agar and ubiquinone-8

A Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, rod-shaped bacterium motile with a single polar flagellum, designated strain hydD622T, was isolated from the sediment of a tidal flat at Asan Bay, Korea. Strain hydD622T exhibited an agarolytic activity. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain hydD622T was closely related to Agarivorans litoreus KCTC 42116T, Agarivorans albus KCTC 22256T and Agarivorans gilvus KCTC 32555T with similarities of 98.4, 98.0 and 96.5 %, respectively. Strain hydD622T was clustered distantly from the other genera in the family Alteromonadaceae but formed a unique clade within the genus Agarivorans based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The DNA-DNA relatedness with Agarivorans litoreus KCTC 42116T and Agarivorans. albus KCTC 22256T was 39.0 and 37.8 %, respectively. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0,C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8, and the polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 44 mol%. On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain hydD622T represents a novel species within the genus Agarivorans, for which the name Agarivorans aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Agarivorans aestuarii sp. nov. is hydD622T (=KCTC 32543T=CGMCC 1.12692T).

Topics: Agar; Alteromonadaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Geologic Sediments; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Republic of Korea; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seawater; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain YN3(T), which was isolated from a seaweed sample taken from the coast of Weihai, China. The bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, and could grow at pH 5.0-10.0 and 4-32 °C in the presence of 0-9.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain YN3(T) was positive for the hydrolysis of polysaccharides, such as agar, starch and xylan. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The main polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, and two unidentified glycolipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 49.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YN3(T) should be assigned to the genus Gilvimarinus. 'Gilvimarinus agarilyticus' KCTC 23325 and Gilvimarinus chinensis QM42(T) had the closest phylogenetic relationship to strain YN3(T), and showed 97.9 % and 95.8 % sequence similarities, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data and DNA-DNA hybridization studies, we propose that strain YN3(T) represents a novel species of the genus Gilvimarinus, for which the name Gilvimarinus polysaccharolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YN3(T) ( = KCTC 32438(T) = JCM 19198(T)). An emended description of the genus Gilvimarinus is also presented.

Topics: Agar; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Gammaproteobacteria; Glycolipids; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seaweed; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan. The strain exhibited agar-degrading activity. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity). The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components. The major quinone was Q-8. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).

Topics: Agar; Alteromonadaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Japan; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seawater; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone

During a study intended to screen for agar-degrading bacteria, strain M2-5T was isolated from black sand off the shore of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. Strain M2-5T exhibited agarase activity; the β-agarase gene of the isolate had 62 % amino acid sequence identity to the β-agarase gene of Microbulbifer thermotolerans JAMB A94T. The isolate was closely related to members of the genus Simiduia but was clearly discernible from reported Simiduia species, based on a polyphasic analysis. Cells of strain M2-5T were Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile rods. The DNA G+C content was 53.3 mol%. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major cellular fatty acids were C17:1ω8c (25.9 %), summed feature 3 (iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH and/or C16:1ω7c; 17.2 %) and C17:0 (15.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain M2-5T had 96.6 % gene sequence similarity to Simiduia agarivorans SA1T, the most closely related type strain of the genus Simiduia. These results suggest that strain M2-5T represents a novel species in the genus Simiduia, for which the name Simiduia areninigrae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is M2-5T (=KCTC 23293T=NCAIM B 02424T).

Topics: Agar; Alteromonadaceae; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Glycoside Hydrolases; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Republic of Korea; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Silicon Dioxide; Ubiquinone