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glycerol phenylbutyrate

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

glycerol phenylbutyrate: for treating urea cycle disorders [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID10482134
CHEMBL ID2105745
CHEBI ID134745
SCHEMBL ID10102804
MeSH IDM0571227

Synonyms (52)

Synonym
GPB ,
CHEBI:134745
glycerol phenylbutyrate
D10127
ravicti (tn)
611168-24-2
glycerol phenylbutyrate (usan)
unii-zh6f1vcv7b
zh6f1vcv7b ,
hpn-100
benzenebutanoic acid, 1,1',1''-(1,2,3-propanetriyl) ester
glycerol phenylbutyrate [usan:inn]
hpn 100
ravicti
hpn100
propane-1,2,3-triyl tris(4-phenylbutanoate)
tris(4-phenylbutyryl)glycerol
benzenebutanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester
gt4p
glycerol phenylbutyrate [inn]
glycerol phenylbutyrate [orange book]
glycerol phenylbutyrate [mi]
glycerol phenylbutyrate [usan]
glycerol phenylbutyrate [vandf]
glyceryl tri (4-phenylbutyrate)
glyceryl tri-(4-phenylbutyrate)
glyceryl tri(4-phenylbutyrate)
tri(4-phenylbutyryl)glycerol
glycerol phenylbutyrate [who-dd]
CHEMBL2105745
S6981
DB08909
glyceryl tri-4-phenylbutyrate
SCHEMBL10102804
DTXSID40210005 ,
glycerolphenylbutyrate
AKOS030238862
2,3-bis(4-phenylbutanoyloxy)propyl 4-phenylbutanoate
HY-B2087
CS-0017499
Q15322709
glycerol-phenylbutyrate
MS-29816
hpn-100hpn-100
EN300-20129004
1,3-bis[(4-phenylbutanoyl)oxy]propan-2-yl 4-phenylbutanoate
AT33615
dtxcid00132496
a16ax09
glyceroli phenylbutyras
phenylbutyrate de glycerol
fenilbutirato de glicerol

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" PAA plasma levels ≥ 500 μg/dL have been reported to be associated with reversible neurological adverse events (AEs) in cancer patients receiving PAA intravenously."( Elevated phenylacetic acid levels do not correlate with adverse events in patients with urea cycle disorders or hepatic encephalopathy and can be predicted based on the plasma PAA to PAGN ratio.
Bartley, J; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Brown, RS; Coakley, D; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, R; Ghabril, M; Harding, C; Lee, B; Lemons, C; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; Mantry, P; McCandless, SE; Milikien, DA; Mokhtarani, M; Moors, T; Nagamani, SC; Norris, C; Rhead, W; Rockey, DC; Scharschmidt, BF; Schulze, A; Smith, W; Vierling, JM, 2013
)
0.39
" Safety endpoints included adverse events, hyperammonemic crises (HACs), and growth and development."( Safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for management of urea cycle disorders in patients aged 2months to 2years.
Berry, SA; Diaz, GA; Ficicioglu, C; Harding, CO; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Robinson, B; Smith, WE; Vockley, J; Zori, R, 2017
)
0.77
" Adverse events occurring in at least 10% of patients while on GPB were neutropenia, vomiting, diarrhea, pyrexia, hypophagia, cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, rash/papule."( Safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for management of urea cycle disorders in patients aged 2months to 2years.
Berry, SA; Diaz, GA; Ficicioglu, C; Harding, CO; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Robinson, B; Smith, WE; Vockley, J; Zori, R, 2017
)
0.77
"GPB was safe and effective in UCD patients aged 2months to 2years."( Safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for management of urea cycle disorders in patients aged 2months to 2years.
Berry, SA; Diaz, GA; Ficicioglu, C; Harding, CO; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Robinson, B; Smith, WE; Vockley, J; Zori, R, 2017
)
0.77
" The primary endpoint was the rate of adverse events (AEs)."( Long-term safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for the management of urea cycle disorder patients.
Bartholomew, D; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Canavan, C; Diaz, GA; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, RC; Harding, CO; Holt, RJ; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Merritt, JL; Rhead, W; Schulze, A; Smith, WE; Vescio, T; Vockley, J; Wong, D; Zori, R, 2019
)
0.8
" The treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) reported in ≥10% of adult or pediatric patients were consistent with the TEAEs reported in the previous safety extension studies with no increase in the overall incidence of TEAEs and no new TEAEs that indicated a new safety signal."( Long-term safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for the management of urea cycle disorder patients.
Bartholomew, D; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Canavan, C; Diaz, GA; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, RC; Harding, CO; Holt, RJ; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Merritt, JL; Rhead, W; Schulze, A; Smith, WE; Vescio, T; Vockley, J; Wong, D; Zori, R, 2019
)
0.8
"86) years in the present study with continued maintenance of ammonia control, similar rates of adverse events, and no new adverse events identified."( Long-term safety and efficacy of glycerol phenylbutyrate for the management of urea cycle disorder patients.
Bartholomew, D; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Canavan, C; Diaz, GA; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, RC; Harding, CO; Holt, RJ; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Merritt, JL; Rhead, W; Schulze, A; Smith, WE; Vescio, T; Vockley, J; Wong, D; Zori, R, 2019
)
0.8
" Glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB) is safe and effective in reducing ammonia levels in patients with UCD above 2 months of age."( Glycerol phenylbutyrate efficacy and safety from an open label study in pediatric patients under 2 months of age with urea cycle disorders.
Ah Mew, N; Bannick, AA; Berry, SA; Canavan, C; Conway, RL; Diaz, GA; Hainline, B; Inbar-Feigenberg, M; Kok, T; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Porter, MH; Schulze, A; Vescio, T; Zori, R, 2021
)
2.97
" All patients reported at least 1 treatment emergent adverse event with gastroesophageal reflux disease, vomiting, hyperammonemia, diaper dermatitis (37."( Glycerol phenylbutyrate efficacy and safety from an open label study in pediatric patients under 2 months of age with urea cycle disorders.
Ah Mew, N; Bannick, AA; Berry, SA; Canavan, C; Conway, RL; Diaz, GA; Hainline, B; Inbar-Feigenberg, M; Kok, T; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Porter, MH; Schulze, A; Vescio, T; Zori, R, 2021
)
2.06

