Compounds > talaporfin
Page last updated: 2024-12-11

talaporfin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Talaporfin: effective tumor localizer that brings about the selective degradation of tumor tissue following light exposure; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5486799
CHEMBL ID2111186
CHEBI ID135875
SCHEMBL ID7828
SCHEMBL ID7827
SCHEMBL ID9899734
MeSH IDM0151405

Synonyms (19)

Synonym
talaporfin
CHEBI:135875
(2s)-2-[[2-[(2s,3s)-7-carboxy-3-(2-carboxyethyl)-17-ethenyl-12-ethyl-2,8,13,18-tetramethyl-2,3,23,24-tetrahydroporphyrin-5-yl]acetyl]amino]butanedioic acid
110230-98-3
l-aspartic acid, n-(((7s,8s)-3-carboxy-7-(2-carboxyethyl)-13-ethenyl-18-ethyl-7,8-dihydro-2,8,12,17-tetramethyl-21h,23h-porphin-5-yl)acetyl)-
talaporfin [mi]
(2s)-2-((((7s,8s)-3-carboxylato-7-(2-carboxylatoethyl)-13-ethenyl-18-ethyl-2,8,12,17-tetramethyl-7,8-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl)acetyl)amino)butanedioic acid
talaporfin [who-dd]
SCHEMBL7828
SCHEMBL7827
CHEMBL2111186
SCHEMBL9899734
DB11812
110230-98-3 (free acid)
(3-((1r,4r,5z,9z,10z,14z,16z,19z)-18-carboxy-20-(carboxymethyl)-13-ethyl-3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-8-vinyl-1h,2h,3h,4h-porphyrin-2-yl)propanoyl)-l-aspartic acid
talaporfin free acid
NCGC00507698-01
DTXSID101318471
AKOS040754137

Research Excerpts

Overview

Talaporfin sodium (TS) is an authorized photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against some tumors in Japan. The drawbacks of the drug include its high cost and side effects.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Talaporfin sodium (TS) is an authorized photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against some tumors in Japan; however, the drawbacks of the drug include its high cost and side effects. "( Synergistic effect of dichloroacetate on talaporfin sodium-based photodynamic therapy on U251 human astrocytoma cells.
Akimoto, J; Aoki, K; Fujiwara, Y; Seki, K; Shinkai, A; Shinoda, Y; Takahashi, T; Tsuneoka, Y, 2020)		2.27
"Talaporfin sodium is a light-activated drug that causes tissue death through induction of apoptosis. "( Talaporfin sodium.
Bromley, E; Chen, JC; Keltner, L; Wang, S; Xu, L, 2010)		3.25
"Talaporfin sodium is a water soluble photosensitizer in commercial use and clinical development that is cleared from the body relatively rapidly."( Characterization of cutaneous photosensitivity in healthy volunteers receiving talaporfin sodium.
Briggs, B; Bromley, E; Keltner, L; Wang, SS, 2011)		1.32
"Talaporfin sodium is a rapidly cleared photosensitizer that is expected to have less phototoxicity."( Phase I study of photodynamic therapy using talaporfin sodium and diode laser for local failure after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer.
Ezoe, Y; Higashino, K; Iishi, H; Muto, M; Niimi, M; Nishisaki, H; Yamamoto, Y; Yano, T; Yoda, Y; Yoshimura, K, 2012)		1.36

