Goiter, Intrathoracic

An enlarged THYROID GLAND with at least 50% of the gland situated behind the STERNUM. It is an unusual presentation of an intrathoracic goiter. Substernal goiters frequently cause compression on the TRACHEA leading to deviation, narrowing, and respiratory symptoms.

Synonym
Goiter, Intrathoracic
Substernal Goiter
Intrathoracic Goiter
Goiter, Substernal

Excerpt	Reference
"Substernal goiter is not known to be reported previously as one of the causes of a perfusion defect in lung scanning."	( Balon, HR; Meier, DA, 1990)
"Intrathoracic goiter is a rare cause of superior vena cava syndrome."	( Hershey, CO; McVeigh, RC; Miller, RP, 1981)

Excerpt	Reference
"In primary as well as secondary intrathoracic goiter, the therapy of choice is total/near-total thyroidectomy and subsequent levothyroxine substitution."	( Bonnema, SJ; Hegedüs, L, 2010)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	22 (40.74)	23.3326
1990's	12 (22.22)	12.5806
2000's	12 (22.22)	18.1394
2010's	8 (14.81)	28.8240
2020's	0 (0.00)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies
iodine	low	5
furosemide	low	1
halothane	low	1
lidocaine	low	1
propofol	low	1
tetracaine	low	1
thyroxine	low	8
prednisone	low	1
triiodothyronine	low	4
phenylalanine	low	1
valine	low	1
diiodotyrosine	low	1
thymidine monophosphate	low	1
technetium	low	6
barium sulfate	low	2
iodine	low	2
fluorodeoxyglucose f18	low	2
monoiodotyrosine	low	1
potassium perchlorate	low	1
propylthiouracil	low	1
thiouracil	low	1
methimazole	low	1
technetium tc 99m sestamibi	low	1
sodium pertechnetate tc 99m	low	18
warfarin	low	1
technetium tc 99m medronate	low	1
guanosine monophosphate	low	1

