Umbilical Veins; Venules | 2000 |
Activation of protein kinase C stimulates the dephosphorylation of natriuretic peptide receptor-B at a single serine residue: a possible mechanism of heterologous desensitization.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cyclic GMP; Detergents; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Humans; Ligands; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Mapping; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Serine; Signal Transduction; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Transfection | 2000 |
A structure-function study of a proton transport pathway in the gamma-class carbonic anhydrase from Methanosarcina thermophila.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Carbonic Anhydrases; Cysteine; Deuterium; Escherichia coli; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lysine; Methanosarcina; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protons; Serine; Solvents; Structure-Activity Relationship; Threonine; Tryptophan | 2000 |
Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus gen. nov., sp. nov.
Topics: Alanine; Cell Wall; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Species Specificity; Vitamin K | 2000 |
Biological function and site II Ca2+-induced opening of the regulatory domain of skeletal troponin C are impaired by invariant site I or II Glu mutations.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calcium; Chickens; Circular Dichroism; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myocardium; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rabbits; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Troponin C; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays | 2000 |
Taurine and ethanol preference: a microdialysis study using Sardinian alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats.
Topics: Alanine; Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Arginine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Conditioning, Psychological; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Species Specificity; Taurine; Time Factors | 2000 |
The role of Glu74 and Tyr82 in the reaction catalyzed by sheep liver cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Apoenzymes; Binding Sites; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Catalysis; Cytosol; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase; Humans; Kinetics; Liver; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rabbits; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Serine; Sheep; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrahydrofolates; Tyrosine | 2000 |
Mutagenesis and kinetic studies of a plant cysteine proteinase with an unusual arrangement of acidic amino acids in and around the active site.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Cysteine Endopeptidases; DNA, Complementary; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Magnoliopsida; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plant Proteins; Protein Precursors; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2000 |
Energetics of the induced structural change in a Ca2+ regulatory protein: Ca2+ and troponin I peptide binding to the E41A mutant of the N-domain of skeletal troponin C.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Calcium; Chickens; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle, Skeletal; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Peptide Fragments; Protein Binding; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics; Titrimetry; Troponin C; Troponin I | 2000 |
Involvement of other neurotransmitters in behaviors induced by the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist SR 141716A in naive mice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dronabinol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorobenzenes; Glutamic Acid; Head Movements; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenols; Piperidines; Psychotropic Drugs; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Rimonabant; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tachykinins | 2000 |
Interference of S-nitrosoglutathione with the binding of ligands to ionotropic glutamate receptors in pig cerebral cortical synaptic membranes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitroso Compounds; Piperazines; Pyrimidinones; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; S-Nitrosoglutathione; Swine; Synaptic Membranes; Uracil | 2000 |
Glycogen turnover and anaplerosis in preconditioned rat hearts.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Heart; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissue Extracts | 2000 |
Hypothermia inhibits ischemia-induced efflux of amino acids and neuronal damage in the hippocampus of aged rats.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Taurine | 2000 |
Effect of the lipid phase transition on the lactose permease from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Electrochemistry; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Lactose; Membrane Lipids; Membrane Transport Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protons; Substrate Specificity; Symporters | 2000 |
Fourier transform infrared evidence of proton uptake by glutamate L212 upon reduction of the secondary quinone QB in the photosynthetic reaction center from Rhodobacter capsulatus.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Deuterium Oxide; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Light; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Protein Conformation; Protons; Quinones; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water | 2000 |
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase: participation of invariant acidic residues in formation of the acetyl-S-enzyme reaction intermediate.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetylation; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Catalysis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Synthase; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxygen Isotopes; Recombinant Proteins; Solvents; Water | 2000 |
NMR spectroscopic study on the metabolic fate of [3-(13)C]alanine in astrocytes, neurons, and cocultures: implications for glia-neuron interactions in neurotransmitter metabolism.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Citric Acid Cycle; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Mutagenic analysis of functional residues in putative substrate-binding site and acidic domains of vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Cell Membrane; Conserved Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA, Complementary; Gene Library; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; Lysine; Magnesium; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Plant Proteins; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protons; Pyrophosphatases; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Trypsin; Vacuoles | 2001 |
Glutamate 325 is a general acid-base catalyst in the reaction catalyzed by fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carboxylic Acids; Catalysis; Enzyme Activation; Formates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Male; Molecular Weight; Phosphofructokinase-2; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Sodium Azide; Testis | 2000 |
Identification of active site residues in E. coli ketopantoate reductase by mutagenesis and chemical rescue.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Alanine; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alkylation; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Cysteine; Deuterium; Escherichia coli; Formates; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Pantothenic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Substrate Specificity | 2000 |
Construction of a high affinity zinc binding site in the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1: noncompetitive antagonism originating from the amino-terminal domain of a family C G-protein-coupled receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Immunoblotting; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Inositol Phosphates; Ions; Kinetics; Ligands; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Plasmids; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Transfection; Zinc; Zinc Compounds | 2001 |
An intrahelical salt bridge within the trigger site stabilizes the GCN4 leucine zipper.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Arginine; Dimerization; DNA-Binding Proteins; Escherichia coli; Fungal Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Leucine Zippers; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Plasmids; Protein Conformation; Protein Kinases; Protein Structure, Secondary; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Salts; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sodium Chloride | 2001 |
Interactions between yeast iso-1-cytochrome c and its peroxidase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Calorimetry; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytochrome c Group; Cytochrome-c Peroxidase; Cytochromes c; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Macromolecular Substances; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Solutions; Thermodynamics; Valine | 2001 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of the bacterial metalloamidase UDP-(3-O-acyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC). Identification of the zinc binding site.
Topics: Alanine; Amidohydrolases; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Cations, Divalent; Conserved Sequence; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Histidine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Zinc | 2001 |
A Glu-496 to Ala polymorphism leads to loss of function of the human P2X7 receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Point Mutation; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Signal Transduction; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2001 |
In vitro 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopic evidence of multiple aberrant biochemical pathways in murine trisomy 16 brain development.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Phosphorus Isotopes; Protons; Taurine; Threonine | 2000 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase at amino acid position 138.
Topics: Alanine; Anti-HIV Agents; Aspartic Acid; Cell Line; Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; Dideoxynucleotides; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; HIV Reverse Transcriptase; HIV-1; Humans; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nucleosides; Phenylalanine; Recombination, Genetic; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; Spiro Compounds; Thymidine; Tyrosine; Uridine | 2001 |
Critical role of glutamic acid 202 in the enzymatic activity of stromelysin-1 (MMP-3).
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Fibrinolysin; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Lysine; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phenylmercuric Acetate; Plasminogen; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Time Factors; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; Zinc | 2001 |
Occurrence of D-Amino Acids and a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent aspartate racemase in the acidothermophilic archaeon, Thermoplasma acidophilum.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Isomerases; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Lysine; Phenylalanine; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Stereoisomerism; Thermoplasma | 2001 |
Prevalence and conditions of selection of E44D/A and V118I human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase mutations in clinical practice.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Anti-HIV Agents; Aspartic Acid; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Gene Frequency; Glutamic Acid; HIV Infections; HIV Reverse Transcriptase; HIV-1; Humans; Isoleucine; Mutation; Valine | 2001 |
Spontaneous formation of polypeptides in the interfacial thin films of amphiphilic amino acid esters: acceleration of the polycondensation and control of the structure of resultant polymers.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Esters; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Indicators and Reagents; Kinetics; Lysine; Peptides; Surface Properties | 2000 |
Kinetic characterization of the double mutant R148A/E182S of glycogen phosphorylase kinase catalytic subunit: the role of the activation loop.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Catalysis; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Phosphorylase Kinase; Phosphorylation; Protein Conformation; Rabbits; Serine; Substrate Specificity | 2000 |
Real-time, two-dimensional visualization of ischaemia-induced glutamate release from hippocampal slices.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Line; Computer Systems; Dentate Gyrus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hot Temperature; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microscopy, Video; Potassium; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solutions; Taurine | 2001 |
Interrelation between synthesis and uptake of ectoine for the growth of the halotolerant Brevibacterium species JCM 6894 at high osmolarity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Betaine; Brevibacterium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Osmotic Pressure; Sodium Chloride | 2001 |
3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'-->5' exonuclease activities of yeast Apn2 protein and requirement of these activities for repair of oxidative DNA damage.
Topics: Alanine; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Carbon-Oxygen Lyases; Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced); DNA Damage; DNA Repair; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exodeoxyribonuclease V; Exodeoxyribonucleases; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Nucleotidases; Oxygen; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors | 2001 |
Differential lipid specificities of the repeated domains of annexin IV.
Topics: Alanine; Annexin A4; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Liposomes; Membrane Lipids; Mutation; Phospholipids; Sodium Chloride | 2001 |
The role for an invariant aspartic acid in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferases is examined using saturation mutagenesis, functional analysis, and X-ray crystallography.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmodium falciparum; Recombinant Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 2001 |
Versican V1 proteolysis in human aorta in vivo occurs at the Glu441-Ala442 bond, a site that is cleaved by recombinant ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-4.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS1 Protein; ADAMTS4 Protein; Alanine; Aorta, Abdominal; Cells, Cultured; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; Disintegrins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lectins, C-Type; Metalloendopeptidases; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Peptide Fragments; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase; Proteoglycans; Recombinant Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Tunica Intima; Versicans | 2001 |
Colipase residues Glu64 and Arg65 are essential for normal lipase-mediated fat digestion in the presence of bile salt micelles.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Bile Acids and Salts; Binding Sites; Colipases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lipase; Micelles; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pancreas; Protein Conformation; Taurodeoxycholic Acid; Triglycerides | 2001 |
Delta 3,5,delta 2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase is a multifunctional isomerase. A structural and mechanistic study.
Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerases; Catalysis; Circular Dichroism; DNA, Complementary; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Mitochondria; Models, Chemical; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myocardium; Peroxisomes; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Ultraviolet Rays | 2001 |
Mapping arm-DNA-binding domain interactions in AraC.
Topics: Alanine; Aldose-Ketose Isomerases; Amino Acid Substitution; Arabinose; AraC Transcription Factor; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; DNA; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Fucose; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Repressor Proteins; Transcription Factors | 2001 |
Spatial heterogeneity of energy turnover in the heart.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Coronary Circulation; Dogs; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Malates; Models, Biological; Myocardium; Oxaloacetic Acid; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid | 2001 |
Persistent binding of MgADP to the E187A mutant of Escherichia coli phosphofructokinase in the absence of allosteric effects.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Allosteric Site; Binding, Competitive; Cations, Divalent; Escherichia coli; Fluorescence Polarization; Fructosephosphates; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Magnesium; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphoenolpyruvate; Phosphofructokinase-1; Protein Binding; Spectrometry, Fluorescence | 2001 |
MgATP-dependent activation by phosphoenolpyruvate of the E187A mutant of Escherichia coli phosphofructokinase.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Binding Sites; Entropy; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Fructosephosphates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphoenolpyruvate; Phosphofructokinase-1; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Temperature; Thermodynamics | 2001 |
Parameters affecting the restoration of activity to inactive mutants of thymidylate synthase via subunit exchange: further evidence that thymidylate synthase is a half-of-the-sites activity enzyme.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; Dimerization; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Ethanol; Ethylene Glycol; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Peptide Fragments; Solutions; Temperature; Thymidylate Synthase; Tyrosine; Urea | 2001 |
Site-specific cation binding mediates TATA binding protein-DNA interaction from a hyperthermophilic archaeon.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Archaeal Proteins; Binding Sites; Calorimetry; Cations; DNA-Binding Proteins; Entropy; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Osmotic Pressure; Pyrococcus; Reproducibility of Results; Salts; TATA Box; TATA-Box Binding Protein; Transcription Factors; Water | 2001 |
13C isotopomer analysis of glucose and alanine metabolism reveals cytosolic pyruvate compartmentation as part of energy metabolism in astrocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Compartmentation; Cell Extracts; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Cytosol; Energy Metabolism; Enzymes; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2001 |
Identification of major phosphorylation sites of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen leader protein (EBNA-LP): ability of EBNA-LP to induce latent membrane protein 1 cooperatively with EBNA-2 is regulated by phosphorylation.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Binding Sites; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Line; Cell Line, Transformed; COS Cells; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Phosphorylation; Phosphotransferases; Transfection; Up-Regulation; Viral Matrix Proteins; Viral Proteins | 2001 |
Substitution of murine ferrochelatase glutamate-287 with glutamine or alanine leads to porphyrin substrate-bound variants.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Catalytic Domain; Conserved Sequence; Ferrochelatase; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Porphyrins; Protoporphyrins | 2001 |
Biochemical characterization and identification of catalytic residues in alpha-glucuronidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Chromatography, Gel; Cysteine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; Glutamic Acid; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Sequence Analysis, Protein; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Temperature; Trioses | 2001 |
Electrically induced release of labelled taurine, alpha- and beta-alanine, glycine, glutamate and other amino acids from rat neocortical slices in vitro.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carnosine; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Neocortex; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Serine; Taurine; Tritium | 1976 |
Investigating the role of histidine 157 in the catalytic activity of human cytomegalovirus protease.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Conserved Sequence; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytomegalovirus; Dimerization; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Humans; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; Protease Inhibitors; Serine; Serine Endopeptidases; Solvents | 2001 |
C-peptide binding to human cell membranes: importance of Glu27.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; C-Peptide; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kidney Tubules; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Protein Binding; Rats; Rhodamines; Species Specificity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Swine | 2001 |
Cooperative helix stabilization by complex Arg-Glu salt bridges.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary; Salts; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2001 |
Engineering a functional blue-wavelength-shifted rhodopsin mutant.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cattle; COS Cells; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Photochemistry; Retinaldehyde; Rhodopsin; Serine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Thermodynamics; Threonine; Transducin | 2001 |
Catalytic acid-base groups in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. 1. Site-directed mutagenesis and steady-state kinetic studies on the enzyme with the D28A, H114F, H115F, and E477Q substitutions.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Dioxide; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Recombinant; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine; Pyruvate Decarboxylase; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Substrate Specificity; Thiamine Pyrophosphate | 2001 |
Catalytic acid-base groups in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. 2. Insights into the specific roles of D28 and E477 from the rates and stereospecificity of formation of carboligase side products.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Acetoin; Acetolactate Synthase; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Catalytic Domain; Circular Dichroism; Decarboxylation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lactates; Pyruvate Decarboxylase; Pyruvic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Stereoisomerism; Substrate Specificity | 2001 |
Catalytic acid-base groups in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. 3. A steady-state kinetic model consistent with the behavior of both wild-type and variant enzymes at all relevant pH values.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Computer Simulation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Pyruvate Decarboxylase; Pyruvates; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Substrate Specificity | 2001 |
Influence of the aglycone region of the substrate binding cleft of Pseudomonas xylanase 10A on catalysis.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Disaccharides; Glutamic Acid; Glycosylation; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligosaccharides; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Pseudomonas; Substrate Specificity; Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; Xylans; Xylose; Xylosidases | 2001 |
Kinetic mechanism and regulation of myosin VI.
Topics: Actins; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Myosin Heavy Chains; Protein Binding; Pyrenes; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Swine; Threonine | 2001 |
Characterization of Na+-coupled glutamate/aspartate transport by a rat brain astrocyte line expressing GLAST and EAAC1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Blotting, Western; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Ganglionic Stimulants; Genistein; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Ionophores; Kainic Acid; Protein Isoforms; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Serine; Sodium; Symporters; Telencephalon; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Time Factors | 2001 |
Molecular basis of Ca(2)+ activation of the mouse cardiac Ca(2)+ release channel (ryanodine receptor).
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Ion Channel Gating; Magnesium; Mice; Muscle Contraction; Point Mutation; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Transfection | 2001 |
High glycolytic activity in rat glioma demonstrated in vivo by correlation peak 1H magnetic resonance imaging.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Neoplasms; Choline; Creatine; Ethanolamines; Female; Glioma; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolysis; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2001 |
Site-directed mutation of the highly conserved region near the Q-loop of the cytochrome bd quinol oxidase from Escherichia coli specifically perturbs heme b595.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Carbon Monoxide; Conserved Sequence; Cyanides; Cytochrome b Group; Cytochromes; Electrochemistry; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinone Reductases; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman | 2001 |
Membrane interactions of mutated forms of the influenza fusion peptide.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Deuterium; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; Kinetics; Lipid Bilayers; Membrane Fusion; Molecular Sequence Data; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phosphorus Isotopes; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Serine; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Valine; Viral Fusion Proteins | 2001 |
Increased islet DNA synthesis and glucose-derived lipid and amino acid production in association with beta-cell hyperproliferation in normoglycaemic 60 % pancreatectomy rats.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cell Division; Citrate (si)-Synthase; DNA; Glucokinase; Glucose; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Kinetics; Lipids; Pancreatectomy; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Phosphofructokinase-1; Phosphorylation; Rats | 2001 |
Ryanodine sensitizes the Ca(2+) release channel (ryanodine receptor) to Ca(2+) activation.