Effects

Talaporfin sodium has a broad safety profile and a mode of action that could affect growth in treated and untreated tumors. It has an advantage with regard to early elimination from the body compared with porfimer sodium.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Talaporfin sodium has an advantage with regard to early elimination from the body compared with porfimer sodium."( The effect of photodynamic therapy with talaporfin sodium, a second-generation photosensitizer, on oral squamous cell carcinoma: A series of eight cases.
Asahina, I; Egashira, K; Ikeda, H; Ohba, S, 2018)		1.47
"Talaporfin sodium has a broad safety profile and a mode of action that could affect growth in treated and untreated tumors."( Talaporfin sodium.
Bromley, E; Chen, JC; Keltner, L; Wang, S; Xu, L, 2010)		3.25
"Talaporfin sodium has an advantage with regard to early elimination from the body compared with porfimer sodium."( The effect of photodynamic therapy with talaporfin sodium, a second-generation photosensitizer, on oral squamous cell carcinoma: A series of eight cases.
Asahina, I; Egashira, K; Ikeda, H; Ohba, S, 2018)		1.47
"Talaporfin sodium has a broad safety profile and a mode of action that could affect growth in treated and untreated tumors."( Talaporfin sodium.
Bromley, E; Chen, JC; Keltner, L; Wang, S; Xu, L, 2010)		3.25

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Patients were assessed for adverse events and tumor response using physical examination, laboratory values, and CT scan evaluation over a period of 60 days."( A Phase II safety and effect on time to tumor progression study of intratumoral light infusion technology using talaporfin sodium in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Cuenca, R; Hsi, RA; Katicić, M; Kujundzić, M; Lustig, RA; Roh, M; Rustemović, N; Stimac, D; Vogl, TJ; Wang, S, 2007)		0.55
"The observed occurrence of Litx treatment-related adverse events was minimal and cumulative toxicity did not occur when combined with chemotherapy."( A Phase II safety and effect on time to tumor progression study of intratumoral light infusion technology using talaporfin sodium in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Cuenca, R; Hsi, RA; Katicić, M; Kujundzić, M; Lustig, RA; Roh, M; Rustemović, N; Stimac, D; Vogl, TJ; Wang, S, 2007)		0.55
"The Litx system was shown to be safe for treating liver metastases from colorectal cancer and there was no cumulative toxicity when combined with standard systemic therapy."( A Phase II safety and effect on time to tumor progression study of intratumoral light infusion technology using talaporfin sodium in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Cuenca, R; Hsi, RA; Katicić, M; Kujundzić, M; Lustig, RA; Roh, M; Rustemović, N; Stimac, D; Vogl, TJ; Wang, S, 2007)		0.55
" No adverse events directly attributable to PDT occurred in any patients."( Preliminary clinical report on safety and efficacy of photodynamic therapy using talaporfin sodium for malignant gliomas.
Aizawa, K; Akimoto, J; Haraoka, J, 2012)		0.61
" The local complete response rates and adverse events were compared between patients with cervical and non-cervical lesions and those with lesions larger and smaller than 3 cm."( Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of salvage photodynamic therapy by talaporfin sodium for cervical esophageal cancers and lesions larger than 3 cm.
Asahina, Y; Hayashi, T; Kaneko, S; Kitamura, K; Mizukoshi, E; Nakanishi, H; Ninomiya, I; Okamoto, K; Takatori, H; Terashima, T; Yamada, S, 2021)		0.85
" There were no severe adverse events except for one patient; this patient showed grade 3 esophageal stenosis and perforation after the third tPDT on the same lesion that was previously treated with porfimer sodium photodynamic therapy four times."( Repeated talaporfin sodium photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer: safety and efficacy.
Amanuma, Y; Higuchi, H; Hirohashi, K; Horimatsu, T; Mitani, Y; Muto, M; Ohashi, S; Tamaoki, M; Yokoyama, A; Yoshioka, M, 2021)		1.04
"Repeated tPDT could be an effective and safe treatment for local failure even after salvage tPDT for esophageal cancer."( Repeated talaporfin sodium photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer: safety and efficacy.
Amanuma, Y; Higuchi, H; Hirohashi, K; Horimatsu, T; Mitani, Y; Muto, M; Ohashi, S; Tamaoki, M; Yokoyama, A; Yoshioka, M, 2021)		1.04
"Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with Talaporfin sodium (Talaporfin) is an effective and safe treatment for central-type early-stage lung cancer (CELC) that is associated with less skin photosensitivity."( Photodynamic therapy can be safely performed with Talaporfin sodium as a day treatment for central-type early-stage lung cancer.
Imabayashi, T; Matsumoto, Y; Sasada, S; Tsuchida, T; Uchimura, K, 2022)		1.26
"We retrospectively investigated the occurrence of adverse events among consecutive patients who received PDT for CELC in a day treatment setting in the Respiratory Endoscopy Division of our institution between January 2010 and February 2020."( Photodynamic therapy can be safely performed with Talaporfin sodium as a day treatment for central-type early-stage lung cancer.
Imabayashi, T; Matsumoto, Y; Sasada, S; Tsuchida, T; Uchimura, K, 2022)		0.97
" No severe adverse events after treatment were observed among the remaining 11 patients (15 treatments)."( Photodynamic therapy can be safely performed with Talaporfin sodium as a day treatment for central-type early-stage lung cancer.
Imabayashi, T; Matsumoto, Y; Sasada, S; Tsuchida, T; Uchimura, K, 2022)		0.97

