1-nitrosopyrene

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

## 1-Nitrosopyrene: A Carcinogen of Research Interest

1-Nitrosopyrene is a **highly potent and mutagenic compound** that belongs to the family of **nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs)**.

Here's why it's important for research:

**1. Environmental Significance:**

* **Ubiquitous Pollutant:** It's found in **diesel exhaust, coal tar, and cigarette smoke**, making it a common environmental pollutant.
* **Bioaccumulation:** 1-Nitrosopyrene can accumulate in living organisms, posing a potential threat to human health.

**2. Health Risks:**

* **Carcinogen:** It's been classified as a **probable human carcinogen** by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
* **Mutagenic:** It causes mutations in DNA, which can lead to cancer development.
* **Respiratory Issues:** Exposure to 1-Nitrosopyrene can cause respiratory problems, such as lung irritation and inflammation.

**3. Research Focus:**

* **Cancer Prevention:** Research on 1-Nitrosopyrene focuses on understanding its carcinogenic mechanisms and developing strategies for cancer prevention.
* **Biomarker Development:** Researchers are exploring the use of 1-Nitrosopyrene levels as biomarkers for exposure to diesel exhaust and other sources of pollution.
* **Environmental Remediation:** Studies investigate methods to remove or neutralize 1-Nitrosopyrene from contaminated environments.

**4. Specific Research Areas:**

* **Metabolism and Toxicity:** Research aims to understand how 1-Nitrosopyrene is metabolized in the body and its toxic effects on various organs.
* **DNA Adducts:** Studying the formation of DNA adducts, the covalent binding of 1-Nitrosopyrene to DNA, is crucial for understanding its carcinogenic potential.
* **Environmental Fate:** Research focuses on understanding the fate of 1-Nitrosopyrene in the environment, including its persistence, degradation, and transport pathways.

**Overall, 1-Nitrosopyrene is a significant research target due to its potential health risks and widespread environmental presence. Further research is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its harmful effects and protect human health.**

1-nitrosopyrene: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	104777
SCHEMBL ID	3341373
MeSH ID	M0130407

Synonyms (9)

Synonym
ccris 2586
1-nitrosopyrene
pyrene, 1-nitroso-
86674-51-3
unii-5xc7ze327a
5xc7ze327a ,
SCHEMBL3341373
nitrosopyrene, 1-
DTXSID101007006

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (30)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	16 (53.33)	18.7374
1990's	11 (36.67)	18.2507
2000's	2 (6.67)	29.6817
2010's	1 (3.33)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.76

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	10.76 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.53 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.29 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (10.76)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	33 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	1.98	1	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	1.97	1	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	1.97	1
n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene: structure	7.66	3
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.	1.97	1	C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide	carcinogenic agent
2-nitrofluorene 2-nitrofluorene: RN given refers to cpd with locant with nitro moiety in 2 position. 2-nitrofluorene : A nitroarene that is fluorene substituted by a nitro group at position 2.	2	1	nitroarene	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
1-aminopyrene [no description available]	8.07	5
1,6-pyrenequinone 1,6-pyrenequinone: RN given refers to cpd with locants for oxo moiety in positions 1 & 6	2.07	1	pyrenes
1,8-pyrenequinone 1,8-pyrenequinone: RN given refers to cpd with locants for oxo moiety in positions 1 & 8	2.07	1	pyrenes
1-hydroxypyrene 1-hydroxypyrene: pyrene metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	pyrenes
1-nitropyrene [no description available]	3.99	14	nitroarene	carcinogenic agent
acetoxyacetylaminofluorene Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene: An alkylating agent that forms DNA ADDUCTS at the C-8 position in GUANINE, resulting in single strand breaks. It has demonstrated carcinogenic action.. N-acetoxy-2-acetamidofluorene : A 2-acetamidofluorene compound in which the parent 2-acetamidofluorene is substituted on nitrogen by an acetoxy group.	2.67	3	2-acetamidofluorenes	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
2-nitrofluoranthene [no description available]	2	1
pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.	1.97	1	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant
1,8-dinitropyrene [no description available]	1.97	1	pyrenes
7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.	2.67	3	epoxide	intercalator
bathocuproine bathocuproine: reagent for copper; RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	2	1	phenanthroline
antibiotic g 418 antibiotic G 418: from Micromonospora rhodorangea	1.97	1
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	2.38	2	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	2	1	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	2	1	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	2	1	guanosines	biomarker

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.	1.97	1
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	1.97	1
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	1.97	1
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	1.97	1
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	1.97	1
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	1.96	1

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