Topics: Alanine; Caffeine; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Magnesium; Mutation; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel | 2001 |
High-resolution magic angle spinning 1H-NMR spectroscopy studies on the renal biochemistry in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) and the effects of arsenic (As3+) toxicity.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arsenic; Arvicolinae; Creatine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Muridae; Necrosis; Phosphorylcholine; Species Specificity | 2001 |
Structure of interleukin 4 mutant E9A suggests polar steering in receptor-complex formation.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interleukin-4; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins | 2001 |
Nitrogen source governs the patterns of growth and pristinamycin production in 'Streptomyces pristinaespiralis'.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Chloride; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Pristinamycin; Streptomyces; Valine | 2001 |
The synthesis of glutamic acid in the absence of enzymes: implications for biogenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Catalysis; Evolution, Chemical; Formates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glyoxylates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Keto Acids; Ketoglutaric Acids; Origin of Life; Pyruvic Acid; Reducing Agents | 1995 |
Prebiotic transamination.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Evolution, Chemical; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Keto Acids; Ketoglutaric Acids; Phenylalanine; Phenylpyruvic Acids; Pyruvic Acid; Transaminases | 1997 |
Kinetics of peptide hydrolysis and amino acid decomposition at high temperature.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Atmospheric Pressure; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycylglycine; Hot Temperature; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Oceans and Seas; Peptides; Thermodynamics | 1993 |
Determination of free intracellular amino acids in single mouse peritoneal macrophages after naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde derivatization by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Extracts; Electrochemistry; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Intracellular Fluid; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Mice; Naphthalenes; Serine; Taurine | 2001 |
Two-dimensional (17)O multiple quantum magic-angle spinning NMR of organic solids.
Topics: Alanine; Benzoates; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Oxygen Isotopes; Uracil | 2001 |
The distal hinge of the reactive site loop and its proximity: a target to modulate plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; DNA; Epitopes; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Mice; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Swine; Time Factors | 2001 |
Early photocycle kinetic behavior of the E46A and Y42F mutants of photoactive yellow protein: femtosecond spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Halorhodospira halophila; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Light; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phenylalanine; Photochemistry; Photoreceptors, Microbial; Spectrophotometry; Tyrosine | 2001 |
Uptake of D-serine by synaptosomal P2 fraction isolated from rat brain.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Isomerism; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pharmacokinetics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Synaptosomes; Temperature; Tritium | 2001 |
Amino acid metabolism of bovine blastocysts derived from parthenogenetically activated or in vitro fertilized oocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Asparagine; Blastocyst; Cattle; Cryopreservation; Culture Techniques; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Oocytes; Parthenogenesis; Serine | 1998 |
Theoretical study of the conformation of the lipoamide arm in a mutant H protein.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Amino Acid Substitution; Carrier Proteins; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Decarboxylase Complex; Glycine Decarboxylase Complex H-Protein; Glycine Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating); Methylamines; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Conformation; Thermodynamics; Thioctic Acid | 2001 |
Histone deacetylase 1 phosphorylation promotes enzymatic activity and complex formation.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Casein Kinase II; Cell Division; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Histone Deacetylase 1; Histone Deacetylase 2; Histone Deacetylases; Humans; Jurkat Cells; Luciferases; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Precipitin Tests; Protein Binding; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Repressor Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection | 2001 |
Limited heat-shock protein 72 induction in Caco-2 cells by L-glutamine.
Topics: Alanine; Blotting, Western; Caco-2 Cells; Densitometry; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Heat-Shock Proteins; Hot Temperature; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid | 2001 |
Alanine-scanning of the 50's loop in the Clostridium beijerinckii flavodoxin: evaluation of additivity and the importance of interactions provided by the main chain in the modulation of the oxidation-reduction potentials.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Clostridium; Flavin Mononucleotide; Flavodoxin; Glutamic Acid; Methionine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2001 |
Cold-active citrate synthase: mutagenesis of active-site residues.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Substitution; Antarctic Regions; Arthrobacter; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Cold Temperature; Crystallography; Dimerization; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pyrococcus furiosus; Structure-Activity Relationship; Temperature | 2001 |
Effects of pentylenetetrazole and glutamate on metabolism of [U-(13)C]glucose in cultured cerebellar granule neurons.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Convulsants; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole | 2002 |
Assimilation and catabolism of dispensable and indispensable free amino acids in post-larval Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis).
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Essential; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Dietary Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Flatfishes; Glutamic Acid; Larva; Radioactive Tracers | 2001 |
Troglitazone inhibits glutamine metabolism in rat mesangial cells.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chromans; Collagen; Deamination; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glomerular Mesangium; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycosaminoglycans; Male; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thiazoles; Thiazolidinediones; Troglitazone | 2002 |
Differences in neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism between glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons during 4 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat: the role of astrocytes in neuronal survival.
Topics: Acetate-CoA Ligase; Alanine; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Blood Glucose; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Communication; Cell Survival; Citric Acid Cycle; Energy Metabolism; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Isoflurane; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neostriatum; Neurons; Parietal Lobe; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2001 |
Molecular determinants of high affinity binding to group III metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Ligands; Lysine; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transfection; Tyrosine | 2002 |
Two glutamate residues, Glu 208 alpha and Glu 197 beta, are crucial for phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the active-site histidine residue in succinyl-CoA synthetase.
Topics: Adenosine; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Succinate-CoA Ligases; Time Factors | 2002 |
Intracellular sensing of amino acids in Xenopus laevis oocytes stimulates p70 S6 kinase in a target of rapamycin-dependent manner.
Topics: Alanine; Alcohols; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acids; Animals; Blotting, Western; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Leucine; Oocytes; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xenopus laevis | 2002 |
Chimaeric gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) peptides with improved affinity for the catfish (Clarias gariepinus) GnRH receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catfishes; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Chickens; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptides; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, LHRH; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Transfection; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2002 |
Importance of Na,K-ATPase residue alpha 1-Arg544 in the segment Arg544-Asp567 for high-affinity binding of ATP, ADP, or MgATP.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Arginine; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Conserved Sequence; Cysteine; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Phosphorylation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Serine; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Swine; Thermodynamics | 2002 |
Interactions between heme d and heme b595 in quinol oxidase bd from Escherichia coli: a photoselection study using femtosecond spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Binding Sites; Carbon Monoxide; Cell Membrane; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myoglobin; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen; Photolysis; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 2002 |
Charge conversion enables quantification of the proximity between a normally-neutral mu-conotoxin (GIIIA) site and the Na+ channel pore.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Binding Sites; Conotoxins; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Muscle, Skeletal; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Static Electricity | 2002 |
Active transport of alanine by the neutral amino-acid exchanger ASCT1.
Topics: Alanine; Algorithms; Amino Acid Transport System ASC; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Oocytes; Sodium; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Xenopus laevis | 2001 |
Three subunits contribute amino acids to the active site of tetrameric adenylosuccinate lyase: Lys268 and Glu275 are required.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenylosuccinate Lyase; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Bacillus subtilis; Binding Sites; Circular Dichroism; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme Activation; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Light; Lysine; Molecular Weight; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Protein Structure, Secondary; Scattering, Radiation; Tritium | 2002 |
ADAMTS4 cleaves at the aggrecanase site (Glu373-Ala374) and secondarily at the matrix metalloproteinase site (Asn341-Phe342) in the aggrecan interglobular domain.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS4 Protein; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Asparagine; Binding Sites; Cathepsin B; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Metalloendopeptidases; Oligopeptides; Phenylalanine; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase; Substrate Specificity; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 | 2002 |
The simultaneous biosynthesis and uptake of amino acids by Lactococcus lactis studied by (13)C-labeling experiments.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Biomass; Cell Membrane; Computer Simulation; Culture Media; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Isotope Labeling; Lactococcus lactis; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Phenylalanine; Threonine | 2002 |
Regional muscle and adipose tissue amino acid metabolism in lean and obese women.
Topics: Abdomen; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Arteries; Body Composition; Body Constitution; Body Mass Index; Fasting; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Kinetics; Leucine; Muscle, Skeletal; Obesity; Proteins; Veins | 2002 |
Catalytic mechanism of beta-amylase from Bacillus cereus var. mycoides: chemical rescue of hydrolytic activity for a catalytic site mutant (Glu367-->Ala) by azide.
Topics: Alanine; Azides; Bacillus cereus; beta-Amylase; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Maltose; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Oligosaccharides; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Temperature | 2002 |
Unique activation mechanism of protein kinase CK2. The N-terminal segment is essential for constitutive activity of the catalytic subunit but not of the holoenzyme.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Casein Kinase II; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phenylalanine; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Temperature; Tyrosine | 2002 |
Exercise with low muscle glycogen augments TCA cycle anaplerosis but impairs oxidative energy provision in humans.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Citric Acid Cycle; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Exercise Test; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Humans; Kinetics; Lung; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Respiratory Mechanics; Rest; Tricarboxylic Acids | 2002 |
Release of excitatory amino acids in the penumbra of a focal cortical necrosis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Necrosis; Rats; Serine | 2002 |
Plasma lysine concentration and availability of 2-ketoglutarate in liver mitochondria.
Topics: Alanine; Biological Availability; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Infant; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lysine; Mitochondria, Liver | 2002 |
Alterations of amino acids and monoamine metabolism in male Fmr1 knockout mice: a putative animal model of the human fragile X mental retardation syndrome.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Aging; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Intellectual Disability; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Models, Animal; Nerve Tissue Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; Serotonin; Taurine; Thalamus | 2001 |
The anaplerotic substrate alanine stimulates acetate incorporation into glutamate and glutamine in rabbit kidney tubules. A (13)C NMR study.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney Tubules; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Rabbits | 2002 |
A nuclear magnetic resonance-based demonstration of substantial oxidative L-alanine metabolism and L-alanine-enhanced glucose metabolism in a clonal pancreatic beta-cell line: metabolism of L-alanine is important to the regulation of insulin secretion.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Line; Citric Acid Cycle; Clone Cells; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Kinetics; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Oligomycins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Pyruvic Acid | 2002 |
Glutamine concentration and tissue exchange with intravenously administered alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ammonium: a dose-response study in the pig.
Topics: Acidosis; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Injections, Intravenous; Ketoglutaric Acids; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Random Allocation; Splanchnic Circulation; Swine; Urea; Viscera | 2002 |
Phosphorylation of three regulatory serines of Tob by Erk1 and Erk2 is required for Ras-mediated cell proliferation and transformation.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Alanine; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cyclin D1; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavonoids; G1 Phase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione Transferase; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Peptide Mapping; Phosphorylation; Phosphoserine; Plasmids; Protein Structure, Tertiary; ras Proteins; Resting Phase, Cell Cycle; S Phase; Serine; Time Factors; Transfection | 2002 |
Protein engineering and properties of human metalloproteinase and thrombospondin 1.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS1 Protein; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Disintegrins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Metalloendopeptidases; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Engineering; Protein Sorting Signals; Recombinant Proteins; Thrombospondin 1 | 2002 |
Hsc62, Hsc56, and GrpE, the third Hsp70 chaperone system of Escherichia coli.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Bacterial Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Histidine; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Molecular Chaperones; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Plasmids; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Time Factors | 2002 |
Differential activation of individual subunits in heteromeric kainate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Binding Sites; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Neurological; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Neurons; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Molecular characterization of an extended binding site for coagulation factor Va in the positive exosite of activated protein C.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; DNA Mutational Analysis; Factor Va; Fibrinolytic Agents; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein C; Recombinant Proteins; Time Factors | 2002 |
Evidence of a critical architectural function for the RAG proteins in end processing, protection, and joining in V(D)J recombination.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Cell Line; Cysteine; DNA; DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; DNA-Binding Proteins; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte; Genes, RAG-1; Glutamic Acid; Homeodomain Proteins; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nuclear Proteins; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Phenotype; Protein Interaction Mapping; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombination, Genetic; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Serine; Substrate Specificity; VDJ Recombinases | 2002 |
Redox-dependent structural changes in the superoxide reductase from Desulfoarculus baarsii and Treponema pallidum: a FTIR study.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Desulfovibrio; Electrochemistry; Ferredoxins; Glutamic Acid; Iron; Isoleucine; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Solutions; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Treponema pallidum | 2002 |
Determination of the ionization state and catalytic function of Glu-133 in peptide deformylase by difference FTIR spectroscopy.
Topics: Absorption; Alanine; Amides; Amidohydrolases; Amino Acid Substitution; Aminopeptidases; Aspartic Acid; Buffers; Catalysis; Chlorides; Cobalt; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Metalloproteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protons; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared | 2002 |
Hb G Makassar (beta 6:Glu-Ala) in a Thai family.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Asian People; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Globins; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Humans; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pregnancy; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Thailand | 2002 |
Electrostatic contributions to site specific DNA cleavage by EcoRV endonuclease.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Cations, Divalent; Crystallography, X-Ray; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; DNA, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Manganese; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Static Electricity | 2002 |
Crystallographic investigation of the role of aspartate 95 in the modulation of the redox potentials of Desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Flavin Mononucleotide; Flavodoxin; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydroquinones; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2002 |
Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved charged amino acid residues in ClpB from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids, Acidic; Amino Acids, Basic; Arginine; Conserved Sequence; Endopeptidase Clp; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Threonine | 2002 |
Detailed kinetic analysis and identification of the nucleophile in alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T-6, a family 51 glycoside hydrolase.
Topics: Alanine; Azides; Bacillaceae; Catalytic Domain; Cell Wall; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cloning, Molecular; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; Glutamic Acid; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Models, Chemical; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Sodium Azide; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Time Factors | 2002 |
Structural defects within the carbamate tunnel of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; Carbamates; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing); Carbamyl Phosphate; Catalysis; Conserved Sequence; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Methionine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Subunits | 2002 |
Effect of a new injectable male contraceptive on the seminal plasma amino acids studied by proton NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Contraceptive Agents, Male; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Injections; Isoleucine; Leucine; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Maleates; Polyesters; Polystyrenes; Semen; Styrenes; Valine; Vas Deferens | 2002 |
Adult primitive neuroectodermal tumor: proton MR spectroscopic findings with possible application for differential diagnosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Astrocytoma; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies | 2002 |
Compartmentation of metabolism probed by [2-13C]alanine: improved 13C NMR sensitivity using a CryoProbe detects evidence of a glial metabolon.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Compartmentation; Citric Acid Cycle; Electronics; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Pyruvate Carboxylase; Sensitivity and Specificity | 2003 |
The impact of Glu-->Ala and Glu-->Asp mutations on the crystallization properties of RhoGDI: the structure of RhoGDI at 1.3 A resolution.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors | 2002 |
Valine 114 replacements in archaeal elongation factor 1 alpha enhanced its ability to interact with aminoacyl-tRNA and kirromycin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Archaeal Proteins; Glutamic Acid; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Hot Temperature; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Elongation Factor 1; Protein Denaturation; Pyridones; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfolobus; Valine | 2002 |
Chemical rescue of proton transfer in catalysis by carbonic anhydrases in the beta- and gamma-class.
Topics: Alanine; Arabidopsis Proteins; Archaeal Proteins; Asparagine; Carbonic Anhydrase II; Carbonic Anhydrases; Catalysis; Electron Transport; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Isoenzymes; Methanosarcina; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protons | 2002 |
Solute accumulation in the deep-sea bacterium Photobacterium profundum.
Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adaptation, Physiological; Alanine; Betaine; Biological Transport; Glutamic Acid; Hydrostatic Pressure; Intracellular Fluid; Models, Biological; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Photobacterium; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Temperature; Water Microbiology; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 2002 |
Identification of mouse MD-2 residues important for forming the cell surface TLR4-MD-2 complex recognized by anti-TLR4-MD-2 antibodies, and for conferring LPS and taxol responsiveness on mouse TLR4 by alanine-scanning mutagenesis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Ly; Aspartic Acid; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Drosophila Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ligands; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Antigen 96; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Paclitaxel; Receptors, Cell Surface; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Toll-Like Receptors; Transfection | 2003 |
Structural and thermodynamic studies on a salt-bridge triad in the NADP-binding domain of glutamate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima: cooperativity and electrostatic contribution to stability.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cysteine; Enzyme Stability; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NADP; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Salts; Serine; Static Electricity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics; Thermotoga maritima; Urea | 2002 |
Amino acid substitutions at position 43 of NaeI endonuclease. Evidence for changes in NaeI structure.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Chromatography; Circular Dichroism; Crystallography, X-Ray; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; Dimerization; DNA Ligases; DNA Restriction Enzymes; DNA Topoisomerases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Leucine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Temperature; Ultraviolet Rays | 2003 |
Effect of partial substitution of dietary protein by a single gluconeogenic dispensable amino acid on hepatic glucose metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Food Deprivation; Fructose-Bisphosphatase; Glucokinase; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP); Pyruvate Kinase; RNA, Messenger | 2003 |
Structural and biochemical studies of inhibitor binding to human cytomegalovirus protease.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Binding, Competitive; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytomegalovirus; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Serine Endopeptidases; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Structure-Activity Relationship; Water | 2003 |
Identification of a surface charged residue in the S3-S4 linker of the pacemaker (HCN) channel that influences activation gating.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oocytes; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Thermodynamics; Xenopus | 2003 |
Differential responses of an invariant region in the ectodomain of three glycoprotein hormone receptors to mutagenesis and assay conditions.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Colforsin; COS Cells; Cyclic AMP; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Receptors, FSH; Receptors, LH; Receptors, Thyrotropin; Transfection | 2002 |
Slow binding of retinal to rhodopsin mutants G90D and T94D.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Night Blindness; Protein Binding; Protein Denaturation; Retinaldehyde; Rhodopsin; Schiff Bases; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Threonine | 2003 |
Engineered fibronectin type III domain with a RGDWXE sequence binds with enhanced affinity and specificity to human alphavbeta3 integrin.