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"This open label phase I clinical trial at the University of California, Davis Medical Center examined the pharmacokinetic properties of Npe6 and clinical response to PDT with this photosensitizer."( Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) photodynamic therapy in adult patients with primary or secondary cancer of the skin and mucosal surfaces.
Albertson, T; Allen, R; Chan, AL; Juarez, M; Volz, W, 2005)		0.33

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Here we clarified the types of cell death induced by PDT in combination with the photosensitizer talaporfin sodium (mono-L-aspartyl chlorine e6, NPe6) in order to evaluate the potential of this therapy as a treatment for glioma."( Photodynamic therapy in combination with talaporfin sodium induces mitochondrial apoptotic cell death accompanied with necrosis in glioma cells.
Akimoto, J; Beppu, M; Haraoka, J; Hirano, K; Homma, T; Miki, Y; Tsutsumi, M; Yokoyama, S, 2013)		0.87

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Phototoxicity dose-response curves of the sensitizers were completed using a standard clonogenic assay to determine cell viability."( In vitro characterization of monoaspartyl chlorin e6 and diaspartyl chlorin e6 for photodynamic therapy.
Berns, MW; Nelson, JS; Roberts, WG; Shiau, FY; Smith, KM, 1988)		0.27
"05) for HpD and separately for NPe6, a consistent dose-response relationship was not observed for either."( Mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) and hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) in photodynamic therapy administered to a human cholangiocarcinoma model.
Wang, KK; Wong Kee Song, LM; Zinsmeister, AR, 1998)		0.3
" Although pharmacokinetic studies revealed that >99% of NPe6 was lost from the circulation, it appears that a fractionated dosage protocol can promote photodamage to neoplastic tissue in vivo."( Effects of photodynamic therapy using a fractionated dosing of mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 in a murine tumor.
Fromm, D; Kessel, D; Leeson, B; Webber, J, 2005)		0.33
" Photosensitivity resolved within 1 week of NPe6 dosing in 12 of 14 patients."( Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) photodynamic therapy in adult patients with primary or secondary cancer of the skin and mucosal surfaces.
Albertson, T; Allen, R; Chan, AL; Juarez, M; Volz, W, 2005)		0.33
" This study was designed to determine if the addition of NS-398 to NPe6-induced PDT in single or fractionated dosing would result in greater tumor kill."( Killing tumor cells: the effect of photodynamic therapy using mono-L-aspartyl chlorine and NS-398.
Fromm, D; Harvey, EH; Kessel, D; Webber, J, 2005)		0.33
"Fractionated dosing of NPe6 demonstrated the best tumor kill."( Killing tumor cells: the effect of photodynamic therapy using mono-L-aspartyl chlorine and NS-398.
Fromm, D; Harvey, EH; Kessel, D; Webber, J, 2005)		0.33
" We employed a dose-response experimental design to evaluate the efficacy of NPe6-mediated PDT."( Preclinical in vivo evaluation of NPe6-mediated photodynamic therapy on normal vasculature.
Arora, RP; Choi, B; Kelly, KM; Lertsakdadet, BS; Moy, WJ; Nielsen, KM; Patel, SJ, 2012)		0.38
" Dose-response analysis enabled identification of 85 J/cm(2) as a characteristic radiant exposure required to achieve persistent vascular shutdown at Day 7 following PDT."( Preclinical in vivo evaluation of NPe6-mediated photodynamic therapy on normal vasculature.
Arora, RP; Choi, B; Kelly, KM; Lertsakdadet, BS; Moy, WJ; Nielsen, KM; Patel, SJ, 2012)		0.38
" Here, we investigated the relationship between type of cell death and PDT treatment conditions involved in laser and photosensitizer dosage in human glioblastoma T98G cells."( Effect of talaporfin sodium-mediated photodynamic therapy on cell death modalities in human glioblastoma T98G cells.
Akimoto, J; Fujiwara, Y; Hiranuma, M; Miki, Y, 2014)		0.8
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (1)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency39.81070.009610.525035.4813AID1479145
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Ceullar Components (1)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
