Cranial Nerve IV Diseases

Diseases of the fourth cranial (trochlear) nerve or its nucleus in the midbrain. The nerve crosses as it exits the midbrain dorsally and may be injured along its course through the intracranial space, cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure, or orbit. Clinical manifestations include weakness of the superior oblique muscle which causes vertical DIPLOPIA that is maximal when the affected eye is adducted and directed inferiorly. Head tilt may be seen as a compensatory mechanism for diplopia and rotation of the visual axis. Common etiologies include CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS.

Synonym
Trochlear Nerve Palsy
Superior Oblique Palsy, Neurogenic
Fourth Cranial Nerve Diseases
Trochlear Nerve Diseases
Trochlear Nerve Disorders
Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsy
Neurogenic Superior Oblique Palsy
Trochlear Neuropathy
Cranial Nerve IV Diseases
Superior Oblique Myokymia
Fourth Nerve Palsy

Excerpt	Reference
"Superior oblique myokymia is a relatively poorly known disorder, despite classic pathognomonic symptoms."	( Defoort-Dhellemmes, S; Signolles, C; Thoorens, V, 2012)

Excerpt	Reference
"Two adult patients with superior oblique myokymia, refractory to other therapies, were treated with gabapentin orally after informed consent was obtained."	( Kosmorsky, GS; Leigh, RJ; Tomsak, RL, 2002)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	23.3326
1990's	1 (1.56)	12.5806
2000's	22 (34.38)	18.1394
2010's	31 (48.44)	28.8240
2020's	10 (15.63)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
gamma-aminobutyric acid	medium	4	1
phenytoin	low	1	0
apraclonidine	low	1	0
aspirin	low	2	0
bupivacaine	low	1	0
carbamazepine	low	3	0
clonidine	low	1	0
valproic acid	low	1	0
foscarnet	low	1	0
gabapentin	medium	4	1
indomethacin	low	2	0
2-propanol	low	1	0
propranolol	low	1	0
succinylcholine	low	1	0
prednisolone	low	4	0
prednisone	low	2	0
triamcinolone acetonide	low	1	0
methylprednisolone	low	2	0
pyridostigmine bromide	low	1	0
galantamine	low	1	0
gadolinium	low	2	0
phenyl acetate	medium	2	1
carticaine	low	1	0
timolol	low	1	0
etoposide	low	1	0
levobunolol	low	1	0
propiconazole	low	14	0
cabergoline	low	1	0
oseltamivir	low	1	0
methotrexate	low	1	0
atropine	low	1	0
carboplatin	low	1	0
rocuronium	low	1	0
tretinoin	low	1	0
clindamycin	low	1	0
cannabidiol	low	1	0
ergoline	low	1	0
ro13-9904	low	1	0
acyclovir	low	4	0
sildenafil citrate	low	1	0
eye	low	7	0
gq1b ganglioside	low	1	0

