| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
4-aminobutyraldehyde
4-aminobutanal : An omega-aminoaldehyde that is butanal in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by an amino group. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | aminobutanal;
omega-aminoaldehyde | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule |
ammonium hydroxide
azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | azane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
nucleophilic reagent;
refrigerant |
beta-alanine
[no description available] | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
beta-amino acid | agonist;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
inhibitor;
neurotransmitter |
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
betaine aldehyde
betaine aldehyde : A quaternary ammonium ion that is nitrogen substituted by three methyl groups and a 2-oxoethyl group. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of amino acids like glycine, serine and threonine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | Aspergillus metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite |
butyraldehyde
[no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | butanals | biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
choline
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cholines | allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
dihydroxyacetone
[no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ketotriose;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antifungal agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
glycine
[no description available] | 2.92 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical |
putrescine
[no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite |
spermidine
[no description available] | 3.81 | 3 | 0 | polyazaalkane;
triamine | autophagy inducer;
fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector |
spermine
[no description available] | 5.26 | 6 | 0 | polyazaalkane;
tetramine | antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent |
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | | |
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC. | 2.94 | 1 | 0 | primary amine | |
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE. | 3.44 | 1 | 1 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
acetonitrile
acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
polar aprotic solvent |
pantothenic acid
Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | pantothenic acid;
vitamin B5 | antidote to curare poisoning;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite |
acrolein
[no description available] | 5.3 | 6 | 0 | enal | herbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
toxin |
ethyl acetate
ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound | EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
nitroblue tetrazolium
Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | |
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite |
ammonium chloride
Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ammonium salt;
inorganic chloride | ferroptosis inhibitor |
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzenes;
phenyl acetates | |
acridine orange
Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.. acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively.. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | aminoacridines;
aromatic amine;
tertiary amino compound | fluorochrome;
histological dye |
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide | anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor |
fructose-6-phosphate
fructose-6-phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. fructose 6-phosphate : A ketohexose monophosphate consisting of fructose having a phosphate group located at the 6-position. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | D-fructose 6-phosphate | |
diacetyldichlorofluorescein
diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | | |
n,n'-bis(3-propionaldehyde)-1,4-diaminobutane
N,N'-bis(3-propionaldehyde)-1,4-diaminobutane: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde | |
sodium borohydride
sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt;
metal tetrahydridoborate | |
pepstatin
pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | pentapeptide;
secondary carboxamide | bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor |
tetramethylrhodamine
tetramethylrhodamine: RN given refers to perchlorate; structure | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | xanthene dye | |
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
hypoxanthine
[no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase | fundamental metabolite |