Compounds > hexahydrocurcumin
Page last updated: 2024-12-11

hexahydrocurcumin

Description

hexahydrocurcumin: from Zingiber officinale; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

FloraRankFlora DefinitionFamilyFamily Definition
Zingibergenus[no description available]ZingiberaceaeA plant family of the order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida. It includes plants which have both flavoring and medicinal properties such as GINGER; turmeric (CURCUMA), and cardamom (ELETTARIA).[MeSH]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5318039
CHEMBL ID479650
CHEBI ID81358
SCHEMBL ID290121
MeSH IDM0570802

Synonyms (24)

Synonym
MEGXP0_001211
1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-heptanol-3-one
5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)heptan-3-one
hexahydrocurcumin
C17826 ,
chebi:81358 ,
CHEMBL479650
5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptan-3-one
(rs)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-heptanone
36062-05-2
SCHEMBL290121
CS-4377
5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxylphenyl)-3-heptanone
DTXSID00415731
HY-N0929
3-heptanone, 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-
hexahydrocurcumin, analytical standard
Q27155296
MS-26053
rnl5xj2ba7 ,
curcumin, hexahydro-
unii-rnl5xj2ba7
5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-heptanone
E80659

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" In this work, we aimed to perform a comparative evaluation of curcuminoids and their hydrogenated metabolites from a medicinal chemistry point of view, by determining a set of key pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluating antioxidant potential in relation to such properties."( Pharmacokinetics-Driven Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Curcuminoids and Their Major Reduced Metabolites-A Medicinal Chemistry Approach.
Balogh, GT; Fülöp, F; Girst, G; Hunyadi, A; Ötvös, SB, 2021)		0.62

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"To investigate the effects of hexahydrocurcumin (HHC), and its combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer in rats."( Effects of hexahydrocurcumin in combination with 5-fluorouracil on dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in rats.
Chintana, PY; Srimuangwong, K; Suksamrarn, A; Tocharus, C; Tocharus, J, 2012)		1.06

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Though numerous reasons contribute to the low bioavailability of curcumin, one of the important reasons is associated with biotransformation of curcumin through either conjugation or reduction depending on curcumin administration route."( Structural Interactions of Curcumin Biotransformed Molecules with the N-Terminal Residues of Cytotoxic-Associated Gene A Protein Provide Insights into Suppression of Oncogenic Activities.
Roy, BK; Singh, D; Srivastava, AK, 2017)		0.46
" However, little is known about variations in its pharmacokinetics and tissue bioavailability between formulations."( Randomized Pharmacokinetic Crossover Study Comparing 2 Curcumin Preparations in Plasma and Rectal Tissue of Healthy Human Volunteers.
Asher, GN; Dossou, KS; Hawke, RL; Kashuba, AD; Moaddel, R; Sandler, RS; Sanghvi, M; Xie, Y, 2017)		0.46
" However, critical studies on its pharmacological and toxicological activities are needed to understand how this compound can have these biological functions considering its poor oral bioavailability and the low plasma concentration."( Biological and pharmacological effects of hexahydrocurcumin, a metabolite of curcumin.
Cao, S; Fan, Y; Huang, Y; Kang, N; Qiu, F; Zhang, H; Zhang, Q, 2018)		0.75

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Finally, once-daily dosing is sufficient to maintain detectable curcuminoids at steady state in both plasma and rectal tissues."( Randomized Pharmacokinetic Crossover Study Comparing 2 Curcumin Preparations in Plasma and Rectal Tissue of Healthy Human Volunteers.
Asher, GN; Dossou, KS; Hawke, RL; Kashuba, AD; Moaddel, R; Sandler, RS; Sanghvi, M; Xie, Y, 2017)		0.46
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
diarylheptanoidA family of plant metabolites with a common 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, carrying various substituents. They are mainly distributed in the roots, rhizomes and bark of Alpinia, Zingiber, Curcuma and Alnus species.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (15)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1063389Inhibition of recombinant BACE1 (unknown origin) at 1.3 mM2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2
Synthesis and evaluation of curcumin derivatives toward an inhibitor of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1.
AID421738Cytotoxicity against rat RBL2H3 cells at 200 uM after 12 hrs by MTT assay2009Journal of natural products, May-22, Volume: 72, Issue:5
Antiallergic potential on RBL-2H3 cells of some phenolic constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger).
AID466918Antitrypanosomal activity against diminazene-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei deltaTbat1-KO after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID515080Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra after 24 hrs by microtiter alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10
Isoxazole analogs of curcuminoids with highly potent multidrug-resistant antimycobacterial activity.
AID421737Cytotoxicity against rat RBL2H3 cells after 12 hrs by MTT assay2009Journal of natural products, May-22, Volume: 72, Issue:5
Antiallergic potential on RBL-2H3 cells of some phenolic constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger).
AID466922Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells after 16 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID466921Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania mexicana MNYC/BZ/62/M379 amastigotes after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID466917Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei 427 after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID421743Antiallergic activity in mIgE-DNP and DNP-BSA-stimulated rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosaminidase release at 200 uM pretreated before mIgE-DNP challenge2009Journal of natural products, May-22, Volume: 72, Issue:5
Antiallergic potential on RBL-2H3 cells of some phenolic constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger).
AID466920Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania major Friedlin promastigotes after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID421744Antiallergic activity in mIgE-DNP and DNP-BSA-stimulated rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosaminidase release pretreated before mIgE-DNP challenge measured after 12 to 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, May-22, Volume: 72, Issue:5
Antiallergic potential on RBL-2H3 cells of some phenolic constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger).
AID466919Antitrypanosomal activity against multidrug-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei B48 after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
Curcuminoid analogs with potent activity against Trypanosoma and Leishmania species.
AID367267Inhibition of Spiroplasma sp. MQ-1 M.SssI up to 100 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3
Curcumin is a potent DNA hypomethylation agent.
AID367265Inhibition of C1226 catalytic site of DNMT1 in presence of S-adenosyl methionine2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3
Curcumin is a potent DNA hypomethylation agent.
AID367264Inhibition of C1226 catalytic site of DNMT12009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3
Curcumin is a potent DNA hypomethylation agent.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (27)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's2 (7.41)29.6817
2010's16 (59.26)24.3611
2020's9 (33.33)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 19.53

