Compounds > basic blue 3
Page last updated: 2024-12-07

basic blue 3

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Description

Basic Blue 3, also known as Methyl Blue, is a triarylmethane dye with a deep blue color. It is a synthetic dye used in a variety of applications, including microscopy, histology, and textile dyeing. Its synthesis involves a condensation reaction between dimethylaniline and benzaldehyde in the presence of an oxidizing agent, such as copper chloride. Basic Blue 3 is known to be cytotoxic to cells, potentially due to its interaction with DNA. Its ability to bind to nucleic acids has made it a useful tool in molecular biology research, particularly in studying DNA structure and function. While it is used in various fields, concerns exist regarding its potential toxicity and environmental impact. Research efforts focus on investigating its potential applications in areas like bioimaging and nanotechnology, alongside efforts to understand its environmental fate and toxicity.'

Basic Blue 3: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID118408
CHEMBL ID389921
SCHEMBL ID2854081
MeSH IDM0522562

Synonyms (35)

Synonym
nsc-409100
7-(n,n-diethyliminium chloride
nsc-367084
phenoxazin-5-ium,7-bis(diethylamino)-, chloride
nsc367084
nsc409100
33203-82-6
basic blue 3, dye content 25 %
ccris 2449
nsc 409100
ethanaminium, n-(7-(diethylamino)-3h-phenoxazin-3-ylidene)-n-ethyl-, chloride
c.i. basic blue 3
phenoxazin-5-ium, 3,7-bis(diethylamino)-, chloride
3,7-bis(diethylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium chloride
7-(n,n-diethylamino)phenoxazine-3-n,n-diethyliminium chloride
einecs 251-403-5
basic blue 3
CHEMBL389921
phenoxazin-5-ium, 3,7-bis(diethylamino)-, chloride (1:1)
c.i. 51004 basic blue 3
bb 3 dye
unii-h82l80329y
h82l80329y ,
55840-82-9
AKOS015894697
3,7-bis(diethylamino)phenoxazonium chloride
basic blue 3 [inci]
lowacryl blue 3
diethyl(7-diethylamino-3h-phenoxazin-3-ylidene)ammonium chloride
ammonium, (7-(diethylamino)-3h-phenoxazin-3-ylidene)diethyl-, chloride
SCHEMBL2854081
J-019081
DTXSID30873926
[7-(diethylamino)phenoxazin-3-ylidene]-diethylazanium;chloride
Q27279744

Research Excerpts

Overview

Basic blue 3 is a promising anti-malarial lead compound. It is based on the π-delocalized lipophilic cation hypothesis.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Basic blue 3 is a promising anti-malarial lead compound based on the π-delocalized lipophilic cation hypothesis. "( In vitro and in vivo characterization of anti-malarial acylphenoxazine derivatives prepared from basic blue 3.
Horii, T; Horiuchi, M; Hosoi, M; Ihara, M; Ikegami-Kawai, M; Mori, S; Takahashi, K; Tougan, T; Tsubuki, M, 2019)		2.17
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (39)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID404371Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K12008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286735Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 100 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal after 1 day2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286736AUC (0-480 mins) in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, iv2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286720Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404375Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB9002008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286732Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 100 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404378Selectivity index, Ratio of IC50 for rat L6 cells to IC50 for Leishmania donovani MHOM-ET-67/L82 axenic amastigotes2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286738Half life in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, iv2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286722Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia on 25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286712Ratio of EC50 for rat L6 cells to EC50 for Plasmodium falciparum K12007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286719Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286718Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia after 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose on day 42007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404376Selectivity index, Ratio of IC50 for rat L6 cells to IC50 for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB9002008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286741Oral bioavailability in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, po2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286739Half life in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, po2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286713Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia at 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose on day 42007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286733Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 12 times of 30 mg/kg/8hrs, intraperitoneal2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286724Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia at 90 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286734Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 12 times of 15 mg/kg/8hrs, intraperitoneal2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286723Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia at 50 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404377Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani MHOM-ET-67/L82 axenic amastigotes2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID404373Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C42008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286726Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia after 12 intraperitoneal doses of 30 mg/kg/8hrs2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286717Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia after 2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose on day 42007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286729Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 25 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286728Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia on day 4 after 1 day at 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286715Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286716Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286711Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 after 48 hrs2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404379Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286727Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia after 12 doses of 15 mg/kg/8hrs2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID404374Selectivity index, Ratio of IC50 for rat L6 cells to IC50 for Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C42008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID404372Selectivity index, Ratio of IC50 for rat L6 cells to IC50 for Plasmodium falciparum K12008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of water-soluble, inexpensive 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenoxazin-5-ium derivatives.
AID286714Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia on 2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose on day 42007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286730Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 50 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286737AUC (0-480 mins) in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, po2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286731Effect on survival of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) assessed as mean survival days at 90 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286725Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected ICR mice (Mus musculus) as reduced parasitaemia at 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose after 4 days2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
AID286740Cmax in Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, po2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
Synthesis and antimalarial property of orally active phenoxazinium salts.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (8)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's4 (50.00)29.6817
2010's3 (37.50)24.3611
2020's1 (12.50)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 25.76

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index25.76 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.20 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.63 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index26.67 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (25.76)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other8 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.4420aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		2.0410phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
melarsoprol
Melarsoprol: Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.		2.0410triazines
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		2.0410furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
titanium
Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.		2.0510titanium group element atom
titanium dioxide
titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.		2.0510titanium oxidesfood colouring
benzonidazole
benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.		2.0410C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antiprotozoal drug
chitosan
[no description available]		7.0410
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Infections, Plasmodium
[description not available]		02.0310
Malaria
A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.		02.0310