agar and malachite-green

In this study, a new Tb-MOF fluorescence probe was developed for the detection of malachite green (MG) in real aquatic products. Fluorescence sensing experiments revealed that MG can effectively quench the green fluorescence of Tb-MOF suspensions, and the detection process exhibits the advantages of high sensitivity, a wide linear range (0-80 μM), a low detection limit (10.8 nM) and a rapid response time. Selective detection of MG is achieved primarily through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanisms. Furthermore, a smartphone-assisted Tb-MOF-based agar slice detection platform was constructed for the visual and quantitative detection of MG. Additionally, the on-site detection of MG in crucian and shrimp samples was accomplished with high recoveries (99.8 %-107.99 %) and low relative standard deviations (RSD < 2.2 %). This developed detection platform introduced a low-cost, portable and user-friendly approach for MG detection.

Topics: Agar; Biological Assay; Electron Transport; Fluorescent Dyes; Limit of Detection; Smartphone

The present study involves the synthesis of green functional material based on the silver nanoparticle (Ag NPs) doped cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) immobilized agar gum (AA) biopolymer using chemical coprecipitation method. The stabilization of Ag NPs in cellulose matrix and functionalization of the synthesized material through agar gum was analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy X-Ray diffraction (EDX), Photoelectron X-ray (XPS), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Selected area energy diffraction (SAED) and ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD results suggested that the synthesized AA-CNC@Ag BNC material is composed of 47 % crystalline and 53 % amorphous nature having distorted hexagonal structure due to capping of Ag NPs by amorphous biopolymer matrix. The Debye-Scherer crystallite sized was calculated as 18 nm which is found in close agreement with TEM analysis (19 nm). The SAED yellow fringes simulates the miller indices values with XRD patterns and supported the surface functionalization of Ag NPs by biopolymer blend of AA-CNC. The XPS data supported the presence of Ag

Topics: Agar; Cellulose; Metal Nanoparticles; Silver; Wastewater

In currently, biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are most widely used numerous in biological applications such as biosensor, energy, medicine, agriculture, environmental and industrial wastewater treatment. The hierarchical CuO NPs was synthesized via green chemistry method by using of Abutilon indicum (A. indicum) leaf extract, its nontoxic, facile and low-cost approaches. Biogenic synthesized CuO NPs was characterized by using a UV-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field mission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The synthesized CuO NPs was performed antibacterial activity against human pathogenic organisms of both Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) and Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria by using agar well diffusion method. Biological synthesized CuO NPs was showed potential bactericidal activity against Gram positive bacteria of B. subtilis than compared to Gram negative bacteria of E. coli. The cytotoxic effect of A. indicum mediated synthesized CuO NPs was evaluated against to human lung A549 and breast MDA-MB-231cancer cell lines by determined using of MTT assay. In furthermore, photocatalytic dye degradation was performed that synthesized CuO NPs have effectively removed 78% of malachite green dye molecule. Our investigation results suggested that the green synthesized CuO NPs potential biological activity of antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacterial, anticancer activity was effectively against MDA-MB-231cancer cell line and good dye degradation was exhibited in malachite green. The A. indicum aqueous leaf extract mediated synthesized CuO NPs has strongly suggested promising nano-biomaterials for fabrication of biomedical applications.

Topics: Agar; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Copper; Escherichia coli; Female; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Lung; Malvaceae; Metal Nanoparticles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oxides; Plant Extracts; Rosaniline Dyes; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; X-Ray Diffraction

To assess differences between two recommended selective culture media, Nash and Snyder medium (NS) and malachite green agar 2.5 (MGA 2.5), for the detection of Fusarium infection in conventional and transgenic maize kernels.. In total, 10 800 kernels from commercial varieties grown in Spain were analysed using these Fusarium selective culture media. Fusarium verticillioides was predominant in both selective culture media. Mean percentages of Fusarium infected kernels were significantly lower in transgenic maize kernels than in conventional maize kernels. There were no significant differences in percentage of Fusarium infection between the two selective culture media used, although the total mean value on MGA 2.5 (18.8%) was slightly lower than on NS (19.1%).. MGA 2.5 performed as a potent selective medium for the detection of Fusarium infection in maize kernels using the direct plating technique.. NS with pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) as fungal inhibitor is one of the most widely employed selective culture medium for Fusarium spp. However, PCNB has been reported to be carcinogenic. MGA 2.5 can be used as an alternative to NS in the detection of Fusarium infection in grain samples using the direct plating technique.

Topics: Agar; Colony Count, Microbial; Culture Media; Fusarium; Nitrobenzenes; Plant Diseases; Plants, Genetically Modified; Rosaniline Dyes; Spain; Zea mays

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of chocolate agar as an alternative medium instead of Middlebrook 7H10 agar, for the susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains against isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), streptomycin (STR) and ethambutol (ETM). The susceptibility results obtained by chocolate agar were compared with the results of BACTEC 460 TB (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD, USA) system which was accepted as the reference method. A total of 25 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were included to the study and susceptibility testing was performed on malachite green added-chocolate agar with some modifications of proportion method recommended by NCCLS. In our study when comparing the results obtained by chocolate agar with the results of BACTEC 460 TB system, the concordance rates for INH, STR, RIF and ETM were found as 88%, 88%, 84% and 72%, respectively. The specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values of susceptibility testing on chocolate agar have been detected as 82.3%, 100%, 72.7% and 100% for INH; 78.5%, 100%, 78.5% and 100% for RIF; 83.3%, 84.2%, 94.1% and 62.5% for STR; 25%, 94.1%, 72.7% and 66.6% for ETM, respectively. The results of the susceptibility testing performed on chocolate agar were obtained on the 21st day of incubation for all isolates. In conclusion, the data from our study suggested that chocolate agar can be used as an alternative medium for the susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis, however, further studies with more isolates are needed for the standardisation of the method.