virion membraneSpike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (20)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1704387Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for cytotoxicity against human A549 cells in dark condition to IC50 for cytotoxicity against human A549 cells incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 24 hrs
AID1758465Phototoxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability irradiated 10 j/cm2 for 24 hrs followed by incubated for 24 hrs by CCK8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704392Phototoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 24 hrs hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1758462Dark toxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated under dark for 48 hrs measured after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704388Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1704391Cytotoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1704385Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1704393Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells in dark condition to IC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 2
AID1758475Induction of reactive oxygen species generation in human A549 cells assessed as mean count value at 0.05 uM incubated for 24 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence microscopy assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1758461Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC1 using Ac-Leu-Gly-Lys(Ac)-AMC as substrate by measuring fluorescence intensity incubated for 30 mins by microplate reader assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704409Antitumor activity against mouse B16-F10 cells xenografted in C57BL/6 mouse assessed as reduction in tumor volume at 2 mg/kg, iv irradiated with 90 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light after 45 mins of compound administration for 6 mins and measured upto 24
AID1758474Induction of reactive oxygen species generation in human A549 cells assessed as mean count value at 0.01 uM incubated for 24 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence microscopy assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704386Phototoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 24 hrs hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1704390Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells in dark condition to IC50 for cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 24 hrs
AID1704413Induction of ROS generation in mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as increase in ROS production at 3 uM preincubated for 24 hrs in dark followed by DCFH-DA addition further incubated for 1 hr and irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured
AID1758464Dark toxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated under dark for 48 hrs measured after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1758463Phototoxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability irradiated 10 j/cm2 for 24 hrs followed by incubated for 24 hrs by CCK8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704389Phototoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs followed by irradiated with 10 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light and measured after 24 hrs hrs by CCK-8 assay
AID1758483Induction of autophagy in human A549 cells irradiated 10 j/cm2 at 0.1 uM after 24 hrs using fluorescent molecule DAPRed2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 217Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
AID1704412Toxicity in C57BL/6 mouse xenografted with mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as mouse survival days at 2 mg/kg, iv irradiated with 90 J/cm2 660 nanometer visible light after 45 mins of compound administration for 6 mins and measured upto 24 days
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (166)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19906 (3.61)18.7374
1990's22 (13.25)18.2507
2000's48 (28.92)29.6817
2010's77 (46.39)24.3611
2020's13 (7.83)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 31.79