Topics: Alanine; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biotinylation; Cell Adhesion; DNA Primers; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fibronectins; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Integrin alphaVbeta3; Kinetics; Molecular Conformation; Oligopeptides; Peptide Fragments; Peptide Library; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Tryptophan; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2003 |
Motor domain mutation traps kinesin as a microtubule rigor complex.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Dimerization; Drosophila Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolysis; Kinesins; Kinetics; Microtubules; Molecular Motor Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Static Electricity | 2003 |
Regulation of the RYR1 and RYR2 Ca2+ release channel isoforms by Ca2+-insensitive mutants of calmodulin.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calmodulin; Glutamic Acid; Muscle, Skeletal; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myocardium; Point Mutation; Protein Isoforms; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Swine | 2003 |
The effect of burn plasma on skeletal muscle proteolysis in rats.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Burns; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Leucine; Male; Muscle Proteins; Muscle, Skeletal; Plasma; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2003 |
NMR determination of pKa values for Asp, Glu, His, and Lys mutants at each variable contiguous enzyme-inhibitor contact position of the turkey ovomucoid third domain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Models, Chemical; Molecular Sequence Data; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Ovomucin; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Thermodynamics; Threonine; Titrimetry; Turkeys | 2003 |
A model of repression: CTD analogs and PIE-1 inhibit transcriptional elongation by P-TEFb.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Blotting, Western; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; COS Cells; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Histidine; Humans; Models, Genetic; Mutation; Nuclear Proteins; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; Protein Binding; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Ribonucleases; RNA Polymerase II; Serine; Transcription, Genetic; Transcriptional Activation; Transfection | 2003 |
Inhibition of glutamine transport depletes glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter pools: further evidence for metabolic compartmentation.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Alanine; Animals; Astrocytes; beta-Alanine; Biological Transport; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Compartmentation; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; Histidine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neuroblastoma; Rats | 2003 |
Plasma amino acid levels in children with autism and their families.
Topics: Adolescent; Alanine; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Asperger Syndrome; Autistic Disorder; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Child; Child, Preschool; Family; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Lysine; Male; Phenylalanine; Tyrosine | 2003 |
Content of ileal EAAC1 and hepatic GLT-1 high-affinity glutamate transporters is increased in growing vs. nongrowing lambs, paralleling increased tissue D- and L-glutamate, plasma glutamine, and alanine concentrations.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ileum; Immunoblotting; Kidney; Liver; Male; Random Allocation; RNA, Messenger; Sheep; Symporters; Up-Regulation | 2003 |
A new mutation of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 (A62E) in a large Egyptian kindred.
Topics: 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Androgens; Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydrotestosterone; Egypt; Female; Gender Identity; Genitalia; Glutamic Acid; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Humans; Male; Mutation; Pedigree | 2003 |
A single amino acid change (substitution of the conserved Glu-590 with alanine) in the C-terminal domain of rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I increases its malonyl-CoA sensitivity close to that observed with the muscle isoform of the enzyme.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Chickens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Immunoblotting; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Malonyl Coenzyme A; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscles; Mutation; Palmitoyl Coenzyme A; Pichia; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Isoforms; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Swine | 2003 |
Distal hinge of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 involves its latency transition and specificities toward serine proteases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; Cell Line, Tumor; Fibrinolysin; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Alignment; Serine Endopeptidases; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Thrombin | 2003 |
Group I mGluR ligands fail to affect 6-hydroxydopamine- induced death and glutamate release of PC12 cells.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Alanine; Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Survival; DNA Fragmentation; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Oxidopamine; PC12 Cells; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2003 |
Inhibition of glutamine synthetase in the mouse kidney: a novel mechanism of adaptation to metabolic acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Actins; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carbon; Female; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kidney; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Tubules; Mice; Models, Biological; Nitrogen; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP); Proline; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Species Specificity; Time Factors | 2003 |
Surface salt bridges modulate DNA wrapping by the type II DNA-binding protein TF1.
Topics: Alanine; Anions; Aspartic Acid; Bacillus subtilis; Bacteriophages; Cations; Cross-Linking Reagents; Dimerization; DNA; DNA-Binding Proteins; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glutamic Acid; Glutaral; Ions; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Pentoxyl; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Salts; Thermotoga maritima; Thymine; Viral Proteins | 2003 |
Stabilization of the activity of ATP-sensitive potassium channels by ion pairs formed between adjacent Kir6.2 subunits.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Dimerization; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kinetics; Mice; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Point Mutation; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2003 |
Effects of chronic lithium and sodium valproate on concentrations of brain amino acids.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lithium; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine; Valproic Acid | 2003 |
Gating competence of constitutively open CLC-0 mutants revealed by the interaction with a small organic Inhibitor.
Topics: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; Alanine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Chloride Channels; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Ion Channel Gating; Kinetics; Linear Models; Models, Biological; Mutation; Oocytes; Serine; Torpedo; Xenopus | 2003 |
Determinants of binding affinity and specificity for the interaction of TEM-1 and SME-1 beta-lactamase with beta-lactamase inhibitory protein.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; beta-Lactamases; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Epitopes; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary | 2003 |
Requirement of a Tha4-conserved transmembrane glutamate in thylakoid Tat translocase assembly revealed by biochemical complementation.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Cross-Linking Reagents; DNA, Complementary; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Proteins; Models, Genetic; Pisum sativum; Plant Proteins; Point Mutation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Transport; Thylakoids | 2003 |
On the structural and functional importance of the highly conserved Glu56 of Thermus thermophilus L4 ribosomal protein.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Catalytic Domain; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Ribosomal Proteins; Ribosomes; Sequence Alignment; Serine; Thermus thermophilus | 2003 |
High tumorigenic potential of a constitutively active mutant of the cholecystokinin 2 receptor.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Animals; Carcinogenicity Tests; Cell Division; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Enzyme Activation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Nude; Ornithine Decarboxylase; Point Mutation; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Type C Phospholipases | 2003 |
Bacterial synthesis of alanine and glutamate.
Topics: Alanine; Biochemical Phenomena; Enterobacter aerogenes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Pyruvates | 1952 |
Synthesis of glutamic acid and alanine by Salmonella pullorum.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Salmonella; Salmonella enterica | 1953 |
[Studies on L(+)-Glutamic acid metabolism. II. Changes in the blood picture affecting the free amino acids after glutamic acid administration].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Blood; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans | 1955 |
The isolation of glycine, alanine, leucine, arginine, and glutamic acid for radiometric assay in tracer experiments.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Leucine | 1957 |
The conversion of glucose into alanine and glutamic acid by rat liver, liver tumour and kidney in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kidney; Liver Neoplasms; Rats | 1957 |
D-glutamic acid and D-alanine as constituents of spores of Bacillus megatherium.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus megaterium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Spores, Bacterial | 1957 |
The incorporation of non-carboxyl carbon into glutamic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid by the rat.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Rats | 1958 |
Palliative treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy; value of glycine-alanine-glutamic acid combination.
Topics: Alanine; Dipeptides; Fabaceae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Hypertrophy; Male; Palliative Care; Prostatic Hyperplasia | 1958 |
The alanine and oxo acid concentrations in mesenteric blood during the absorption of L-glutamic acid by the small intestine of the dog, cat and rabbit in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cats; Dogs; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutarates; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Mesentery; Rabbits | 1958 |
[Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine content of heart, diaphragm and skeletal muscles in fasting guinea pigs].
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Diaphragm; Fasting; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscles; Myocardium | 1958 |
Studies on the metabolism of kynurenic acid. I. The formation of L-glutamic acid, D- and L-alanine, and acetic acid from kynurenic acid by Pseudomonas extracts.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Alanine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Pseudomonas | 1961 |
Metabolic characterization of the genus Brucella. I. Statistical evaluation of the oxidative rates by which type I of each species can be identified.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arabinose; Arginine; Asparagine; Brucella; Brucella abortus; Brucella melitensis; Brucella suis; Brucellosis; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Galactose; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Ornithine; Oxidation-Reduction; Ribose; Xylose | 1961 |
[Effect of glutamic acid, asparagine, glycocoll and alanine on the contractile function of the skeletal muscle and on its sensitization to potassium ions].
Topics: Alanine; Asparagine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ions; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscles; Potassium | 1962 |
The effect of growth hormone on the incorporation of N15 from ammonium citrate, glycine, L-aspartic acid, L-alanine and L-glutamic acid into amino acids of liver protein.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Citrates; Citric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Growth Hormone; Human Growth Hormone; Liver; Proteins; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | 1961 |
Gamma irradiation of polypeptides: transformation of amino acids.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Methionine; Peptides; Phenylalanine; Proline; Radiation Effects; Tyrosine | 1963 |
Requirement of an alkaline pH and ammonia for substrate oxidation by Bacillus pasteurii.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Ammonium Compounds; Bacillus; Citric Acid Cycle; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxidation-Reduction; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sodium | 1962 |
The effect of D-glutamic acid upon spheroplast formation in Escherichia coli B.
Topics: Alanine; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Methionine; Spheroplasts | 1962 |
EFFECT OF TETRACYCLINES ON THE INTRACELLULAR AMINO ACIDS OF MOLDS.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Fungi; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Phenylalanine; Proline; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Tyrosine | 1963 |
THE BREAKDOWN AND BIOSYNTHESIS OF GLUTAMIC ACID.
Topics: Acetobacter; Alanine; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Clostridium; Escherichia coli; Eukaryota; Fusobacterium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Micrococcus; Peptococcus; Proteins; Pseudomonas; Rhodospirillum; Rumen; Saccharomyces; Streptococcus | 1963 |
SOME PROPERTIES OF A D-ALANINE D-GLUTAMATE AMINOTRANSFERASE PURIFIED FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus subtilis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Glutamic Acid; Research; Transaminases | 1963 |
EFFECT OF PH AND AMMONIUM IONS ON THE PERMEABILITY OF BACILLUS PASTEURII.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonium Compounds; Bacillus; Biological Transport; Fumarates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ions; Isoleucine; Metabolism; Muramidase; Permeability; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Research | 1963 |
EFFECTS OF DIELDRIN OR DDT IN VIVO ON ALPHA-ALANINE, GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRATE, GLUTAMINE, AND GLUTAMATE IN RAT BRAIN.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Brain; DDT; Dieldrin; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Pharmacology; Proteins; Rats; Research; Toxicology | 1964 |
EFFECT OF SPORULATION MEDIUM ON HEAT RESISTANCE, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND GERMINATION OF BACILLUS MEGATERIUM SPORES.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus megaterium; Bacteriological Techniques; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Culture Media; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Leucine; Nitrates; Phosphates; Picolinic Acids; Potassium; Proline; Research; Spores; Spores, Bacterial | 1964 |
EFFECT OF INSULIN IN VITRO ON INCORPORATION OF 14-D FROM PYRUVATE INTO THE PROTEIN OF ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM IN THE PRESENCE OF (12-CALANINE,(12-C)ASPARTIC ACID AND(12-C)GLUTAMIC ACID.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Carbon Isotopes; Diaphragm; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Muscles; Pharmacology; Proteins; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Research | 1964 |
THE USE OF AMINO ACIDS AS STATIONARY PHASE IN GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY. 1. MONOSODIUM L-GLUTAMATE.
Topics: Alanine; Alcohols; Amino Acids; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gas; Fatty Acids; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isoleucine; Leucine; Nitrogen; Research; Valine | 1964 |
[DEMONSTRATION OF D OPTICAL ISOMERS OF GLUTAMIC ACID AND ALANINE IN THE SEDIMENTABLE MEMBRANE FRACTION OF A STABLE BACTERIAL L FORM].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Sugars; Chromatography; Clostridium perfringens; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isomerism; L Forms; Metabolism; Peptides; Proteus; Pyruvates; Research | 1964 |
ANTIGENICITY OF POLYPEPTIDES (POLY ALPHA AMINO ACIDS). XII. IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH A NEW GROUP OF SYNTHETIC COPOLYMERS.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Immunoelectrophoresis; Lysine; Peptides; Polymers; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Research; Tyrosine; Valine | 1964 |
THE OXIDATION OF GLUTAMATE AND ALANINE BY LIVER MITOCHONDRIA.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Chloramines; Fumarates; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Malonates; Manometry; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidation-Reduction; Pharmacology; Rats; Research | 1964 |
ENHANCEMENT BY L-GLUTAMATE AND L-ALANINE OF ARGININE PROTECTION AGAINST HYDRAZINE TOXICITY.
Topics: Alanine; Antidotes; Arginine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrazines; Mice; Pharmacology; Research; Toxicology | 1964 |
[ACTIVITY OF GLUTAMATE ASPARTATE AND GLUTAMINE ALANINE TRANSAMINASES IN HUMAN FETAL TISSUES].
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; D-Alanine Transaminase; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Metabolism; Transaminases | 1964 |
RECIPROCAL CHANGES IN ALANINE AND GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITIES AFTER EXPOSURE OF CRYSTALLINE BOVINE L-GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE TO ORGANIC MERCURY.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Alanine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Cattle; Centrifugation; Diethylstilbestrol; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotides; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxides; Kinetics; Mercury; Research; Spectrophotometry | 1965 |
CONTROL OF GLUTAMATE METABOLISM. THE EFFECT OF PYRUVATE.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Carbon Isotopes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Keto Acids; Liver; Lyases; Mitochondria; Oxaloacetates; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Radiometry; Research | 1965 |
[FREE AMINO ACIDS IN RETICULOCYTES; THE ACTIVITY OF GLYCINE, ALANINE AND GLUTAMATE IN SHORT-TERM INCUBATION].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Dinitrophenols; Glucose; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Ketoglutaric Acids; Metabolism; Rabbits; Research; Reticulocytes | 1964 |
EFFECTS OF DIELDRIN, PICROTOXIN AND TELODRIN ON THE METABOLISM OF AMMONIA IN BRAIN.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dieldrin; Furans; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactates; Metabolism; Pharmacology; Picrotoxin; Rats; Seizures | 1965 |
RATE OF UTILIZATION OF GLUCOSE AND 'COMPARTMENTATION' OF ALPHA-OXOGLUTARATE AND GLUTAMATE IN RAT BRAIN.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Blood; Blood Glucose; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kinetics; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Research | 1965 |
Utilization and transfer of nitrogen from glycine, 1-alanine, 1-glutamic acid and 1-aspartic acid during cessation and induction of growth.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Biochemical Phenomena; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Growth Hormone; Nitrogen | 1959 |
Alpha-keto acids in vitamin-free casein hydrolyzates (acid).
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Caseins; Glutamic Acid; Keto Acids; Pyruvic Acid; Vitamins | 1959 |
The N-terminal amino acids of human plasma proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Blood Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Leucine; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2; Tyrosine; Valine | 1962 |
Concentrations of free amino acids in blood plasma of rats force-fed L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine or L-alanine.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Diet; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Nutrition Assessment; Rats | 1962 |
Stimulation by surangin B of endogenous amino acid release from synaptosomes.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Carboxin; Coumarins; Fungicides, Industrial; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insecticides; Male; Mice; Mitochondria; Multienzyme Complexes; Presynaptic Terminals; Rotenone; Serine; Synaptosomes; Taurine; Uncoupling Agents | 2003 |
A pilot study to investigate effects of inulin on Caco-2 cells through in vitro metabolic fingerprinting.
Topics: Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Caco-2 Cells; Colon; Fermentation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inulin; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Niacin; Niacinamide; Proline; Succinic Acid | 2003 |
Relaxing the nicotinamide cofactor specificity of phosphite dehydrogenase by rational design.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Computer Simulation; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADP; Niacinamide; Protein Engineering; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substrate Specificity; Thermodynamics | 2003 |
Oral glutamine attenuates surgical manipulation-induced alterations in the intestinal brush border membrane.
Topics: Alanine; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Biological Transport; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Glycine; Intestines; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Microvilli; Oxidative Stress; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
Sugar recognition by human galactokinase.
Topics: Alanine; Arabidopsis Proteins; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carbohydrates; Galactokinase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Mutation; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); Solubility; Substrate Specificity | 2003 |
Structural characterization of the peroxodiiron(III) intermediate generated during oxygen activation by the W48A/D84E variant of ribonucleotide reductase protein R2 from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Escherichia coli Proteins; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Oxygen; Oxygenases; Protein Subunits; Ribonucleotide Reductases; Spectroscopy, Mossbauer; Spectrum Analysis; Tryptophan; X-Rays | 2003 |
Glycosynthase activity of Bacillus licheniformis 1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase mutants: specificity, kinetics, and mechanism.
Topics: Alanine; Bacillus; Carbohydrate Sequence; Catalysis; Chromogenic Compounds; Disaccharides; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide; Glutamic Acid; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Monosaccharides; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Substrate Specificity | 2003 |
N-terminal modifications increase the neutral-pH stability of pepsin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Catalysis; Circular Dichroism; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pepsin A; Pepsinogen A; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Swine; Threonine | 2003 |
Role of His-16 in turnover of T4 pyrimidine dimer glycosylase.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Cell Survival; Cysteine; Dimerization; DNA; DNA Glycosylases; DNA Repair; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Biological; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Oligonucleotides; Phenotype; Plasmids; Serine; Time Factors; Ultraviolet Rays | 2004 |
Enzymatic and molecular characteristics of the efficiency and specificity of exfoliative toxin cleavage of desmoglein 1.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Macroglobulins; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Cadherins; Desmoglein 1; DNA, Complementary; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Peptides; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Precipitin Tests; Protein Binding; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Staphylococcus aureus; Time Factors; Toxins, Biological | 2004 |
Negative charge at amino acid 149 is the molecular determinant for substrate specificity of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase for phosphatidylcholine containing 20-carbon sn-2 fatty acyl chains.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; CHO Cells; COS Cells; Cricetinae; Fatty Acids; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kinetics; Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase; Phosphatidylcholines; Rats; Static Electricity; Substrate Specificity | 2003 |
Core formation in Escherichia coli bacterioferritin requires a functional ferroxidase center.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Catalysis; Ceruloplasmin; Copper; Cytochrome b Group; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Reactivators; Escherichia coli Proteins; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Static Electricity; Zinc | 2003 |
A comparative study of amino acid consumption by rat islet cells and the clonal beta-cell line BRIN-BD11 - the functional significance of L-alanine.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Cell Line; Clone Cells; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
Aspartate 345 of the dopamine transporter is critical for conformational changes in substrate translocation and cocaine binding.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Biotinylation; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cocaine; Cystine; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Ligands; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mesylates; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Phenotype; Piperazines; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Transport; Sodium; Time Factors; Zinc | 2004 |
Altered proteolytic activities of ADAMTS-4 expressed by C-terminal processing.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS4 Protein; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Carrier Proteins; Cartilage, Articular; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Chondroitin Sulfates; Cloning, Molecular; Decorin; DNA, Complementary; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Epitopes; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Fibromodulin; Gene Deletion; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolysis; Interleukin-1; Metalloendopeptidases; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Plasmids; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Proteoglycans; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substrate Specificity; Swine; Time Factors; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Transferrin | 2004 |
A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2.
