25-deacetylrifampicin

Description

25-deacetylrifampicin: main metabolite of rifampin in biological fluids; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	135889898
MeSH ID	M0101133

Synonyms (7)

Synonym
16783-99-6
25-deacetylrifampicin
25-o-deacetyl-3-[(e)-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)imino]methyl]rifamycin
25-desacetylrifampin
25-desacetyl rifampicin
J-010398
Q27284245

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference
" The same applies to the Cmax value (1."	( Pharmacokinetic studies of rifampicin in the elderly. Advenier, C; Bidet, D; Gobert, C; Houin, G; Richelet, S; Tillement, JP, 1983)
" Pharmacokinetic variables for rifampin determined using the HPLC method were comparable to variables reported from earlier studies utilizing a microbiological assay."	( Pharmacokinetics of single intravenous and single and multiple dose oral administration of rifampin in mares. Kohn, CW; Kowalski, JJ; Powers, J; Sams, R; Wallace, S, 1993)
"In the bioavailability studies with drugs biotransformed to biologically active metabolities only the concentrations of the parent drug (PD) are usually taken into account even when the pharmacokinetic data on the metabolite(s) (M) are available."	( [Correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters of rifampicin and its biologically active metabolite as related to estimation of the relative bioavailability of the antibiotic]. Dombrovskiĭ, VS; Firsov, AA; Gagaeva, EV; Kadenatsi, IB; Strachunskiĭ, LS, 1996)

Bioavailability

Excerpt	Reference
" The bioavailability of the active, orally administered rifampicin decreased from 93% after the first single oral dose to 68% after 3 weeks of oral and intravenous rifampicin therapy."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous rifampicin during chronic administration. Eichelbaum, M; Jensen, JC; Loos, U; Mikus, G; Musch, E; Schwabe, HK, 1985)
"In the bioavailability studies with drugs biotransformed to biologically active metabolities only the concentrations of the parent drug (PD) are usually taken into account even when the pharmacokinetic data on the metabolite(s) (M) are available."	( [Correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters of rifampicin and its biologically active metabolite as related to estimation of the relative bioavailability of the antibiotic]. Dombrovskiĭ, VS; Firsov, AA; Gagaeva, EV; Kadenatsi, IB; Strachunskiĭ, LS, 1996)
"To evaluate the comparative bioavailability of antituberculosis drugs in FDC formulations and the same doses in separate formulations of antituberculosis drugs, using a simplified protocol developed by the World Health Organization (WHO)."	( The WHO simplified study protocol in practice: investigation of combined formulations supplied by the WHO. Kaul, CL; Kaur, KJ; Panchagnula, R; Singh, I, 1999)

Dosage Studied

Excerpt	Reference
" Simulation of plasma concentrations after different dosage regimens shows that a double rate of infusion--20 mg min-1 during 1 h and then 200 mg h-1--allows plasma concentrations to be quickly reached and maintained at a 20 mg L-1 level, far higher than the minimum inhibitory concentrations of most germs."	( Pharmacokinetics of rifampicin and desacetylrifampicin in tuberculous patients after different rates of infusion. Beucler, A; Brioude, R; Houin, G; Lafaix, C; Richelet, S; Tillement, JP, 1983)
" administration, we concur with the current dosage recommendation of 10 mg/kg twice a day by mouth."	( Pharmacokinetics of single intravenous and single and multiple dose oral administration of rifampin in mares. Kohn, CW; Kowalski, JJ; Powers, J; Sams, R; Wallace, S, 1993)
" More research is needed to determine well-founded dosing guidelines."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous rifampicin (rifampin) in neonates. Degraeuwe, PL; Neef, C; Pullen, J; Stolk, LM; van Tiel, FH; Zimmermann, LJ, 2006)
" We determined peak concentration ranges for each drug and acetylisoniazid/isoniazid and 25-desacetylrifampicin/rifampicin ratios by analyzing 2-h post-dose samples in patients treated with standard dosing as a first-line treatment."	( Simultaneous determination of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and their major metabolic ratios by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Jun, SH; Kim, JQ; Lee, JH; Park, KU; Song, J; Song, SH; Yoon, Y, 2007)

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (29)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	13 (44.83)	18.7374
1990's	7 (24.14)	18.2507
2000's	4 (13.79)	29.6817
2010's	5 (17.24)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	5 (16.67%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (3.33%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	24 (80.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	4.06	3	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyrazinoic acid pyrazinoic acid: active metabolite of pyrazinamide; structure. pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid : The parent compound of the class of pyrazinecarboxylic acids, that is pyrazine bearing a single carboxy substituent. The active metabolite of the antitubercular drug pyrazinamide.	1.96	1	0	pyrazinecarboxylic acid	antitubercular agent; drug metabolite
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	5.44	8	2	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	1.97	1	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	4.34	2	2	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	2.03	1	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
streptomycin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
acetylisoniazid acetylisoniazid: Antitubercular Agent. N'-acetylisoniazid : A carbohydrazide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of isonicotinic acid with hydrazine and subsequent acetylation of the monosubstituted nitrogen atom.	4.63	6	1	carbohydrazide	metabolite
14-hydroxyclarithromycin 14-hydroxyclarithromycin: major metabolite of A 56268; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	4.14	3	1	aminoglycoside
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	4.14	3	1	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
3-formylrifamycin sv [no description available]	3.76	2	1
bilirubin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
rifamycins [no description available]	3.76	2	1
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	12.47	29	5	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	4.61	6	1
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	4.61	6	1
Equine Diseases [description not available]	3.45	1	1
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	3.45	1	1
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	3.45	1	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.08	1	0
Koch's Disease [description not available]	3.78	2	1
Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	3.78	2	1

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