Topics: Agar; Antitubercular Agents; Coloring Agents; Culture Media; Erythrocytes; Ethambutol; Humans; Isoniazid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rifampin; Rosaniline Dyes; Streptomycin

Nash and Snyder medium and malachite green agar 2.5 ppm medium, a new selective culture medium designed in our laboratory, were challenged with pure cultures of Fusarium moniliforme strains and two different mixed-conidium suspensions, which included rapidly spreading fungi, for their utility in the isolation and enumeration of F. moniliforme. From the results of this comparative study, malachite green agar 2.5 ppm allowed only the selective growth of F. moniliforme whereas Nash and Snyder medium allowed both the growth of F. moniliforme and other species not belonging to Fusarium spp. The enumeration of F. moniliforme propagules was similar in both culture media.

Topics: Agar; Culture Media; Fusarium; Nitrobenzenes; Peptones; Rosaniline Dyes; Selection, Genetic; Soil Microbiology; Spores, Fungal

The development of Rappaport's enrichment medium and elevated temperature incubation as methods of salmonella isolation is traced. The recent recording of a merger of the two techniques by means of Rappaport--Vassiliadis medium is noted (RV medium). In Cardiff, we have found an earlier modification of Rappaport's enrichment (R25) by Vassiliadis to be efficient in salmonella recovery from environment samples. The current study compares the two media using sewage polluted natural water as test material. Under the conditions of experiment, R25 was more successful in salmonella isolation than RV, although the later medium inhibited competitive organisms better. R25 is a convenient enrichment broth for routine use. In combination with pre-enrichment it allows the use of a loop for subculture rather than a pipette. This increases safe manipulation. It also produces a high proportion of positive isolations at the 24 h subculture time in contrast to other enrichment broths. For these reasons it forms an integral part of salmonella isolation methodology in our laboratory.

Topics: Agar; Citrates; Citric Acid; Coloring Agents; Culture Media; Deoxycholic Acid; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rosaniline Dyes; Salmonella; Sewage; Temperature; Water Microbiology; Water Pollution

We studied the efficience of the following broths for the enrichment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: asparagine broth, malachite green broth, acetamide broth I (1% acetamide) and II (0.2% acetamide). A total of 275 P. aeruginosa containing sewage water samples was investigated. We isolated 784 P. aeruginosa strains. 6.3% of them produced no pyocyane. Until now the acetamide broth was used only diagnosticly but it can be employed also for enrichment. The acetamide broths had yields of 85.1%, 78.0% respectively. The asparagine broth showed a yield of 73.8% and the malachite green broth of 62.9% (Table 1). The comparison of the two used agars showed isolation quotas of 77.1% on cetrimide agar and of 58.3% on endo agar (Table 1). Incubation at 36 degrees C during 48 hours yielded more strains in all broths, the most in malachite green broth. However, the acetamid broth I showed already a decay of some organisms (Table 2).

Topics: Acetamides; Agar; Asparagine; Cetrimonium; Cetrimonium Compounds; Culture Media; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rosaniline Dyes

A selective medium, malachite green bacitracin agar, was developed for the isolation of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans from subgingival plaque of periodontally diseased patients. The medium consisted of Trypticase soy agar 40 gm/liter, bacitracin 128 micrograms/ml, malachite green 8 micrograms/ml and 5% defibrinated sheep blood. The medium, when incubated in an atmosphere of air plus 10% CO2 for 5 days, permitted greater than 80% recovery of pure cultures of A. actinomycetemcomitans when compared with a nonselective medium. The most frequent contaminant in plaque samples from different clinical conditions was Haemophilus aphrophilus. Decomposition of H2O2 was useful in differentiating these two species. Clinical studies employing the malachite green bacitracin medium revealed a significant association between the presence of the organism, A. actinomycetemcomitans and juvenile periodontitis.

Topics: Actinobacillus; Agar; Bacitracin; Bacteriological Techniques; Culture Media; Dental Plaque; Humans; Periodontitis; Rosaniline Dyes

Topics: Agar; Bacteriological Techniques; Chemical Industry; Culture Media; Phenolsulfonphthalein; Rosaniline Dyes; Salmonella; Sewage; Toxicology; Water; Water Microbiology; Water Pollution

Topics: Agar; Animals; Bacillus; Charcoal; Culture Media; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Insecta; Lacticaseibacillus casei; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Polyethylene Glycols; Rosaniline Dyes

Topics: Agar; Culture Media; Humans; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Penicillins; Rosaniline Dyes; Tellurium; Tunica Media