Compounds > lifibrol
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

lifibrol

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

lifibrol: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID57112
CHEMBL ID2105019
CHEBI ID191250
SCHEMBL ID140583
MeSH IDM0165140

Synonyms (34)

Synonym
lifibrol
u-83860
k-12.148
D04737
96609-16-4
lifibrol (usan/inn)
CHEBI:191250
4-[4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy]benzoic acid
(+-)-p-(4-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)benzoic acid
unii-6kwx9x0q5k
6kwx9x0q5k ,
lifibrol [usan:inn]
lifibrolum [inn-latin]
benzoic acid, 4-(4-(4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)-, (+-)-
lifibrolum
k 12148
k-12148
CHEMBL2105019
(+/-)-p-(4-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)benzoic acid
benzoic acid, 4-(4-(4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)-, (+/-)-
lifibrol [inn]
lifibrol [usan]
lifibrol [mart.]
lifibrol [who-dd]
k12.148
gtpl5885
SCHEMBL140583
AKOS026673905
DB12448
4-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)benzoic acid
Q27080538
4-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybutoxy)benzoicacid
DTXSID80869278
benzoic acid, 4-[4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-2-hydroxybutoxy]-

Research Excerpts

Overview

Lifibrol is a potent lipid-lowering drug with an unknown mechanism of action.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Lifibrol is a potent lipid-lowering drug with an unknown mechanism of action. "( Lifibrol as a model compound for a novel lipid-lowering mechanism of action.
Berthold, HK; Gouni-Berthold, I; Sudhop, T; von Bergmann, K, 2010)		3.25
"Lifibrol is a potent lipid-lowering drug in patients with hypercholesterolemia."( Lifibrol: a novel lipid-lowering drug for the therapy of hypercholesterolemia. Lifibrol Study Group.
Francom, SF; Hughes, GS; Jungbluth, GL; Locker, PK, 1995)		3.18
"Lifibrol is a powerful cholesterol-lowering drug of unknown mechanism of action. "( Effect of lifibrol on the metabolism of low density lipoproteins and cholesterol.
Adams-Huet, B; Blumenschein, S; Carter, NB; Grundy, SM; Laeis, P; Lindenthal, B; Lutjohann, D; Simatupang, A; Vega, GL; von Bergmann, J; von Bergmann, K, 1999)		2.15

Actions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Lifibrol did not inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase."( The effects of lifibrol (K12.148) on the cholesterol metabolism of cultured cells: evidence for sterol independent stimulation of the LDL receptor pathway.
Gierens, H; Gross, W; Jeck, N; Löser, R; März, W; Nauck, M; Scharnagl, H; Schliack, M; Wieland, H, 2000)		1.38

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Lifibrol was generally well tolerated in all dosage groups and no serious adverse events were reported."( Safety and efficacy of lifibrol upon four-week administration to patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia.
Augustin, J; Elsässer, R; Gertz, B; Heil, M; Schmidt, C; Schwandt, P; Seibel, K, 1994)		1.51

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Assay development, validation, and application of the method to a bioavailability study of the racemate and enantiomers of lifibrol in dogs are described."( Chiral assay methods for lifibrol and metabolites in plasma and the observation of unidirectional chiral inversion following administration of the enantiomers to dogs.
Hsu, CY; Walters, RR, 1994)		0.8

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The first study consisted of active dosing of 4 weeks, and the second study had 12 weeks of active dosing."( Lifibrol: a novel lipid-lowering drug for the therapy of hypercholesterolemia. Lifibrol Study Group.
Francom, SF; Hughes, GS; Jungbluth, GL; Locker, PK, 1995)		1.73
" With the present study design, a decrease in triglycerides (-28%) was significant in the highest dosage group only."( Safety and efficacy of lifibrol upon four-week administration to patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia.
Augustin, J; Elsässer, R; Gertz, B; Heil, M; Schmidt, C; Schwandt, P; Seibel, K, 1994)		0.6
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
alkylbenzeneA monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (19)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (16)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19901 (6.25)18.7374
1990's11 (68.75)18.2507
2000's3 (18.75)29.6817
2010's1 (6.25)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 19.95

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index19.95 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.26 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.57 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index15.26 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (19.95)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials7 (38.89%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other11 (61.11%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
1-butanol
1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.		7.22167alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		2.3820benzenes;
phenyl acetates
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		210delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		3.3811delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		3.44113-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
lathosterol
lathosterol: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha)-isomer. 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol : A cholestanoid that is (5alpha)-cholest-7-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		3.44113beta-sterol;
C27-steroid;
cholestanoid;
Delta(7)-sterol		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
mevalonic acid
Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.		3.38113,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		1.9810octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Elevated Cholesterol
[description not available]		05.8755
Hypercholesterolemia
A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.		05.8755
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		03.7821
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.		01.9810
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		03.7821
Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective
[description not available]		03.3911
Hyperchylomicronemia Late Onset
[description not available]		03.3911
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II
A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins).		03.3911
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		01.9710