Compounds > 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide
Page last updated: 2024-11-06

5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide, also known as Dacarbazine, is an antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of various cancers, including melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. It is a synthetic alkylating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis by interfering with the formation of purine nucleotides. Dacarbazine is typically administered intravenously and its mechanism of action involves the formation of reactive intermediates that alkylate DNA, leading to cell death. Studies on Dacarbazine have focused on its efficacy in combination therapy with other chemotherapeutic agents, its role in overcoming drug resistance, and its potential for personalized cancer treatment based on tumor genotype. Its importance lies in its ability to effectively target rapidly dividing cancer cells while exhibiting a tolerable toxicity profile. Research on Dacarbazine continues to explore its potential applications in new treatment regimens and its mechanisms of action, aiming to optimize its therapeutic benefit for cancer patients.'

5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

MTIC : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is dacarbazine in which one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydrogen. It is the active metabolite of dacarbazine, and is also produced by spontaneous hydrolysis of temozolomide in the body. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID76953
CHEMBL ID1442
CHEBI ID72568
SCHEMBL ID826375
SCHEMBL ID12081646
SCHEMBL ID22757309
MeSH IDM0055598

Synonyms (39)

Synonym
pyy6h17xiv ,
unii-pyy6h17xiv
imidazole-4-carboxamide, 5-(3'-methyl-1'-triazeno)-
imidazole-4(or 5)-carboxamide, 5(or 4)-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)-
nsc 407347
3413-72-7
5-(3-monomethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide
1h-imidazole-4-carboxamide, 5-(3-methyl-1-triazenyl)-
nsc407347
mtic
5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide
5-monomethyltriazenoimidazole-4-carboxamide
nsc-407347
imidazole-4-carboxamide, 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)-
wln: t5m cnj dvz enunm1
chebi:72568 ,
CHEMBL1442
(5e)-5-(methylaminohydrazinylidene)imidazole-4-carboxamide
AKOS006279594
5-(3-methyltriaz-1-en-1-yl)-1h-imidazole-4-carboxamide
FT-0672554
5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-carboxamide
SCHEMBL826375
SCHEMBL12081646
FD10604
AC-28361
AKOS030241309
4-(2-methyliminohydrazinyl)-1h-imidazole-5-carboxamide
J-019463
Q27139995
(e)-5-(3-methyltriaz-1-en-1-yl)-1h-imidazole-4-carboxamide
mfcd01721692
5-(3-methyltriaz-2-en-1-yl)-1h-imidazole-4-carboxamide
DTXSID40955666
AS-55816
HY-119696
SCHEMBL22757309
CS-0077825
AKOS040754767

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Statistical analyses of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic end points in the control and TNP-470 treatment groups were completed by nonparametric tests."( Pharmacodynamic-mediated reduction of temozolomide tumor concentrations by the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470.
Chu, J; Gallo, JM; Li, S; Ma, J; Pulfer, S; Reed, K, 2001)		0.31
"To construct a population pharmacokinetic model for temozolomide (TMZ), a novel imidazo-tetrazine methylating agent and its metabolites MTIC and AIC in infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors."( Population pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and metabolites in infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors.
Fouladi, M; Gajjar, A; Heideman, RL; Kirstein, MN; Nair, G; Panetta, JC; Stewart, CF; Wilkinson, M, 2003)		0.32
"We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of TMZ and MTIC in 39 children (20 boys and 19 girls) with 132 pharmacokinetic studies (109 in the training set and 23 in the validation set)."( Population pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and metabolites in infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors.
Fouladi, M; Gajjar, A; Heideman, RL; Kirstein, MN; Nair, G; Panetta, JC; Stewart, CF; Wilkinson, M, 2003)		0.32
"To develop a pharmacokinetic limited sampling model (LSM) for temozolomide and its metabolite MTIC in infants and children."( Development of a pharmacokinetic limited sampling model for temozolomide and its active metabolite MTIC.
Freeman, BB; Gajjar, A; Iacono, LC; Kirstein, MN; Nair, G; Panetta, JC; Stewart, CF, 2005)		0.33
" This accounted for prior distribution of temozolomide and MTIC pharmacokinetic parameters based on full pharmacokinetic sampling from 38 patients with 120 pharmacokinetic studies (dosage range 145-200 mg/m(2) per day orally)."( Development of a pharmacokinetic limited sampling model for temozolomide and its active metabolite MTIC.
Freeman, BB; Gajjar, A; Iacono, LC; Kirstein, MN; Nair, G; Panetta, JC; Stewart, CF, 2005)		0.33
"The pharmacokinetic and safety profile of TMZ in Japanese patients was comparable to that in Caucasians."( Pharmacokinetic study of temozolomide on a daily-for-5-days schedule in Japanese patients with relapsed malignant gliomas: first study in Asians.
Adachi, J; Aoki, T; Matsutani, M; Mishima, K; Mizutani, T; Nishikawa, R; Nojima, K, 2007)		0.34

