biotinyl-4-nitrophenyl ester

Biotinyl-4-nitrophenyl ester is a synthetic compound used in various applications, including protein labeling, enzyme assays, and bioconjugation. It is synthesized by reacting biotin with 4-nitrophenol in the presence of a suitable coupling reagent, such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The nitrophenyl group serves as a leaving group, facilitating the attachment of biotin to various molecules, including proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. The ester bond formed between biotin and the nitrophenol is susceptible to hydrolysis under basic conditions, allowing for controlled release of biotin or its conjugates. Biotinyl-4-nitrophenyl ester is studied extensively due to its utility in various research areas, including: 1. Protein labeling: Biotinylation of proteins using this reagent allows for easy detection and purification of target proteins using avidin- or streptavidin-based affinity chromatography. 2. Enzyme assays: This compound can be used to label enzymes with biotin, enabling the development of sensitive enzyme assays based on biotin-avidin interactions. 3. Bioconjugation: Biotinyl-4-nitrophenyl ester is a valuable tool for attaching biotin to various molecules, such as antibodies, nucleic acids, and polymers, for specific targeting and labeling purposes. 4. Drug delivery: Biotinylation of drug molecules using this reagent can facilitate targeted drug delivery to cells expressing biotin receptors, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects.'