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" No statistically significant differences were observed in plasma phenylacetic acid and PAGN exposure during dosing with GPB vs."( Ammonia control in children with urea cycle disorders (UCDs); phase 2 comparison of sodium phenylbutyrate and glycerol phenylbutyrate.
Beliveau, M; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Feigenbaum, A; Jomphe, C; Lichter-Konecki, U; Marier, JF; Martinez, A; Mauney, J; Merritt, JL; Mokhtarani, M; Rhead, W; Scharschmidt, B, 2011
)
0.58
"We have analyzed pharmacokinetic data for glycerol phenylbutyrate (also GT4P or HPN-100) and sodium phenylbutyrate with respect to possible dosing biomarkers in patients with urea cycle disorders (UCD)."( Urinary phenylacetylglutamine as dosing biomarker for patients with urea cycle disorders.
Bart, S; Bartholomew, D; Bartley, J; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Cederbaum, S; Coakley, DF; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Dorrani, N; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, R; Harding, CO; Korson, MS; Kronn, D; Lee, B; Lemons, C; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Merritt, JL; Mokhtarani, M; Moors, TL; Rhead, W; Scharschmidt, BF; Smith, W; Sreenath-Nagamani, S; Summar, M; Vockley, J; Zori, R, 2012
)
0.64
" Dose simulations demonstrated similar PAA exposure following mole-equivalent PBA dosing of both drugs and greater PAA exposure in younger patients based on BSA."( Population pharmacokinetic modeling and dosing simulations of nitrogen-scavenging compounds: disposition of glycerol phenylbutyrate and sodium phenylbutyrate in adult and pediatric patients with urea cycle disorders.
Berry, SA; Coakley, D; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Lee, B; Lemons, C; Lichter-Konecki, U; Mokhtarani, M; Monteleone, JP; Rhead, W; Scharschmidt, BF, 2013
)
0.6
" The plasma PAA:PAGN ratio is a functional measure of the rate of PAA metabolism and represents a useful dosing biomarker."( Elevated phenylacetic acid levels do not correlate with adverse events in patients with urea cycle disorders or hepatic encephalopathy and can be predicted based on the plasma PAA to PAGN ratio.
Bartley, J; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Brown, RS; Coakley, D; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, R; Ghabril, M; Harding, C; Lee, B; Lemons, C; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; Mantry, P; McCandless, SE; Milikien, DA; Mokhtarani, M; Moors, T; Nagamani, SC; Norris, C; Rhead, W; Rockey, DC; Scharschmidt, BF; Schulze, A; Smith, W; Vierling, JM, 2013
)
0.39
"The reduction in symptoms following 3 months of open-label GPB dosing was similar in pediatric and adult patients and may be related to chemical structure and intrinsic characteristics of the product rather than its effect on ammonia control."( Self-reported treatment-associated symptoms among patients with urea cycle disorders participating in glycerol phenylbutyrate clinical trials.
Bartholomew, D; Bartley, J; Berquist, W; Berry, SA; Cederbaum, S; Coakley, DF; Diaz, GA; Dickinson, K; Feigenbaum, A; Gallagher, R; Harding, CO; Korson, MS; Kronn, D; Le Mons, C; Lee, BH; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; Marino, M; McCandless, SE; Merritt, JL; Mokhtarani, M; Nagamani, SC; Rhead, W; Scharschmidt, BF; Schulze, A; Smith, W; Vockley, J; Wong, D; Zori, R,
)
0.35
" Covariate analyses indicated that age did not influence the PK parameters, with body surface area (BSA) being the most significant covariate, reinforcing current BSA based dosing recommendations as seen in older patients."( Pharmacokinetics of glycerol phenylbutyrate in pediatric patients 2 months to 2 years of age with urea cycle disorders.
Berry, SA; Diaz, GA; Dong, M; Ficicioglu, C; Harding, CO; Holt, RJ; Lichter-Konecki, U; Longo, N; McCandless, SE; Perdok, R; Robinson, B; Smith, WE; Vinks, AA; Vockley, J; Zori, R, 2018
)
0.8
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
triglycerideAny glyceride resulting from the condensation of all three hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (27)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's0 (0.00)29.6817
2010's22 (81.48)24.3611
2020's5 (18.52)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 41.05

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index41.05 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.58 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.53 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index58.19 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (41.05)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials7 (25.00%)5.53%
Reviews8 (28.57%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (3.57%)4.05%
Observational1 (3.57%)0.25%
Other11 (39.29%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]