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The activity of temozolomide combined with irinotecan (CPT-11) was evaluated against eight independent xenografts (four neuroblastomas, three rhabdomyosarcomas, and one glioblastoma)."( Antitumor activity of temozolomide combined with irinotecan is partly independent of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and mismatch repair phenotypes in xenograft models.
Brent, TP; Cheshire, PJ; Friedman, HS; Houghton, PJ; Kirstein, MN; Poquette, CA; Richmond, LB; Stewart, CF; Tan, M, 2000)		0.31

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" However, its pharmacological activity is reduced due MTIC low bioavailability in the brain."( Biophysical interaction of temozolomide and its active metabolite with biomembrane models: The relevance of drug-membrane interaction for Glioblastoma Multiforme therapy.
Andrade, S; Coelho, MÁN; Loureiro, JA; Pereira, MC; Ramalho, MJ, 2019)		0.51

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Unlike other methylation-resistant cell types, the neuroblastomas showed an initial decline in the MTIC dose-response profile for cell survival followed by a plateau at higher doses."( Sensitivity of human neuroblastoma to activated dacarbazine: relationships between cell survival, methyltransferase activity and activation of adenovirus-5.
Lihou, MG; Parsons, PG; Smith, PJ, 1988)		0.27
" One day after the last dose of vehicle or TNP-470, a steady-state dosing regimen of TMZ was administered with subsequent collection and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of plasma and either tumor homogenate or tumor microdialysis steady-state TMZ concentrations, and in some cases [5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-carboximide] MTIC, its active metabolite."( Pharmacodynamic-mediated reduction of temozolomide tumor concentrations by the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470.
Chu, J; Gallo, JM; Li, S; Ma, J; Pulfer, S; Reed, K, 2001)		0.31
" Alternate temozolomide dosing schedules such as continuous daily administration may enhance antitumor activity through sustained depletion of the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase."( Temozolomide in patients with advanced cancer: phase I and pharmacokinetic study.
Baker, SD; Batra, VK; Cutler, DL; Donehower, RC; Rudek, MA; Statkevich, P, 2004)		0.32
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (2)

RoleDescription
alkylating agentHighly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases.
antineoplastic agentA substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (3)