Topics: Alanine; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Carboxypeptidases; Cell Line; Cysteine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mutation; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Transfection; Viral Envelope Proteins | 2004 |
Disentangling the web of allosteric communication in a homotetramer: heterotropic inhibition of phosphofructokinase from Bacillus stearothermophilus.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Allosteric Site; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Fructosephosphates; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; Glutamic Acid; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Phosphofructokinase-1; Protein Structure, Secondary; Substrate Specificity | 2004 |
Ionic currents mediated by a prokaryotic homologue of CLC Cl- channels.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Anions; Antiporters; Bacterial Proteins; Chloride Channels; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation | 2004 |
Differences in recurrent COL7A1 mutations in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: ethnic-specific and worldwide recurrent mutations.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Asian People; Collagen Type VII; Cysteine; Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica; Gene Deletion; Gene Frequency; Global Health; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Japan; Mutation; Recurrence; United Kingdom | 2004 |
Inhibitory actions of serotonin on glutamate release in dorsal medulla suppress systemic arterial pressure of cats.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microdialysis; Neural Inhibition; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Roles of N-terminal region residues Lys11, Arg13, and Arg24 of antithrombin in heparin recognition and in promotion and stabilization of the heparin-induced conformational change.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Antithrombins; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Heparin; Humans; Ions; Kinetics; Lysine; Oligosaccharides; Peptide Fragments; Protease Inhibitors; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary | 2004 |
Superoxide reductase from Desulfoarculus baarsii: identification of protonation steps in the enzymatic mechanism.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Deltaproteobacteria; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isoleucine; Lysine; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Protons; Pulse Radiolysis; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrum Analysis; Superoxides | 2004 |
Glucose-deprivation-induced [3H]D-aspartate release from isolated bovine and human retinae.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biguanides; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cattle; D-Aspartic Acid; Diltiazem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nitrendipine; omega-Conotoxins; Perfusion; Piperidines; Polyamines; Receptors, Glutamate; Retina; Tritium; Verapamil | 2003 |
The Q267E mutation in the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) causes congenital iodide transport defect (ITD) by decreasing the NIS turnover number.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Asparagine; Biological Transport; Biotinylation; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; COS Cells; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Iodides; Kinetics; Mutation, Missense; Sodium; Symporters; Thyroid Gland | 2004 |
Tazobactam forms a stoichiometric trans-enamine intermediate in the E166A variant of SHV-1 beta-lactamase: 1.63 A crystal structure.
Topics: Acylation; Alanine; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Penicillanic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Tazobactam | 2004 |
Nitrogen metabolism in the African lungfish (Protopterus dolloi) aestivating in a mucus cocoon on land.
Topics: Africa; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Estivation; Fishes; Glutamic Acid; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 2004 |
The impact of Lys-->Arg surface mutations on the crystallization of the globular domain of RhoGDI.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Epitopes; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Plasmids; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; rho Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor alpha; rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors; Temperature | 2004 |
Three-dimensional structure of kynureninase from Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolases; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Folding; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid | 2004 |
Aspartate transporter expression and activity in hypertrophic rat heart and ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blotting, Western; Cardiomegaly; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heart; Heart Rate; Ischemia; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Male; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reperfusion; Reperfusion Injury; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sarcolemma; Symporters; Ventricular Pressure | 2004 |
Tracer studies on the metabolism of the Gardner lymphosarcoma. IV. The conversion of lactate-2-C14 to alanine, glutamate, and aspartate by tumor and spleen cells.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasms; Spleen | 1951 |
Resonance Raman spectroscopy reveals the origin of an intermediate wavelength form in photoactive yellow protein.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacterial Proteins; Deuterium Exchange Measurement; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Phenylalanine; Photoreceptors, Microbial; Quantum Theory; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Thermodynamics; Thiocyanates; Threonine; Tyrosine; Valine | 2004 |
The C-terminal domain is the primary determinant of histone H1 binding to chromatin in vivo.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Chromatin; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Histones; Humans; Kinetics; Luminescent Proteins; Lysine; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Multigene Family; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Threonine; Time Factors; Transfection | 2004 |
B beta Glu397 and B beta Asp398 but not B beta Asp432 are required for "B:b" interactions.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Batroxobin; Calcium; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Fibrinogen; Fibrinopeptide A; Fibrinopeptide B; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Polymers; Protein Binding; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Proteins; Thrombin | 2004 |
Calcium-binding site beta 2, adjacent to the "b" polymerization site, modulates lateral aggregation of protofibrils during fibrin polymerization.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dipeptides; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Fibrinopeptide A; Fibrinopeptide B; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Proteins; Thrombin | 2004 |
Pi-helix preference in unsolvated peptides.
Topics: Alanine; Gases; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Thermodynamics | 2004 |
Glu496 to Ala polymorphism in the P2X7 receptor impairs ATP-induced IL-1 beta release from human monocytes.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Cells, Cultured; Ethidium; Glutamic Acid; Homozygote; Humans; Interleukin-1; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; L-Selectin; Monocytes; Polymorphism, Genetic; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Rubidium Radioisotopes | 2004 |
Microtubule-kinesin interface mutants reveal a site critical for communication.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Cell Communication; Drosophila Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Kinesins; Kinetics; Lysine; Microtubules; Molecular Motor Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; ortho-Aminobenzoates | 2004 |
Residues in the hydrophilic face of putative helix 8 of oxytocin receptor are important for receptor function.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Arginine; Cattle; COS Cells; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxytocin; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Receptors, Oxytocin; Receptors, Vasopressin; Signal Transduction; Transfection | 2004 |
Characterization of the interaction between the N-terminal extension of human cardiac troponin I and troponin C.
Topics: Alanine; Calcium; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Myocardium; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Peptide Fragments; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Proteins; Static Electricity; Troponin C; Troponin I | 2004 |
Ammonium exposure and pyruvate affect the amino acid metabolism of bovine blastocysts in vitro.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Arginine; Blastocyst; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Fertilization in Vitro; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Urea | 2004 |
The putative "nucleation site" in human H-chain ferritin is not required for mineralization of the iron core.
Topics: Alanine; Ceruloplasmin; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Kinetics; Minerals; Oxygen Consumption; Protein Conformation; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry | 2004 |
Repositioning of charged I-II loop amino acid residues within the electric field by beta subunit as a novel working hypothesis for the control of fast P/Q calcium channel inactivation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Autoradiography; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Signaling; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Oocytes; Peptide Biosynthesis; Point Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Static Electricity; Time Factors; Xenopus laevis | 2004 |
Comparison of age estimated from degree of racemization of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine in the femur.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Determination by Skeleton; Aged; Alanine; Cadaver; Chromatography, Gas; D-Aspartic Acid; Femur; Forensic Anthropology; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stereoisomerism | 2004 |
Comparison of bioenergetic activity of primary porcine hepatocytes cultured in four different media.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Albumins; Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Survival; Cell Transplantation; Culture Media; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Energy Metabolism; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hepatocytes; Keto Acids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Succinates; Swine; Time Factors; Urea | 2004 |
Glutamine kinetics and protein turnover in end-stage renal disease.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Arteries; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Muscle, Skeletal; Phenylalanine; Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Veins | 2005 |
Molecular determinants of frequency dependence and Ca2+ potentiation of verapamil block in the pore region of Cav1.2.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Barium; Binding Sites; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cells, Cultured; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Kinetics; Mutation; Permeability; Phenylalanine; Threonine; Verapamil | 2004 |
Studies of SpoIIAB mutant proteins elucidate the mechanisms that regulate the developmental transcription factor sigmaF in Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Multiprotein Complexes; Mutation; Nucleotides; Phenotype; Phosphorylation; Sigma Factor; Threonine | 2004 |
Substitutions of glutamate 110 and 111 in the middle helix 4 of human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) by alanine affect the structure and in vitro functions of apoA-I and induce severe hypertriglyceridemia in apoA-I-deficient mice.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Apolipoprotein A-I; Apolipoprotein C-II; Apolipoproteins C; Apolipoproteins E; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Cholesterol; Chromatography, Liquid; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; In Vitro Techniques; Lipoproteins; Lipoproteins, HDL; Lipoproteins, IDL; Lipoproteins, VLDL; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase; RNA, Messenger; Triglycerides | 2004 |
The effect of sugar, amino acid, metal ion, and NaCl on model Maillard reaction under pH control.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arabinose; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Biochemistry; Carbohydrates; Colorimetry; Copper; Cysteine; Fructose; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine max; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ions; Iron; Isoleucine; Leucine; Lysine; Maltose; Metals; Models, Chemical; Phenylalanine; Proline; Serine; Sodium Chloride; Temperature; Time Factors; Valine; Xylose | 2004 |
Properties of P-glycoprotein with mutations in the "catalytic carboxylate" glutamate residues.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Binding, Competitive; Carboxylic Acids; Catalysis; Dimerization; Dithiothreitol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Lipid Metabolism; Lysine; Mice; Models, Chemical; Mutation; Pichia; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Time Factors; Vanadates | 2004 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis GroEL homologues unusually exist as lower oligomers and retain the ability to suppress aggregation of substrate proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Chaperonin 60; Chaperonins; Circular Dichroism; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Glutamic Acid; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Protein Folding | 2004 |
The respective N-hydroxypyrazole analogues of the classical glutamate receptor ligands ibotenic acid and (RS)-2-amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)acetic acid.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Membrane Potentials; Models, Molecular; N-Methylaspartate; Pyrazoles; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thermodynamics; Tritium | 2004 |
Gliotoxins disrupt alanine metabolism and glutathione production in C6 glioma cells: a 13C NMR spectroscopic study.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Dicarboxylic Acids; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glioma; Gliotoxin; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glycine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indicators and Reagents; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Pyrrolidines | 2004 |
The coupling of structural fluctuations to hydride transfer in dihydrofolate reductase.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Computer Simulation; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Oxygen; Protein Structure, Secondary; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase | 2004 |
A highly stable short alpha-helix constrained by a main-chain hydrogen-bond surrogate.
Topics: Alanine; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2004 |
Helical polymer carrying helical grafts from peptide-based acetylene macromonomers: synthesis.
Topics: Acetylene; Alanine; Anhydrides; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Methylene Chloride; Pargyline; Peptides; Polymers; Propylamines; Solvents | 2004 |
Mutational analysis of the nuclease domain of Escherichia coli ribonuclease III. Identification of conserved acidic residues that are important for catalytic function in vitro.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Base Sequence; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Conserved Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Manganese; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Subunits; Ribonuclease III; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid | 2004 |
Many amino acid substitutions in a hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF)-1alpha-like peptide cause only minor changes in its hydroxylation by the HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases: substitution of 3,4-dehydroproline or azetidine-2-carboxylic acid for the p
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Animals; Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Baculoviridae; Cell Line; Chromatography, Liquid; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydroxylation; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Insecta; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kinetics; Leucine; Mass Spectrometry; Methionine; Models, Chemical; Peptides; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase; Proline; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors; Transcription Factors | 2004 |
Glycine-induced neurotoxicity in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Strychnine; Taurine | 2005 |
Inhibitor-resistant class A beta-lactamases: consequences of the Ser130-to-Gly mutation seen in Apo and tazobactam structures of the SHV-1 variant.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Apoenzymes; beta-Lactam Resistance; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme Inhibitors; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrolysis; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Penicillanic Acid; Serine; Tazobactam | 2004 |
Role of lysine-256 in Citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase in monovalent cation activation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Cations, Monovalent; Citrobacter freundii; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Potassium; Protein Binding; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rabbits; Spectrophotometry; Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase | 2004 |
Jak2 tyrosine kinase residues glutamic acid 1024 and arginine 1113 form a hydrogen bond interaction that is essential for Jak-STAT signal transduction.
Topics: Alanine; Algorithms; Amino Acid Sequence; Angiotensin II; Animals; Arginine; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; COS Cells; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytoplasm; DNA-Binding Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Dominant; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Immunoprecipitation; Janus Kinase 2; Luciferases; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Signal Transduction; STAT1 Transcription Factor; Structure-Activity Relationship; Trans-Activators; Transfection; Tyrosine | 2004 |
Planotetraspora silvatica sp. nov. and emended description of the genus Planotetraspora.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Alanine; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cell Wall; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Genes, rRNA; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Spores, Bacterial; Vitamin K 2 | 2004 |
Effect of amino acid substitutions in the rad50 ATP binding domain on DNA double strand break repair in yeast.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Arginine; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Endonucleases; Gamma Rays; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Mutation; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombination, Genetic; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Time Factors | 2005 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aqr1 is an internal-membrane transporter involved in excretion of amino acids.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; beta-Galactosidase; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endocytosis; Exocytosis; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homoserine; Membrane Transport Proteins; Methylamines; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Biological; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; Mutation; Oligonucleotides; Plasmids; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Threonine; Time Factors | 2004 |
The E46K mutation in alpha-synuclein increases amyloid fibril formation.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Synuclein; Amino Acid Sequence; Amyloid; Blotting, Western; Calpain; Chromatography, Gel; Circular Dichroism; DNA, Complementary; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Conformation; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Synucleins; Time Factors | 2005 |
Energetics of proton transfer pathways in reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The Glu-H173 activated mutants.
Topics: Alanine; Cysteine; Cytoplasm; Electron Transport; Electrons; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Nitrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Protons; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Software | 2005 |
Kinetic analysis of the zinc-dependent deacetylase in the lipid A biosynthetic pathway.
Topics: Alanine; Amidohydrolases; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lipid A; Lysine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Substrate Specificity; Zinc | 2005 |
Structure-guided mutational analysis of the nucleotidyltransferase domain of Escherichia coli NAD+-dependent DNA ligase (LigA).
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Anti-Infective Agents; Arginine; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; DNA Ligases; DNA Mutational Analysis; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Mutation, Missense; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors | 2005 |
[Detection of amino acid neurotransmitters in cerebrospinal fluid of patients in persistent vegetative state].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Child; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Persistent Vegetative State | 2005 |
Evolution of enzymatic activities in the orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase suprafamily: enhancing the promiscuous D-arabino-hex-3-ulose 6-phosphate synthase reaction catalyzed by 3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase.
Topics: Alanine; Aldehyde-Lyases; Aldehydes; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Carboxy-Lyases; Catalysis; Decarboxylation; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli Proteins; Evolution, Molecular; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Ketoses; Methylomonas; Orotidine-5'-Phosphate Decarboxylase; Ribulosephosphates; Stereoisomerism; Threonine; Valine | 2005 |
Evolution of enzymatic activities in the orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase suprafamily: structural basis for catalytic promiscuity in wild-type and designed mutants of 3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Carboxy-Lyases; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli Proteins; Evolution, Molecular; Glutamic Acid; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Orotidine-5'-Phosphate Decarboxylase; Ribulosephosphates; Substrate Specificity; Threonine | 2005 |
Changes in tissue protein synthesis are involved in regulating urea synthesis in rats given proteins of different quality.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Caseins; Dietary Proteins; Egg Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutens; Homeostasis; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Serine; Urea | 2004 |
Effects of KATP channel modulation on myocardial glycogen content, lactate, and amino acids in nonischemic and ischemic rat hearts.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Diazoxide; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Glycogen; Lactic Acid; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2005 |
The selectivity filter of the cation channel TRPM4.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Biotinylation; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cation Transport Proteins; Cations; Cell Line; Electrophysiology; Gene Deletion; Genes, Dominant; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Magnesium; Membrane Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phenotype; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Time Factors; TRPM Cation Channels | 2005 |
FAD semiquinone stability regulates single- and two-electron reduction of quinones by Anabaena PCC7119 ferredoxin:NADP+ reductase and its Glu301Ala mutant.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Anabaena; Electrons; Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinones | 2005 |
Domain 2 of the urokinase receptor contains an integrin-interacting epitope with intrinsic signaling activity: generation of a new integrin inhibitor.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Alanine; Animals; Aorta; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line; Cell Movement; Chemotaxis; Cytoskeleton; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epitopes; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; Integrin alphaVbeta3; Integrins; Mice; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mutation; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; NIH 3T3 Cells; Peptides; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; Signal Transduction; Temperature; Time Factors; Transfection; Tyrphostins | 2005 |
Point mutations at the type I Cu ligands, Cys457 and Met467, and at the putative proton donor, Asp105, in Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase and reactions with dioxygen.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Copper; Cysteine; Dithionite; Fungal Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hypocreales; Ligands; Methionine; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Oxygen; Point Mutation; Protons; Serine | 2005 |
Identification and structural determination of the M(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor basolateral sorting signal.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biophysics; Cell Line; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA, Complementary; Dogs; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Peptides; Phenylalanine; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Signal Transduction; Temperature; Transfection | 2005 |
Chimeric mutations in the M2 segment of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-gated chloride channel MOD-1 define a minimal determinant of anion/cation permeability.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anions; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Cations; Chloride Channels; Conserved Sequence; Electrophysiology; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Ligands; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Oocytes; Permeability; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Protein Binding; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serotonin; Sodium Chloride; Xenopus laevis | 2005 |
Calcium-binding properties of wild-type and EF-hand mutants of S100B in the presence and absence of a peptide derived from the C-terminal negative regulatory domain of p53.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Calcium; EF Hand Motifs; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Growth Factors; Peptide Fragments; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Terbium; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Tumor Suppressor Proteins | 2005 |
H662 is the linchpin of ATP hydrolysis in the nucleotide-binding domain of the ABC transporter HlyB.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hemolysin Proteins; Histidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrolysis; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2005 |
MRL/lpr mice have alterations in brain metabolism as shown with [1H-13C] NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Brain Edema; Carbon Radioisotopes; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolysis; Lactic Acid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Protons; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Stereoselective syntheses of 4-hydroxy 4-substituted glutamic acids.
