Liddle Syndrome

Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA; ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits. Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT.

Synonym
Pseudoaldosteronism
Liddle Syndrome

Excerpt	Reference
"Liddle syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant monogenic form of hypertension."	( Cui, Y; Jiang, J; Li, C; Tong, A; Wang, F, 2017)
"Pseudoaldosteronism is a common adverse effect associated with traditional Japanese Kampo medicines."	( Hirasawa, A; Ishiuchi, K; Maki, Y; Makino, T; Mitamura, M; Morinaga, O; Ohkita, T; Tian, C; Yasujima, T; Yuasa, H, 2018)
"Licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism is a common adverse effect in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, and 3-monoglucuronyl glycyrrhetinic acid (3MGA) was considered as a causative agent of it."	( Hirasawa, A; Ishiuchi, K; Kondo, T; Maki, Y; Makino, T; Minamizawa, K; Mitamura, M; Morinaga, O; Namiki, T; Ohkita, T; Tian, C; Yasujima, T; Yuasa, H, 2019)
"Liddle syndrome is a monogenic disease with autosomal dominant inheritance."	( Baryshnikova, NV; Ilinsky, VV; Klimchuk, OI; Kozina, AA; Krasnenko, AY; Obuhova, VA; Okuneva, EG; Shatalov, PA; Surkova, EI; Trofimova, TA; Tsukanov, KY, 2019)
"Liddle syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease caused by a single gene mutation."	( Jin, Y; Qiu, W; Yao, J, 2023)
"Liddle syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease caused by a single gene mutation."	( Jin, Y; Qiu, W; Yao, J, 2023)
"Liddle syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypertension, hypokalemia, low aldosterone levels, and reduced renin activity."	( Pan, R; Wang, R; Zhang, R; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2023)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	23.3326
1990's	0 (0.00)	12.5806
2000's	0 (0.00)	18.1394
2010's	47 (85.45)	28.8240
2020's	8 (14.55)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies
hydrogen carbonate	low	1
hydrochlorothiazide	low	3
potassium chloride	low	1
propofol	low	1
triamterene	low	3
spironolactone	low	1
aldosterone	low	19
glycyrrhizic acid	low	10
amiloride	low	10
iodinated glycerol	low	14
remifentanil	low	1
hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene	low	1
amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination	low	1
benzamil	low	1
chymosin	low	1
glycyrrhetyl 3-monoglucuronide	low	4
angiotensin ii	low	1
cortisone	low	1
sodium bicarbonate	low	1
bilirubin	low	2
piperidines	low	1
diospyros	low	1