ClassDescription
monocarboxylic acid amideA carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid.
imidazolesA five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton.
triazene derivativeA nitrogen molecular entity resulting from the formal substitution of one or more of the hydrogens of triazene.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (9)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID211835Concentration of compound causing 90% cell death against L1210 Murine Leukemia cells1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26
Resistance-modifying agents. 5. Synthesis and biological properties of quinazolinone inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).
AID165776In vitro cytotoxicity against Raji cell line1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-28, Volume: 38, Issue:9
Antitumor imidazotetrazines. 32. Synthesis of novel imidazotetrazinones and related bicyclic heterocycles to probe the mode of action of the antitumor drug temozolomide.
AID231797Ratio of cytotoxicity against Raji cells to that of GM892 A cells.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-28, Volume: 38, Issue:9
Antitumor imidazotetrazines. 32. Synthesis of novel imidazotetrazinones and related bicyclic heterocycles to probe the mode of action of the antitumor drug temozolomide.
AID1416898Growth inhibition of vehicle-transfected human SNB19 cells after 7 days by MTT assay
AID73183In vitro cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid cell (GM892 A)1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-28, Volume: 38, Issue:9
Antitumor imidazotetrazines. 32. Synthesis of novel imidazotetrazinones and related bicyclic heterocycles to probe the mode of action of the antitumor drug temozolomide.
AID282487Half life of hydrolysis in deuterated phosphate buffer at pD 7.82004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27
Synthesis and antitumor activity of methyltriazene prodrugs simultaneously releasing DNA-methylating agents and the antiresistance drug O(6)-benzylguanine.
AID1416901Growth inhibition of MGMT-transfected human U373 cells expressing MGMT after 7 days by MTT assay
AID1416899Growth inhibition of MGMT-transfected human SNB19 cells expressing MGMT after 7 days by MTT assay
AID1416900Growth inhibition of vehicle-transfected human U373 cells after 7 days by MTT assay
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (35)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199011 (31.43)18.7374
1990's11 (31.43)18.2507
2000's10 (28.57)29.6817
2010's3 (8.57)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.54

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index10.54 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.71 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.25 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (10.54)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials5 (14.29%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (2.86%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other29 (82.86%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
3-aminobenzamide
[no description available]		1.9910benzamides;
substituted aniline		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
theophylline
[no description available]		1.9610dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		1.9610one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
temozolomide
[no description available]		9.57205imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
thymidine
[no description available]		1.9610pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.420azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
aminoimidazole carboxamide
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4.		3.3811aminoimidazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide		mouse metabolite
isocarbostyril
isoquinolinone : An isoquinoline containing one or more oxo groups.		1.9910isoquinolines
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		1.9610pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		4.430delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
irinotecan
[no description available]		4.430carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
mitozolomide
mitozolomide: RN & structure given in first source		1.9810
3-methyl-1-phenyltriazene
[no description available]		1.9610
3-acetamidobenzamide
3-acetamidobenzamide: inhibitor of ADP-ribosyltransferase		6.9710
ethazolastone
ethazolastone: structure given in first source		1.9810
methotrexate
[no description available]		1.9610dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
3,4-dihydro-5-methyl-1(2h)-isoquinolinone
3,4-dihydro-5-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone: structure given in first source		1.9910isoquinolines
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.		210carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor;
retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		210
cystine
[no description available]		1.9710
bilirubin
[no description available]		4.3211biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).		2.21101,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine;
phosphatidylcholine 28:0;
tetradecanoate ester		antigen;
mouse metabolite
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		1.9710cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		1.9710organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		1.9710ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
nu 1025
NU 1064: structure in first source		2.420phenols;
quinazolines		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
deoxyguanosine
[no description available]		1.9610purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		15.12365dacarbazine
5-(3-hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide
5-(3-hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide: metabolite of dacarbazine; structure in first source		9.4750aromatic amide;
heteroarene
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Leukemia L 1210
[description not available]		02.420
Complications, Neoplastic Pregnancy
[description not available]		02.1710
Granuloma, Hodgkin
[description not available]		02.1710
Hodgkin Disease
A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.		02.1710
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		02.1710
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		06.39100
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		06.39100
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		08.03121
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		08.03121
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		06.1243
Thrombopenia
[description not available]		04.3211
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		06.1243
Neutropenia
A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.		04.3211
Thrombocytopenia
A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.		04.3211
Central Nervous System Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.4111
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.		03.4111
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		02.0310
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		02.0310
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		02.0310
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		02.6630
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		02.6630
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		01.9810
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		01.9810
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		03.3220
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)		06.56110
Rhabdomyosarcoma
A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)		06.48100
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		04.8440
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		04.8440