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index19.53 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.37 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.14 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index23.28 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index3.00 (0.95)

This Compound (19.53)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (3.70%)5.53%
Reviews1 (3.70%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other25 (92.59%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
guaiacol
Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.		2.0710guaiacolsdisinfectant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
expectorant;
plant metabolite
diminazene
Diminazene: An effective trypanocidal agent.. diminazene : A triazene derivative that is triazene in which each of the terminal nitrogens is substituted by a 4-carbamimidoylphenyl group.		2.0510carboxamidine;
triazene derivative		antiparasitic agent;
trypanocidal drug
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.4820nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		2.0510carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		2.0510aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		2.0510kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		2.110acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.		2.4110alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
dimethylhydrazines
Dimethylhydrazines: Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.		2.0710
diminazene aceturate
[no description available]		2.0510
phorbolol myristate acetate
[no description available]		2.110
tetrahydrocurcumin
tetrahydrocurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which both of the double bonds have been reduced to single bonds.		3.4870beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
polyphenol		metabolite
gingerdione
gingerdione: structure given in first source		7.0710beta-diketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
10-gingerol
[no description available]		2.0510beta-hydroxy ketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
gingerol
gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.		2.0510beta-hydroxy ketone;
guaiacols		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
hirsutanone
hirsutanone: from methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Viscum cruciatum (Viscaceae)		2.0510diarylheptanoid
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		7.89201aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		2.3110
gingerenone a
gingerenone A: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Zingiber officinale; structure in first source		2.4620diarylheptanoid
shogaol
shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source		7.4620enone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
bisdemethoxycurcumin
curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.		2.9840beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
metabolite
demethoxycurcumin
demethoxycurcumin: corresponds to curcumin with one methoxy group replaced by hydrogen; isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. demethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which one of the methoxy groups is replaced by hydrogen. It is found in Curcuma zedoaria and Etlingera elatior.		4.8321beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
tetrahydroxycurcumin
[no description available]		2.4620beta-diketone;
catechols;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
diacetylcurcumin
diacetylcurcumin: structure in first source		2.4620
dimethoxycurcumin
dimethoxycurcumin: has antineoplsatic activity; structure in first source		2.4620
1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one
1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one: from Curcuma longa; structure in first source		2.4620diarylheptanoid
(E)-1,7-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hept-4-en-3-one
[no description available]		2.0510diarylheptanoid
curcumin glucuronide
curcumin glucuronide: a curcumin metabolite		2.110diarylheptanoid
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		2.0510cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
cnb 001
[no description available]		2.0510
hydrazinocurcumin
hydrazinocurcumin: structure in first source. hydrazinocurcumin : A pyrazole obtained by cyclocodensation of the two carbonyl groups of curcumin with hydrazine.		2.0510aromatic ether;
olefinic compound;
polyphenol;
pyrazoles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		02.0510
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		02.0510
Koch's Disease
[description not available]		02.0510
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.		02.0510
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling
[description not available]		02.4110
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.4110
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.4110
Anoxemia
[description not available]		02.4110
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		02.4110
Chronic Lung Injury
[description not available]		03.1410
Experimental Lung Inflammation
Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.		03.1410
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.		08.1410
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		02.2510
Brain Swelling
[description not available]		02.2510
Cerebral Ischemia
[description not available]		07.2510
Infarct
[description not available]		02.2510
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.5920
Brain Edema
Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)		02.2510
Brain Ischemia
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.		02.2510
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		07.5920
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.		02.2510
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.3110
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.8930
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		02.3110
Corneal Angiogenesis
[description not available]		02.1710
Corneal Neovascularization
New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.		07.1710
Apoplexy
[description not available]		02.1510
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.1510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		07.1510
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		07.1510
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.0710
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.0710
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