Compounds > beclomethasone 17-monopropionate
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

beclomethasone 17-monopropionate

Description

Beclomethasone 17-monopropionate is a synthetic corticosteroid that is used as an inhaled medication to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. It works by reducing inflammation in the airways. Beclomethasone 17-monopropionate is synthesized from the steroid hormone cortisone. It is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that has been shown to be effective in reducing the symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other inflammatory conditions of the respiratory tract. Beclomethasone 17-monopropionate is studied because it is an important drug for the treatment of respiratory conditions. It is also being studied for its potential use in the treatment of other inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis.'

beclomethasone 17-monopropionate: ester of beclomethasone [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID62965
CHEMBL ID2115116
SCHEMBL ID102219
MeSH IDM0180921

Synonyms (28)

Synonym
beclomethasone 17-monopropionate
beclomethasone-17-monopropionate
CHEMBL2115116
9-chloro-11beta,17,21-trihydroxy-16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17-propionate
pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-chloro-11,21-dihydroxy-16-methyl-17-(1-oxopropoxy)-, (11beta,16beta)-
einecs 226-888-1
unii-5bga9fd55h
5bga9fd55h ,
17-bmp
beclomethasone 17-propionate
9-chloro-11.beta.,21-dihydroxy-16.beta.-methyl-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-17-yl propanoate
pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-chloro-11-hydroxy-16-methyl-17-(1-oxopropoxy)-
beclomethasone dipropionate impurity h [ep impurity]
9-chloro-11b,17,21-trihydroxy-16b-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17-monopropionate
SCHEMBL102219
1,4-pregnadien-9-alpha-chloro-16-beta-methyl-11-beta, 17,21-triol-3,20-dione17-propionate
DTXSID20203899 ,
AKOS030254508
beclometasone 17-propionate
(9r,10s,11s,13s,14s,16s,17r)-9-chloro-11-hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-3-oxo-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl propionate
DB14221
HY-136239
CS-0120927
Q27261789
(11beta,16beta)-9-chloro-11,21-dihydroxy-16-methyl-17-(1-oxopropoxy)-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
9-chloro-11beta,21-dihydroxy-16beta-methyl-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-17-yl propanoate
beclomethasone dipropionate impurity h (ep impurity)
dtxcid00126390

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The log-transformed pharmacokinetic data were compared for proportionality equivalence using a confidence-interval approach."( Pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone 17-monopropionate from a beclomethasone dipropionate extrafine aerosol in adults with asthma.
Ekholm, BP; Harrison, LI; Kaiser, HB; Kurup, S; Larson, JS; Wagner, C, 2002)		0.64
" Due to low levels, neither elimination half-life ( t(1/2)) nor the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for 17-BMP could be calculated for the 100-microg BDP doses."( Pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone 17-monopropionate from a beclomethasone dipropionate extrafine aerosol in adults with asthma.
Ekholm, BP; Harrison, LI; Kaiser, HB; Kurup, S; Larson, JS; Wagner, C, 2002)		0.64
"We set out to evaluate lung deposition, systemic availability, and basic pharmacokinetic parameters of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in children with chronic asthma."( Influence of particle size on lung deposition and pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone dipropionate in children.
Agertoft, L; Harrison, LI; Laulund, LW; Pedersen, S, 2003)		0.32
"Urinary pharmacokinetic methods have been identified to determine the relative lung and systemic bioavailability after an inhalation."( Urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung bioavailability of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate.
Chrystyn, H; Harding, LP; Said, AS, 2012)		0.38
"The urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung and systemic bioavailability post inhalation, using 30 min and cumulative 24 h post inhalation samples, applies to BDP."( Urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung bioavailability of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate.
Chrystyn, H; Harding, LP; Said, AS, 2012)		0.38
"Open-label, prospective, randomized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in healthy volunteers."( Influence of low-dose ritonavir with and without darunavir on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled beclomethasone.
Alfaro, RM; Boyd, SD; Calderon, MM; Chairez, C; Hadigan, C; Kovacs, JA; McManus, M; Nieman, LK; Pau, AK; Penzak, SR, 2013)		0.39
" Pharmacokinetic sampling for 17-BMP was performed on days 14 and 28, and pharmacokinetic parameter values were compared within patients and between groups."( Influence of low-dose ritonavir with and without darunavir on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled beclomethasone.
Alfaro, RM; Boyd, SD; Calderon, MM; Chairez, C; Hadigan, C; Kovacs, JA; McManus, M; Nieman, LK; Pau, AK; Penzak, SR, 2013)		0.39
" This pharmacokinetic study compared systemic exposure following beclomethasone dipropionate delivery through BAI versus MDI."( Pharmacokinetics of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Delivered by Breath-Actuated Inhaler and Metered-Dose Inhaler in Healthy Subjects.
Gillespie, M; Small, CJ, 2018)		0.48
" Mean elimination half-life was ∼4 hours."( Pharmacokinetics of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Delivered by Breath-Actuated Inhaler and Metered-Dose Inhaler in Healthy Subjects.
Gillespie, M; Small, CJ, 2018)		0.48