Protein Targets (695)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	8	0	0	8
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	12	0	0	12
GLI family zinc finger 3	12	0	0	12
AR protein	19	0	0	19
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	8	0	0	8
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	13	0	0	13
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	10	0	0	10
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	18	0	0	18
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	9	0	0	9
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	11	0	0	11
activating transcription factor 6	4	0	0	4
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	5	0	0	5
Histone H2A.x	5	0	0	5
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	8	0	0	8
heat shock protein beta-1	6	0	0	6
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	11	0	0	11
lamin isoform A-delta10	16	0	0	16
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	8	0	0	8
Glutamate receptor 2	8	0	0	8
Chain E, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Chain B, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	6	0	0	6
Thymidine kinase	0	1	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	10	0	0	10
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	7	0	0	7
GLS protein	5	0	0	5
TDP1 protein	13	0	0	13
Smad3	2	0	0	2
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	8	0	0	8
EWS/FLI fusion protein	6	0	0	6
arylsulfatase A	6	0	0	6
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	16	0	0	16
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	7	0	0	7
hemoglobin subunit beta	1	0	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor	2	0	0	2
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a	2	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	4	0	6
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	17	0	17
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	17	0	19
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	3	0	4
Bile salt export pump	0	5	0	5
Bile salt export pump	0	21	0	21
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase	0	1	0	1
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic	0	0	0	1
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	0	0	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	7	1	8
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	4	0	4
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17	1	0	0	1
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	4
Thymidine kinase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	2	0	4
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	18	0	19
Thymidine kinase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	6	0	0	6
Luciferase	5	0	0	5
glp-1 receptor, partial	3	0	0	3
ATAD5 protein, partial	4	0	0	4
Fumarate hydratase	1	0	0	1
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	11	0	0	11
progesterone receptor	10	0	0	10
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	17	0	0	17
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	16	0	0	16
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	6	0	0	6
pregnane X nuclear receptor	13	0	0	13
polyprotein	1	0	0	1
67.9K protein	4	0	0	4
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	7	0	0	7
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	8	0	0	8
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
IDH1	6	0	0	6
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	6	0	0	6
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	5	0	0	5
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	2	0	0	2
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	3	0	0	3
chromobox protein homolog 1	9	0	0	9
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	9	0	0	9
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	4	0	0	4
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	8	0	0	8
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	2	0	0	2
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	2	0	0	2
plasminogen precursor	2	0	0	2
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
geminin	10	0	0	10
Vif	0	0	0	1
peripheral myelin protein 22	6	0	0	6
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	4	0	0	4
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1	1	0	0	1
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	3	0	0	3
Interferon beta	9	0	0	9
Cellular tumor antigen p53	12	0	0	12
Integrin beta-3	2	1	0	3
Integrin alpha-IIb	2	1	0	3
Methionine aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Inositol monophosphatase 1	3	0	0	3
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	9	0	0	9
Ataxin-2	10	0	0	10
NFKB1 protein, partial	3	0	0	3
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	7	0	0	7
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	7	0	0	7
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	5	4	10
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	4	3	8
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	6	4	11
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	3	1	4
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	5	3	9
Adenosine receptor A2b	0	0	2	2
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	2	2	4
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	3	4	8
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	2	3	6
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	8	0	0	8
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	5	0	0	5
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	6	0	0	6
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 3	0	0	1	1
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	5	0	0	5
GTP-binding protein (rab7)	0	0	1	1
ras protein, partial	0	0	1	1
interleukin 8	2	0	0	2
hypothetical protein, conserved	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	8	0	0	8
cytochrome P450 2D6	8	0	0	8
glucocerebrosidase	2	0	0	2
Rac1 protein	0	0	1	1
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial	0	0	1	1
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	6	0	0	6
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	5	0	0	5
lethal factor (plasmid)	1	0	0	1
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase	0	2	0	2
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	2	0	3
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	2	0	3
Epidermal growth factor receptor	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	3	0	5
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	4	1	6
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	0	2	0	2
Myeloperoxidase	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	3	0	4
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	0	1	0	1
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	3	0	3
Adenosine receptor A1	0	2	0	2
Substance-P receptor	0	2	0	2
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	5	1	6
Urotensin-2 receptor	0	1	0	1
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	4	1	1	6
Ras-related protein Rab-2A	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	2	5	3	10
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	3	0	3
Rho-associated protein kinase 2	0	2	0	2
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	4	1	5
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	0	1	1
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase beta	2	0	0	2
short transient receptor potential channel 6 isoform 1	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	4	0	4
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	3	2	8
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	2	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	2	1	6
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	3	2	8
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	0	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	3	2	7
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	5	1	6
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	1	0	1
Histamine H2 receptor	4	0	0	5
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	3	0	3
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH	0	1	1	3
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor	0	1	1	2
Potassium channel subfamily K member 3	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 3	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2	0	0	1	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 9	0	1	0	1
