14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid

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Description

## 14-Fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid: A Research Tool for Studying Fatty Acid Metabolism

**14-Fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid** is a synthetic analog of palmitic acid, a common saturated fatty acid found in animals and plants. It has several key structural features that make it a useful tool in research:

* **Fluorine substitution:** The presence of fluorine at the 14th carbon position makes the molecule more stable and resistant to metabolic breakdown. This allows it to persist in the body longer, providing a more sustained effect for research purposes.
* **Sulfur substitution:** The sulfur atom at the 6th carbon position introduces a unique chemical property that can be exploited in various research applications.
* **Chain length:** The 17-carbon chain length makes it comparable to naturally occurring fatty acids, ensuring relevant interactions with cellular pathways.

**Here's why this molecule is important for research:**

**1. Studying Fatty Acid Metabolism:**

* **Inhibition of Fatty Acid Synthesis:** 14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid has been shown to inhibit the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS), a key enzyme responsible for the synthesis of fatty acids in the body. By inhibiting FAS, researchers can study the effects of reduced fatty acid synthesis on various cellular processes and disease models.
* **Modulation of Lipid Metabolism:** This molecule can also be used to study the transport, storage, and breakdown of lipids. It can interact with various proteins involved in lipid metabolism, providing insights into their function and potential targets for drug development.

**2. Development of Anti-Cancer Agents:**

* **Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition:** The inhibition of fatty acid synthesis by 14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid has shown potential in reducing the growth of certain types of cancer cells.
* **Increased Sensitivity to Chemotherapy:** Research suggests that this compound might increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs in treating some cancers.

**3. Studying Mitochondrial Function:**

* **Mitochondrial Metabolism:** 14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid can affect the function of mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, by interfering with fatty acid oxidation. This allows for studying the role of mitochondria in various cellular processes and diseases.

**4. Understanding the Role of Fatty Acids in Health and Disease:**

* **Metabolic Disorders:** The effects of 14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid on lipid metabolism can provide insights into the development and progression of metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
* **Neurological Disorders:** Studies using this molecule have explored its potential role in neurological conditions, demonstrating its influence on brain function and neuronal health.

**Overall, 14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid is a versatile research tool that provides valuable information about fatty acid metabolism and its impact on various cellular processes and disease states.**

It's important to note that research with this molecule is ongoing, and its full therapeutic potential is still being investigated.

14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given is for 18F labelled cpd [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	132136
MeSH ID	M0193462

Synonyms (10)

Synonym
138225-06-6
14-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid
pentanoic acid, 5-((8-(fluoro-18f)undecyl)thio)-, (+-)-
ftha
5-(8-fluoroundecylsulfanyl)pentanoic acid
137564-72-8
14-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid
14(r,s)-fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid
5-[(8-fluoroundecyl)sulfanyl]pentanoic acid
DTXSID70930027

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (26)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	9 (34.62)	18.2507
2000's	6 (23.08)	29.6817
2010's	8 (30.77)	24.3611
2020's	3 (11.54)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.19

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	11.19 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.40 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.59 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (11.19)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	2 (7.41%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (3.70%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	24 (88.89%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	3.48	1	1	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	1.99	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	1.98	1	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
ethyl 2-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)pentyl)oxiran-2-carboxylate [no description available]	1.97	1	0
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	3.28	6	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	2.39	2	0
iodofiltic acid iodofiltic acid: labeled with 123 I for myocardial imaging; RN given refers to unlabeled, non-isomeric cpd	1.99	1	0
technetium tc 99m sestamibi Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi: A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.	2.39	2	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	2.6	1	0
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	3.98	2	1
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.6	1	0
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	2.6	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.58	2	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.58	2	0
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy [description not available]	2.08	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.08	1	0
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.	2.08	1	0
Impaired Glucose Tolerance [description not available]	4.37	4	1
Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available]	3.87	2	1
Weight Reduction [description not available]	3.48	1	1
Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.	3.48	1	1
Glucose Intolerance A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION.	4.37	4	1
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.	3.87	2	1
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.	2.05	1	0
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.	2.05	1	0
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.	2.07	1	0
Abdominal Obesity [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Prediabetes [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Prediabetic State The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	2.07	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	3.4	1	1
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.	2.03	1	0
Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.	2.03	1	0
Anterior Fascicular Block [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Coronary Heart Disease [description not available]	2.9	4	0
Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.	2.9	4	0
Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).	1.99	1	0
Cardiomyopathy, Congestive [description not available]	2	1	0
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.	2	1	0

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