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The mean absolute bioavailability (%F, 90% CI; nominal doses) of inhaled BDP was 2% (1-4%) and not reduced by coadministration of charcoal."( Beclomethasone dipropionate: absolute bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravenous, oral, intranasal and inhaled administration in man.
Daley-Yates, PT; Dallow, N; Pereira, A; Price, AC; Sisson, JR, 2001)		0.31
"Unchanged BDP has negligible oral and intranasal bioavailability with limited absorption following inhaled dosing due to extensive (95%) presystemic conversion of BDP to B-17-MP in the lung."( Beclomethasone dipropionate: absolute bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravenous, oral, intranasal and inhaled administration in man.
Daley-Yates, PT; Dallow, N; Pereira, A; Price, AC; Sisson, JR, 2001)		0.31
" The estimated bioavailability of BDP from the GI tract was 68%."( Influence of particle size on lung deposition and pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone dipropionate in children.
Agertoft, L; Harrison, LI; Laulund, LW; Pedersen, S, 2003)		0.32
" The aim of the study was to evaluate the pulmonary bioavailability for inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) aerosols of different particle sizes."( Pharmacokinetics of inhaled monodisperse beclomethasone as a function of particle size.
Esposito-Festen, JE; Lammers, JW; Tiddens, HA; Zanen, P, 2007)		0.34
"Urinary pharmacokinetic methods have been identified to determine the relative lung and systemic bioavailability after an inhalation."( Urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung bioavailability of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate.
Chrystyn, H; Harding, LP; Said, AS, 2012)		0.38
"The urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung and systemic bioavailability post inhalation, using 30 min and cumulative 24 h post inhalation samples, applies to BDP."( Urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung bioavailability of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate.
Chrystyn, H; Harding, LP; Said, AS, 2012)		0.38
" Using a previously developed urinary pharmacokinetic method, we have measured the relative lung and systemic bioavailability of beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) after inhalation from 2 hydrofluroalkane-beclometasone dipropionate (HFA-BDP) formulations when used with a spacer."( Bioavailability of Beclometasone From Two HFA-BDP Formulations With a Spacer.
AbuRuz, S; Chrystyn, H; Said, AS, 2019)		0.51

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The contribution of the lung, nose and gut to the systemic exposure was assessed by repeating the inhaled, intranasal and oral dosing arms together with activated charcoal, to block oral absorption."( Beclomethasone dipropionate: absolute bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravenous, oral, intranasal and inhaled administration in man.
Daley-Yates, PT; Dallow, N; Pereira, A; Price, AC; Sisson, JR, 2001)		0.31
" The mean percentage F of the active metabolite B-17-MP was 41% (31-54%), 44% (34-58%) and 62% (47-82%) for oral, intranasal and inhaled dosing without charcoal, respectively."( Beclomethasone dipropionate: absolute bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravenous, oral, intranasal and inhaled administration in man.
Daley-Yates, PT; Dallow, N; Pereira, A; Price, AC; Sisson, JR, 2001)		0.31
"Unchanged BDP has negligible oral and intranasal bioavailability with limited absorption following inhaled dosing due to extensive (95%) presystemic conversion of BDP to B-17-MP in the lung."( Beclomethasone dipropionate: absolute bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravenous, oral, intranasal and inhaled administration in man.
Daley-Yates, PT; Dallow, N; Pereira, A; Price, AC; Sisson, JR, 2001)		0.31
" Delivery of a potent glucocorticoid such as 17-BMP to the pulmonary artery after oral dosing of BDP may be useful in modulating pulmonary inflammation and preventing the development of non-infectious pulmonary complications after allogeneic HCT."( Influence of oral beclomethasone dipropionate on early non-infectious pulmonary outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: results from two randomized trials.
Chien, JW; Gooley, TA; McDonald, GB; Sakai, M; Schoch, HG, 2010)		0.36
" Post oral dosing no BDP was detected in all urine samples and no 17-BMP or BOH was excreted in the first 30 min."( Urinary pharmacokinetic methodology to determine the relative lung bioavailability of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate.
Chrystyn, H; Harding, LP; Said, AS, 2012)		0.38
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (2)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID90104Potency relative to fluocinolone 16,17-acetonide in the human vasoconstictor test1983Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships in the antiinflammatory steroids: a pattern-recognition approach.
AID91225Antiinflammatory activity measured by using McKenzie-Stoughton human vasoconstrictor assay; Potent1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Computer-aided studies of the structure-activity relationships between the structure of some steroids and their antiinflammatory activity.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (25)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (8.00)18.7374
1990's4 (16.00)18.2507
2000's10 (40.00)29.6817
2010's9 (36.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 18.95

