Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Bow Leg

An outward slant of the thigh in which the knees are wide apart and the ankles close together. Genu varum can develop due to skeletal and joint dysplasia (e.g., OSTEOARTHRITIS; Blount's disease); and malnutrition (e.g., RICKETS; FLUORIDE POISONING).

Synonyms(3)

Synonym
Bow Leg
Genu Varus
Genu Varum

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"In conclusion, genu varum is associated with the alkaline phosphatase level regardless of the presence of radiographic abnormalities in the growth plate in children."( Ishijima, M; Kamata, K; Kaneko, H; Kaneko, K; Kim, SG; Kinoshita, M; Liu, L; Nozawa, M; Sakamoto, Y; Shimizu, T; Suzuki, M; Tokita, A, 2018)
"All the bow legs is not always rickets in pediatric practice."( Jameel, PZ; Madirala, S; Murhekar, S; Reddy, P; Vagha, J; Vagha, K; Varma, A, 2022)

Research

Studies (32)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199014 (43.75)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's14 (43.75)28.8240
2020's4 (12.50)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
methane0low10
niacin0low10
titanium0low10
tricalcium phosphate0medium11
fomesafen0low10
cholecalciferol0low10
phosphorus0low10

Protein Targets (157)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, Vitamin D Nuclear Receptor0011
Chain A, Beta-lactamase1001
Chain A, Ferritin light chain3003
Vitamin D3 receptor0011
USP1 protein, partial2002
PPM1D protein1001
Microtubule-associated protein tau3003
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 23003
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 12002
geminin3003
peripheral myelin protein 221001
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30202
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40202
Bile salt export pump0202
Interferon beta1001
Vitamin D-binding protein0011
Cytochrome P450 1A20001
Cytochrome P450 3A40203
Androgen receptor0101
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Vitamin D3 receptor0238
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0214
Vitamin D3 receptor0113
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0011
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0011
Vitamin D3 receptor0022
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial0011
Vitamin D3 receptor0112
Transporter0101
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10202
Vitamin D3 receptor A0022
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
Chain A, Cruzipain2002
Luciferase3003
interleukin 81001
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
AR protein3003
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A13003
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]2002
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha3003
farnesoid X nuclear receptor2002
pregnane X nuclear receptor3003
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha4004
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma3003
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor4004
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 13003
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 11001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi1001
Cellular tumor antigen p532002
60 kDa chaperonin0101
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-21001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-51001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-31001
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-21001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-41001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-61001
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-21001
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0101
60 kDa chaperonin 0101
10 kDa chaperonin 0101
GABA theta subunit1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit2002
progesterone receptor1001
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha3003
Histone H2A.x1001
thioredoxin reductase1001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma2002
ATAD5 protein, partial1001
TDP1 protein1001
GLI family zinc finger 31001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 31001
regulator of G-protein signaling 41001
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 12002
67.9K protein1001
Parkin1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
activating transcription factor 61001
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a2002
Caspase-71001
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 11001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d1001
caspase-31001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 21001
heat shock protein beta-11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit1001
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
Adenosine receptor A30202
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
Retinoic acid receptor gamma0101
Glutamate receptor 21001
Retinoic acid receptor beta0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
Olfactory receptor 51E20101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE1001
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
glp-1 receptor, partial1001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)1001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
Polyphenol oxidase 20101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
D-amino-acid oxidase0101
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 30011
Nicotinamidase0101
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 20011
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 20213
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
D-aspartate oxidase0101
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 20112
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase1001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]