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index31.79 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.27 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.14 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index34.32 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (31.79)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials10 (5.46%)5.53%
Reviews7 (3.83%)6.00%
Case Studies4 (2.19%)4.05%
Observational1 (0.55%)0.25%
Other161 (87.98%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (13)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Using the Litx™ BPH System in Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Who Are Candidates for Interventional Therapy [NCT00709488]Phase 112 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-06-30Completed
A Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Using the Litx™ BPH System in Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Who Are Candidates for Interventional Therapy [NCT00918034]Phase 221 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-05-31Completed
A Multicenter Multinational Phase 3 Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Treating Colorectal Cancer Patients With Recurrent Liver Metastases Using the Litx™ System Plus Chemotherapy as Compared to Chemotherapy Only [NCT00440310]Phase 3483 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-02-28Completed
A Multicenter Phase I Safety and Tolerability Study of the Oncolux System for Intratumoral Delivery of Non-Coherent Light for the Photoactivation of LS 11 in Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors [NCT00028405]Phase 148 participants Interventional2001-11-30Completed
Safety and Effectiveness of Treating Cancers With the Litx™ System and Chemotherapy. Section A: Phase II Safety and Effectiveness Study in Patients With Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer [NCT00083785]Phase 225 participants Interventional2004-05-31Completed
A Phase 1/2 Open-Label Study to Evaluate Safety and Preliminary Evidence of Effectiveness of Tumor Ablation With Talaporfin Sodium (LS11) and Interstitial Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in the Treatment of Subjects With Inoperable Hepatocellular Carcinoma ( [NCT00122876]Phase 1/Phase 225 participants Interventional2005-04-30Completed
Phase I Clinical Study of the Safety of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Using Intratumoral Delivery of Non-coherent Light for Photoactivation of LS11 in Children With Plexiform Neurofibromas [NCT00716469]Phase 17 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-07-31Terminated(stopped due to The study is terminated due to expiration of study materials.)
Phase 1 Dose Ranging Study to Evaluate Safety and Tolerability of Talaporfin Sodium (LS11) Photodynamic Therapy in Subjects With Advanced Age-Related Macular Disease [NCT00102115]Phase 127 participants Interventional2004-12-31Terminated
A Phase 2 Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Study of MR901 in Patients With Moderate to Severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) [NCT02326454]Phase 2225 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-30Completed
A Phase IIa Safety and Light Dose-escalation Study in Patients With Primary or Recurrent/High-grade Glioma (Defined for the Purposes of the Protocol as Anaplastic Astrocytoma [AA] or Glioblastoma Multiforme [GBM]) Using the Litx™ System to Confirm the Zon [NCT00409214]Phase 218 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2006-11-30Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Treating Refractory Cancers With the Litx™ System: Phase II Safety and Efficacy Study in Patients With Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer That Have Failed Chemotherapy [NCT00068068]Phase 225 participants Interventional2003-10-31Completed
Novel Treatment for Port Wine Stain Birthmarks [NCT01924273]Phase 17 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-06-30Completed
A Phase 3 Randomized Study to Evaluate Survival of Patients Treated With Talaporfin Sodium (LS11) and Interstitial Light Emitting Diodes (LED) as Compared to the Standard of Care Therapies in the Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) [NCT00355355]Phase 3208 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00440310 (1) [back to overview]Overall Survival