Topics: Alanine; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Catalysis; Cyclization; Glutamic Acid; Indicators and Reagents; Indoles; Molecular Structure; Stereoisomerism | 2005 |
Single amino acid substitution in the putative transmembrane helix V in KdpB of the KdpFABC complex of Escherichia coli uncouples ATPase activity and ion transport.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport, Active; Cation Transport Proteins; Cations, Monovalent; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli Proteins; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Ion Channel Gating; Lysine; Membrane Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Potassium; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Subunits; Proteolipids; Vanadates | 2005 |
Analysis of active site residues of botulinum neurotoxin E by mutational, functional, and structural studies: Glu335Gln is an apoenzyme.
Topics: Alanine; Apoenzymes; Arginine; Asparagine; Binding Sites; Botulinum Toxins; Catalysis; Crystallization; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Neprilysin; Neurotoxins; Protease Inhibitors; Substrate Specificity; Thermolysin; Threonine; Tyrosine | 2005 |
Key role of conserved histidines in recombinant mouse beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; beta Carotene; beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase; Catalysis; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Conserved Sequence; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Iron; Kinetics; Mice; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Oxygenases; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Vitamin A | 2005 |
Identification of Ser153 in ICL2 of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor as a phosphorylation-independent site for inhibition of Gq coupling.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; COS Cells; DNA Primers; Epitopes; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; Hydrolysis; Immunoblotting; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, LHRH; Serine; Threonine; Time Factors; Transfection | 2005 |
Identification of novel targets of cephaloridine in rabbit renal proximal tubules synthesizing glutamine from alanine.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephaloridine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Rabbits; Time Factors | 2005 |
Mutational analysis of the human 2B4 (CD244)/CD48 interaction: Lys68 and Glu70 in the V domain of 2B4 are critical for CD48 binding and functional activation of NK cells.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Surface; CD48 Antigen; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Dimerization; DNA Mutational Analysis; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Killer Cells, Natural; Lymphocyte Activation; Lysine; Melanoma, Experimental; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Immunologic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family | 2005 |
Topiramate prevents excitotoxic damage in the newborn rodent brain.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Cerebral Palsy; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fructose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Ibotenic Acid; Infant, Newborn; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Topiramate; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Identification of determinants of ligand binding affinity and selectivity in the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cell Movement; Chemotactic Factors; Chemotaxis; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eicosanoids; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Kinetics; Ligands; Mice; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Phenylalanine; Prostaglandins; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Tyrosine | 2005 |
A Glu113Ala mutation within a factor VIII Ca2+-binding site enhances cofactor interactions in factor Xase.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Binding Sites; Blood Coagulation Tests; Blood Platelets; Calcium; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; COS Cells; Cricetinae; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Factor IXa; Factor VIII; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Neoplasm Proteins; Phospholipids; Platelet Activation; Thrombin | 2005 |
Differential roles of mGlu8 receptors in the regulation of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid release at periaqueductal grey level.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzoates; Colforsin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Isoquinolines; Male; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Periaqueductal Gray; Phosphoserine; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sulfonamides; Time Factors | 2005 |
A binding site tyrosine shapes desensitization kinetics and agonist potency at GluR2. A mutagenic, kinetic, and crystallographic study.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Complementary; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Xenopus laevis | 2005 |
Mutation analysis of CLPTM 1 and PVRL 1 genes in patients with non-syndromic clefts of lip, alveolus and palate.
Topics: Alanine; Alveolar Process; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Child; Child, Preschool; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Exons; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Introns; Male; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Nectins; Proline; Receptors, Virus; Sequence Analysis, Protein; Sex Factors | 2005 |
Individual subunits of the glutamate transporter EAAC1 homotrimer function independently of each other.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Subunits; Rats | 2005 |
DNA-sequence determination of exon 2 of a novel HLA-DPB1 allele, HLA-DPB1*0403.
Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Aspartic Acid; Base Sequence; Black People; Cloning, Molecular; Databases, Genetic; Glutamic Acid; Haplotypes; Heterozygote; HLA-DP Antigens; HLA-DP beta-Chains; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Risk Factors; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 2005 |
Why is quinidine an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2D6? The role of key active-site residues in quinidine binding.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Mass Spectrometry; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Oxidoreductases, O-Demethylating; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinidine; Spectrophotometry; Substrate Specificity | 2005 |
Selective determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and alanine by mixed micellar electrokinetic chromatography and fluorescence detection.
Topics: Alanine; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Cold Temperature; Darkness; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Naphthalenes; Nicotiana; Plant Leaves; Reproducibility of Results | 2005 |
Probing the functionalities of alphaGlu328 and alphaAla74 of Vibrio harveyi luciferase by site-directed mutagenesis and chemical rescue.
Topics: Alanine; Aldehydes; Catalysis; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Luciferases; Molecular Probes; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidation-Reduction; Vibrio | 2005 |
Phosphorylation by protein kinase a inhibits nuclear import of 5-lipoxygenase.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Animals; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; Binding Sites; Biological Transport; Cell Nucleus; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cytoplasm; Dinoprostone; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Kinetics; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NIH 3T3 Cells; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Serine; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection | 2005 |
Metabolic fates of ammonia-N in ruminal epithelial and duodenal mucosal cells isolated from growing sheep.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Duodenum; Epithelium; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rumen; Sheep; Urea | 2005 |
Functional analysis of all aminotransferase proteins inferred from the genome sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Butyrates; Carbon-Sulfur Lyases; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Hemiterpenes; Keto Acids; Phenylpyruvic Acids; Pyruvic Acid; Substrate Specificity; Transaminases | 2005 |
Crystal structure of the human LRH-1 DBD-DNA complex reveals Ftz-F1 domain positioning is required for receptor activity.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; Crystallography, X-Ray; DNA; DNA-Binding Proteins; Fluorescence Polarization; Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; HeLa Cells; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Ligands; Luciferases; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxygen; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Response Elements; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Water | 2005 |
Effect of pore structure on surface characteristics of zirconium phosphate-modified silica.
Topics: Adsorption; Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Silicon Dioxide; Surface Properties; Zirconium | 2002 |
[Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) for the diagnosis of brain tumors and the evaluation of treatment].
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Amino Acids; Brain Neoplasms; Choline; Creatine; Diagnosis, Differential; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Inositol; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Oligodendroglioma; Phospholipids; Protons; Time Factors | 2005 |
Fe3+-hydroxide ligation in the superoxide reductase from Desulfoarculus baarsii is associated with pH dependent spectral changes.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Deltaproteobacteria; Ferric Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iron; Isoleucine; Ligands; Lysine; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen Isotopes; Spectrum Analysis, Raman | 2005 |
Polymorphisms of ADPRT Val762Ala and XRCC1 Arg399Glu and risk of breast cancer in Chinese women: a case control analysis.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Asian People; Breast Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; China; DNA-Binding Proteins; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Middle Aged; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Polymorphism, Genetic; Risk; Valine; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 | 2006 |
Akt kinase phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Line; Chlorocebus aethiops; CHO Cells; Chromones; COS Cells; Cricetinae; Detergents; DNA, Complementary; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Microcirculation; Molecular Sequence Data; Morpholines; Octoxynol; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Serine; Staurosporine; Time Factors; Transfection | 2006 |
NMDA receptor subunit-dependent modulation by conantokin-G and Ala7-conantokin-G.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Concanavalin A; Conotoxins; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recombinant Proteins; Xenopus | 2006 |
A carboxyl-terminal determinant of the neuronal glutamate transporter, EAAC1, is required for platelet-derived growth factor-dependent trafficking.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Animals; Biological Transport; Biotinylation; Blotting, Western; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Immunoprecipitation; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Sodium; Time Factors; Transfection; Tyrosine | 2006 |
FGFR3 dimer stabilization due to a single amino acid pathogenic mutation.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Cell Membrane; Craniofacial Dysostosis; Dimerization; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Liposomes; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; Signal Transduction; Thermodynamics; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | 2006 |
Optimization of dansyl derivatization and chromatographic conditions in the determination of neuroactive amino acids of biological samples.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dansyl Compounds; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Rabbits; Rats; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Taurine; Trazodone | 2006 |
Phosphorylation and transactivation of Pax6 by homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; DNA Mutational Analysis; Eye Proteins; Glucagon; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homeodomain Proteins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Luciferases; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; p300-CBP Transcription Factors; Paired Box Transcription Factors; PAX6 Transcription Factor; Phosphorylation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Binding; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Repressor Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Small Interfering; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Threonine; Transcription, Genetic; Transcriptional Activation; Transfection | 2006 |
Carbohydrate metabolism during prolonged exercise and recovery: interactions between pyruvate dehydrogenase, fatty acids, and amino acids.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Exercise; Fatty Acids; Femoral Artery; Femoral Vein; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Insulin; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Endurance; Protein Kinases; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Pyruvates; RNA, Messenger | 2006 |
Phospholemman inhibition of the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Role of phosphorylation.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alanine; Animals; Calsequestrin; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoblotting; Ions; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muscle Cells; Muscles; Mutation; Myocardium; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Serine; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Transfection | 2006 |
Free amino acids in hearts of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: the effects of cyanosis, age, and pathology.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Amino Acids; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyanosis; Glutamic Acid; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Oxygen; Regression Analysis | 2006 |
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic study of the wild type and two mutants of the CP1 hydrolytic domain from Aquifex aeolicus leucyl-tRNA synthetase.
Topics: Alanine; Bacteria; Cloning, Molecular; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Leucine-tRNA Ligase; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Isoforms; Protein Structure, Tertiary; X-Ray Diffraction | 2005 |
Crystal structures of the kainate receptor GluR5 ligand binding core dimer with novel GluR5-selective antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Molecular; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Thymine; Xenopus laevis | 2006 |
A role for transmembrane domains V and VI in ligand binding and maturation of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Angiotensin II; Cell Membrane; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Ligands; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 | 2006 |
Effects of amino acid on morphological development and nucleus formation of arachidonic acid-producing filamentous micro-organism, Mortierella alpina.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arachidonic Acid; Cell Nucleus; Culture Media; Glutamic Acid; Hyphae; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Mortierella; Sodium Glutamate; Valine | 2006 |
Retrovirus producer cell line metabolism: implications on viral productivity.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Cell Count; Cell Line, Tumor; Culture Media; Fatty Acids; Fructose; Genetic Vectors; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphocreatine; Retroviridae; Virus Cultivation | 2006 |
Glutamate levels in aqueous humor of patients with retinal artery occlusion.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Aqueous Humor; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Taurine | 2006 |
Association study with 33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 11 candidate genes for hypertension in Chinese.
Topics: Alanine; Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Epistasis, Genetic; Female; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 4; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Valine | 2006 |
Syndapin I is the phosphorylation-regulated dynamin I partner in synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Binding Sites; Calcineurin; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Dynamin I; Endocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Macromolecular Substances; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 2006 |
Identification of a new allele, HLA-DRB5*0113, through three different molecular biology techniques.
Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Base Sequence; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Glutamic Acid; Histocompatibility Testing; HLA-DR Antigens; HLA-DRB5 Chains; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation | 2006 |
Glu257 in GroEL is a sensor involved in coupling polypeptide substrate binding to stimulation of ATP hydrolysis.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Chaperonin 60; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Lactalbumin; Mutation; Peptides; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Substrate Specificity | 2006 |
Dopamine uptake and cocaine binding mechanisms: the involvement of charged amino acids from the transmembrane domains of the human dopamine transporter.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Arginine; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Chlorocebus aethiops; Cocaine; COS Cells; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Mutation; Transfection; Tritium | 2006 |
Correlation between plasma levels of glutamate, alanine and serine with severity of depression.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depressive Disorder; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Serine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence | 2006 |
Modulation of MthK potassium channel activity at the intracellular entrance to the pore.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Calcium; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Methanobacterium; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Plasmids; Potassium; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; Temperature | 2006 |
The planar conformation of a strained proline ring: a QM/MM study.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Computational Biology; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Thermodynamics; Triose-Phosphate Isomerase; Tyrosine | 2006 |
Requirement of reversible caldesmon phosphorylation at P21-activated kinase-responsive sites for lamellipodia extensions during cell migration.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutation; p21-Activated Kinases; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Pseudopodia; Stress Fibers; Wound Healing | 2006 |
Uptake, metabolism and distribution of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources by Pinus sylvestris.
Topics: Alanine; Carbon; Glutamic Acid; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Pinus sylvestris; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | 2006 |
Considerations on the lactate consumption by CHO cells in the presence of galactose.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Asparagine; Bioreactors; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Culture Media; Galactose; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Models, Biological; Serine | 2006 |
Prospective study of FGFR3 mutations as a prognostic factor in nonmuscle invasive urothelial bladder carcinomas.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Cysteine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Leucine; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Mutation; Phenylalanine; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serine; Tyrosine; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | 2006 |
Presynaptic inhibition by kainate receptors converges mechanistically with presynaptic inhibition by adenosine and GABAB receptors.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Baclofen; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Naphthalenes; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Presynaptic; Thymine | 2006 |
Characterization of alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) multigene family and hypoxic response in young seedlings of the model legume Medicago truncatula.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acid Sequence; Cell Hypoxia; Cloning, Molecular; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Medicago truncatula; Mitochondrial Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Multigene Family; Nitrogen Isotopes; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Plant Roots; Plant Stems; Protein Isoforms; Seedlings; Sequence Alignment | 2006 |
Osteoporosis associated with gyrate atrophy: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Glutamic Acid; Gyrate Atrophy; Humans; Lysine; Ornithine; Osteoporosis | 2006 |
Role of amino acid side chains in region 17-31 of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in binding to the PTH receptor.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Parathyroid Hormone; Peptide Fragments; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone | 2006 |
Two affected siblings with nuclear cataract associated with a novel missense mutation in the CRYGD gene.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Case-Control Studies; Cataract; Cytosine; Female; gamma-Crystallins; Glutamic Acid; Haplotypes; Heterozygote; Humans; Lens Nucleus, Crystalline; Male; Microsatellite Repeats; Mutation, Missense; Pedigree | 2006 |
The uptake of amino acids by the cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens is stimulated by light at low irradiances.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Amino Acids; Carbon Isotopes; Cyanobacteria; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Leucine; Light; Nitrogen; Serine | 2006 |
Regulation of FNR dimerization by subunit charge repulsion.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Apoproteins; Aspartic Acid; Circular Dichroism; Dimerization; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Iron; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Models, Molecular; Oxygen; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Sulfur; Trypsin | 2006 |
Aspartic acid 405 contributes to the substrate specificity of aminopeptidase B.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Epoxide Hydrolases; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutant Proteins; Protein Binding; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 2006 |
Glutamine gluconeogenesis in the small intestine of 72 h-fasted adult rats is undetectable.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Fasting; Gluconeogenesis; Glucosamine; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hexokinase; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Portal Vein; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar | 2007 |
Capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection for measurement of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities in biofluids.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Body Fluids; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Ethanol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hepatitis; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity | 2006 |
Structure-guided mutational analysis of T4 RNA ligase 1.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Conserved Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Conformation; RNA Ligase (ATP); Structure-Activity Relationship; Tyrosine; Viral Proteins | 2006 |
Concerted action of exonuclease and Gap-dependent endonuclease activities of FEN-1 contributes to the resolution of triplet repeat sequences (CTG)n- and (GAA)n-derived secondary structures formed during maturation of Okazaki fragments.
Topics: Alanine; DNA; DNA, Fungal; Exodeoxyribonucleases; Flap Endonucleases; Glutamic Acid; GTPase-Activating Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Trinucleotide Repeats | 2007 |
Of folding and function: understanding active-site context through metalloenzyme design.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Calcium; Circular Dichroism; DNA; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Lanthanoid Series Elements; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Phosphates; Protein Folding; Substrate Specificity | 2006 |
Computational study of iron(II) and -(III) complexes with a simple model human H ferritin ferroxidase center.
Topics: Alanine; Ceruloplasmin; Computational Biology; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Models, Molecular; Peroxides | 2006 |
Distinct clinical and pathological features are associated with the BRAF(T1799A(V600E)) mutation in primary melanoma.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Child; Female; Gene Frequency; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Mutation; Pigmentation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Skin Neoplasms; Threonine; Valine | 2007 |
Structural and functional effects of disease-causing amino acid substitutions affecting residues Ala72 and Glu76 of the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Static Electricity | 2007 |
Functional P2X7 receptor polymorphisms (His155Tyr, Arg307Gln, Glu496Ala) in patients with Crohn's disease.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Case-Control Studies; Crohn Disease; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Tyrosine | 2007 |
Cold exposure and associated metabolic changes in adult tropical beetles exposed to fluctuating thermal regimes.
