2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid pentyl ester is a chemical compound that is a derivative of quinoline. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme **phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4)**.
**Importance in Research:**
PDE4 is a key enzyme in the regulation of intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). cAMP plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including inflammation, immune responses, and neurotransmission.
By inhibiting PDE4, 2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid pentyl ester increases cAMP levels, leading to a variety of potential therapeutic effects. These effects include:
* **Anti-inflammatory effects:** By increasing cAMP levels, the compound can suppress the production of inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-1β.
* **Neuroprotective effects:** PDE4 inhibition has been shown to protect neurons from damage in various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke.
* **Immunomodulatory effects:** The compound can modulate immune responses by suppressing T-cell activation and promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
**Research Applications:**
2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid pentyl ester is being investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of various diseases, including:
* **Inflammatory diseases:** Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis
* **Neurological disorders:** Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke
* **Asthma and COPD:** By relaxing airway smooth muscles
* **Skin diseases:** Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis
**Note:** This compound is still in the research phase and has not yet been approved for clinical use.
**Overall, 2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid pentyl ester holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent due to its potent and selective inhibition of PDE4. Further research is ongoing to evaluate its safety and efficacy in clinical trials.**
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 54692912 |
| CHEMBL ID | 1311238 |
| CHEBI ID | 109111 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| CCG-200710 |
| (4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-quinolin-3-yl)-acetic acid pentyl ester |
| MLS000031575 |
| smr000009028 |
| CHEBI:109111 |
| AKOS000624716 |
| CHEMBL1311238 |
| AKOS005692538 |
| HMS2308B18 |
| pentyl 2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)acetate |
| 2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1h-quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid pentyl ester |
| Q27188172 |
| SR-01000588887-1 |
| sr-01000588887 |
| BRD-K29200634-001-09-3 |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| hydroxyquinoline | |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 0.7079 | 0.0447 | 17.8581 | 100.0000 | AID485294 |
| Chain A, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 0.0251 | 20.2376 | 39.8107 | AID893 |
| Chain B, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 0.0251 | 20.2376 | 39.8107 | AID893 |
| Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 0.1778 | 14.3909 | 39.8107 | AID2147 |
| ClpP | Bacillus subtilis | Potency | 15.8489 | 1.9953 | 22.6730 | 39.8107 | AID651965 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0112 | 12.4002 | 100.0000 | AID1030 |
| nonstructural protein 1 | Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1)) | Potency | 11.2202 | 0.2818 | 9.7212 | 35.4813 | AID2326 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 79.4328 | 0.0060 | 26.1688 | 89.1251 | AID540317 |
| TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1.7783 | 16.2081 | 35.4813 | AID652104 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| DNA binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| double-stranded DNA binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| RNA binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mRNA 3'-UTR binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| protein binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| lipid binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| identical protein binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| pre-mRNA intronic binding | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| molecular condensate scaffold activity | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| [Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] | ||
| Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| nucleus | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| nucleoplasm | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| perichromatin fibrils | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitochondrion | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| cytoplasmic stress granule | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| nuclear speck | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| interchromatin granule | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| nucleoplasm | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| chromatin | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| [Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] | ||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID504812 | Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID651635 | Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID1745845 | Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID504810 | Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 1 (20.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (60.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (20.00) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (12.56) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 0 (0.00%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 5 (100.00%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||