1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine profile

**1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine (DPPC-TP)** is a synthetic phospholipid analog that differs from the natural phospholipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) by having a sulfur atom in place of an oxygen atom in the phosphate group.

**Structure and Properties:**

- DPPC-TP is a zwitterionic molecule with a hydrophobic tail composed of two palmitoyl chains and a hydrophilic head group containing the thiophosphate group and choline.
- It forms stable bilayer structures similar to natural phospholipids, but with altered physical properties.

**Importance for Research:**

DPPC-TP is a valuable tool in various research areas, including:

**1. Membrane Structure and Dynamics:**

- The sulfur atom in DPPC-TP introduces a slight change in the electrostatic properties of the phospholipid head group.
- This change alters membrane fluidity, phase transitions, and interactions with proteins and other molecules.
- By studying these differences compared to DPPC, researchers can gain insights into the role of specific phospholipid head groups in membrane structure and function.

**2. Drug Delivery Systems:**

- DPPC-TP can be incorporated into liposomes, nanoparticles, and other drug delivery systems.
- Its altered properties, such as increased stability and reduced permeability, can enhance drug encapsulation, targeting, and release.

**3. Membrane Modeling:**

- DPPC-TP is used as a model system to study membrane-protein interactions.
- Its unique properties allow for the investigation of specific phospholipid-protein interactions that are difficult to study using natural phospholipids.

**4. Bioanalytical Methods:**

- DPPC-TP has been used in developing novel bioanalytical methods, such as biosensors, for detecting specific molecules or enzyme activity.
- The sulfur atom in DPPC-TP can be labeled with radioactive isotopes or fluorescent tags for sensitive detection.

**5. Antimicrobial Agents:**

- Recent studies have shown that DPPC-TP has potential antimicrobial activity against certain bacteria.
- Its ability to disrupt bacterial membranes and inhibit their growth makes it a promising candidate for developing new antibiotics.

**Conclusion:**

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine (DPPC-TP) is a versatile phospholipid analog with unique properties that have made it an important tool in various research areas. Its ability to alter membrane properties, enhance drug delivery, and serve as a model system for membrane research has contributed significantly to our understanding of membrane biology and its applications.

1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine: sulfur atom replaces double-bonded oxygen in phosphate group; RN given refers to (R-(R*,R*))-isomer [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	133917
MeSH ID	M0114984

Synonym
1,2-dgtpc
n,n,n-triethyl-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-7-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-3,5,9-trioxa-4-phosphapentacosan-1-aminium hydroxide, inner salt, 4-sulfide, (r,r)-
3,5,9-trioxa-4-phosphapentacosan-1-aminium, n,n,n-triethyl-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-7-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-, hydroxide, inner salt, 4-sulfide, (r,r)-
dipalmitoyl-thion-phosphatidylcholine
1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine
c43-h86-n-o7-p-s
dptpc
82482-77-7
o-[2,3-bis(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl] o-[2-(triethylazaniumyl)ethyl] phosphorothioate
DTXSID401002712

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	9 (42.86)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	8 (38.10)	29.6817
2010's	3 (14.29)	24.3611
2020's	1 (4.76)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	23 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.	4.39	21	phosphocholines	allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphorylethanolamine phosphorylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. O-phosphoethanolamine : The ethanolamine mono-ester of phosphoric acid, and a metabolite of phospholipid metabolism. This phosphomonoester shows strong structural similarity to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, and is decreased in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain.	2.02	1	phosphoethanolamine; primary amino compound	algal metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	2.02	1	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	1.96	1	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.79	3
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	2.02	1	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2.17	1	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
lanthanum [no description available]	1.96	1	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	1.96	1	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
carticaine Carticaine: A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.	2.07	1	thiophenecarboxylic acid
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol : A phosphatidylglycerol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both palmitoyl.	2.17	1	phosphatidylglycerol
tyloxapol tyloxapol: non-ionic detergent with surface-active properties; incompatible with metals; surfactant also used in inhalation therapy; N1 is from CA Vol 90 Form Index; N1 in Chemline is same as synonym 8. tyloxapol : A polymeric compound resulting from the reaction of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol with formaldehyde to give a chain in which 6-8 molecules are linked together by CH2 groups ortho to the phenolic hydroxy groups, which have then undergone reaction with oxirane to give polyoxyethyleneoxy moieties, Ar(OCH2CH2)xOH, where x = 8-10. A nonionic liquic polymer, it inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hence clearance of triglyceride from the plasma, so is used to induce hyperlipidaemia in test animals. Also used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucus- and pus-containing bronchopulmonary secretions.	2.03	1
1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) : A A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) that is the dilauroyl diester of phosphatidiylcholine.	2.02	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)
oxazolidine oxazolidine: structure given in first source	2.17	1	oxazolidine
dipalmitoylphosphatidylserine [no description available]	2.07	1	phosphatidyl-L-serine
silicon nitride [no description available]	2.02	1
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/88. 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 are palmitoyl and oleoyl respectively.	2.02	1	(18R,21S)-24-amino-21-hydroxy-21-oxido-15-oxo-16,20,22-trioxa-21lambdalambda(5)-phosphatetracosan-18-yl icosanoate; phosphatidylethanolamine
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylglycero-3-phosphoglycerol [no description available]	2.05	1	phosphatidylglycerol
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylglycero-3-phosphoserine {1-O-hexadecanoyl-2-O-[(Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phospho}serine : A 3-sn-phosphatidyl-L-serine compound with a palmitoyl group at the 1-position and an oleoyl group at the 2-position.	2.07	1	3-sn-phosphatidyl-L-serine
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.43	2	phosphatidylcholine(1+)
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).	2.02	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester	antigen; mouse metabolite
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	1.97	1	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
1,2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine: used for premature induction of labor in rabbits; RN given refers to (all Z)-isomer	2.02	1
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	2.02	1
melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.	1.96	1
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	3.09	5	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
glycolipids [no description available]	2.03	1

1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine

Description

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Synonyms (10)

Research

Studies (21)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.98

Study Types