Compounds > diisodecyl phthalate

Page last updated: 2024-12-06

diisodecyl phthalate

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) is a synthetic plasticizer widely used in various industries due to its excellent properties such as flexibility, durability, and low cost. It is commonly used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, including flooring, wall coverings, clothing, and toys. DIDP is synthesized by reacting phthalic anhydride with isodecyl alcohol. However, concerns have been raised regarding its potential health effects, particularly its endocrine disrupting properties and potential for developmental and reproductive toxicity. Studies have shown that DIDP can disrupt the endocrine system, potentially interfering with hormone production and signaling pathways. It can also accumulate in the body, leading to long-term health risks. These concerns have led to increased scrutiny and regulatory measures aimed at reducing its use and exposure. Ongoing research focuses on understanding the mechanisms of its action and exploring safer alternatives to replace DIDP in consumer products.'

monodesmethylisoproturon: a metabolite of isoproturon; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	33599
CHEMBL ID	3183266
CHEBI ID	34709
SCHEMBL ID	22307
MeSH ID	M0124485

Synonyms (73)

Synonym
BIDD:ER0436
phthalic acid, diisodecyl ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisodecyl ester
einecs 271-091-4
26761-40-0
diisodecyl phthalate
hsdb 930
px 120
vestinol dz
sicol 184
ccris 6194
didp (plasticizer)
bis(isodecyl)phthalate
di(i-decyl) phthalate
plasticized ddp
palatinol z
brn 2171889
di-''isodecyl'' phthalate
phthalic acid, bis(8-methylnonyl) ester
bis(isodecyl) phthalate
einecs 247-977-1
68515-49-1
di-isodecyl phthalate
diisodecylphthalate
19269-67-1
di-iso-decyl phthalate
bis(8-methylnonyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
FT-0667183
FT-0667182
phthalic acid diisodecyl ester
P0299
NCGC00248087-02
NCGC00248087-01
ec 271-091-4
dsstox_cid_8666
cas-68515-49-1
tox21_300530
dsstox_rid_78654
dsstox_gsid_28666
NCGC00254318-01
89-16-7
einecs 201-884-2
bis(8-methylnonyl) phthalate
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-carbonylbis-, 1,1',2,2'-tetraisodecyl ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisodecyl ester
unii-wf93t741qi
wf93t741qi ,
FT-0606278
AKOS015888325
SCHEMBL22307
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(8-methylnonyl) ester
diisodecyl phthalate [hsdb]
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diisodecyl ester
di(isodecyl) phthalate
CHEBI:34709 ,
CHEMBL3183266
monodesmethylisoproturon
FT-0696778
bis-(8-methylnonyl)phthalate
diisodecyl phthalate, selectophore(tm), >=99.0%
DTXSID50274032
mfcd00048389
bis(8-methylnonyl) phthalate, analytical standard
J-016536
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(8-methylnonyl) ester (9ci); phthalic acid, bis(8-methylnonyl) ester (8ci); diisodecyl phthalate
phthalic acid, bis-8-methylnonyl ester
bis(8-methylnonyl)phthalate
Q904337
D97452
1,2-benzenedicarboxylicacid,bis(8-methylnonyl)ester
CS-W013841
?diisodecyl phthalate
1,2-benzenedicarboxylicacid,di-c9-11-branchedalkylesters,c10-rich

Research Excerpts

Overview

Diisodecyl phthalate is used in the coating of pharmaceutical pills and in plastic food wrappers. It is an isomeric mixture of phthalates with predominantly 10-carbon branched-dialkyl chains, widely used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) is a new type of phthalate used in the coating of pharmaceutical pills and in plastic food wrappers. "	( Diisodecyl phthalate aggravates the formaldehyde-exposure-induced learning and memory impairment in mice. Chen, M; Chen, Y; Ge, S; Huang, J; Ma, P; Shen, D; Wu, Y; Yan, B; Yang, X, 2019)	3.4
"Diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP) is an isomeric mixture of phthalates with predominantly 10-carbon branched-dialkyl chains, widely used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride. "	( Urinary metabolites of diisodecyl phthalate in rats. Calafat, AM; Gray, LE; Kato, K; Needham, LL; Silva, MJ; Wolf, C, 2007)	2.09

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" No treatment-related effects were noted at cesarean section, nor were there any fetal morphologic observations except for an increased frequency of seventh cervical and rudimentary lumbar ribs at the maternally toxic exposure level of 1000 mg/kg/d."	( Developmental toxicity of di-isodecyl and di-isononyl phthalates in rats. Ambroso, JL; Harris, SB; Keller, LH; Nikiforov, AI; Trimmer, GW; Waterman, SJ, )	0.13