Overall Survival

Time from randomization to death (NCT00440310)
Timeframe: Up to 184 weeks

InterventionDays (Median)
Litx + Chemotherapy390
Chemotherapy Alone405

[back to top]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.		9.04404-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
aa 861
2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.		2.02101,4-benzoquinones;
acetylenic compound;
primary alcohol		EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		2.0310acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.0810nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
ha14-1
ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate: a BH3 mimetic; synergistic induction of apoptosis by simultaneous disruption of the Bcl-2 and MEK/MAPK pathways in acute myelogenous leukemia		2.02101-benzopyran
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		1.9810C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide
N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.		2.0210aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
protoporphyrin ix
protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.		7.2510
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		2.3110dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
temozolomide
[no description available]		7.110imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		1.9810aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
methylene blue
Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.		2.1110organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		2.0610amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		2.4320antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
mannitol
[no description available]		1.9810mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
xanthenes
Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.		2.4820xanthene
thiazoles
[no description available]		2.04101,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.		2.8840
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		2.5220pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
paraquat
Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.		1.9810organic cationgeroprotector;
herbicide
mannose
mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.		7.1510D-aldohexose;
D-mannose;
mannopyranose		metabolite
1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene
[no description available]		2.0210
mercury
Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.		1.9910elemental mercury;
zinc group element atom		neurotoxin
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.		2.2510copper group element atom;
elemental gold
xenon
Xenon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.		1.9910monoatomic xenon;
noble gas atom;
p-block element atom
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.		1.9810dihydrogen
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		1.9810pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
nimustine
Nimustine: Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.. nimustine : An organochlorine compound that is urea in which the two hydrogens on one of the amino groups are replaced by nitroso and 2-chloroethyl groups and one hydrogen from the other amino group is replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-ylmethyl] group. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.		2.2110aminopyrimidine;
N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		2.5220organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
temoporfin
temoporfin: used as PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY		3.8230
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.0410organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
chlorin
chlorin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chlorin : A tetrapyrrole fundamental parent that is obtained by formal hydrogenation across the 2,3-double bond of porphyrin.		2.9740
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.		2.0610epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor
singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.		7.4420chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
sb 203580
[no description available]		2.0310imidazoles;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
pheophorbide a
pheophorbide a: split product of chlorophyll obtained by saponification of pheophytin		7.1110
wortmannin
[no description available]		2.4720acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
zn(ii)-phthalocyanine
[no description available]		1.9810metallophthalocyanine;
zinc tetrapyrrole		fluorochrome
zinc protoporphyrin ix
[no description available]		2.1710
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		2.0210dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
diphenylhexatriene
Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.		2.0610alkatrienefluorochrome
phytochlorin
phytochlorin: RN given refers to (2S-trans)-isomer; structure given in the first source		2.9940
benzoporphyrin d
benzoporphyrin D: C42H44N4O8, MW 732.821		2.4120
bacteriochlorophylls
Bacteriochlorophylls: Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.		2.0710
tanespimycin
CP 127374: analog of herbimycin A		2.03101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
u 18666a
3-beta-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one: inhibits cycloartenol synthase. 3beta-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of 3beta-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. It is a cholesterol synthesis and transport inhibitor.		2.0610hydrochlorideantiviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.72 (Delta(24)-sterol reductase) inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
nicotinic antagonist;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
indocyanine green
Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.		2.41201,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		2.1510organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.4820
chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.		2.4420chlorophyll;
methyl ester		cofactor
olaparib
[no description available]		2.3110cyclopropanes;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
phthalazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
glycolipids
[no description available]		2.0210
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		2.0610ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
guanine
[no description available]		2.11102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		2.110dacarbazine
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		2.1110N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate
[no description available]		2.0610
filipin
Filipin: A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important.		2.0610
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		07.52162
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		07.52162
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		02.8230
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		05.5382
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		06.13103
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		02.8230
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		05.5382
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
[description not available]		02.6320
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)		07.6320
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		02.4920
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		02.4920
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.2510
Angioblastic Meningioma
[description not available]		02.6120
Meningeal Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.		02.2510
Meningioma
A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)		02.6120
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		04.7561
Sarcoma, Epithelioid
[description not available]		02.3110
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		04.7561
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.		07.3110
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		05.4472
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		05.4472
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		02.5220
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		02.5220
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		06.86132
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		06.86132
Cancer of Nose
[description not available]		02.1710
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic
[description not available]		04.7421
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.5220
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.73100
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.7630
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.7630
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		03.1650