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index18.95 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.56 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.88 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index15.26 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (18.95)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials9 (36.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (4.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other15 (60.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.3720cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		1.9610corticosteroid hormone
corticosterone
[no description available]		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		3.15011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate
prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer		2.3720corticosteroid hormone
paramethasone
Paramethasone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than HYDROCORTISONE with supplementary FLUDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p737)		2.3720fluorinated steroid
fluprednisolone
Fluprednisolone: A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties.		2.3720fluorinated steroid
fluocinolone acetonide
Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.		2.894011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		2.37206-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		2.0410pyrrolidin-2-ones
fluocortolone
Fluocortolone: A glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity used topically for various skin disorders.		2.372021-hydroxy steroid
fluocinonide
Fluocinonide: A topical glucocorticoid used in the treatment of ECZEMA.		2.3720organic molecular entity
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
flurandrenolone
Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)		2.372021-hydroxy steroid
flumethasone
Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.		1.961011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate
Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid ester		anti-inflammatory drug
beclomethasone dipropionate
beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
enone;
glucocorticoid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate
[no description available]		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		antipsoriatic
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate
cortisol 17-butyrate : Cortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.		2.3720butyrate ester;
cortisol ester;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		dermatologic drug;
drug allergen
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
clobetasol propionate
Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid		anti-inflammatory drug
apaflurane
[no description available]		4.1431
prednisolone phosphate
prednisolone phosphate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone phosphate : A synthetic glucocorticoid resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group of prednisolone with one of the hydroxy groups of phosphoric acid. It is a prodrug for prednisolone that is activated in vivo by phosphatases.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
steroid phosphate;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
glucocorticoid receptor agonist;
prodrug
flunisolide
flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones		2.392011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		2.0410macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
nisone
Nisone: RN given refers to parent cpd		1.961011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
fluocinolone
[no description available]		1.9610fluorinated steroid
diflucortolone valerate
diflucortolone valerate: Rn given refers to (6alpha,11beta,16alpha)-isomer		2.3720corticosteroid hormone
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		3.4711carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
cortisone
[no description available]		1.961011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fludrocortisone acetate
fludrocortisone acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the primary hydroxy group of fludrocortisone with acetic acid. A synthetic corticosteroid, it has glucocorticoid actions about 10 times as potent as hydrocortisone, while its mineralocorticoid actions are over 100 times as potent. It is used in partial replacement therapy for primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in Addison's disease and for the treatment of salt-losing adrenal hyperplasia.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
fluorinated steroid;
mineralocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
epinastine
dexamethasone acetate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer		2.3720corticosteroid hormone
medrysone
[no description available]		2.3720corticosteroid hormone
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		3.47111,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
difluprednate
difluprednate: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta)-isomer		2.3720butyrate ester;
corticosteroid hormone
halcinonide
Halcinonide: A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of DERMATITIS; ECZEMA; or PSORIASIS. It may cause skin irritation.		2.3720organic molecular entitySMO receptor agonist
betamethasone acetate
[no description available]		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
fluorinated steroid;
steroid ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
flumethasone pivalate
flumethasone pivalate: structure		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
pivalate ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
nadp
[no description available]		210
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		2.442011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
desonide
Desonide: A nonfluorinated corticosteroid anti-inflammatory agent used topically for DERMATOSES.. desonide : Triamcinolone acetonide with hydrogen instead of the fluorine substituent at position 9. A corticosteroid anti-inflammatory, it is used topically as a cream, ointment or lotion for the treatment of various skin disorders.		2.372011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
corticosteroid;
cyclic ketal;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
fluticasone
Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.		21011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
thioester		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug
(9R)-9-chloro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxy-1-oxoethyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
Beclomethasone: An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of ASTHMA.. beclomethasone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is prednisolone in which the hydrogens at the 9alpha and 16beta positions are substituted by a chlorine and a methyl group, respectively.		7.8423921-hydroxy steroid
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Granulomas
[description not available]		01.9610
Granuloma
A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.		01.9610
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		03.4711
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		03.4711
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic
[description not available]		02.0810
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.		02.0810
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
[description not available]		03.4411
Disease, Pulmonary
[description not available]		03.4411
Fungal Lung Diseases
[description not available]		03.4411
Graft vs Host Disease
The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.		03.4411
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.		03.4411
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		04.3722
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		09.3722
Bronchiolitis, Exudative
[description not available]		02.0410
Bronchiolitis Obliterans
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens. Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.		02.0410
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