Alexia Syndrome Without Agraphia

Loss of the power to comprehend written materials despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to lesions that disconnect the visual cortex of the non-dominant hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483)

Synonym
Pure Alexia Without Agraphia
Pure Word Blindness
Alexia Syndrome Without Agraphia
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia, Pure
Visual Verbal Agnosia
Pure Alexia

Excerpt	Reference
"Pure alexia, or alexia without agraphia, is usually caused by disconnection between the gyrus angularis and visual areas of both hemispheres."	( Cobo, J; Corral, I; García, AM; Quereda, C, 2006)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	23.3326
1990's	0 (0.00)	12.5806
2000's	6 (75.00)	18.1394
2010's	2 (25.00)	28.8240
2020's	0 (0.00)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies
cytosine	low	1
albendazole	low	1
deferoxamine	low	1
donepezil	low	1
prednisolone	low	1
methylprednisolone	low	1
cidofovir anhydrous	low	1
fluorodeoxyglucose f18	low	2
methotrexate	low	1
organophosphonates	low	1
technetium tc 99m exametazime	low	1
piperidines	low	1

Protein Targets (256)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	1	0	0	1
Luciferase	1	0	0	1
glp-1 receptor, partial	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	3	0	0	3
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	3	0	0	3
ATAD5 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
Fumarate hydratase	1	0	0	1
TDP1 protein	4	0	0	4
GLI family zinc finger 3	4	0	0	4
AR protein	4	0	0	4
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	2	0	0	2
progesterone receptor	4	0	0	4
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	3	0	0	3
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	2	0	0	2
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	3	0	0	3
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	4	0	0	4
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	2	0	0	2
pregnane X nuclear receptor	3	0	0	3
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	5	0	0	5
polyprotein	1	0	0	1
67.9K protein	3	0	0	3
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	2	0	0	2
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	2	0	0	2
caspase-3	1	0	0	1
IDH1	5	0	0	5
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	3	0	0	3
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	3	0	0	3
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	3	0	0	3
Histone H2A.x	2	0	0	2
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	2	0	0	2
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	2	0	0	2
chromobox protein homolog 1	2	0	0	2
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	5	0	0	5
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	2	0	0	2
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	2	0	0	2
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
heat shock protein beta-1	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	1	0	0	1
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	2	0	0	2
plasminogen precursor	2	0	0	2
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
geminin	6	0	0	6
Vif	0	0	0	1
peripheral myelin protein 22	3	0	0	3
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	2	0	0	2
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1	1	0	0	1
lamin isoform A-delta10	2	0	0	2
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	1	0	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	6	0	6
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	6	0	7
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	3	0	0	3
Bile salt export pump	0	6	0	6
Interferon beta	3	0	0	3
Cellular tumor antigen p53	3	0	0	3
Integrin beta-3	2	0	0	2
Integrin alpha-IIb	2	0	0	2
Methionine aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor 2	3	0	0	3
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Inositol monophosphatase 1	1	0	0	1
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	6	0	6
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	4	0	0	4
Ataxin-2	4	0	0	4
Thymidine kinase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	0	0	1
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase	0	0	1	1
Thymidine kinase	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	3
Deoxycytidine kinase	0	0	0	1
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	2	0	0	2
Lysine-specific demethylase 4A	0	1	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	1	0	0	1
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha	0	0	1	1
Methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2	0	1	0	1
Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	0	1	0	1
Bile salt export pump	0	2	0	2
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	1	0	1
Cholinesterase	0	2	0	2
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	2	4
Liver carboxylesterase 1	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	1	0	1
Choline O-acetyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta	0	1	0	1
Beta-secretase 1	0	1	0	1
Cholinesterase	0	2	0	2
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	0	1	0	1
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholine receptor subunit epsilon	0	1	0	1
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D	0	1	0	1
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 1B1	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Carboxylic ester hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Carboxylic ester hydrolase	0	2	0	2
Histamine H3 receptor	0	1	0	1
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	1	0	0	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	1	0	0	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	1	0	0	1
Chain B, HADH2 protein	1	0	0	1
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	1	0	0	1
acid sphingomyelinase	1	0	0	1
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	1	0	0	1
ClpP	1	0	0	1
15-lipoxygenase, partial	1	0	0	1
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	1	0	0	1
USP1 protein, partial	1	0	0	1
Microtubule-associated protein tau	1	0	0	1
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	1	0	0	1
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	1	0	0	1
EWS/FLI fusion protein	1	0	0	1
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1	0	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
alpha-galactosidase	1	0	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	1	0	0	1
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12	1	0	0	1
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	1	0	0	1
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase beta	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]	0	1	0	1
flap endonuclease 1	1	0	0	1
snurportin-1	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	1	0	0	1
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	1	0	0	1
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	1	0	0	1
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	1	0	0	1
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a	0	1	0	1
Toll-like receptor 4	0	1	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	1	0	2
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1	0	0	1	1
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	0	1	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	1	0	2
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	2	4
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor beta	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor alpha	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	2
Histidine decarboxylase	0	1	0	1
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2	0	0	1	1
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC	0	2	0	2
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1	0	0	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Reduced folate transporter	0	2	0	2
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating	0	1	0	1
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
Spike glycoprotein	1	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	0	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Pteridine reductase 1	0	1	0	1
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	3
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	1	0	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	1	0	2
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11	0	0	0	1
Proton-coupled folate transporter	0	1	0	1
Multidrug resistance associated protein	0	1	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	0	0	0	1
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	1	0	1
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	0	0	1
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	2	0	0	2
acetylcholinesterase	1	0	0	1
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	1	0	0	1
nonstructural protein 1	1	0	0	1
G	1	0	0	1
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	1	0	0	1
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	1	0	0	1
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	4	1	10
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	4	0	4
Androgen receptor	0	3	0	3
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	4	0	4
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	4	0	4
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	4	0	4
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	1	0	0	1
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	1	0	0	1
luciferase	0	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	1	0	0	1
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	2	0	2
Progesterone receptor	0	2	0	3
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	1	1	2
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	0	1	1
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	1	0	1
Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	2	1	3
Androgen receptor	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	1	0	1
Glutamine synthetase	0	0	1	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	0	1	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Nociceptin receptor	0	0	1	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	2	0	2
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Alexia Syndrome Without Agraphia

Synonyms(7)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (8)

Protein Targets (256)

Alexia Syndrome Without Agraphia

Synonyms(7)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (8)

Drugs Studied (12)

Protein Targets (256)