2-phenyl-4-4-5-5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide and 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

As high-efficiency, safe, and low-drug resistant antibacterial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely applied in food and biomedicine. AgNPs was prepared using mango peel extract (MPE) as green and cheap reducing agent and stabilizer. In addition, a novel of preservative film material was developed with polylactic acid (PLA) as protective and substrate. AgNPs was characterized by XPS, XRD and TEM, and the size of AgNPs were in the range of 2.5-6.5 nm. The addition of AgNPs improved the mechanical properties of the film and its barrier ability to water vapor and oxygen. The film exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, and the inhibition rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were above 95%. Furthermore, in terms of safety, the silver migration and cytotoxicity of the film met the relevant standards, and the shelf life of strawberries was significantly extended.

Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cyclic N-Oxides; Escherichia coli; Food Packaging; Fragaria; Humans; Imidazoles; Mangifera; Metal Nanoparticles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Particle Size; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Polyesters; Silver; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcus aureus; Thermogravimetry; Water; X-Ray Diffraction

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening gastrointestinal disease encountered in the premature infant. It has been shown that the intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation activated by lipopolysaccharide involved in the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and pathogenesis of NEC. Here, we report that an antioxidant peptide from tuna backbone protein (APTBP) reduces the inflammatory cytokines transcription and release. APTBP directly scavenges the free radical through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) assay. In addition, APTBP reduces the intracellular ROS level, exhibiting an antioxidant activity within cells. Remarkably, gavage with APTBP attenuates the phenotype of NEC in the mice model. Mechanically, the NF-κB activation, together with the expression of inflammatory cytokines are decreased significantly when intracellular ROS are eliminated by APTBP. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that an antioxidant peptide, APTBP, ameliorates inflammation in NEC through attenuating ROS-NF-κB axis.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biphenyl Compounds; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Imidazoles; Inflammation; Intestinal Mucosa; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; NF-kappa B; Peptides; Picrates; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tuna

A series of 46 curcumin related diarylpentanoid analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. Among these compounds 2, 13 and 33 exhibited potent NO inhibitory effect on IFN-gamma/LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells as compared to L-NAME and curcumin. However, these series of diarylpentanoid analogues were not significantly inhibiting NO scavenging, total radical scavenging and tyrosinase enzyme activities. The results revealed that the biological activity of these diarylpentanoid analogues is most likely due to their action mainly upon inflammatory mediator, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The present results showed that compounds 2, 13 and 33 might serve as a useful starting point for the design of improved anti-inflammatory agents.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Curcumin; Drug Design; Ethylenediamines; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Nitric Oxide; Picrates; Sulfanilamides