16-hydroxyprogesterone profile

## 16-Hydroxyprogesterone: A Key Hormone in Research

**16-hydroxyprogesterone (16-OHP)** is a steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and is a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of cortisol. It plays a vital role in various biological processes and is a subject of intense research due to its potential implications in:

**1. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH):**

* **16-OHP deficiency:** This genetic condition prevents the conversion of 16-OHP to cortisol, leading to a build-up of 16-OHP in the body. This results in various health problems like salt wasting, ambiguous genitalia, and premature puberty.
* **16-OHP monitoring:** Measuring 16-OHP levels is crucial for diagnosing and managing CAH. It helps determine the severity of the condition and guide treatment strategies.

**2. Stress Response:**

* **Cortisol precursor:** 16-OHP is a direct precursor to cortisol, the primary stress hormone.
* **Stress regulation:** Understanding how 16-OHP influences cortisol production is critical for comprehending the body's stress response mechanisms.

**3. Pregnancy:**

* **Premature birth:** High 16-OHP levels during pregnancy have been linked to premature births.
* **Fetal development:** Research suggests 16-OHP plays a role in fetal development and might impact growth and lung maturation.

**4. Cancer Research:**

* **Potential anti-cancer properties:** 16-OHP has shown potential anti-proliferative effects in certain cancer cell lines.
* **Metabolic pathways:** Understanding how 16-OHP metabolism is altered in cancer could lead to novel treatment strategies.

**5. Neurological Disorders:**

* **Brain development:** 16-OHP is involved in neurosteroid synthesis and might influence brain function and development.
* **Cognitive function:** Research is exploring the potential link between 16-OHP levels and cognitive decline.

**Research Significance:**

* **Diagnostic tool:** Monitoring 16-OHP levels is a valuable tool for diagnosing and managing various medical conditions.
* **Therapeutic target:** 16-OHP's involvement in various biological processes makes it a potential therapeutic target for treating diseases like CAH, cancer, and neurological disorders.
* **Understanding biological pathways:** Further research on 16-OHP could lead to a deeper understanding of hormonal regulation, stress response, and human development.

**Overall, 16-hydroxyprogesterone is a fascinating hormone with significant implications for human health and disease. Ongoing research is essential to unravel its complex roles and develop potential therapeutic strategies.**

16-hydroxyprogesterone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd without isomeric designation [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	161045
CHEBI ID	166774
SCHEMBL ID	572119
MeSH ID	M0071042

Synonym
14264-44-9
(8s,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyl-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
CHEBI:166774
16-hydroxyprogesterone
16-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
SCHEMBL572119
DTXSID60931563

Class	Description
corticosteroid hormone	Any of a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	11 (47.83)	18.7374
1990's	4 (17.39)	18.2507
2000's	1 (4.35)	29.6817
2010's	7 (30.43)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (4.35%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	22 (95.65%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	1.98	1	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.	2.35	2	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	1.97	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.05	1	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	2.05	1	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	1.97	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	1.93	1	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	3.48	8	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
pregnenolone [no description available]	2.89	4	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 20-alpha-reduced metabolite of PROGESTERONE. It is converted from progesterone to 20-alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by the 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE in the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA.	2.38	2	20-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.	2.4	2	3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid	human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
buserelin Buserelin: A potent synthetic analog of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-serine substitution at residue 6, glycine10 deletion, and other modifications.	1.97	1	oligopeptide
17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone 17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17.	1.96	1	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; hydroxypregnenolone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
11-hydroxyprogesterone 11-hydroxyprogesterone: RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer	2.11	1
5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone 5-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma PROGESTERONE. It is the immediate precursor of 5-alpha-pregnan-3-alpha-ol-20-one (ALLOPREGNANOLONE), a neuroactive steroid that binds with GABA(A) RECEPTOR.. 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione : A C21-steroid hormone that is 5alpha-pregnane substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. It is a metabolite of progestrone.	2	1	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid; C21-steroid hormone	human metabolite; progestogen
21-deoxycortisol 21-deoxycortisol: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; structure. 21-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.	2.11	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; deoxycortisol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite
16-dehydroprogesterone [no description available]	1.96	1	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone
4-androstene-3,17-diol 4-androstene-3,17-diol: RN given refers to (3alpha,17beta)-isomer	1.96	1	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.	2.11	1	corticosteroid hormone
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	2.11	1	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	2.11	1	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
enclomiphene Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.	1.97	1
nadp [no description available]	2.38	2
goserelin Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.	1.97	1	organic molecular entity
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	1.96	1	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	1.98	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
menotropins Menotropins: Extracts of urine from menopausal women that contain high concentrations of pituitary gonadotropins, FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE and LUTEINIZING HORMONE. Menotropins are used to treat infertility. The FSH:LH ratio and degree of purity vary in different preparations.	1.97	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia [description not available]	2.48	2
Cancer of Testis [description not available]	2.11	1
Adrenal Cortical Rest Tumor [description not available]	2.11	1
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance, congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting, hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among others, underlie these disorders.	2.48	2
Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.	2.11	1
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2.64	3
Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available]	1.96	1
Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	1.96	1

16-hydroxyprogesterone

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (7)

Drug Classes (1)

Research

Studies (23)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.35

Study Types