acetylcholinesterase	7	0	0	7
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	3	0	0	3
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	5	2	7
Spike glycoprotein	7	0	0	7
Histamine H3 receptor	0	2	0	2
PPM1D protein	2	0	0	2
Acetylcholinesterase	0	3	0	3
L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 1A1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	2	1	3
Cytochrome P450 2C11	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	5	1	6
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	2	1	3
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	3	1	4
Cytochrome P450 2A6	0	2	0	2
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	0	1	0	1
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	1	1	2
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2B6	0	1	1	2
Cytochrome P450 3A5	0	1	0	1
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	2
D(1A) dopamine receptor	0	2	1	3
Cytochrome P450 3A7	0	1	0	1
Caspase-1	0	0	1	2
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	2	1	3
Cannabinoid receptor 2	0	1	1	3
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	2	1	3
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	0	0	2	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	2	1	3
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	2	1	3
Cholinesterase	0	3	0	3
N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 1B1	0	1	0	1
Heat sensitive channel TRPV3	0	1	1	2
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	0	1	1	2
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	0	1	1	2
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	0	1	1	2
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2	0	1	1	2
G-protein coupled receptor 55	0	0	1	1
Diacylglycerol lipase-alpha	0	1	0	1
USP1 protein, partial	5	0	0	5
Vpr	1	0	0	1
Albumin	0	0	1	1
Major prion protein	0	0	1	1
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7	0	1	0	3
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	0	2	0	4
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	4	0	4
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	0	3	0	3
Frizzled-8	0	0	1	1
P2X purinoceptor 4	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	4	0	0	4
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	7	0	0	7
G	6	0	0	6
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	8	0	0	8
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor	2	0	0	2
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	5	0	0	5
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	6	0	0	6
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	6	0	0	6
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	6	0	0	6
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	1	0	0	1
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	2	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	0	1	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	1	0	1
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Cruzipain	3	0	0	3
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	7	0	0	7
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	1	3	5
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	0	1	1
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	3	0	0	3
Membrane primary amine oxidase	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 3	0	2	0	2
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	4	1	5
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	1	1	2
D	0	1	0	1
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	10	2	13
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	2	1	3
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	2	1	3
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	3	1	4
D(1B) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	0	8	0	8
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	0	0	1
D(4) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	4	2	6
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	0	0	1
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	0	0	1
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Nischarin	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	1
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	2	0	2
Nischarin	0	1	0	1
SMAD family member 2	4	0	0	4
SMAD family member 3	4	0	0	4
LMP1 [Human herpesvirus 4]	0	0	0	1
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	4	0	0	4
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]	0	2	0	2
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]	0	2	0	2
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a	0	2	0	2
Prothrombin	0	0	0	1
Regulatory protein E2	0	0	1	1
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	6	0	8
DNA topoisomerase 1	0	1	0	2
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	0	1	1	7
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	1	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 2	0	0	0	1
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	0	0	1
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	0	0	1
Caspase-3	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	0	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	0	0	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 2-beta	0	1	1	8
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	0	0	1
Tubulin beta-2B chain	0	1	0	1
Integrase	0	1	0	1
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1	0	1	0	1
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	4	0	5
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	0	0	1
Chain A, probable fosfomycin resistance protein	0	0	1	1
Chain B, probable fosfomycin resistance protein	0	0	1	1
DNA polymerase catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	1	0	2
DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	1	0	2
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	3	0	0	3
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Cholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Acetylcholinesterase	0	3	1	5
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3	0	1	0	1
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Prolyl endopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 3	0	1	0	1
Carboxylic ester hydrolase	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	0	0	1	1
Hsf1 protein	0	0	1	1
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	4	0	0	4
D(1A) dopamine receptor	3	0	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	0	2	0	2
Histone deacetylase 3	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	2	4	3	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	2	4	2	8
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1	0	0	2	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	2	4	2	8
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	2	1	3
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	2	1	3
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	2	1	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	1	1	2
Histone deacetylase 4	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	2	4	2	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	2	4	3	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	0	2	0	2
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	4	0	0	4
Histone deacetylase 1	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	2	1	3
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1	0	0	1	1
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	0	1	1	2
Histone deacetylase 7	0	3	0	3
GABA theta subunit	2	4	2	8
Histone deacetylase 2	0	3	0	3
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC10	0	3	0	3
Histone deacetylase 11	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	0	2	0	2
Histone deacetylase 8	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	2	4	2	8
Platelet glycoprotein VI	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	0	1	1	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	0	1	1	2
Histone deacetylase 6	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1	0	0	1	1
Histone deacetylase 9	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	0	2	0	2
Histone deacetylase 5	0	3	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-2	0	1	0	1
Microtubule-associated protein tau	4	0	0	4
Parkin	2	0	0	2
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	2	0	0	2
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
