6-nitronorepinephrine and vanoxerine

6-Nitronoradrenaline, a bioactive compound recently identified in the brain, is known to inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase. To study its effect on dopamine metabolism, it was administered into rat striatum via a microdialysis probe. Other nitrated catechols (6-nitrodopamine, 6-nitro-DOPAC and 5-nitro-HVA) were studied for comparison. Tolcapone, a selective catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, was used as a positive reference compound. Both 6-nitronoradrenaline and tolcapone increased striatal extracellular dopamine levels during the perfusion (at 100 microM concentration but not at 10 microM) and decreased the efflux of homovanillic acid. Tolcapone, but not other nitrated catechols, increased 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid efflux. None of the compounds inhibited MAO-B activity at 100 microM or lower. At 1 mM, 6-nitrodopamine inhibited MAO-B by 60%. Compared to tolcapone, other nitrated catechols were very weak COMT inhibitors in vitro. Neither tolcapone nor 6-nitronoradrenaline modified the metabolism of L-dopa which was given peripherally. In binding studies, both 6-nitronoradrenaline and other nitrocatechols failed to affect the dopamine transporter even at high micromolar concentrations. In conclusion, exogenous 6-nitronoradrenaline can act as a COMT inhibitor in the striatum and elevate striatal dopamine levels without inhibiting dopamine reuptake. Whether endogenous 6-nitronoradrenaline can be formed also in vivo in the striatum and act as a regulator of dopaminergic tone remains to be determined.

Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Benzophenones; Binding, Competitive; Carrier Proteins; Catechol O-Methyltransferase; Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Microdialysis; Monoamine Oxidase; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitrophenols; Norepinephrine; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tolcapone