Protein Targets (329)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
AR protein	6	0	0	6
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	7	0	0	7
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	4	0	0	4
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	1	0	0	1
geminin	6	0	0	6
Sex hormone-binding globulin	0	0	2	2
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	2	0	2
Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	3	2	6
Androgen receptor	0	3	0	4
Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A1	0	0	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	2	0	0	2
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	4	0	0	4
Chain U, UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR	0	1	0	1
Chain A, UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR	0	1	0	1
Chain A, UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR	0	1	0	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	5	0	0	5
Chain B, HADH2 protein	5	0	0	5
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	4	0	0	4
acid sphingomyelinase	1	0	0	1
acetylcholinesterase	3	0	0	3
thioredoxin reductase	4	0	0	4
TDP1 protein	5	0	0	5
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	5	0	0	5
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	3	0	0	3
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	2	0	0	2
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	7	0	0	7
glucocerebrosidase	4	0	0	4
arylsulfatase A	4	0	0	4
alpha-galactosidase	3	0	0	3
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	5	0	0	5
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	1	0	0	1
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	4	0	0	4
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	4	0	0	4
huntingtin isoform 2	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	4	0	0	4
lamin isoform A-delta10	5	0	0	5
Membrane primary amine oxidase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	1
Bile salt export pump	0	4	0	4
Prothrombin	0	1	0	1
Coagulation factor X	0	1	0	1
Plasminogen	0	1	0	1
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator	0	2	0	2
Tissue-type plasminogen activator	0	2	0	2
Cationic trypsin	0	1	0	1
Coagulation factor XI	0	1	0	1
Plasma kallikrein	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K-dependent protein C	0	1	0	1
Cellular tumor antigen p53	5	0	0	5
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator	0	2	0	2
Trypsin-1	0	1	0	1
Trypsin-2	0	1	0	1
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1	0	2	0	2
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3	0	2	0	2
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	1	0	1
Trypsin-3	0	1	0	1
Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	1	0	1
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 2	0	2	0	2
Acid-sensing ion channel 1	0	1	0	1
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 5	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	1
Acid-sensing ion channel 3	0	1	0	1
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	2	0	0	2
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	2	0	0	2
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 3	0	1	0	1
Type-1A angiotensin II receptor	0	2	1	3
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	0	0	1	1
Type-1B angiotensin II receptor	0	2	0	2
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	0	2	2	4
Type-2 angiotensin II receptor	0	2	0	2
Type-2 angiotensin II receptor	0	2	0	2
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	3	0	0	3
NFKB1 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
Thrombopoietin	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	2	0	0	2
EWS/FLI fusion protein	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 2D6	2	0	0	2
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	1	0	0	1
D(1A) dopamine receptor	2	0	0	2
flap endonuclease 1	2	0	0	2
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	4	0	0	4
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	1	0	0	1
Interferon beta	3	0	0	3
Histamine H2 receptor	3	0	0	3
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Cruzipain	2	0	0	2
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	1	0	0	1
USP1 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
Microtubule-associated protein tau	1	0	0	1
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	1	0	0	1
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	2	0	0	2
Caspase-7	2	0	0	2
Inositol monophosphatase 1	2	0	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	3	0	4
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	3	0	4
endonuclease IV	2	0	0	2
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
pregnane X receptor	2	0	0	2
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	4	0	0	4
GLS protein	2	0	0	2
GLI family zinc finger 3	5	0	0	5
progesterone receptor	4	0	0	4
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	5	0	0	5
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	4	0	0	4
pregnane X nuclear receptor	4	0	0	4
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	4	0	0	4
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	3	0	0	3
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	3	0	0	3
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	4	0	0	4
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	4	0	0	4
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor	1	0	0	1
chromobox protein homolog 1	3	0	0	3
heat shock protein beta-1	3	0	0	3
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	1	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	3	1	1	5
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	4	1	5
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	4	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	3	1	1	5
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	4	0	4
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	4	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	3	1	1	5
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	4	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	3	1	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	3	1	1	5
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1	0	0	1	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	1	0	0	1
GABA theta subunit	3	1	1	5
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	3	1	1	5
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	4	0	0	4
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form	0	1	0	1
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	0	1	0	1
Beta-glucuronidase	0	1	0	1
Beta-glucuronidase	0	1	0	1
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	0	1	0	1
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	0	1	1	2
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	0	1	1	2
Spike glycoprotein	3	0	0	3
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	0	1
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2	0	1	1	2
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B2	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	2	0	2
ATAD5 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
Hsf1 protein	0	0	2	2
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	3	0	0	3
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	4	0	0	4
G	2	0	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	2	0	0	2
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	2	0	2
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	3	0	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	5	0	5
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	6	0	6
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	2	0	0	2
Albumin	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor 2	3	0	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	4	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	3	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	3	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	3	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Delta carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	2	0	0	2
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	2	0	0	2
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	2	0	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	1	0	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 31	0	0	1	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 60	0	0	1	1
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 4	0	1	1	2
Taste receptor type 2 member 14	0	0	1	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 13	0	0	1	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 9	0	0	1	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 4	0	0	1	1
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 2	0	1	1	2
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	2	0	0	2
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	3	0	0	3
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
activating transcription factor 6	3	0	0	3
Histone H2A.x	3	0	0	3
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	1	0	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9	0	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	2	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	0	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	0	1	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	0	1	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8	0	0	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	1	0	1
glp-1 receptor, partial	1	0	0	1
SMAD family member 2	2	0	0	2
SMAD family member 3	2	0	0	2
Smad3	2	0	0	2
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	2	0	0	2
67.9K protein	2	0	0	2
IDH1	2	0	0	2
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
Vpr	1	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	2	1	3
Progesterone receptor	0	2	1	3
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
Androgen receptor	0	2	1	3
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	1	1	2
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	2	0	0	2
Ataxin-2	2	0	0	2
Chain A, PAPAIN	1	0	0	1
Luciferase	1	0	0	1
interleukin 8	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	1	0	0	1
Fumarate hydratase	1	0	0	1
nonstructural protein 1	1	0	0	1
polyprotein	1	0	0	1
putative alpha-glucosidase	1	0	0	1
pyruvate kinase	1	0	0	1
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	1	0	0	1
Janus kinase 2 (a protein tyrosine kinase)	0	1	0	1
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	1	0	0	1
tumor necrosis factor	1	0	0	1
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12	1	0	0	1
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	1	0	0	1
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1	1	0	0	1
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	1	0	0	1
snurportin-1	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	1	0	0	1
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1	1	0	0	1
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	1	0	0	1
plasminogen precursor	1	0	0	1
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	1	0	0	1
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
lethal factor (plasmid)	1	0	0	1
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform b	1	0	0	1
Integrin beta-3	1	0	0	1
Cathepsin G	0	1	0	1
Integrin alpha-IIb	1	0	0	1
Ornithine decarboxylase	1	0	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	1	0	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	1	0	1
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	1	0	0	1
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1	0	1	0	1
Caspase-1	0	1	0	1
Casein kinase I isoform alpha	0	1	0	1
Casein kinase I isoform delta	0	1	0	1
Casein kinase I isoform epsilon	0	1	0	1
Pteridine reductase 1	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(2)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (55)

Protein Targets (329)

Liddle Syndrome

Synonyms(2)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (55)

Drugs Studied (29)

Protein Targets (329)