2-2--azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic-acid and ferric-chloride

Topics: Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chlorides; Chromatography, Liquid; Ferric Compounds; Malva; Mass Spectrometry; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Seeds; Sulfonic Acids

The present study investigates anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant potentials of the aerial parts of Aerva javanica and seeds of Linum ustitatissimum. Our results revealed that maximum antioxidant activity was found in hexane fractions of both plants. Linum ustitatissimum recorded maximum antioxidant value of 15.77mmol/L while Aerva javanica had antioxidant activity of 16.07mmol/L. Anti-diabetic activities were also evaluated using normal rats, induced diabetic (untreated) rats and treated diabetic rats. Aerva javanica revealed a significant potential in decreasing blood glucose level to 77.08mg/dl and body weight 76.30mg/kg while Linum ustitatissimum reduced blood glucose level to 84.20mg/dl and body weight 83.090mg/kg. From these results it can be concluded that both plants possesses anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity.

Topics: Alloxan; Amaranthaceae; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biomarkers; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Chlorides; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Ferric Compounds; Flax; Hexanes; Hypoglycemic Agents; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids

Extracts from three macroalgae species (Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE), Bifurcaria bifurcata (BBE) and Fucus vesiculosus (FVE)) were tested for proximate composition (total solid, protein and total carbohydrate contents), total phenols content (TPC), and for their antioxidant activities in vitro in comparison to that of BHT compound by using four different assays (ABTS radical cation decolouration, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)). The inclusion of the extracts as oil stabilizers in canola oil in substitution of the synthetic antioxidant (BHT) was also evaluated by assessing lipid oxidation parameters (peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (AV), TBARS value, conjugated dienes (CD) and TOTOX index) under accelerated storage conditions (16days, 60°C). There was an inverse relationship between total solid content and total polyphenols content in the seaweed extracts. FVE showed an intermediate TPC (1.15g PGE/100g extract), but it presented the highest in vitro antioxidant activity when measured using the ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests. BBE, that displayed the highest TPC (1.99g PGE/100g extract), only showed the highest in vitro antioxidant activity when measured using the ORAC test. ANE showed the lowest TPC and the lowest antioxidant activity in all the tests performed. The seaweed extracts added in a 500ppm concentration significantly reduced the oxidation during canola oil storage at 60°C, being this antioxidant effect significantly higher than that of BHT added at 50ppm. Results indicate that seaweed extracts can effectively inhibit the oxidation of canola oil and they can be a healthier alternative to the synthetic antioxidants in the oil industry.

Topics: Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Chlorides; Ferric Compounds; Food Preservatives; Food Storage; Fucus; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity; Phaeophyceae; Picrates; Polyphenols; Rapeseed Oil; Seaweed; Sulfonic Acids; Time Factors

Topics: 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Alopecia; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Chick Embryo; Chlorides; Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase; Chorioallantoic Membrane; Dietary Supplements; Equisetum; Ferric Compounds; Functional Food; Humans; Interleukin-6; Lipid Peroxidation; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Phenols; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Prostatic Neoplasms; RAW 264.7 Cells; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids

We aimed in the reported study to investigate the impact of using various solvents in the extraction of potentially active compounds from Algerian propolis. Phenolic and flavonoids contents in association with antioxidant activity of the tested extracts were evaluated. Moreover phenolic composition was determined using UFLC-MS/MS. The tested parameters varied according to the used solvent. Total phenolic and flavononid contents ranged from 0.81±0.16 to 8.97±0.25 EGA mg/g and from 0.57±0.01 to 3.53±0.84 EQ mg/g respectively. All the investigated extracts demonstrated notable antiradical and reducing activities. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol were found to contain the highest amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and the strongest antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity of propolis extracts appears to be largely influenced by total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Rutin, chlorogenic, ferulic, caffeic and gallic acids were found to be the main phenolic compounds in Algerian propolis. Our results suggest that Algerian propolis may be a poplar-type propolis.

Topics: Algeria; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chlorides; Chromatography, Liquid; Copper; Ferric Compounds; Hydroxybenzoates; Picrates; Propolis; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Sulfonic Acids; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

In the present study the crude extracts of pollen of Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban were explored for their antioxidant potential using Ferric Reducing Power, Metal Chelating Activity and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity assays. In crude extracts of pollen antioxidant components were initially extracted in methanol and further fractionated in solvents of different polarity, such as n-Hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate and Water exhibited reasonable antioxidant activity. The extract was found to contain large amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents ranged from 143-1155 mg/l of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 911-2488 mg/l of quercetin (QE) respectively. Moreover, Super oxide Anion Radical Scavenging Activity and GS-MS analysis were also carried out.

Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Centella; Chlorides; Chloroform; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Iron Chelating Agents; Methanol; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Pollen; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxides; Water

The agroindustrial residues have been recognized as important sources of some prominent chemical compounds and hence a viable strategy of obtaining bioactive compounds could be applied to them. The present study was aimed to investigate the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of some Brazilian exotic fruits (achachairu, araçá-boi, bacaba) residues. The antioxidant capacity of fruit residues was evaluated by ORAC, FRAP and ABTS assays. The contents of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined. The identification and quantification of the phenolic compounds were performed by using the UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS system. The compounds cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, epicatechin and quercetin were identified and quantified in all fruits residues. The residue with the highest antioxidant capacity was bacaba for ORAC (15,285.51±20.38μmolTE/100g) and FRAP (16,916.37±10.01μmolTE/100g) assays, as well as total phenolic compounds in its methanolic extract (1537.45±73.35mgGAE/100g).

Topics: Antioxidants; Arecaceae; Benzothiazoles; Brazil; Carotenoids; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Eugenia; Ferric Compounds; Flavonoids; Fruit; Garcinia; Hydroxybenzoates; Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity; Sulfonic Acids; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Albizia odoratissima (L. f.) Benth has been used in Indian folk medicine to treat numerous inflammatory pathologies, such as leprosy, ulcers, burns and asthma.. To evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of A. odoratissima.. Dried leaves of A. odoratissima were extracted in organic solvents (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant activity was examined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H. The leaves of A. odoratissima showed potent free radical scavenging property and antimicrobial activity.

Topics: Albizzia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chlorides; Ferric Compounds; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MION) were recently found to act as a peroxidase with intrinsic advantages over natural counterparts. Their limited affinity toward catalysis substrates, however, dramatically reduces their utility. In this paper, some effective groups were screened out and conjugated on MION as substrate-specific modifications for improving MION's affinity to substrates and hence utility. Nanoparticles of four different superficial structures were synthesized and characterized by TEM, size, zeta potential and SQUID, and assayed for peroxidase activity. Glucose detection was selected as an application model system to evaluate the bonus thereof. Catalysis was found to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Sulfhydryl groups incorporated on MION (SH-MION) notably improve the affinity toward a substrate (hydrogen peroxide) and so do amino groups (NH₂-MION) toward another substrate, proved by variation in the determined kinetic parameters. A synergistically positive effect was observed and an apparently elevated detection sensitivity and a significantly lowered detection limit of glucose were achieved when integrated with both sulfhydryl and amino groups (SH-NH₂-MION). Our findings suggest that substrate-specific surface modifications are a straightforward and robust strategy to improve MION peroxidase-like activity. The high activity extends magnetic nanoparticles to wide applications other than glucose detection.

Topics: Amines; Benzothiazoles; Catalysis; Chlorides; Citric Acid; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Magnetics; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Organosilicon Compounds; Particle Size; Peroxidases; Propylamines; Silanes; Spectrophotometry; Static Electricity; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfonic Acids; Surface Properties

1. The composition of synthetic cell culture media is important for the behaviour of cultured cells in vitro and may affect the results of many in vitro experiments. The total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) of an extracellular medium may be an important factor in cell redox homeostasis. 2. In the present study, the TAC of cell culture media used for the cultivation of mammalian, yeast and bacterial cells (RPMI1640, Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, minimum essential medium Eagle's 1959 with Earle's salts, Parker medium 199 with Hanks salts, bacterial Luria-Bertani medium, yeast extract-peptone-glucose and yeast nitrogen base media) was estimated using the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS(.+)) decolourization assay and the ferric ion reducing anti-oxidant power assay. 3. We found that components of the media such as cysteine, tyrosine, tryptophan and Phenol Red are important contributors to the TAC of cell culture media.

Topics: Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Chlorides; Colorimetry; Culture Media; Cysteine; Ferric Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenolsulfonphthalein; Spectrophotometry; Sulfonic Acids; Thiazoles; Tryptophan; Tyrosine

Differences in susceptibility to oxidative stress between males and females have been postulated. Several methods have been developed to assess the total antioxidant capacity of human serum or plasma, but just recently some of them were employed for measurement of antioxidant capacity of tissues. In this study, we measured and compared antioxidant capacity of heart, kidney, liver and brain tissues of male and female rats. Antioxidant capacity was determined using 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate; ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. In the same samples, lipid peroxidation products of these tissues were analysed using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. Antioxidant capacity of heart, kidney and liver tissues was higher in female than male rats for both FRAP and ABTS assays. We found positive correlation between FRAP and ABTS values for all tested tissues. FRAP and ABTS proved to be comparable, simple and quick methods for antioxidant capacity scanning in tissues. TBARS levels differed only for brain tissue, being higher in males. These results indicate stronger defense against oxidative damage in females for all observed tissues. These finding may account for the longer lifespan of females.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Chlorides; Female; Ferric Compounds; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sex Characteristics; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Sulfonic Acids; Tissue Distribution