Topics: Acclimatization; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Essential; Animals; Arginine; Body Temperature; Cold Temperature; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerol; Inositol; Lysine; Proline; Ribitol; Sorbitol; Survival Analysis; Temperature; Tenebrio; Threonine; Trehalose; Tropical Climate; Valine | 2007 |
Hydrophobic surface burial is the major stability determinant of a flat, single-layer beta-sheet.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Antigens, Surface; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Vaccines; Borrelia burgdorferi; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lipoproteins; Lysine; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutant Proteins; Protein Denaturation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2007 |
Proteolytic activities of human ADAMTS-5: comparative studies with ADAMTS-4.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS4 Protein; ADAMTS5 Protein; Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutation; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Transfection | 2007 |
Metabolomic alterations in elicitor treated Silybum marianum suspension cultures monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; alpha-Linolenic Acid; Amino Acids; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cell Culture Techniques; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Cycloheximide; Cyclopentanes; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Oxylipins; Plant Growth Regulators; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Silybum marianum; Silymarin; Sucrose; Yeasts | 2007 |
ALK-mediated Na+/H+ exchanger-dependent intracellular alkalinization: does it matter for oncogenesis?
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Cell Division; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Chromans; Culture Media, Conditioned; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intracellular Fluid; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Mice; NIH 3T3 Cells; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Thiazolidinediones; Transfection; Troglitazone | 2007 |
Alanine metabolism, transport, and cycling in the brain.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System y+; Ammonia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Transport, Active; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fusion Regulatory Protein 1, Light Chains; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oocytes; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2007 |
Direct correlation between ischemic injury and extracellular glycine concentration in mice with genetically altered activities of the glycine cleavage multienzyme system.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating); Humans; Indoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Multienzyme Complexes; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regional Blood Flow; Taurine; Transferases | 2007 |
Aspartate-444 is essential for productive substrate interactions in a neuronal glutamate transporter.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Cysteine; Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Microinjections; Mutation; Neurons; Oocytes; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rabbits; Serine; Succinic Acid; Transfection; Xenopus laevis | 2007 |
Rubritalea squalenifaciens sp. nov., a squalene-producing marine bacterium belonging to subdivision 1 of the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Cell Wall; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Genes, rRNA; Glutamic Acid; Japan; Locomotion; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; Pigments, Biological; Porifera; Quinones; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Squalene | 2007 |
Freezing and anoxia tolerance of slugs: a metabolic perspective.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alanine; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Body Temperature Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Freezing; Gastropoda; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Oxygen; Species Specificity; Succinic Acid | 2007 |
Docking of the periplasmic FecB binding protein to the FecCD transmembrane proteins in the ferric citrate transport system of Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Arginine; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Cysteine; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Ferric Compounds; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Ion Pumps; Membrane Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2007 |
Flexibility of the hepatic zonation of carbon and nitrogen fluxes linked to lactate and pyruvate transformations in the presence of ammonia.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carbon; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Liver; Male; Microcirculation; Nitrogen; Perfusion; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Urea | 2007 |
Brain metabolite abnormalities in the white matter of elderly schizophrenic subjects: implication for glial dysfunction.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Brain; Brain Mapping; Choline; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroglia; Protons; Schizophrenia | 2007 |
Human wild-type alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase and its naturally occurring G82E variant: functional properties and physiological implications.
Topics: Alanine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Circular Dichroism; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glyoxylates; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Mutation; Protein Binding; Recombinant Proteins; Transaminases | 2007 |
Classification of 'Sarraceniospora aurea' Furihata et al. 1989 as Actinocorallia aurea sp. nov.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Alanine; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cell Wall; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Genes, rRNA; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Vitamin K 2 | 2007 |
Pro-inflammatory cytokines increase glucose, alanine and triacylglycerol utilization but inhibit insulin secretion in a clonal pancreatic beta-cell line.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cell Line; Cytochalasin D; Cytokines; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1beta; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Triglycerides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
Structural basis for catalysis by onconase.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Asparagine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Disulfides; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; K562 Cells; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Ribonucleases; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substrate Specificity; X-Ray Diffraction | 2008 |
Receptor binding characteristics of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A for the human nuclear estrogen-related receptor gamma. Chief and corroborative hydrogen bonds of the bisphenol A phenol-hydroxyl group with Arg316 and Glu275 residues.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Benzhydryl Compounds; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Endocrine Disruptors; Evolution, Molecular; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Mutant Proteins; Mutation; Phenols; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Estrogen; Tritium | 2007 |
ABCA4 mutations and discordant ABCA4 alleles in patients and siblings with bull's-eye maculopathy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Alleles; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Cohort Studies; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Macula Lutea; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Mutation, Missense; Pedigree; Phenotype; Retinal Diseases; Siblings; Valine | 2007 |
Identification of BRCA1 missense substitutions that confer partial functional activity: potential moderate risk variants?
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Centrosome; DNA, Complementary; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Genes, BRCA1; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Mutation, Missense; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Plasmids; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Predictive Value of Tests; Receptors, Estrogen; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Valine | 2007 |
Protective effect of noninherited maternal HLA-DR antigens on rheumatoid arthritis development.
Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Arginine; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartic Acid; Child; Cohort Studies; Epitopes; Fathers; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; HLA-DR Antigens; HLA-DRB1 Chains; Humans; Male; Mothers; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies | 2007 |
Processing of N-terminal unnatural amino acids in recombinant human interferon-beta in Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amino Acids; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Humans; Interferon Type I; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Engineering; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Substrate Specificity | 2008 |
Supramodular nature of GRIP1 revealed by the structure of its PDZ12 tandem in complex with the carboxyl tail of Fras1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; Circular Dichroism; Crystallography, X-Ray; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; Fluorescence Polarization; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Leucine; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; PDZ Domains; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Trypsin | 2008 |
Interaction between the glutamate transporter GLT1b and the synaptic PDZ domain protein PICK1.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biotinylation; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus aethiops; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Immunoprecipitation; Mutation; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; PDZ Domains; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 2008 |
The role of the conserved switch II glutamate in guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mediated nucleotide exchange of GTP-binding proteins.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Conserved Sequence; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; Mutation; ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; ras Proteins | 2008 |
Effects of amino acids on microcystin production of the Microcystis aeruginosa.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Biotechnology; Cyanobacteria; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Marine Toxins; Microcystins; Microcystis; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nitrogen; Time Factors | 2009 |
Detection and identification of novel metabolomic biomarkers in preeclampsia.
Topics: Alanine; Biomarkers; Cohort Studies; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Ketoglutaric Acids; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Random Allocation; Uric Acid | 2008 |
Concerted modulation of alanine and glutamate metabolism in young Medicago truncatula seedlings under hypoxic stress.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Carbon; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase (NADH); Glutamic Acid; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Medicago truncatula; Nitrogen; Oxygen; Plant Proteins; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Seedlings | 2008 |
Introduction into Ca(v)2.1 of the homologous mutation of Ca(v)1.2 causing the Timothy syndrome questions the role of V421 in the phenotypic definition of P-type Ca(2+) channel.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Calcium; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Channels, R-Type; Cation Transport Proteins; Cognition Disorders; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Ion Channel Gating; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mutation; Phenotype; Rats; Syndrome; Valine; Xenopus | 2008 |
Interaction of excitatory and depressant amino acids in the frog retina.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alanine; Animals; Anura; Aspartic Acid; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1968 |
Disruption of agonist and ligand activity in an AMPA glutamate receptor splice-variable domain deletion mutant.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Asparagine; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Larva; Leucine; Ligands; Membrane Potentials; Microinjections; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, AMPA; Sequence Deletion; Threonine; Xenopus | 2008 |
Investigating compensation and recovery of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposed to 17alpha-ethynylestradiol with metabolite profiling.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Betaine; Cyprinidae; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Feminization; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Lactic Acid; Liver; Male; Vitellogenins | 2008 |
Effect of taurine on the concentrations of glutamate, GABA, glutamine and alanine in the rat striatum and hippocampus.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 2007 |
Development of a temperature gradient focusing method for in situ extraterrestrial biomarker analysis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Countercurrent Distribution; Electrophoresis, Microchip; Extraterrestrial Environment; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Life; Mars; Serine; Soil; Space Flight; Stereoisomerism; Temperature; Valine | 2008 |
Mutations to the kainate receptor subunit GluR6 binding pocket that selectively affect domoate binding.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Kainic Acid; Kidney; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection | 2008 |
Acceptor substrate binding revealed by crystal structure of human glucosamine-6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 1.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Apoenzymes; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glucosamine; Glucosamine 6-Phosphate N-Acetyltransferase; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutagenesis | 2008 |
Mechanism of partial agonism at the GluR2 AMPA receptor: Measurements of lobe orientation in solution.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Models, Molecular; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Solutions; Uracil | 2008 |
The inhibitory effects of DL-alanine, L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, and L-histidine on the activity of intestinal, bone, and kidney phosphatases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Bone and Bones; Dietary Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Humans; Kidney; Lysine; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases | 1948 |
Structural basis of NR2B-selective antagonist recognition by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Cysteine; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Mice; Microinjections; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Sequence Data; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Plasmids; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Reference Standards; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Temperature; Xenopus laevis; Zinc | 2009 |
K469E polymorphism of the intracellular adhesion molecule 1 gene is associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Genetic; Slovenia; White People | 2008 |
NaV1.7 gain-of-function mutations as a continuum: A1632E displays physiological changes associated with erythromelalgia and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder mutations and produces symptoms of both disorders.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Erythromelalgia; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Membrane Potentials; Models, Molecular; Mutation; NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Somatoform Disorders; Time Factors; Transfection | 2008 |
Analyzing the catalytic role of Asp97 in the methionine aminopeptidase from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Aminopeptidases; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Methionine; Methionyl Aminopeptidases; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Sequence Data; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Substrate Specificity | 2008 |
Effects of oral supplementation with glutamine and alanyl-glutamine on glutamine, glutamate, and glutathione status in trained rats and subjected to long-duration exercise.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Dietary Supplements; Dipeptides; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Liver; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxidative Stress; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Effect of a dominant-negative form of ADAM10 in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAM10 Protein; Age Factors; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Isoleucine; Maze Learning; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Reaction Time; Swimming; Valine | 2009 |
Mechanisms of antagonism of the GluR2 AMPA receptor: structure and dynamics of the complex of two willardiine antagonists with the glutamate binding domain.
Topics: Alanine; Calorimetry; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, AMPA; Uracil | 2009 |
A conserved hydrogen-bond network stabilizes the structure of Beta class glutathione S-transferases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme Stability; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Transferase; Histidine; Hydrogen Bonding; Ochrobactrum anthropi | 2009 |
Full domain closure of the ligand-binding core of the ionotropic glutamate receptor iGluR5 induced by the high affinity agonist dysiherbaine and the functional antagonist 8,9-dideoxyneodysiherbaine.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Binding Sites; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cell Line; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 2009 |
Fructose and glucose mediates enterotoxin production and anaerobic metabolism of Bacillus cereus ATCC14579(T).
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Bacillus cereus; Carbohydrates; Culture Media; Enterotoxins; Fermentation; Fructose; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Serine | 2009 |
Release of endogenous amino acids from the hippocampus and brain stem from developing and adult mice in ischemia.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Potassium; Serine; Taurine; Threonine | 2009 |
Oligomeric amyloid beta-protein as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease: its significance based on its distinct localization and the occurrence of a familial variant form.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Specificity; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mutation; Peptide Fragments; Protein Conformation; Temporal Lobe | 2009 |
A stable and selective electrochemical biosensor for the liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT).
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Biosensing Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Ferrous Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Ketoglutaric Acids; Liver; Metallocenes; Oxidation-Reduction; Platinum; Sensitivity and Specificity; Time Factors | 2009 |
The importance of myocardial amino acids during ischemia and reperfusion in dilated left ventricle of patients with degenerative mitral valve disease.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Taurine | 2009 |
A novel limb in the osmoregulatory network of Methanosarcina mazei Gö1: N(epsilon)-acetyl-beta-lysine can be substituted by glutamate and alanine.
Topics: Acetyltransferases; Alanine; Betaine; Gene Deletion; Genes, Archaeal; Glutamic Acid; Intramolecular Transferases; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methanosarcina; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 2009 |
The effects of group III mGluR ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling of seizures and hippocampal amino acids concentration.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Taurine | 2009 |
An extended AE-rich N-terminal trunk in secreted pineapple cystatin enhances inhibition of fruit bromelain and is posttranslationally removed during ripening.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Ananas; Bromelains; Cystatins; Fruit; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Microsomes; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Protein Isoforms; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Protein Transport; Recombinant Proteins; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Plant; Sequence Alignment | 2009 |
Kinetic basis of partial agonism at NMDA receptors.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alanine; Amino Acids, Cyclic; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cycloserine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Molecular; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2009 |
D-amino acids govern stationary phase cell wall remodeling in bacteria.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Isomerases; Amino Acids; Bacillus subtilis; Cell Wall; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Isoleucine; Leucine; Methionine; Oligopeptides; Peptidoglycan; Polysaccharides; Stereoisomerism; Valine; Vibrio cholerae | 2009 |
Effects of supplementation with free glutamine and the dipeptide alanyl-glutamine on parameters of muscle damage and inflammation in rats submitted to prolonged exercise.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Creatine Kinase; Dietary Supplements; Dinoprostone; Dipeptides; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Inflammation Mediators; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
BMAA neurotoxicity in Drosophila.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drosophila melanogaster; Female; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Longevity; Lysine; Male; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Neurotoxins | 2009 |
Partitioning of acidic, basic and neutral amino acids into imidazolium-based ionic liquids.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; Ionic Liquids; Lysine; Molecular Structure; Solvents; Water | 2010 |
Genetics of the glutamate-mediated methylamine utilization pathway in the facultative methylotrophic beta-proteobacterium Methyloversatilis universalis FAM5.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Betaproteobacteria; DNA Mutational Analysis; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Methylamines; Multigene Family; Open Reading Frames; Oxidation-Reduction; Peptide Fragments | 2010 |
Angustibacter luteus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from subarctic forest soil.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Alanine; Arctic Regions; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cell Wall; Cluster Analysis; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Trees | 2010 |
Pharmacological activity of C10-substituted analogs of the high-affinity kainate receptor agonist dysiherbaine.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cell Line, Transformed; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Membrane Potentials; Models, Molecular; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Molecular Structure; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Subunits; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors; Transfection; Tritium | 2010 |
Crystal structure of plant ferritin reveals a novel metal binding site that functions as a transit site for metal transfer in ferritin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Ceruloplasmin; Crystallography, X-Ray; Ferritins; Glutamic Acid; Glycine max; Humans; Iron; Metals; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Plant Proteins; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary | 2010 |
ICP27 phosphorylation site mutants display altered functional interactions with cellular export factors Aly/REF and TAP/NXF1 but are able to bind herpes simplex virus 1 RNA.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Immediate-Early Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nuclear Proteins; Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; Phosphorylation; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; RNA, Viral; Transcription Factors | 2010 |
Differential phospholipid binding of alpha-synuclein variants implicated in Parkinson's disease revealed by solution NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Synuclein; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Parkinson Disease; Peptide Fragments; Phospholipids; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Solutions; Threonine | 2010 |
Using ex vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to reveal associations between biochemical and biological features of meningiomas.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Biomarkers, Tumor; Choline; Creatine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Prognosis | 2010 |
A novel HLA-B allele, B*5535, was identified by sequence-based typing in a Chinese individual.
Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Amino Acid Substitution; Asian People; Base Sequence; Codon; DNA Primers; Exons; Glutamic Acid; Haplotypes; HLA-B Antigens; Humans; Methionine; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 2010 |
Age estimation by racemization method in teeth: application of aspartic acid, glutamate, and alanine.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Determination by Teeth; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Bicuspid; Biomarkers; Dentin; Flame Ionization; Forensic Dentistry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Linear Models; Middle Aged; Young Adult | 2010 |
Involvement of non-NMDA receptors in central mediation of chemoreflexes in the shorthorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fishes; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Oxygen; Poisons; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reflex; Respiratory Mechanics; Seasons; Sodium Cyanide | 2010 |
Purification and properties of cysteine protease from rhizomes of Curcuma longa (Linn.).
