Compounds > 1-o-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol
Page last updated: 2024-12-07

1-o-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

1-O-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (MAG) is a **monoacylglycerol** (MAG), a type of lipid that consists of a glycerol molecule with one fatty acid chain attached.

**Structure:**

* **Myristoyl:** A saturated fatty acid with 14 carbon atoms (C14:0). This is attached to the glycerol molecule at the sn-1 position.
* **Acetyl:** A short chain fatty acid with 2 carbon atoms (C2:0). This is attached to the glycerol molecule at the sn-2 position.

**Importance in Research:**

MAG, including 1-O-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol, is of interest in various research areas due to its potential roles in:

1. **Cellular Signaling:**
* **Endocannabinoid System:** MAGs can act as endogenous ligands for cannabinoid receptors, specifically CB1 and CB2, which are involved in various physiological processes like pain perception, appetite regulation, and immune responses.
* **Other Signaling Pathways:** MAGs have been shown to activate other signaling pathways, including the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, which is important for cell growth, differentiation, and survival.

2. **Metabolic Processes:**
* **Lipogenesis:** MAGs are intermediates in the synthesis of triglycerides, the primary form of fat storage in the body.
* **Lipolysis:** MAGs can be hydrolyzed to produce glycerol and free fatty acids, contributing to energy metabolism.
* **Intestinal Absorption:** MAGs are important for the absorption of dietary fats in the intestines.

3. **Therapeutic Potential:**
* **Neurological Disorders:** MAGs are being investigated as potential therapeutic agents for neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as they can modulate neuronal activity and protect against neurotoxicity.
* **Metabolic Diseases:** MAGs might have potential benefits for metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes by influencing lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

**Current Research:**

Researchers are actively investigating the following aspects of MAGs:

* **Synthesis and Metabolism:** Understanding how MAGs are synthesized and metabolized in the body is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.
* **Biological Activity:** Identifying specific pathways and receptors involved in MAG signaling will provide insights into its physiological and therapeutic roles.
* **Drug Development:** Developing novel MAG-based drugs that target specific pathways could have promising applications in various disease areas.

Overall, 1-O-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol and other MAGs hold significant potential for research, particularly in the fields of endocannabinoid signaling, lipid metabolism, and drug development. Continued research will provide a deeper understanding of their roles in the body and their potential for therapeutic applications.

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID124835
CHEMBL ID186395
MeSH IDM0130575

Synonyms (12)

Synonym
1-mag
glycerol 1-myristate 2-acetate
(2-acetyloxy-3-hydroxypropyl) tetradecanoate
92758-88-8
CHEMBL186395
1-o-myristoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol
tetradecanoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-3-hydroxypropyl ester, (+-)-
100307-94-6
DTXSID20276280
2-(acetyloxy)-3-hydroxypropyl tetradecanoate
DTXSID40918973
1-tetradecanoyl-2-acetyl-glycerole
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (2)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID239686Displacement of [20-3H]-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBU) from recombinant Protein kinase C alpha (C1a/C1b domain) in presence of phosphatidyl serine 2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-29, Volume: 47, Issue:16
Macrocyclic diacylglycerol-bis-lactones as conformationally constrained analogues of diacylglycerol-lactones. Interactions with protein kinase C.
AID237417Partition coefficient (logP)2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-29, Volume: 47, Issue:16
Macrocyclic diacylglycerol-bis-lactones as conformationally constrained analogues of diacylglycerol-lactones. Interactions with protein kinase C.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (6)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19903 (50.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's1 (16.67)29.6817
2010's2 (33.33)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.64

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index12.64 (24.57)
Research Supply Index1.95 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.59 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.64)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other6 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
carbamates
[no description available]		2.1310amino-acid anion
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		2.3720acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.		1.9610butyrate ester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
phorbols
Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).		1.9610diterpene;
terpenoid fundamental parent
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		1.9610icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nadp
[no description available]		2.2110
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		1.9610dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
5(S)-HETE : A HETE having a (5S)-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.. 5-HETE : A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.		1.9610HETEhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
mezerein
mezerein: toxic component of plant Daphne mezereum with anti-leukemic activity against P-388 & P-1210 in mice; can act as a tumor promoter; RN given refers to (12beta(E,E))-isomer; structure		1.9610diterpenoid
1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol
[no description available]		1.96101,2-diglyceride
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		1.9610
muramidase
Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.		1.9610
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.2110
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		02.1310
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		02.1310
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		02.1310