Protein Targets (332)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	2	0	0	2
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	2	0	0	2
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	1	0	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	4	0	0	4
RGS12	1	0	0	1
WRN	1	0	0	1
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	4	0	0	4
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	6	0	0	6
USP1 protein, partial	4	0	0	4
GLS protein	3	0	0	3
TDP1 protein	7	0	0	7
Microtubule-associated protein tau	2	0	0	2
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	7	0	0	7
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	7	0	0	7
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	14	0	0	14
G	4	0	0	4
cytochrome P450 2D6	2	0	0	2
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	8	0	0	8
activating transcription factor 6	3	0	0	3
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	2	0	0	2
chromobox protein homolog 1	4	0	0	4
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	1	0	0	1
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	7	0	0	7
flap endonuclease 1	2	0	0	2
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	2	0	0	2
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	2	0	0	2
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	1	0	0	1
plasminogen precursor	1	0	0	1
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
geminin	6	0	0	6
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	2	0	0	2
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	2	0	0	2
Interferon beta	5	0	0	5
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	4	0	0	4
C-terminal-binding protein 1	1	0	0	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	4	0	0	4
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	4	0	0	4
AR protein	5	0	0	5
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	5	0	0	5
EWS/FLI fusion protein	4	0	0	4
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	4	0	0	4
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	5	0	0	5
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	9	0	0	9
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	5	0	5
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	5	0	5
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	1	0	3
Bile salt export pump	0	2	0	2
Bile salt export pump	0	8	0	8
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	3	0	5
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	3	0	5
Albumin	0	2	1	3
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	1	0	2
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	2	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	1	0	3
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1	0	1	0	1
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	1	0	3
Adenosine receptor A1	0	1	0	1
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating	0	1	0	1
Spike glycoprotein	2	0	0	2
Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	0	1	0	1
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	1	0	3
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	5	0	5
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	3
G-protein coupled receptor 35	0	1	1	2
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	1	0	3
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
Chain A, Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE	0	1	0	1
Chain A, HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE	0	0	1	1
Chain A, HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase	0	0	1	1
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase	0	1	0	1
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1	0	0	1	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	3	0	0	3
Chain B, HADH2 protein	3	0	0	3
Chain A, Cruzipain	1	0	0	1
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	4	0	0	4
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	3	0	0	3
Cellular tumor antigen p53	7	0	0	7
Glutamate receptor 2	3	0	0	3
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Luciferase	3	0	0	3
acetylcholinesterase	2	0	0	2
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	2	0	0	2
progesterone receptor	6	0	0	6
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	3	0	0	3
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	8	0	0	8
pregnane X nuclear receptor	9	0	0	9
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	5	0	0	5
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	5	0	0	5
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	5	0	0	5
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	1	0	2
ATAD5 protein, partial	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	5	0	0	5
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	2	0	0	2
IDH1	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	3	0	0	3
lamin isoform A-delta10	7	0	0	7
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	2	1	2	5
Potassium channel subfamily K member 3	0	2	0	2
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	2	1	2	5
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	2	1	2	5
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	2	1	2	5
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	0	3	0	3
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 18	0	1	0	1
GABA theta subunit	2	1	2	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	2	1	2	5
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
GLI family zinc finger 3	4	0	0	4
Histone H2A.x	2	0	0	2
heat shock protein beta-1	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	2	0	0	2
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	2	0	0	2
Polyphenol oxidase 2	0	2	0	3
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase	0	2	0	2
Lactoperoxidase	0	1	0	1
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase	0	1	0	1
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	2	0	0	2
Iodotyrosine deiodinase	0	0	1	1
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	2	0	0	2
fMet-Leu-Phe receptor	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase	0	1	0	1
Iodotyrosine deiodinase 1	0	0	1	1
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE	0	1	0	1
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE	0	1	0	1
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	4	0	0	4
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	4	0	0	4
peripheral myelin protein 22	2	0	0	2
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1	0	1	0	1
Plasma kallikrein	0	0	0	1
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	0	1	0	1
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	0	1	0	1
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase	0	1	0	1
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase	0	1	0	1
5'-nucleotidase	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A1	0	0	0	1
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	0	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	2	0	3
SLC16A10 protein	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	0	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	0	0	1
Monocarboxylate transporter 10	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	0	0	1
Phospholipase A-2-activating protein	0	1	0	1
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
pregnane X receptor	1	0	0	1
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	2	0	0	2
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	1	0	0	1
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	2	1	3
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	0	2
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	2	0	0	2
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	2	0	0	2
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	2	0	0	2
D(1A) dopamine receptor	1	0	0	1
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	1	0	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9	0	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	4	0	4
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	0	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	4	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	1	1	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	1	1	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	1	2
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	1	1	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8	0	0	0	1
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	3	0	0	3
interleukin 8	1	0	0	1
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	2	0	0	2
NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3	0	1	0	1
Myeloperoxidase	0	1	0	1
Thyroid peroxidase	0	1	0	1
Taste receptor type 2 member 38	0	0	2	4
arylsulfatase A	1	0	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	2	0	2
cGMP-gated cation channel alpha-1	0	0	1	1
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Thymidylate Synthase	0	0	1	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic	0	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	0	0	0	1
Thymidylate kinase	0	0	0	1
Thymidylate kinase	0	1	0	2
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	2	2
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	2	2
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	2	0	0	2
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1	1	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4	0	1	0	3
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A5	0	0	0	2
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	1	0	0	1
Transthyretin	0	1	0	3
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	0	2	3	5
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	2	3	5
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen	0	2	0	2
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	0	2	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	1	0	1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	0	0	4	4
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1	0	1	0	2
Monocarboxylate transporter 8	0	0	0	1
Bile acid receptor	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	0	0	2
glp-1 receptor, partial	1	0	0	1
glucocerebrosidase	1	0	0	1
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	1	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	0	1	0	1
Prothrombin	0	0	1	1
Androgen receptor	0	1	0	1
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Arginase 1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	1	0	0	1
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
Albumin	0	0	1	1
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Protease	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1	0	2	0	2
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(4)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (54)

Protein Targets (332)

Goiter, Intrathoracic

Synonyms(4)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (54)

Drugs Studied (32)

Protein Targets (332)