Topics: Alanine; Antifungal Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Curcuma; Cysteine Proteases; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fungi; Glutamic Acid; Iodoacetic Acid; Mass Spectrometry; Oryza; Peptides; Plant Extracts; Plant Proteins; Protease Inhibitors; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Rhizome | 2010 |
DNA binding by the ETS protein TEL (ETV6) is regulated by autoinhibition and self-association.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; DNA; ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymers; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets; Repressor Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Static Electricity; Transcription, Genetic; Trypsin | 2010 |
Obesity and type 2 diabetes in rats are associated with altered brain glycogen and amino-acid homeostasis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Brain; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycogen; Male; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Zucker | 2010 |
Glutamates 78 and 122 in the active site of saccharopine dehydrogenase contribute to reactant binding and modulate the basicity of the acid-base catalysts.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding, Competitive; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NAD; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharopine Dehydrogenases | 2010 |
Dihydropyrimidinone positive modulation of delta-subunit-containing gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, including an epilepsy-linked mutant variant.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Cell Line; Drug Synergism; Epilepsy; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Isoforms; Protein Subunits; Pyrimidines; Pyrimidinones; Receptors, GABA-A; Thiones | 2010 |
High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cervical myelopathy and lumbar radiculopathy.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Cervical Vertebrae; Citric Acid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Lumbar Vertebrae; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Pyruvic Acid; Radiculopathy; Spinal Cord Compression | 2010 |
Brain glutamine synthesis requires neuronal-born aspartate as amino donor for glial glutamate formation.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain Chemistry; Cells, Cultured; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunohistochemistry; Lactic Acid; Leucine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Nitrogen; Pyruvic Acid | 2011 |
Acquisition of Raman spectra of amino acids using portable instruments: outdoor measurements and comparison.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; beta-Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Methionine; Proline; Research Design; Robotics; Serine; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Transportation; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Workplace | 2010 |
Probing the active site of the deoxynucleotide N-hydrolase Rcl encoded by the rat gene c6orf108.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Nuclear Proteins; Protein Binding; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Rats; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine | 2010 |
Direct and indirect control of orexin/hypocretin neurons by glycine receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzothiadiazines; Chloride Channels; Electrophysiological Phenomena; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hypothalamus; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Pyridazines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Glycine; Strychnine; Synaptic Potentials | 2011 |
PDZK1 binding and serine phosphorylation regulate subcellular trafficking of organic anion transport protein 1a1.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cytoplasmic Vesicles; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Hepatocytes; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Organic Anion Transporters; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Rats; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Serine; Time Factors; Transfection | 2011 |
Increased bioavailability of tricin-amino acid derivatives via a prodrug approach.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alanine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Biological Availability; Cell Line; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cytomegalovirus; Dogs; Drug Stability; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Prodrugs; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2011 |
Reduction of plasma membrane glutamate transport potentiates insulin but not glucagon secretion in pancreatic islet cells.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Dicarboxylic Acids; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucagon; Glucagon-Secreting Cells; Glucose; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Ketoglutaric Acids; Malates; Male; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Transcription, Genetic | 2011 |
Structure and behaviour of the free radicals generated in gamma irradiated amino acid and iminodiacetic acid derivatives.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Computer Simulation; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Gamma Rays; Glutamic Acid; Imino Acids; Powders; Temperature | 2011 |
Content of free D-Ala and D-Glu in traditional Asian fermented seasonings.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Asia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fermentation; Flavoring Agents; Glutamic Acid; Glycine max; Seafood; Soy Foods; Stereoisomerism | 2010 |
Effect of the quality of dietary amino acids composition on the urea synthesis in rats.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Caseins; Dietary Proteins; Egg Proteins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutens; Liver; Male; Methionine; Ornithine; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Urea | 2011 |
Novel SCN1A mutation in a proband with malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Brain; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant; Karyotyping; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mutation, Missense; NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sodium Channels; Status Epilepticus | 2011 |
First-trimester prediction of preeclampsia using metabolomic biomarkers: a discovery phase study.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Area Under Curve; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gestational Age; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Metabolomics; Phenylalanine; Pre-Eclampsia; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Reproducibility of Results | 2011 |
Different roles of the two components of human protein O-mannosyltransferase, POMT1 and POMT2.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Mannosyltransferases; Molecular Sequence Data; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins | 2011 |
Structure and assembly mechanism for heteromeric kainate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Line, Transformed; Chromatography, Gel; Crystallography; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis; Oocytes; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Pyrimidines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Transfection; Xenopus | 2011 |
Conformational flexibility, binding energy, role of salt bridge and alanine-mutagenesis for c-Abl kinase complex.
Topics: Alanine; Benzamides; Binding Sites; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Imatinib Mesylate; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Ligands; Lysine; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Mutagenesis; Piperazines; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl; Pyrimidines; Salts; Thermodynamics | 2012 |
Metabolic flux analysis gives an insight on verapamil induced changes in central metabolism of HL-1 cells.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Growth Processes; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolysis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Metabolome; Mice; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxygen; Verapamil | 2011 |
Binding and selectivity of the marine toxin neodysiherbaine A and its synthetic analogues to GluK1 and GluK2 kainate receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Crystallography, X-Ray; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Marine Toxins; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 2011 |
Selective enzymatic degradation of self-assembled particles from amphiphilic block copolymers obtained by the combination of N-carboxyanhydride and nitroxide-mediated polymerization.
Topics: Acrylates; Alanine; Anhydrides; Biocompatible Materials; Delayed-Action Preparations; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Micelles; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Nitrogen Oxides; Pancreatic Elastase; Polymerization; Polymers; Polystyrenes; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Temperature; Thermolysin | 2011 |
Using the same organocatalyst for asymmetric synthesis of both enantiomers of glutamic acid-derived Ni(II) complexes via 1,4-additions of achiral glycine and dehydroalanine Schiff base Ni(II) complexes.
Topics: 1-Carboxyglutamic Acid; Alanine; Catalysis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Naphthols; Nickel; Schiff Bases; Stereoisomerism | 2012 |
N-acetylcysteine normalizes neurochemical changes in the glutathione-deficient schizophrenia mouse model during development.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Inositol; Lactic Acid; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Schizophrenia | 2012 |
Different clinical and neuropathologic phenotypes of familial ALS with A315E TARDBP mutation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; DNA-Binding Proteins; Family Health; Female; Genetic Testing; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Phenotype; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales | 2011 |
Metabolic changes during a field experiment in a world-class windsurfing athlete: a trial with multivariate analyses.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Aromatic; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Ammonia; Athletes; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Insulin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocyte Count; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Phosphates; Physical Exertion; Potassium; Stress, Physiological; Urea | 2011 |
Effects of alanine aminotransferase inhibition on the intermediary metabolism in Sparus aurata through dietary amino-oxyacetate supplementation.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cytosol; Diet; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Liver; Mitochondria; Pyruvate Kinase; Sea Bream | 2012 |
Glutamine requirement for aerial mycelium growth in Neurospora crassa.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Culture Media; Fungal Proteins; Glutamate Dehydrogenase (NADP+); Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mycelium; Neurospora crassa | 1984 |
Dual task abilities as a possible preclinical marker of Alzheimer's disease in carriers of the E280A presenilin-1 mutation.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Cognition Disorders; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mental Recall; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neuropsychological Tests; Presenilin-1; Regression Analysis; ROC Curve; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2012 |
Differential regulation of alanine aminotransferase homologues by abiotic stresses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Anaerobiosis; Base Sequence; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glutamic Acid; Light; Molecular Sequence Data; Nitrogen; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; Plant Shoots; RNA, Messenger; Seedlings; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Stress, Physiological; Transaminases; Triticum | 2012 |
Charge and geometry of residues in the loop 2 β hairpin differentially affect agonist and ethanol sensitivity in glycine receptors.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Ethanol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Mutation; Oocytes; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Glycine; Static Electricity; Xenopus laevis | 2012 |
Effect of amino acids on red pigments and citrinin production in Monascus ruber.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Citrinin; Culture Media; Fermentation; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Monascus; Nitrogen; Pigments, Biological; Proline | 2012 |
Method for the sequential online analysis of enzyme reactions based on capillary electrophoresis.
Topics: Alanine; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Enzyme Assays; Equipment Design; Glutamic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Reproducibility of Results; Transaminases | 2012 |
The role of the second and third extracellular loops of the adenosine A1 receptor in activation and allosteric modulation.
Topics: Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ligands; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sequence Alignment; Thiophenes; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Investigating the parameters affecting the adsorption of amino acids onto AgCl nanoparticles with different surface charges.
Topics: Adsorption; Alanine; Biocompatible Materials; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kinetics; Lysine; Metal Nanoparticles; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Silver Compounds; Solutions; Static Electricity; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Thermodynamics | 2012 |
Urine metabolomics analysis for biomarker discovery and detection of jaundice syndrome in patients with liver disease.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Progression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Jaundice; Ketone Bodies; Liver Diseases; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Prognosis; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity | 2012 |
The loss of an electrostatic contact unique to AMPA receptor ligand binding domain 2 slows channel activation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kainic Acid; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Stability; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Static Electricity | 2012 |
Understanding the drug resistance mechanism of hepatitis C virus NS3/4A to ITMN-191 due to R155K, A156V, D168A/E mutations: a computational study.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Antiviral Agents; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Comprehension; Computational Biology; Cyclopropanes; Drug Resistance, Viral; Glutamic Acid; Hepacivirus; Isoindoles; Lactams; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Mutation, Missense; Proline; Sulfonamides; Valine; Viral Nonstructural Proteins | 2012 |
Pooling/bootstrap-based GWAS (pbGWAS) identifies new loci modifying the age of onset in PSEN1 p.Glu280Ala Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Age of Onset; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Female; Founder Effect; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mutation; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Presenilin-1; Quantitative Trait Loci | 2013 |
Presynaptic facilitation of glutamate release in the basolateral amygdala: a mechanism for the anxiogenic and seizurogenic function of GluK1 receptors.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alanine; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysical Phenomena; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Exploratory Behavior; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sensory Gating; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thymine | 2012 |
MRS study of meningeal hemangiopericytoma and edema: a comparison with meningothelial meningioma.
Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Edema; Choline; Creatine; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glycine; Hemangiopericytoma; Humans; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma | 2012 |
Probing the activation sequence of NMDA receptors with lurcher mutations.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Mutation, Missense; Protein Conformation; Protein Subunits; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2012 |
A versatile proline/alanine transporter in the unicellular pathogen Leishmania donovani regulates amino acid homoeostasis and osmotic stress responses.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alanine; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Amino Acids; Arginine; Biological Transport; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Western; Cell Membrane; Gene Expression; Genetic Complementation Test; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Leishmania donovani; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mutation; Osmotic Pressure; Proline; Protozoan Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Stress, Physiological | 2013 |
A buried ionizable residue destabilizes the native state and the transition state in the folding of monellin.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Cysteine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ions; Kinetics; Plant Proteins; Protein Folding; Protein Refolding; Protein Unfolding; Thermodynamics | 2012 |
Unusual titration of the membrane-bound artificial hemagglutinin fusion peptide.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Influenza A virus; Micelles; Peptides; Phosphorylcholine; Protein Structure, Secondary; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2012 |
Natural templates for coiled-coil biomaterials from praying mantis egg cases.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Biomimetic Materials; Circular Dichroism; Escherichia coli; Female; Fibroins; Gene Library; Glutamic Acid; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mantodea; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Weight; Ovum; Protein Structure, Secondary; Recombinant Proteins; Scleroproteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serine | 2012 |
In vitro degradation of lysine by ruminal fluid-based fermentations and by Fusobacterium necrophorum.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Alanine; Animals; Cattle; Fermentation; Fusobacterium necrophorum; Gastric Juice; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Methionine; Propionates; Rumen; Tryptophan | 2013 |
Amino acid turnover by human oocytes is influenced by gamete developmental competence, patient characteristics and gonadotrophin treatment.
Topics: Age Factors; Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Gonadotropins; Humans; Infertility, Female; Isoleucine; Kinetics; Lysine; Metaphase; Oocytes; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Serine; Valine | 2013 |
Catabolism of exogenous lactate reveals it as a legitimate metabolic substrate in breast cancer.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Coumaric Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lactic Acid; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Rats | 2013 |
Identification of biomarkers for apoptosis in cancer cell lines using metabolomics: tools for individualized medicine.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Caspase 3; Caspase 7; Cell Line, Tumor; Etoposide; Flow Injection Analysis; Fluorouracil; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Metabolomics; Precision Medicine | 2013 |
Acidic residue Glu199 increases SUMOylation level of nuclear hormone receptor NR5A1.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Mice; Signal Transduction; Steroidogenic Factor 1; Substrate Specificity; Sumoylation | 2013 |
Transglycosylation of engineered cyclodextrin glucanotransferases as O-glycoligases.
Topics: Alanine; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Glucosides; Glucosyltransferases; Glutamic Acid; Glycosylation; Kinetics; Ligases; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Engineering; Serine | 2014 |
Electrophysiological effects of kainic acid on vasopressin-enhanced green fluorescent protein and oxytocin-monomeric red fluorescent protein 1 neurones isolated from the supraoptic nucleus in transgenic rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Alanine; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Cell Separation; Electric Conductivity; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Isoxazoles; Kainic Acid; Luminescent Proteins; Neurons; Oxytocin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Primary Cell Culture; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Red Fluorescent Protein; Supraoptic Nucleus; Thymine | 2014 |
Neurochemical alterations in frontal cortex of the rat after one week of hypobaric hypoxia.
Topics: Alanine; Altitude; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Creatine; Depressive Disorder; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Swimming; Time Factors | 2014 |
CHF5074 and LY450139 sub-acute treatments differently affect cortical extracellular glutamate levels in pre-plaque Tg2576 mice.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Azepines; Cyclopropanes; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; Flurbiprofen; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Prefrontal Cortex; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Arg279 is the key regulator of coenzyme selectivity in the flavin-dependent ornithine monooxygenase SidA.
Topics: Alanine; Arginine; Aspergillus fumigatus; Escherichia coli; Flavins; Fungal Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxylation; Kinetics; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; NAD; NADP; Ornithine; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Protein Conformation; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Static Electricity; Substrate Specificity | 2014 |
Longitudinal neurochemical modifications in the aging mouse brain measured in vivo by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Aging; Alanine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition; Corpus Striatum; Energy Metabolism; Ethanolamines; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Membrane Lipids; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Estrogen; Sex Characteristics; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Biochemical and radical-scavenging properties of sea cucumber (Stichopus vastus) collagen hydrolysates.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Antioxidants; Collagen; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrolysis; Hydroxyproline; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Proline; Protein Hydrolysates; Stichopus | 2014 |
Effect of side chain length on intrahelical interactions between carboxylate- and guanidinium-containing amino acids.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Carboxylic Acids; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Guanidine; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2014 |
[1H NMR based metabonomics study on the antidepressant effect of genipin in rat hippocampus].
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Depression; Gardenia; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Inositol; Iridoids; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Metabolomics; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2014 |
Low resolution X-ray structure of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from Bacillus licheniformis: opened active site cleft and a cluster of acid residues potentially involved in the recognition of a metal ion.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Bacillus; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Catalytic Domain; Cations, Divalent; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Stability; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Recombinant Proteins | 2014 |
Preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of an engineered glutamyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Aspartic Acid; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Glutamate-tRNA Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein Engineering; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Structural Homology, Protein; Substrate Specificity | 2014 |
Water-soluble and cleavable quercetin-amino acid conjugates as safe modulators for P-glycoprotein-based multidrug resistance.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Blotting, Western; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Dactinomycin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxorubicin; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microscopy, Confocal; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure; Paclitaxel; Quercetin; Verapamil; Vinblastine | 2014 |
The neuroprotective properties of the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol correlate with its ability to reduce pathological glutamate release in a rodent model of stroke.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antipyrine; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic N-Oxides; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Edaravone; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Molecular Mimicry; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Synaptosomes; Taurine | 2014 |
Stimuli responsive fibrous hydrogels from hierarchical self-assembly of a triblock copolypeptide.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogels; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Osmolar Concentration; Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2015 |
Tuning the phase transition temperature of thermal-responsive OEGylated poly-L-glutamate via random copolymerization with L-alanine.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogels; Hydrogen Bonding; Nanotubes, Carbon; Peptides; Phase Transition; Polyethylene Glycols; Polymerization; Transition Temperature | 2015 |
The influence of amino acid sequence on structure and morphology of polydiacetylene containing peptide fibres.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Peptides; Polyacetylene Polymer; Polymerization; Polymers; Polyynes; Protein Structure, Secondary; Static Electricity | 2015 |
Perioperative dynamics and significance of amino acid profiles in patients with cancer.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Apoptosis; Biomarkers, Tumor; Case-Control Studies; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Perioperative Care | 2015 |
Effect of charged amino acid side chain length on lateral cross-strand interactions between carboxylate- and guanidinium-containing residues in a β-hairpin.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Alanine; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Databases, Protein; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Protein Folding; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2015 |
Assessing Susceptibility to Epilepsy in Three Rat Strains Using Brain Metabolic Profiling Based on HRMAS NMR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics.
Topics: Age Factors; Alanine; Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethanolamines; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Inositol; Male; Metabolome; Motor Cortex; Multivariate Analysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex; Species Specificity; Taurine | 2015 |
Alanine aminotransferase variants conferring diverse NUE phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Arabidopsis; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hordeum; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Nitrogen; Oryza; Phenotype; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Plants, Genetically Modified; Promoter Regions, Genetic | 2015 |
In Vitro Study of L-Glutamate and L-Glutamine Transport in Retinal Pericytes: Involvement of Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 and Alanine-Serine-Cysteine Transporter 2.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System ASC; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ion Transport; Male; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Pericytes; Rats, Wistar; Retina; Serine | 2015 |
Glutamate Stimulates Local Protein Synthesis in the Axons of Rat Cortical Neurons by Activating α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptors and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Axons; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Embryo, Mammalian; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Primary Cell Culture; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; TRPV Cation Channels | 2015 |
Photolabile protection for amino acids: studies on the release from novel benzoquinolone cages.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Benzoquinones; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumarins; Esters; Glutamic Acid; Light; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Phenylalanine; Photochemical Processes; Photolysis; Quinolones; Solvents; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Temperature | 2015 |
Application of NMR Spectroscopy in the Assessment of Radiation Dose in Human Primary Cells.
