Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Leukoedema, Oral

A disorder of the buccal mucosa resembling early leukoplakia, characterized by the presence of filmy opalescence of the mucosa in the early stages to a whitish gray cast with a coarsely wrinkled surface in the later stages, associated with intracellular edema of the spinous or malpighian layer. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Leukoedema, Oral

Research

Studies (19)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199011 (57.89)23.3326
1990's4 (21.05)12.5806
2000's2 (10.53)18.1394
2010's2 (10.53)28.8240
2020's0 (0.00)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
nicotine 1-n-oxide0low10
methaqualone0low10
n'-nitrosoanabasine0low10
n'-nitrosonornicotine0low10
4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone0low10
nicotine0low30
glucuronic acid0low10
hydroxycotinine0low20
cotinine-n-oxide0low20
cotinine n-glucuronide0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low40
cocaine0low10
n'-nitrosoanatabine0low10
bromochloroacetic acid0low20
cotinine0low20
nicotine n-glucuronide0low10
sodium dodecyl sulfate0low10
alpha-chymotrypsin0low10
humulene0low10

Protein Targets (207)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha2002
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma3003
AR protein4004
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A14004
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 31001
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 12002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 13003
Cellular tumor antigen p532002
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma2002
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0202
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Liver carboxylesterase 10001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0202
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0203
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20202
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Transporter0315
ATAD5 protein, partial1001
GALC protein1001
regulator of G-protein signaling 42002
flap endonuclease 11001
Cytochrome P450 1A20202
Cytochrome P450 3A40202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40337
Cytochrome P450 2A60314
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20337
Cytochrome P450 2A50202
Spike glycoprotein2002
TDP1 protein2002
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha3003
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 23003
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I1001
lamin isoform A-delta102002
Glutamate receptor 10101
Glutamate receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor 30101
Glutamate receptor 40101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
interleukin 82002
thioredoxin reductase1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit2002
GLI family zinc finger 32002
Microtubule-associated protein tau1001
Smad31001
arylsulfatase A1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 21001
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
chromobox protein homolog 11001
geminin2002
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40213
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Bile salt export pump0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha0213
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha0213
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta0213
Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma0213
Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta0213
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30225
Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma0213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta0213
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-20225
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-30225
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40225
Translocator protein0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20213
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-50225
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-like 20202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-50011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30213
Delta-type opioid receptor0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70224
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60225
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-90225
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70202
Acetylcholine-binding protein0112
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon0011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-30112
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70225
Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta0213
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60112
Cytochrome P450 2A130112
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-50202
Liver carboxylesterase B-10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 10011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-30202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Soluble acetylcholine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20213
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-100225
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60202
Integrin beta0011
Glycoprotein IIb0011
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
Luciferase1001
SMAD family member 21001
USP1 protein, partial1001
SMAD family member 31001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha1001
farnesoid X nuclear receptor1001
pregnane X nuclear receptor1001
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta1001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma1001
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor1001
alpha-galactosidase1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a1001
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA1001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a1001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 20101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha1001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]