Page last updated: 2024-12-06

2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

2,5,2',5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 52) is a highly chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener. It is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been widely used in industrial applications, such as dielectric fluids in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical equipment. PCB 52 is known to be toxic to various organisms, including humans. It can accumulate in the food chain, leading to biomagnification and potential adverse health effects. Studies have shown that PCB 52 can cause a range of health issues, including liver damage, immune system suppression, endocrine disruption, and cancer. Its environmental persistence and toxicity have made it a target for environmental regulations and monitoring. The study of PCB 52 is essential to understand its environmental fate, potential health risks, and to develop strategies for remediation and prevention.'

2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 5 position of each benzene ring are replaced by chlorines. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID37248
CHEMBL ID273933
CHEBI ID34206
SCHEMBL ID440944
MeSH IDM0054063

Synonyms (36)

Synonym
2,2',5,5'-tetrachloro-1,1'-biphenyl
2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
2,3',5,6'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
CHEBI:34206 ,
tcbp
ccris 6155
brn 2053828
2,2',5,5'-tcb
pcb 52
35693-99-3
1,1'-biphenyl, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachloro-
2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
inchi=1/c12h6cl4/c13-7-1-3-11(15)9(5-7)10-6-8(14)2-4-12(10)16/h1-6
2,2 ,5,5 -tetrachlorobiphenyl
pcb-52
1,4-dichloro-2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)benzene
CHEMBL273933
2,5,2',5'-tetrachloro-biphenyl
1eh557950r ,
4-05-00-01818 (beilstein handbook reference)
unii-1eh557950r
pcb no 52
AKOS015902969
SCHEMBL440944
tetrachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',5,5'-
HCWZEPKLWVAEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
DTXSID3038305 ,
2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (iupac no. 52), bcr(r) certified reference material
pcb no 52, analytical standard
pcb no. 52
pcb no. 52 10 microg/ml in isooctane
Q27115903
pcb no. 52 100 microg/ml in hexane
pcb no. 52 100 microg/ml in isooctane
pcb no. 52 50 microg/ml in acetonitrile
dtxcid1018305

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Toxic effects were observed at tissue levels of between 30 and 180 micrograms/g on a wet weight basis, and tissue levels appear to be a better indicator of toxicity than levels in water."( Chronic toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2,5,2',5'- and 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and Aroclor 1242 in the amphipod Hyalella azteca.
Borgmann, U; Norwood, WP; Ralph, KM,
)
0.13
" With dosing regimens developed using these measured pharmacokinetic parameters, experiments were undertaken to compare toxic potency of these two TCBs when similar tissue concentrations of the two isomers were achieved in target and storage tissues."( The pharmacokinetics of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and its relationship to toxicity.
Clevenger, MA; Harbison, RD; James, RC; Lattin, DL; Roberts, SM, 1989
)
0.28
" The toxic response in cells either pretreated with PCB 52 and then treated with GO or concurrently treated with GO and PCB 52 did not differ significantly from the toxic response in the cells treated with PCB 52 alone."( Graphene Oxide Attenuates the Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity of PCB 52 via Activation of Genuine Autophagy.
Chen, S; Dai, H; Deng, Z; Du, H; Hei, TK; Liu, Y; Nie, Y; Wang, J; Wang, M; Wang, X; Wu, L; Xu, A, 2016
)
0.43
"Hepatotoxicity is one of the adverse health effects induced by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)."( PCB28 and PCB52 induce hepatotoxicity by impairing the autophagic flux and stimulating cell apoptosis in vitro.
Wang, Q; Wang, ZT; Wei, LW; Xie, XL; Zhou, WT, 2018
)
0.48

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"A mass-balance study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of dose determinations of waterborne 2,5,2',5'-[14C]tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) made on transected brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and to determine any pharmacokinetic differences between the two species."( Dose determinations for waterborne 2,5,2',5'-[14C]tetrachlorobiphenyl and related pharmacokinetics in two species of trout (Salmo gairdneri and Salvelinus fontinalis): a mass-balance approach.
Heath, EM; McKim, JM, 1983
)
0.27

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"We investigated the bioavailability via diet of spiked benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-52) from different carbonaceous (non-carbonate, carbon containing) particle types to clams (Macoma balthica) collected from San Francisco Bay."( Effects of particulate carbonaceous matter on the bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl to the clam, Macoma balthica.
Allen-King, RM; Luoma, SN; Luthy, RG; McLeod, PB; van den Heuvel-Greve, MJ, 2004
)
0.32
"The bioavailability of coplanar 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and nonplanar 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils representing a range in organic carbon (OC), clay content and pH were investigated using an in vivo rat model and an in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to assess the role of soil and chemical properties on bioavailabilty."( Bioavailability of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils using a rat model and a physiologically based extraction test.
Carlson, GP; Galinsky, RE; Lee, LS; Pu, X, 2006
)
0.33

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model for dietary uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds by fish was used to simulate dosing scenarios commonly encountered in experimental and field studies."( A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for dietary uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds by fish: II. simulation of chronic exposure scenarios.
Fitzsimmons, PN; Nichols, JW; Whiteman, FW, 2004
)
0.32
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
tetrachlorobiphenylAny polychlorobiphenyl with molecular formula C12H6Cl4.
dichlorobenzeneAny member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (1)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID23673Partition coefficient (logP)2002Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-08, Volume: 12, Issue:7
Novel estimation of lipophilic behaviour of polychlorinated biphenyls.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (100)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199014 (14.00)18.7374
1990's20 (20.00)18.2507
2000's31 (31.00)29.6817
2010's33 (33.00)24.3611
2020's2 (2.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 20.78

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index20.78 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.63 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.68 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index18.60 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (20.78)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (0.98%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other101 (99.02%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]