Topics: Alanine; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Primary Cell Culture; X-Rays | 2015 |
Analysis of Potential Amino Acid Biomarkers in Brain Tissue and the Effect of Galangin on Cerebral Ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Protein Interaction Maps; Rats; Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) | 2016 |
Profiling of plasma metabolites in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipate Transaminase; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Asian People; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Cohort Studies; Fasting; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Japan; Metabolic Syndrome; Metabolome; Middle Aged; Postmenopause; Proline | 2016 |
Alanyl-glutamine supplementation regulates mTOR and ubiquitin proteasome proteolysis signaling pathways in piglets.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Dietary Supplements; Dipeptides; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Liver; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteolysis; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Sus scrofa; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Ubiquitins; Weight Gain | 2016 |
Non-parametric analysis of neurochemical effects and Arc expression in amphetamine-induced 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalization.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alanine; Amino Acids; Amphetamine; Amygdala; Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Norepinephrine; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine; Ultrasonic Waves; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vocalization, Animal | 2016 |
The role of bacterial fermentation in the hydrolysis and oxidation of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins in Harbin dry sausages.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Consumer Behavior; Fermentation; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Lactobacillus; Linear Models; Meat Products; Muscle Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Staphylococcus; Swine; Taste | 2016 |
Structure of the human DNA-repair protein RAD52 containing surface mutations.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Crystallography, X-Ray; DNA; DNA Repair; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Plasmids; Protein Binding; Protein Folding; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rad52 DNA Repair and Recombination Protein; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Static Electricity | 2016 |
Exploring the mechanism of DNA polymerases by analyzing the effect of mutations of active site acidic groups in Polymerase β.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; DNA Polymerase beta; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Mutation; Protein Domains; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protons; Quantum Theory; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics | 2016 |
A Metabolomic Approach (
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Granulocytes; Immunohistochemistry; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Liver; Macrophages; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rats | 2016 |
An Expanded Transposon Mutant Library Reveals that Vibrio fischeri δ-Aminolevulinate Auxotrophs Can Colonize Euprymna scolopes.
Topics: Alanine; Aliivibrio; Aliivibrio fischeri; Aminolevulinic Acid; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Decapodiformes; DNA Transposable Elements; Gene Library; Genes, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Hemin; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Light; Membrane Proteins; Mutation; Peptidoglycan; Phenotype; Photobacterium; Symbiosis; Virulence | 2017 |
Influence of glutamic acid residues and pH on the properties of transmembrane helices.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Deuterium; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipid Bilayers; Membrane Proteins; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2017 |
β-N-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) perturbs alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathways in human neuroblastoma cells as determined by metabolic profiling.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Aspartic Acid; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Cytotoxins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolome; Neurons; Principal Component Analysis; Taurine; Tretinoin | 2017 |
High-Affinity Copolymers Inhibit Digestive Enzymes by Surface Recognition.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Benzamidines; Catalytic Domain; Diphosphonates; Enzyme Assays; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Pancreatic Elastase; Polymerization; Polymers; Protein Binding; Serine Proteases | 2017 |
The structural basis for inhibition of the classical and lectin complement pathways by S. aureus extracellular adherence protein.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Carbodiimides; Complement C4b; Complement Pathway, Classical; Complement Pathway, Mannose-Binding Lectin; Cross-Linking Reagents; Crystallography, X-Ray; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Structure, Secondary; Recombinant Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Staphylococcus aureus | 2017 |
Precuneus Failures in Subjects of the PSEN1 E280A Family at Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease Detected Using Quantitative Electroencephalography.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Brain Mapping; Brain Waves; Cognition Disorders; Electroencephalography; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Parietal Lobe; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Presenilin-1; Principal Component Analysis; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Young Adult | 2017 |
The Conserved Lysine-265 Allosterically Modulates Nucleotide- and Actin-binding Site Coupling in Myosin-2.
Topics: Actins; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Allosteric Regulation; Binding Sites; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Lysine; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Myosin Type II; Nucleotides; Protein Binding; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2017 |
Differential Pattern of Phospholipid Profile in the Temporal Cortex from E280A-Familiar and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Brains.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Analysis of Variance; Fatty Acids; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Middle Aged; Mutation; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipids; Presenilin-1; Temporal Lobe | 2018 |
Overexpression of a newly identified d-amino acid transaminase in Mycobacterium smegmatis complements glutamate racemase deletion.
Topics: Alanine; Alanine Racemase; Amino Acid Isomerases; Base Sequence; D-Alanine Transaminase; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Mycobacterium smegmatis; Oxo-Acid-Lyases; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Suppression, Genetic; Whole Genome Sequencing | 2018 |
Safinamide Differentially Modulates In Vivo Glutamate and GABA Release in the Rat Hippocampus and Basal Ganglia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Benzylamines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2018 |
Canagliflozin mediated dual inhibition of mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase and complex I: an off-target adverse effect.
Topics: Alanine; Benzhydryl Compounds; Canagliflozin; Cell Death; Cell Line; Citric Acid Cycle; Electron Transport Complex I; Epithelial Cells; Glucosides; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Metabolomics; Mitochondria | 2018 |
Substitution of Alanine at Position 184 with Glutamic Acid in Escherichia coli PBP5 Ω-Like Loop Introduces a Moderate Cephalosporinase Activity.
Topics: Alanine; beta-Lactam Resistance; Cephalosporinase; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2018 |
Contrasting patterns of RUNX2 repeat variations are associated with palate shape in phyllostomid bats and New World primates.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Bayes Theorem; Biological Evolution; Chiroptera; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; Databases, Genetic; Glutamic Acid; Palate; Phylogeny; Platyrrhini; Skull | 2018 |
Swift Acid Rain Sensing by Synergistic Rhizospheric Bioelectrochemical Responses.
Topics: Acid Rain; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Electrochemical Techniques; Environmental Monitoring; Galactose; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Oryza; Photosynthesis; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Rhizosphere | 2018 |
Metabolic profiles of cysteine, methionine, glutamate, glutamine, arginine, aspartate, asparagine, alanine and glutathione in Streptococcus thermophilus during pH-controlled batch fermentations.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Culture Media; Cysteine; Fermentation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolome; Methionine; Nitrogen; Streptococcus thermophilus | 2018 |
A post-ingestive amino acid sensor promotes food consumption in Drosophila.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Eating; Feeding Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Insect Hormones; Male; Neurons; Nutritional Status; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; Transcriptome | 2018 |
Bioformation of Volatile and Nonvolatile Metabolites by
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Carbon; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Isoleucine; Mannitol; Mannose; Phenylacetates; Phenylalanine; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Proline; Saccharomycopsis; Serine; Sugar Alcohols; Threonine; Time Factors | 2018 |
Seminal plasma amino acid profile in different breeds of chicken: Role of seminal plasma on sperm cryoresistance.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chickens; Cryopreservation; DNA Fragmentation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Semen; Serine; Spermatozoa; Valine | 2019 |
Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid treatment improves the cold tolerance of zucchini fruit during postharvest storage.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); Cell Death; Cold Temperature; Cucurbita; Food Storage; Fruit; Fumarates; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Malates; NAD; Proline; Putrescine | 2019 |
Modified insoluble dietary fibers in okara affect body composition, serum metabolic properties, and fatty acid profiles in mice fed high-fat diets: an NMR investigation.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Choline; Citric Acid; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fiber; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-6; Glutamic Acid; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Glycine max; Inositol; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phosphatidylcholines; Succinic Acid; Triglycerides | 2019 |
Nine Amino Acids Are Associated With Decreased Insulin Secretion and Elevated Glucose Levels in a 7.4-Year Follow-up Study of 5,181 Finnish Men.
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Finland; Follow-Up Studies; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Insulin Secretion; Isoleucine; Leucine; Male; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Phenylalanine; Risk Factors; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Valine | 2019 |
The molecular mechanism of dsRNA processing by a bacterial Dicer.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Dimerization; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene Silencing; Glutamic Acid; Mutant Proteins; Mutation; Ribonuclease III; RNA, Double-Stranded; RNA, Small Interfering; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Substrate Specificity | 2019 |
Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation.
Topics: Alanine; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin; Isotope Labeling; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Male; Melanoma; Mitochondria; Obesity; Organ Specificity; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphorylation; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptor, Insulin; Signal Transduction; Skin Neoplasms; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 2019 |
Metabolic characterization of diabetic retinopathy: An
Topics: Aged; Alanine; Antioxidants; Aqueous Humor; Area Under Curve; Aspartic Acid; Cataract; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy | 2019 |
Biochemical characterisation of fumarase C from a unicellular cyanobacterium demonstrating its substrate affinity, altered by an amino acid substitution.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Arabidopsis; Biocatalysis; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Escherichia coli; Fumarate Hydratase; Fumarates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Malates; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phylogeny; Substrate Specificity; Succinic Acid; Synechocystis; Temperature | 2019 |
Separation of Acute Desensitization and Long-Term Tolerance of
Topics: Action Potentials; Alanine; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Gene Knockout Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2019 |
Characterization of glutamyl-tRNA-dependent dehydratases using nonreactive substrate mimics.
Topics: Alanine; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Hydro-Lyases; Nisin; Protein Domains; Recombinant Proteins; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl | 2019 |
D-glutamate, D-serine, and D-alanine differ in their roles in cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Behavioral Symptoms; Chromatography, Liquid; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hospitals, University; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Serine; Taiwan | 2019 |
Biosynthesis of the N-N-Bond-Containing Compound l-Alanosine.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Structure; Multigene Family; Streptomyces | 2020 |
The impact of different mutations at arginine141 on the structure, subunit exchange dynamics and chaperone activity of Hsp16.3.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Arginine; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Chaperonins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lactalbumin; Lysine; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical; Protein Conformation, beta-Strand; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Serine; Static Electricity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Thermodynamics | 2020 |
A predator-prey interaction between a marine Pseudoalteromonas sp. and Gram-positive bacteria.
Topics: Alanine; Bacterial Proteins; Crystallography, X-Ray; Geologic Sediments; Glutamic Acid; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Metalloproteases; Microbial Interactions; Molecular Docking Simulation; Mutation; Peptidoglycan; Pseudoalteromonas; Seawater; Staphylococcus; Type II Secretion Systems | 2020 |
Safinamide inhibits in vivo glutamate release in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Benzylamines; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2020 |
Effects of safinamide on the glutamatergic striatal network in experimental Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzylamines; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; Nerve Net; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2020 |
Effect of glutamic acid elimination/substitution on the biological activities of S3 cationic amphiphilic peptides.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Circular Dichroism; Glutamic Acid; Hemolysis; Horseshoe Crabs; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary | 2020 |
Molecular characteristics associated with ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
Topics: Activating Transcription Factor 3; Alanine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Disease Progression; Ferroptosis; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genetic Association Studies; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Molecular Chaperones; NAD; Survival Rate | 2021 |
Glutamate metabolism in a human intestinal epithelial cell layer model.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Caco-2 Cells; Diet; Epithelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Permeability | 2020 |
Metabolism of glutamic acid to alanine, proline, and γ-aminobutyric acid during takuan-zuke processing of radish root.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Alanine; Desiccation; Food Handling; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Plant Roots; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proline; Raphanus; RNA, Plant; Sodium Chloride | 2021 |
Alteration of plasma alanine, glutamate, and glycine Level: A potentiate manic episode of bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Bipolar Disorder; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Mania | 2021 |
Effects of Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S Exposure at Low Doses on the Metabolome of Adolescent Male Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzhydryl Compounds; Butyrates; Citric Acid Cycle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycerophospholipids; Male; Phenols; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfones | 2021 |
Integration of metabolomics, genomics, and immune phenotypes reveals the causal roles of metabolites in disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Arachidonic Acid; Cohort Studies; Female; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomics; Glutamic Acid; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Quantitative Trait Loci | 2021 |
Evaluation of Cocaine Effect on Endogenous Metabolites of HepG2 Cells Using Targeted Metabolomics.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Chromatography, Liquid; Cocaine; Glutamic Acid; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Multivariate Analysis; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Taurine | 2021 |
Comprehensive metabolomics profiling reveals common metabolic alterations underlying the four major non-communicable diseases in treated HIV infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Atherosclerosis; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerophospholipids; HIV Infections; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Metabolome; Middle Aged; Plasmalogens; Renal Insufficiency | 2021 |
Kinetics of pore formation in stearoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine vesicles by pH sensitive cell penetrating peptide GALA.
Topics: Alanine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Leucine; Peptides; Phosphatidylcholines | 2021 |
The ability of carbon nanoparticles to increase transmembrane current of cations coincides with impaired synaptic neurotransmission.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbon; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cations; Cerebral Cortex; Cholesterol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Bilayers; Nanodiamonds; Nanoparticles; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles | 2022 |
Stable Isotope-Labeled Precursor Tracing Reveals that l-Alanine is Converted to l-Theanine
Topics: Alanine; Camellia sinensis; Ethylamines; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isotopes; Plant Leaves; Tea | 2021 |
Elevated glutamate and decreased glutamine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MELAS syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Case-Control Studies; DNA, Mitochondrial; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; MELAS Syndrome; Middle Aged; Stroke | 2022 |
Oxidation of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids as metabolic fuels in enterocytes of post-hatching developing chickens.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Butyrates; Chickens; Enterocytes; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Palmitates; Propionates | 2022 |
Oxidation of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids as metabolic fuels in enterocytes of developing pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Butyrates; Enterocytes; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Palmitates; Propionates; Swine | 2022 |
Prevention of Arterial Elastocalcinosis: Differential Roles of the Conserved Glutamic Acid and Serine Residues of Matrix Gla Protein.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Matrix Gla Protein; Mice; Serine; Vascular Calcification; X-Ray Microtomography | 2022 |
Amino acids, microbiota-related metabolites, and the risk of incident diabetes among normoglycemic Chinese adults: Findings from the 4C study.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glutamic Acid; Histidine; Homoserine; Humans; Lipids; Methionine; Microbiota; Proline; Uric Acid | 2022 |
Rapid, sensitive analysis method for determining the nitrogen stable isotope ratio of total free amino acids in soil.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Cysteine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histidine; Leucine; Lysine; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Phenylalanine; Serine; Soil; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Phenotype microarray analysis reveals the biotransformation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici influenced by Bacillus subtilis PBE-8 metabolites.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Antifungal Agents; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Bacillus subtilis; Biotransformation; Carbon; Fusarium; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Isoleucine; Leucine; Linoleic Acids; Linolenic Acids; Microarray Analysis; Nitrogen; Phenotype; Plant Diseases; Proline; RNA, Transfer; Solanum lycopersicum; Valine | 2022 |
Reversible Glutamate Coordination to High-Valent Nickel Protects the Active Site of a [NiFe] Hydrogenase from Oxygen.
Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Catalytic Domain; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogenase; Hydrogenophilaceae; Iron; Ligands; NAD; Nickel; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen | 2022 |
Toxicity effects of chlorantraniliprole in zebrafish (Danio rerio) involving in liver function and metabolic phenotype.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Insecticides; Isoleucine; Leucine; Liver; Malondialdehyde; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenotype; Valine; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zebrafish | 2022 |
Impact of Inhibition of Glutamine and Alanine Transport on Cerebellar Glial and Neuronal Metabolism.
Topics: Acetates; Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Carbon; Cerebellum; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; Histidine | 2022 |
NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis of Cardiac Tissues Clarifies Molecular Mechanisms of CVB3-Induced Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Coxsackievirus Infections; Enterovirus B, Human; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myocarditis; Niacin; Niacinamide; Serine; Taurine; Threonine | 2022 |
Formation and reduction of furan in pumpkin puree by precursors, antioxidants, sterilization and reheating.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Linolenic Acid; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Chlorogenic Acid; Cucurbita; Fructose; Furans; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Linoleic Acid; Quercetin; Serine; Sterilization; Water | 2023 |
[Mechanism of Cordyceps militaris against non-small cell lung cancer: based on serum metabolomics].
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cisplatin; Cordyceps; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glyoxylates; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Nude; Nitrogen; Phenylalanine; RNA, Transfer; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2022 |
Mechanistic aspects of the transamination reactions catalyzed by D-amino acid transaminase from Haliscomenobacter hydrossis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Catalysis; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Leucine; Phenylalanine; Phosphates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Transaminases | 2023 |
Targeting Human Endothelial Cells with Glutathione and Alanine Increases the Crossing of a Polypeptide Nanocarrier through a Blood-Brain Barrier Model and Entry to Human Brain Organoids.
Topics: Alanine; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Endothelial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Humans; Organoids; Peptides | 2023 |
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics study may differentiate pre-eclampsia from gestational hypertension.
Topics: Alanine; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolomics; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Pyruvates | 2023 |
Metabolomics profiling of seminal plasma in obesity-induced asthenozoospermia.
Topics: Aconitic Acid; Alanine; Asthenozoospermia; Citrulline; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Leucine; Lysine; Male; Metabolomics; Phenylalanine; Proline; Semen; Serine; Succinic Acid; Threonine; Tyrosine; Valine | 2023 |
Amino acid substitutions in human growth hormone affect secondary structure and receptor binding.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Conserved Sequence; Glutamic Acid; Human Growth Hormone; Humans; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Receptors, Somatotropin; Zinc | 2023 |
The interaction of ammonia and manganese in abnormal metabolism of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A comparison metabolomics study.
Topics: Alanine; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Brain; Citrulline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hyperammonemia; Inositol; Isoleucine; Lactic Acid; Leucine; Manganese; Metabolomics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 2023 |
The Association between Macrosomia and Amino Acids' Levels in Maternal and Cord Sera: A Case-Control Study.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histidine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Leucine; Methionine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Threonine; Tryptophan; Valine | 2023 |
A highly-safe live auxotrophic vaccine protecting against disease caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella Typhimurium in mice.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Inflammation; Mice; Salmonella typhimurium | 2023 |
[Rational metabolic engineering of
Topics: Alanine; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Metabolic Engineering | 2023 |
Alterations in the amino acid profile in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with and without Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Antibodies; Arginine; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hashimoto Disease; Humans; Lysine; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tyrosine | 2023 |
Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the bitter thresholds of amino acids, peptides, and their derivatives.
Topics: Amino Acids; Humans; Mathematics; Peptides; Structure-Activity Relationship; Taste | 1987 |
Prediction of the GTPase activities by using the semiempirical molecular orbital theory.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Chemistry, Physical; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine Triphosphate; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Thermodynamics | 1998 |