2-2--azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic-acid and bergenin

Bergenin, a compound derived from gallic acid, is a secondary metabolite of the plant Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.. In this study, we aimed to characterize the ability of bergenin to eliminate the radicals in non-biological systems.. We evaluated bergenin's ability to protect erythrocytes from oxidative damage in a biological system. We have elucidated bergenin structure using nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. We then evaluated its antioxidant capacity in vitro against DPPH•, ABTS•+, hydroxyl radicals, and nitric oxide, and determined its ability to transfer electrons owing to its reduction potential and ability to chelate iron. We also evaluated its protective capacity against oxidative damage produced by AAPH in erythrocytes, its hemolytic properties, its ability to inhibit hemolysis, and its ability to maintain intracellular reduced glutathione homeostasis.. Bergenin concentrations between 0.1 and 3mM significantly (p < 0.05) and dose dependently decreased formation of ABTS•+, DPPH•, nitrite ions, OH•, reduced formation ferricyanide, ferrozine-Fe2+complex, inhibited AAPH-induced oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes, raised GSH levels in the presence of AAPH, inhibited AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes.. Bergenin may represent a novel alternative antioxidant, with potential applications in various industries, including drugs, cosmetics, and foods.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Benzopyrans; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Electron Transport; Erythrocytes; Fabaceae; Female; Glutathione; Hemolysis; Homeostasis; Hydroxyl Radical; Intracellular Space; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Nitrites; Picrates; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulfonic Acids

The antioxidant properties of three successive extracts of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler root and the isolated compound, bergenin, were tested using standard in vitro and in vivo models. The amount of the total phenolic compounds present was also determined. The successive methanol extract of Caesalpinia digyna root (CDM) exhibited strong scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The free radical scavenging effect of CDM was comparable with that of reference antioxidants. The CDM having the highest content of phenolic compounds and strong free radical scavenging effect when administered orally to male albino rats at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight for 7 days, prior to carbontetrachloride (CCl(4)) treatment, caused a significant increase in the levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and significant decrease in the levels of lipidperoxidation (LPO) in serum, liver and kidney in a dose dependent manner, when compared to CCl(4) treated control. These results clearly indicate the strong antioxidant property of Caesalpinia digyna root. The study provides a proof for the ethnomedical claims and reported biological activities. The plant has, therefore, very good therapeutic potential.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Benzopyrans; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Caesalpinia; Carbon Tetrachloride; Catalase; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Deoxyribose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hydrazines; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kidney; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Molecular Structure; Nitric Oxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxide Dismutase