Page last updated: 2024-12-07

endothelin (16-21)

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Description

endothelin (16-21): C-terminal hexapeptide of endothelin; amino acid seq. given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID129432
CHEMBL ID34540
CHEBI ID189233
SCHEMBL ID7996606
MeSH IDM0170612

Synonyms (19)

Synonym
histidyl-leucyl-aspartyl-isoleucyl-isoleucyl-tryptophan
endothelin (16-21)
l-tryptophan, n-(n-(n-(n-(n-l-histidyl-l-leucyl)-l-alpha-aspartyl)-l-isoleucyl)-l-isoleucyl)-
et-(16-21)
CHEMBL34540 ,
3-{2-[2-amino-3-(1h-imidazol-4-yl)-propionylamino]-4-methyl-pentanoylamino}-n-(1-{1-[1-carboxy-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-methyl-butylcarbamoyl}-2-methyl-butyl)-succinamic acid
bdbm50001216
3-{2-[2-amino-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)-propionylamino]-4-methyl-pentanoylamino}-n-(1-{1-[1-carboxy-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-methyl-butylcarbamoyl}-2-methyl-butyl)-succinamic acid
bdbm50000565
(s)-3-{(s)-2-[(s)-2-amino-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)-propionylamino]-4-methyl-pentanoylamino}-n-((s)-1-{(s)-1-[(s)-1-carboxy-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-methyl-butylcarbamoyl}-2-methyl-butyl)-succinamic acid
CHEBI:189233
his-leu-asp-ile-ile-trp
(3s)-3-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-amino-3-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-[[(2s,3s)-1-[[(2s,3s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
121377-67-1
SCHEMBL7996606
n-[14-amino-2,5-di(butan-2-yl)-8-(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentahydroxy-15-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)-11-(2-methylpropyl)-3,6,9,12-tetraazapentadeca-3,6,9,12-tetraen-1-ylidene]tryptophan
DTXSID40923789
(2s,5s,8s,11s,14s,17s)-2-((1h-indol-3-yl)methyl)-17-amino-5,8-di-sec-butyl-11-(carboxymethyl)-18-(1h-imidazol-4-yl)-14-isobutyl-4,7,10,13,16-pentaoxo-3,6,9,12,15-pentaazaoctadecan-1-oic acid
h-his-leu-asp-ile-ile-trp-oh
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
peptideAmide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (4)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Endothelin receptor type BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)50.00000.00001.17444.4000AID66878
Endothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)50.00000.00010.65659.8000AID66032
Endothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)50.00000.00000.76479.9000AID66032
Endothelin-1 receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)44.00000.00001.774610.0000AID67050
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (109)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
neural crest cell migrationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
renin secretion into blood streamEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rateEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of pHEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activityEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
nervous system developmentEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
peripheral nervous system developmentEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
posterior midgut developmentEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
gene expressionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron maturationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compoundEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
vein smooth muscle contractionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium-mediated signalingEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
cGMP-mediated signalingEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
heparin metabolic processEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
melanocyte differentiationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fever generationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
aldosterone metabolic processEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
enteric smooth muscle cell differentiationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of urine volumeEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
renal sodium excretionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial fluid transportEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
vasoconstrictionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
macrophage chemotaxisEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
response to painEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
enteric nervous system developmentEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell proliferationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein metabolic processEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
canonical Wnt signaling pathwayEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of penile erectionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
establishment of endothelial barrierEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
renal sodium ion absorptionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transmembrane transportEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
protein transmembrane transportEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
podocyte differentiationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
endothelin receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
renal albumin absorptionEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
neuroblast migrationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
chordate pharynx developmentEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
response to sodium phosphateEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
response to endothelinEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
developmental pigmentationEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
blood vessel remodelingEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to amphetamineEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rateEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glomerular filtrationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac chamber formationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
atrial cardiac muscle tissue developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
noradrenergic neuron differentiationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle contractionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion organizationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activityEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory systemEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressureEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to woundingEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
gene expressionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase A signalingEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose transmembrane transportEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neural crest cell fate commitmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
artery smooth muscle contractionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron remodelingEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
heparin metabolic processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
thyroid gland developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
embryonic heart tube developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
aorta developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vasoconstrictionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine metabolic processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
middle ear morphogenesisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to human chorionic gonadotropin stimulusEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
enteric nervous system developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sympathetic nervous system developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axon extensionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
embryonic skeletal system developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sodium ion homeostasisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
canonical Wnt signaling pathwayEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
face developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axonogenesis involved in innervationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
establishment of endothelial barrierEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesisEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
renal sodium ion absorptionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transmembrane transportEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulusEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to luteinizing hormone stimulusEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein transmembrane transportEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glomerular endothelium developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
podocyte differentiationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endothelin receptor signaling pathway involved in heart processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
renal albumin absorptionEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vascular associated smooth muscle cell developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mesenchymal cell apoptotic processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sympathetic neuron axon guidanceEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in axon guidanceEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
podocyte apoptotic processEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cranial skeletal system developmentEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to acetylcholineEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localization to cell leading edgeEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cation channel activityEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endothelin receptor signaling pathwayEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
developmental pigmentationEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (5)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
endothelin receptor activityEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
peptide hormone bindingEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
type 1 angiotensin receptor bindingEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activityEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endothelin receptor activityEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (2)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEndothelin receptor type BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEndothelin-1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (5)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID190017Antagonism of the endothelin stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphate (IP3) was determined in cultured rat skin fibroblasts1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-21, Volume: 35, Issue:17
Design of a functional hexapeptide antagonist of endothelin.
AID67050Compound was evaluated for the binding affinity to endothelin receptor in the rat heart ventricle.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 35, Issue:9
Endothelin: a new challenge.
AID66032Inhibition of ET-1 binding to Endothelin A receptor in cultured rabbit renal artery vascular smooth muscle cells1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-21, Volume: 35, Issue:17
Design of a functional hexapeptide antagonist of endothelin.
AID228168Compound was evaluated for the Inositol phosphate accumulation in rat skin fibroblasts.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 35, Issue:9
Endothelin: a new challenge.
AID66878Inhibition of ET-1 binding to Endothelin B receptor in cultured rat cerebellar membranes1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-21, Volume: 35, Issue:17
Design of a functional hexapeptide antagonist of endothelin.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (14)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19901 (7.14)18.7374
1990's12 (85.71)18.2507
2000's1 (7.14)29.6817
2010's0 (0.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.83

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index12.83 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.77 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.60 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.83)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews2 (13.33%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other13 (86.67%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]