1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2-phenyl-4-4-5-5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide

As high-efficiency, safe, and low-drug resistant antibacterial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely applied in food and biomedicine. AgNPs was prepared using mango peel extract (MPE) as green and cheap reducing agent and stabilizer. In addition, a novel of preservative film material was developed with polylactic acid (PLA) as protective and substrate. AgNPs was characterized by XPS, XRD and TEM, and the size of AgNPs were in the range of 2.5-6.5 nm. The addition of AgNPs improved the mechanical properties of the film and its barrier ability to water vapor and oxygen. The film exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, and the inhibition rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were above 95%. Furthermore, in terms of safety, the silver migration and cytotoxicity of the film met the relevant standards, and the shelf life of strawberries was significantly extended.

Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cyclic N-Oxides; Escherichia coli; Food Packaging; Fragaria; Humans; Imidazoles; Mangifera; Metal Nanoparticles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Particle Size; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Polyesters; Silver; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcus aureus; Thermogravimetry; Water; X-Ray Diffraction

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening gastrointestinal disease encountered in the premature infant. It has been shown that the intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation activated by lipopolysaccharide involved in the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and pathogenesis of NEC. Here, we report that an antioxidant peptide from tuna backbone protein (APTBP) reduces the inflammatory cytokines transcription and release. APTBP directly scavenges the free radical through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) assay. In addition, APTBP reduces the intracellular ROS level, exhibiting an antioxidant activity within cells. Remarkably, gavage with APTBP attenuates the phenotype of NEC in the mice model. Mechanically, the NF-κB activation, together with the expression of inflammatory cytokines are decreased significantly when intracellular ROS are eliminated by APTBP. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that an antioxidant peptide, APTBP, ameliorates inflammation in NEC through attenuating ROS-NF-κB axis.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biphenyl Compounds; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Imidazoles; Inflammation; Intestinal Mucosa; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; NF-kappa B; Peptides; Picrates; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tuna