Dosage Studied

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Adjuvant effect was accepted to be present if a statistical increase in antibody production occurred in a test group as compared to an ovalbumin control group together with the fulfillment of dose-response relationships."	( Adjuvant effect of di-n-butyl-, di-n-octyl-, di-iso-nonyl- and di-iso-decyl phthalate in a subcutaneous injection model using BALB/c mice. Larsen, ST; Lund, RM; Nielsen, GD; Poulsen, OM; Thygesen, P, 2002)	0.31

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

Class	Description
phthalate ester
diester	A diester is a compound containing two ester groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (5)

Potency Measurements

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	0.7696	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.7700	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID743035; AID743063
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.2684	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.1872	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743075
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.7374	19.7391	45.9784	64.9432	AID1159509
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (42)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	3 (7.14)	18.7374
1990's	3 (7.14)	18.2507
2000's	12 (28.57)	29.6817
2010's	20 (47.62)	24.3611
2020's	4 (9.52)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 57.27

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	57.27 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.89 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	5.07 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	90.35 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (57.27)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	3 (6.25%)	6.00%
Case Studies	2 (4.17%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	43 (89.58%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	7.21	1	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
phthalic acid phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.	5.62	8	benzenedicarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
butylbenzyl phthalate spatozoate: structure in first source	4.06	4	benzyl ester
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	2.06	1	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.	4.58	7	diester; phthalate ester	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; metabolite; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure	2.06	1	aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	3.14	1	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	2.21	1	bisphenol	endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen
diethyl phthalate diethyl phthalate: structure. diethyl phthalate : The diethyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	3.21	1	diester; ethyl ester; phthalate ester	neurotoxin; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
diisobutyl phthalate diisobutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.	3.21	1	diester; phthalate ester	plasticiser; PPAR modulator; teratogenic agent
di-n-hexyl phthalate [no description available]	1.96	1	2-hydroxyisophthalic acid
diethylhexyl phthalate Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	4.02	13	diester; phthalate ester	androstane receptor agonist; apoptosis inhibitor; plasticiser
di-n-octyl phthalate di-n-octyl phthalate: plasticizer	2.01	1	diester; phthalate ester
phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate: 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.. 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate : An adenosine bisphosphate having monophosphate groups at the 3'- and 5'-positions and a sulfo group attached to the phosphate at position 5'.	2.03	1	acyl sulfate; adenosine bisphosphate; purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.61	2	dialdehyde	biomarker
methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.	2.06	1	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent
n-isopropylaniline N-isopropylaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd. N-isopropylaniline : A substituted aniline in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by an isopropyl group.	2.01	1
4-octylphenol 4-octylphenol: xenoestrogen. 4-octylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by an octyl group.	2.03	1	phenols	metabolite; surfactant; xenoestrogen
diheptyl phthalate diheptyl phthalate : The diheptyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	7.25	1	diester; phthalate ester
dioctyl adipate [no description available]	2.03	1	carboxylic ester
isoproturon isoproturon : A member of the class of phenylureas that is 1,1-dimethylurea substituted by a p-cumenyl group at position 3. A selective, systemic herbicide used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in cereals, its use within the EU has been banned after September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	2.43	2	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	2.05	1
diisononyl phthalate diisononyl phthalate: dielectric (electric insulating) fluid. diisononyl phthalate : The diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	5.75	15	diester; phthalate ester	plasticiser
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.46	2
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	2.21	1	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	2.21	1	guanosines	biomarker

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	2.17	1
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	7.17	1
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	2.21	1
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	2.21	1
Academic Disorder, Developmental [description not available]	2.21	1
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	2.21	1
Learning Disabilities Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.	2.21	1
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	2.21	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.21	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.21	1
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.11	1
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.11	1
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	2.11	1
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	2.11	1
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	7.73	3
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	2.73	3
Adenoma, Hepatocellular [description not available]	2.06	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.06	1
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.06	1
Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.	2.07	1
Allergic Reaction [description not available]	2.01	1
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	2.01	1
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.91	4
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed [description not available]	2.03	1
Medulloblastoma A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)	2.03	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.04	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.04	1
Bed Sores [description not available]	1.96	1
Pressure Ulcer An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the SKIN and TISSUES when one stays in one position for a long period of time, such as lying in bed. The bony areas of the body are the most frequently affected sites which become ischemic (ISCHEMIA) under sustained and constant pressure.	1.96	1
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	1.99	1
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	1.99	1
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	1.96	1

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