ras-related protein Rab-9A	1	0	0	1
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	7	0	0	7
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	4	0	0	4
Prostaglandin E synthase	0	1	0	1
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2	0	1	0	1
Phospholipase A2, major isoenzyme	0	1	0	1
Albumin	0	1	2	3
Procathepsin L	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	0	1
Interleukin-8	0	1	0	1
Androgen receptor	0	2	1	3
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	0	1	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	0	1	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	1	0	1
Thromboxane-A synthase	0	1	0	1
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	0	2	0	2
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	0	1	0	1
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1	0	1	0	2
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	0	2	0	2
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2	0	1	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	2	0	0	2
Prostaglandin D2 receptor	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	1	0	2
Lactoylglutathione lyase	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	2
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	0	0	1
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 9	0	1	0	1
P2Y purinoceptor 12	0	1	0	1
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 2	0	1	1	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	2	0	2
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	6	1	7
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	6	1	7
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor	0	6	1	7
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	4	0	4
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
acid sphingomyelinase	1	0	0	1
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
ClpP	1	0	0	1
15-lipoxygenase, partial	1	0	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
alpha-galactosidase	2	0	0	2
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12	1	0	0	1
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
flap endonuclease 1	2	0	0	2
snurportin-1	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	1	0	0	1
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	1	0	0	1
Toll-like receptor 4	0	1	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	1	0	2
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	2
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1	0	0	1	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	1	0	2
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	2	4
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor beta	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor alpha	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	2
Histidine decarboxylase	0	1	0	1
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2	0	0	1	1
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC	0	2	0	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Reduced folate transporter	0	2	0	2
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating	0	1	0	1
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Pteridine reductase 1	0	1	0	1
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	1	0	2
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11	0	0	0	1
Proton-coupled folate transporter	0	1	0	1
Multidrug resistance associated protein	0	1	0	2
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	0	0	1
nonstructural protein 1	3	0	0	3
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	8	2	15
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	8	0	8
Androgen receptor	0	3	0	3
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	8	0	8
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	8	0	8
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	8	0	8
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	1	0	1
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Sialidase	0	1	0	1
Acyl-CoA desaturase 1	0	1	0	1
Liver carboxylesterase 1	0	1	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	2	0	2
Neuraminidase	0	1	0	1
Neuraminidase	0	1	0	1
Sialidase-4	0	1	0	1
Sialidase-1	0	1	0	1
Sialidase-3	0	1	0	1
Sialidase-2	0	1	0	1
endonuclease IV	2	0	0	2
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	2	0	2
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
luciferase	0	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	2	0	2
Progesterone receptor	0	2	0	3
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	1	1	2
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	0	1	1
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	1	0	1
Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	2	1	3
Glutamine synthetase	0	0	1	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	0	1	1
Nociceptin receptor	0	0	1	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	2	0	2
pregnane X receptor	4	0	0	4
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2	0	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	1	0	0	1
heat shock protein 90, putative	0	0	0	1
Adenosine receptor A3	0	3	1	4
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	3
Cytochrome P450 2C8	0	1	0	1
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	1	2
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	3	1	5
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Endothelin-1 receptor	0	1	1	2
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	0	2	1	3
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	2	1	3
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	1	1	2
Neuromedin-K receptor	0	0	1	1
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	0	1	1	2
Cholecystokinin receptor type A	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	1	1	2
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Vasopressin V1a receptor	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	0	2	1	3
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter	0	1	0	1
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	1	2	4
Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 1	0	0	2	2
Histamine H4 receptor	0	1	0	1
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	2	0	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	0	0	1
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Nuclear Receptor ROR-beta	0	1	0	1
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
caspase-3	1	0	0	1
Ornithine decarboxylase	0	0	0	1
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	1	0	1
Ornithine decarboxylase	0	0	0	1
60 kDa chaperonin	0	1	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor alpha	0	2	2	7
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor beta	0	2	2	7
Retinoic acid receptor alpha	0	1	2	3
Retinoic acid receptor gamma	0	2	2	7
Retinoic acid receptor gamma	0	1	2	3
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	2	2	4
Retinoic acid receptor beta	0	1	2	3
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2	0	0	1	1
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	0	1	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	1	2	3
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta	0	2	2	4
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta	0	1	2	3
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma	0	1	2	3
Nuclear receptor ROR-alpha	0	1	0	1
Alpha-synuclein	0	1	0	1
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1	0	1	0	2
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma	0	2	2	4
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1	0	0	1	1
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	0	2	1	3
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase	0	1	0	1
60 kDa chaperonin	0	1	0	1
10 kDa chaperonin	0	1	0	1
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2	0	1	0	1
Nuclear receptor ROR-beta	0	1	0	1
Cocaine esterase	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9	0	0	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Tissue factor	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6	0	0	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B7	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(11)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (64)

Protein Targets (695)

Cranial Nerve IV Diseases

Synonyms(11)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (64)

Drugs Studied (47)

Protein Targets (695)