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		03.1650
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		06.4582
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.		02.2110
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		06.4582
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract
[description not available]		02.8430
Auricular Flutter
[description not available]		02.0810
Atrial Flutter
Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES).		02.0810
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		03.4470
Tachyarrhythmia
[description not available]		02.0810
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.		02.0810
Neoplasms, Bronchial
[description not available]		02.110
Bronchial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.		02.110
Nevus Flammeus
[description not available]		02.4820
Port-Wine Stain
A vascular malformation of developmental origin characterized pathologically by ectasia of superficial dermal capillaries, and clinically by persistent macular erythema. In the past, port wine stains have frequently been termed capillary hemangiomas, which they are not; unfortunately this confusing practice persists: HEMANGIOMA, CAPILLARY is neoplastic, a port-wine stain is non-neoplastic. Port-wine stains vary in color from fairly pale pink to deep red or purple and in size from a few millimeters to many centimeters in diameter. The face is the most frequently affected site and they are most often unilateral. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 5th ed, p483)		02.4820
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.		07.110
Malignant Mesothelioma
[description not available]		02.1110
Neoplasms, Pleural
[description not available]		02.1110
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1110
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.1110
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.1110
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.		02.1110
Benign Infratentorial Neoplasms
[description not available]		03.0310
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		07.9640
Minimal Disease, Residual
[description not available]		02.1110
Bile Duct Cancer
[description not available]		04.5751
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.		04.5751
Cholangiocarcinoma
A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.		07.9640
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome
[description not available]		02.4420
Atrioventricular Conduction Block
[description not available]		02.0410
Auricular Fibrillation
[description not available]		02.0410
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		07.5111
Atrial Fibrillation
Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.		02.0410
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		07.5111
Atrioventricular Block
Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduction.		02.0410
Brain Swelling
[description not available]		02.0510
Brain Edema
Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)		07.0510
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.0510
Lymph Node Metastasis
[description not available]		02.0510
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		02.0510
Cancer of Oropharnyx
[description not available]		02.0510
Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.		02.0510
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.0510
Dermatoses
[description not available]		02.0510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.0510
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		02.0510
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung
A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.		02.7230
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		02.0510
Carcinoma, Oat Cell
[description not available]		02.0510
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		02.4620
Cancer, Second Primary
[description not available]		02.0510
Multiple Primary Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0510
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		02.4620
Carcinoma, Small Cell
An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7)		02.0510
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.8840
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		05.4451
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		09.7521
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		03.8840
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		05.4451
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		04.7521
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
[description not available]		02.0510
Peritoneal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.		02.0510
Carcinoma, Bronchial
[description not available]		04.7721
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic
Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.		04.7721
Biliary Tract Cancer
[description not available]		02.0510
Cancer of Gallbladder
[description not available]		02.0510
Biliary Tract Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.		02.0510
Gallbladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.		02.0510
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		04.4380
Sarcoma 180
An experimental sarcoma of mice.		02.0610
Lung Adenocarcinoma
[description not available]		02.0610
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.		02.0610
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		02.0610
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		02.0610
Anoxemia
[description not available]		02.0610
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		02.0610
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		02.0610
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		02.0610
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		02.420
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		02.420
Cancer of Salivary Gland
[description not available]		02.0210
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.		02.0210
Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Pigmented
[description not available]		03.4111
Carcinoma, Papillary
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.4111
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		03.8221
Carcinoma, Basal Cell
A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)		03.4111
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		03.8221
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.0210
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.0210
Cancer of the Tongue
[description not available]		02.0310
Tongue Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.		02.0310
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		02.4220
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		02.0310
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		02.0310
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		03.8221
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.9140
Adjuvant Arthritis
[description not available]		02.0410
Rheumatoid Arthritis
[description not available]		07.0410
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.		02.0410
Recrudescence
[description not available]		02.0410
Cancer of Larynx
[description not available]		02.0410
Cancer of Pharynx
[description not available]		02.0410
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.		02.0410
Pharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.		02.0410
EHS Tumor
[description not available]		02.0410
Fibrosarcoma
A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.8240
Chondrosarcoma
A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)		01.9810
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.		01.9810
Neovascularization, Optic Disc
[description not available]		01.9910
Retinal Neovascularization
Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.		01.9910
Soft Tissue Neoplasms
Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.		01.9910
Leukemia P388
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.		01.9910
Experimental Hepatoma
[description not available]		02.6930
Anasarca
[description not available]		04.311
Ache
[description not available]		04.311
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		04.311
Erythema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.		04.311
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.		04.311
Branch Vein Occlusion
[description not available]		0210
Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
[description not available]		0210
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.		0210
Retinal Artery Occlusion
Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in the eye.		0210
Intraocular Pressure
The pressure of the fluids in the eye.		0210
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
[description not available]		0210
Macular Degeneration
Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.		0210
Choroid Neovascularization
[description not available]		0210